This study was conducted retrospectively on a cohort of 68 patients with steroid 5α-reductase 2(SRD5A2)deficiency and 46,XY disorders of sex development(DSD).Whole-exon sequencing revealed 28 variants of SRD5A2,and f...This study was conducted retrospectively on a cohort of 68 patients with steroid 5α-reductase 2(SRD5A2)deficiency and 46,XY disorders of sex development(DSD).Whole-exon sequencing revealed 28 variants of SRD5A2,and further analysis identified seven novel mutants.The preponderance of variants was observed in exon 1 and exon 4,specifically within the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate(NADPH)-binding region.Among the entire cohort,53 patients underwent initial surgery at Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital(Chengdu,China).The external genitalia scores(EGS)of these participants varied from 2.0 to 11.0,with a mean of 6.8(standard deviation[s.d.]:2.5).Thirty patients consented to hormone testing.Their average testosterone-todihydrotestosterone(T/DHT)ratio was 49.3(s.d.:23.4).Genetic testing identified four patients with EGS scores between 6 and 9 as having this syndrome;and their T/DHT ratios were below the diagnostic threshold.Furthermore,assessments conducted using the crystal structure of human SRD5A2 have provided insights into the potential pathogenic mechanisms of these novel variants.These mechanisms include interference with NADPH binding(c.356G>C,c.365A>G,c.492C>G,and c.662T>G)and destabilization of the protein structure(c.727C>T).The c.446-1G>T and c.380delG variants were verified to result in large alterations in the transcripts.Seven novel variations were identified,and the variant database for the SRD5A2 gene was expanded.These findings contribute to the progress of diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for individuals with SRD5A2 deficiency.展开更多
The development of infrared engineering technologies for extreme environments remains a formidable challenge due to the inherent trade-offs among optical performance,thermal stability,and mechanical integrity in therm...The development of infrared engineering technologies for extreme environments remains a formidable challenge due to the inherent trade-offs among optical performance,thermal stability,and mechanical integrity in thermal photonic metamaterials(TPMs).This work introduces a novel multi-obj ective design framework and demonstrates the design,fabrication,and validation of a TPM operating under extreme temperatures up to 1873 K.We have established a holistic design framework integrating temperaturedependent neural network and Pareto multi-obj ective optimization to co-optimize spectral response,component light-weighting,and structural efficiency.The framework achieves 100 times faster computation than genetic algorithms.The performance of the designed TPM was evaluated under various atmospheric models and detection distances.The TPM achieved a peak radiance suppression efficiency of 82%and a maximum attenuation of-7.4 dB at 1200-1500 K.Experimentally,we fabricated an all-dielectric TPM using a refractory TiO2/BeO multilayer stack with only 5 layers and 2um total thickness.The optimized structure shows high reflectivity(0.62 at 3-5 um;0.48 at 8-14μm)for radiative suppression and high emissivity(0.87 at 5-8μm)for radiative cooling.The TPM withstands 1873 K for 12 h in air with less than 3%spectral drift,retaining excellent mechanical properties.On high-temperature components,it achieves 40-50%radiative suppression and 40-60 K(~10.1 kW m-2)radiative cooling at 1100 K,endures over 20 times thermal shock cycles(>150 K s-1,700-1500 K),and maintains stable performance over 5 cycles,with 78%visible and 98%microwave transmittance.This work establishes a new paradigm in the design and application of photonic materials for extreme environments.展开更多
In order to improve the accuracy of rolling bearing fault diagnosis when the motor is running under non-stationary conditions,an AC motor rolling bearing fault diagnosis method was proposed based on heterogeneous data...In order to improve the accuracy of rolling bearing fault diagnosis when the motor is running under non-stationary conditions,an AC motor rolling bearing fault diagnosis method was proposed based on heterogeneous data fusion of current and infrared images.Firstly,VMD was used to decompose the motor current signal and extract the low-frequency component of the bearing fault signal.On this basis,the current signal was transformed into a two-dimensional graph suitable for convolutional neural network,and the data set was classified by convolutional neural network and softmax classifier.Secondly,the infrared image was segmented and the fault features were extracted,so as to calculate the similarity with the infrared image of the fault bearing in the library,and further the sigmod classifier was used to classify the data.Finally,a decision-level fusion method was introduced to fuse the current signal with the infrared image signal diagnosis result according to the weight,and the motor bearing fault diagnosis result was obtained.Through experimental verification,the proposed fault diagnosis method could be used for the fault diagnosis of motor bearing outer ring under the condition of load variation,and the accuracy of fault diagnosis can reach 98.85%.展开更多
Due to global warming and diminishing ice cover in Arctic regions,the northern sea route(NSR)has attracted increasing attention in recent years.Extreme cold temperatures and high wind speeds in Arctic regions present ...Due to global warming and diminishing ice cover in Arctic regions,the northern sea route(NSR)has attracted increasing attention in recent years.Extreme cold temperatures and high wind speeds in Arctic regions present substantial risks to vessels operating along the NSR.Consequently,analyzing extreme temperature and wind speed values along the NSR is essential for ensuring maritime operational safety in the region.This study analyzes wind and temperature data spanning 40 years,from 1981 to 2020,at four representative sites along the NSR for extreme value analysis.The average conditional exceedance rate(ACER)method and the Gumbel method are employed to estimate extreme wind speed and air temperature at these sites.Comparative analysis reveals that the ACER method provides higher accuracy and lower uncertainty in estimations.The predicted extreme wind speed for a 100-year return period is 30.36 m/s,with a minimum temperature of-56.66°C,varying across the four sites.Furthermore,the study presents extreme values corresponding to each return period,providing temperature extremes as a basis for guiding steel thickness specifications.These findings provide valuable reference for designing polar vessels and offshore structures,contributing to enhanced engineering standards for Arctic conditions.展开更多
A control strategy of repetitive control without inductorance decoupling was proposed to address the problem of high total harmonic distortion(THD)rate of the network-side current caused by the reduced stability of th...A control strategy of repetitive control without inductorance decoupling was proposed to address the problem of high total harmonic distortion(THD)rate of the network-side current caused by the reduced stability of the rectifier module of the DC charging pile under weak grid as well as the dead zone and nonlinearity of switching devices during charging.Firstly,the parallel repetitive control was constructed in the inner current loop,and the proportional-integral(PI)+repetitive controller based on parallel structure was designed.For system compensation,a second-order low-pass filter was selected to correct the system,and the network-side current harmonics were actively suppressed without increasing the filtering device,which effectively improves the quality of grid-connected current.Secondly,based on the synthetic vector method,the controller parameters were designed to realize the elimination of main pole by establishing two synchronous rotation coordinate system vector differential equations,so as to realize the inductanceless decoupling to cope with the influence of network-side inductance fluctuation on the stability of the control system under weak grid.By theoretical analysis and simulation,the proposed control strategy was embedded into the self-developed digital signal processor for the rectifier module of DC charging pile,simulated dynamic and steady-state operation experiments were conducted,and comparative analysis was performed to prove the feasibility of the proposed control strategy.展开更多
The effect of the resistance R of Mn1.85Co0.3Ni0.85O4(MCN)thick-film negative-temperature-coefficient(NTC)thermistors on temperature T is studied carefully.Interestingly,the R–T relation is found to be decided simult...The effect of the resistance R of Mn1.85Co0.3Ni0.85O4(MCN)thick-film negative-temperature-coefficient(NTC)thermistors on temperature T is studied carefully.Interestingly,the R–T relation is found to be decided simultaneously by the characteristic of the MCN oxide and the electrode structure of the NTC thermistor.For plane end electrodes,the R–T relation is nonlinear.However,for plane fork electrodes,the R–T relation can be linear.To clarify the intrinsic mechanism of the linear R–T relation,the electric field distribution in the MCN thick film is simulated.The obtained results suggest that the non-uniform electric field distribution between the electrodes is responsible for the R–T relation linearization.展开更多
The north trending rifts in southern Xizang represent the E-W extension of the plateau and confirming the initial rifting age is key to the study of mechanics of these rifts.Pagri-Duoqing Co graben is located at south...The north trending rifts in southern Xizang represent the E-W extension of the plateau and confirming the initial rifting age is key to the study of mechanics of these rifts.Pagri-Duoqing Co graben is located at southern end of Yadong-Gulu rift,where the late Cenozoic sediments is predominately composed of fluvio-lacustrine and moraine.Based on the sedimentary composition and structures,the fluviolacustrine could be divided into three facies,namely,lacustrine,lacustrine fan delta and alluvial fan.The presence of paleo-currents and conglomerate components and the provenance of the strata around the graben indicate that it was Tethys Himalaya and High Himalaya.Electron spin resonance(ESR)dating and paleo-magnetic dating suggest that the age of the strata ranges from ca.1.2 Ma to ca.8 Ma.Optically stimulated luminescence(OSL)dating showed that moraine in the graben mainly developed from around181-109 ka(late Middle Pleistocene).Combining previous data about the Late Cenozoic strata in other basins,it is suggested that 8-15 Ma may be the initial rifting time.Together with sediment distribution and drainage system,the sedimentary evolution of Pagri could be divided into four stages.The graben rifted at around 15-8 Ma due to the eastern graben-boundary fault resulting in the appearance of a paleolake.Following by a geologically quiet period about 8-2.5 Ma,the paleolake expanded from east to west at around 8-6 Ma reaching its maximum at ca.6 Ma.Then,the graben was broken at about 2.5 Ma.At last,the development of the glacier separated the graben into two parts that were Pagri and Duoqing Co since the later stages of the Middle Pleistocene.The evolution process suggested that the former three stages were related to the tectonic movement,which determined the basement of the graben,while the last stage may have been influenced by glacial activity caused by climate change.展开更多
Carbonylation reactions,crucial for carbonyl group incorporation,struggle with the inherent complexity of achieving selective mono-or double-carbonylation on single substrates,often due to competing reaction pathways....Carbonylation reactions,crucial for carbonyl group incorporation,struggle with the inherent complexity of achieving selective mono-or double-carbonylation on single substrates,often due to competing reaction pathways.Herein,our study introduces a strategy employing palladium amides,harnessing their unique reactivity control,to direct the selective carbonylation of amines for the targeted synthesis of urea and oxamide derivatives.The palladium amide structure was elucidated using single-crystal X-ray diffraction.Controlled experiments and cyclic voltammetry studies further elucidate that the oxidation of palladium amide or its insertion into a carbonyl group diverges into distinct pathways.By employing sodium percarbonate as an eco-friendly oxidant and base,we have successfully constructed a switchable carbonylation system co-catalyzed by palladium and iodide under room temperature.The utilizing strategy in this study not only facilitates effective control over reaction selectivity but also mitigates the risk of explosions,a critical safety concern in traditional carbonylation methods.展开更多
To the Editor,Non-human primate(NHP)models are advantageous for mimicking human addiction with high behavioural validity.1 However,current NHP drug addiction models(eg,self-administration)often require a comprehensive...To the Editor,Non-human primate(NHP)models are advantageous for mimicking human addiction with high behavioural validity.1 However,current NHP drug addiction models(eg,self-administration)often require a comprehensive behavioural training paradigm,relatively expensive apparatus and invasive surgical procedures.展开更多
Plants glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase(GPDH)catalyzes the formation of glycerol-3-phosphate,and plays an essential role in glycerolipid metabolism and stress responses.In the present study,the knock-out mutants of ...Plants glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase(GPDH)catalyzes the formation of glycerol-3-phosphate,and plays an essential role in glycerolipid metabolism and stress responses.In the present study,the knock-out mutants of cytosolic GPDH(AtGPDHc2)and wild-type Arabidopsis plants were treated with 0,50,100,and 150 mmol L–1 NaCl to reveal the effects of AtGPDHc2 deficiency on salinity stress responses.The fluctuation in redox status,reactive oxygen species(ROS)and antioxidant enzymes as well as the transcripts of genes involved in the relevant processes were measured.In the presence of 100 and 150 mmol L–1 NaCl treatments,AtGPDHc2-deficient plants exhibited a pronounced reduction in germination rate,fresh weight,root length,and overall biomass.Furthermore,loss of AtGPDHc2 resulted in a significant perturbation in cellular redox state(NADH/NAD+and AsA/DHA)and consequent elevation of ROS and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances(TBARS)content.The elevated ROS level triggered substantial increases in ROS-scavenging enzymes activities,and the up-regulated transcripts of the genes(CSD1,sAPX and PER33)encoding the antioxidant enzymes were also observed.In addition,the transcript levels of COX15,AOX1A and GLDH in gpdhc2 mutants decreased in comparison to wild-type plants,which demonstrated that the deficiency of AtGPDHc2 might also has impact on mitochondrial respiration under salt stress.Together,this work provides some new evidences on illustrating the roles of AtGPDHc2 playing in response to salinity stress by regulating cellular redox homeostasis,ROS metabolism and mitochondrial respiration.展开更多
Zn's natural degradability and biocompatibility make it a promising candidate for implants,however,its mechanical properties remain insufficient for bone applications.In this study,the performance of Zn was enhanc...Zn's natural degradability and biocompatibility make it a promising candidate for implants,however,its mechanical properties remain insufficient for bone applications.In this study,the performance of Zn was enhanced by developing Zn-Cu alloys via laser powder bed fusion(LPBF).Optimal LPBF parameters for forming stable tracks were achieved by adjusting laser power and scanning speed.Under optimized conditions of 100 W and 100 mm/s,high density(99.58%)Zn-Cu alloys with improved hardness(68.2 HV)and yield strength(160 MPa)were achieved.These improvements are attributed to solid solution strengthening,segregation strengthening,and grain refinement.The Zn-Cu alloys also demonstrated favorable degradation behavior,with a rate of 0.16 mm/year.This degradation is primarily driven by micro-galvanic corrosion between the CuZn 5 phase and Zn matrix,along with refined grains and increased grain boundary density.This work demonstrates a viable strategy for fabricating Zn-based implants with enhanced structural integrity and mechanical performance via LPBF.展开更多
Objective The nearly parallel N-S-trending rifts in southern Tibet represent the E-W extension of the Tibet Plateau. Most data which constrained the age of the extensional deformation come from isotopic dating of the ...Objective The nearly parallel N-S-trending rifts in southern Tibet represent the E-W extension of the Tibet Plateau. Most data which constrained the age of the extensional deformation come from isotopic dating of the dikes probably related to the activity of the nearly N-S faulting and micas from hydrothermal activity and the low- temperature thermochronology of plateau uplift. Previous research shows that there are at least three different ideas about the age of the rifts: (1) older than 16-12 Ma, (2) 14- 10 Ma, and (3) 8-4 Ma (Fig. la). For the old sedimentary strata represented the beginning of the rifting, the dating of the sediments helps to better define the initial rifting age.展开更多
Atomic configuration and connectivity of Sb_2Te_3 thin film are investigated using high-energy X-ray diffraction and reverse Monte Carlo simulation. Atomic model details of Sb_2Te_3 thin film are compared with liquid ...Atomic configuration and connectivity of Sb_2Te_3 thin film are investigated using high-energy X-ray diffraction and reverse Monte Carlo simulation. Atomic model details of Sb_2Te_3 thin film are compared with liquid and amorphous Sb_2Te_3 reported in other article. Simulations show that both Sb–Sb and Te–Te homopolar bonds are present in the models. In phase transition process,atomic configuration of the sample rearranges gradually through the forming of Sb–Te bonds and the breaking of Sb–Sb and Te–Te bonds.展开更多
Adenomatosis polyposis down-regulated 1(APCDD1) is a transmembrane glycoprotein that negatively regulates Wnt/β-catenin canonical signaling by binding with Wnt ligands and receptors. We analyzed the role of APCDD1 in...Adenomatosis polyposis down-regulated 1(APCDD1) is a transmembrane glycoprotein that negatively regulates Wnt/β-catenin canonical signaling by binding with Wnt ligands and receptors. We analyzed the role of APCDD1 in the Wnt5a/c-Jun non-canonical signaling pathway and demonstrated that APCDD1 can interact in vitro with Wnt5a, a classical ligand, and Ror2, a receptor of non-canonical Wnt signaling. Furthermore, we verified the binding of APCDD1 and Ror2 in primary cells of mouse skin. Moreover, APCDD1 seems to form a complex with Ror2 and Vangl2 in the cell, and complex formation can be improved by adding Wnt5a. In the presence of Wnt5a and Ror2, APCDD1 can induce the phosphorylation of c-Jun, a transcription factor of Wnt5a non-canonical signaling, and its phosphorylation level is a readout of Wnt5 a signaling. Wound-healing assay shows that APCDD1 accelerates polarized cell migration during Wnt5a-induced wound closure. Therefore,it is very likely that APCDD1 regulates Wnt5a/c-Jun non-canonical signaling as co-receptor binding with both Wnt5a and Ror2.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the effects of dasatinib on the maturation of monocyte-derived dendritic cells(moDCs)derived from healthy donors(HDs)and chronic myelogenous leukemia(CML)patients.Methods:Peripheral blood mono...Objective:To investigate the effects of dasatinib on the maturation of monocyte-derived dendritic cells(moDCs)derived from healthy donors(HDs)and chronic myelogenous leukemia(CML)patients.Methods:Peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs)were isolated from HDs(n=10)and CML patients(n=10)who had got the remission of MR4.5 with imatinib treatment.The generation of moDCs from PBMCs was completed after 7 days of incubation inDC I culture medium,and another 3 days of incubation in DC II culture medium with or without 25nmol/L dasatinib.On the 10th day,cells were harvested and expression of molecules of maturation related marker were assessed by flow cytometry.The CD80*CD86’cell population in total cells was gated as DCs in the fluorescence-activated cell storting(FACS)analyzing system,then the expression of CD83,CD40 or HLA-DR in this population was analyzed respectively.Results:The proportion of CD80*CD86*cells in total cells didn't show a statistical difference between HD group and patient group(89.46%±9.70%vs 87.39%±9.34%,P=0.690).Dasatinib significantly enhanced the expression of the surface marker CD40(P=0.008)and HLA-DR(P=0.028)on moDCs derived from HDs compared with the control group,while the expression of CD83 on moDCs didn't show a significant difference between dasatinib group and the control group(P=0.428).Meanwhile,dasatinib significantly enhanced the expression of the surface marker CD40(P=0.023),CD83(P=0.038)and HLA-DR(P=0.001)on moDCs derived from patients compared with the control group.Conclusion:ForCML patients,the same high proportion of moDCs as HDs can be induced in vitro,which provides a basis for the application of DC-based immunotherapy strategy.Dasatinib at the concentration of 25nmol/L can efficiently promote the maturation of moDCs derived from HDs and CML patients in vitro.Dasatinib shows potential as a DC adjuvant to be applied in DC-based immunotherapy strategies,such as DC vaccine and DC cell-therapy.展开更多
A series of novel 2,6-dichloro-3,5-dinitrotoluene derivatives were designed, synthesized in the present study, and their antitumor activities against five cell lines(A431, HepG2, A549, HT-29 and HEK-293) were tested...A series of novel 2,6-dichloro-3,5-dinitrotoluene derivatives were designed, synthesized in the present study, and their antitumor activities against five cell lines(A431, HepG2, A549, HT-29 and HEK-293) were tested. Most of the compounds exhibited moderate-to-significant cytotoxicity and high selectivity against one or more cell lines in comparison with cisplatin. Studies on their preliminary structure-activity relationships(SARs) indicated that compounds containing phenyl(piperazin-1-yl) methanone groups, especially chlorine atom at 4-position of the phenyl ring, were more effective. Compound 4g was found to be the most potent derivative with IC_(50) values of 1.04, 3.20, 6.93, 4.10 and 20.15 μmol/L against A431, HepG2, A549, HT-29 and HEK-293 cell lines, respectively, which was better than positive control cisplatin, one of the most clinically used chemotherapeutic drugs.展开更多
Internal and external meshes are two of primary excitation sources which induce vibration while double-helical planetary gear sets are in transmission. Based on the analysis of tooth movement principle,three cases of ...Internal and external meshes are two of primary excitation sources which induce vibration while double-helical planetary gear sets are in transmission. Based on the analysis of tooth movement principle,three cases of mesh stiffness are derived via investigating the length of action lines,and catalogued in terms of β β_0. The simulation demonstrates mesh stiffness between gear pairs performs as a trapezoid waveform( TW) and changes along with the line of action simultaneously,total mesh stiffness comes from the superposition of each engaged gear. While governing equations of motion contained 16 DOFs( degree of freedom) are constructed and effectively solved through the combination of numerical approaches. Comparing with sinusoidal waveform mesh stiffness( SW),the results show that dynamical factors and perturbation under the excitation of TW( β < β_0) are greater and remarkable than that from SW,with respect to the mean dynamic factors about 1. 51 and 1. 28,respectively. The fluctuation response between ring- planet( R- P) is stronger than sun-planet( S-P) which is also validated by both approach studies,frequency spectra analyses identifies larger distinct rotational resonance and more frequencies under TW excitation.展开更多
针对复杂城市环境中交通流量、人群密度等动态因素降低视觉地点识别(visual place recognition,VPR)算法精度的问题,提出一种融合语义引导的视觉地点识别(semantic-guided VPR,SG-VPR)算法。设计语义引导特征抑制模块,通过构建语义引导...针对复杂城市环境中交通流量、人群密度等动态因素降低视觉地点识别(visual place recognition,VPR)算法精度的问题,提出一种融合语义引导的视觉地点识别(semantic-guided VPR,SG-VPR)算法。设计语义引导特征抑制模块,通过构建语义引导模块与特征抑制层弱化动态物体干扰,精准提取关键静态特征;改进传统三元损失函数,提出自适应三元损失函数(adaptive triplet marginal loss,ATML),依据样本分布自适应调整边距,解决固定边距策略导致的次优解收敛问题,提升特征区分能力。实验结果表明:SG-VPR算法在Pittsburgh250k和Tokyo24/7城市复杂环境公开数据集上的表现优于现有方法,在动态干扰场景下的视觉地点识别性能得到提升。展开更多
Ammonia is gaining increasing attention as a green alternative fuel for achieving large-scale carbon emission reduction. Despite its potential technical prospects, the harsh ignition conditions and slow flame propagat...Ammonia is gaining increasing attention as a green alternative fuel for achieving large-scale carbon emission reduction. Despite its potential technical prospects, the harsh ignition conditions and slow flame propagation speed of ammonia pose significant challenges to its application in engines. Non-equilibrium plasma has been identified as a promising method, but current research on plasma-enhanced ammonia combustion is limited and primarily focuses on ignition characteristics revealed by kinetic models. In this study, low-temperature and low-pressure chemistry in plasma-assisted ammonia oxidative pyrolysis is investigated by integrated studies of steady-state GC measurements and mathematical simulation. The detailed kinetic mechanism of NH3 decomposition in plasma-driven Ar/NH3 and Ar/NH3/O2 mixtures has been developed. The numerical model has good agreements with the experimental measurements in NH3/O2 consumption and N2/H2 generation, which demonstrates the rationality of modelling. Based on the modelling results, species density profiles, path flux and sensitivity analysis for the key plasmaproduced species such as NH2, NH, H2, OH, H, O, O(1D), O2(a1△g), O2(b1∑g+), Ar*, H-, Ar+, NH3+, O2- in the discharge and afterglow are analyzed in detail to illustrate the effectiveness of the active species on NH3 excitation and decomposition at low temperature and relatively higher E/N values. The results revealed that NH2, NH, H as well as H2 are primarily generated through the electron collision reactions e + NH3→ e + NH2+ H, e + NH3→ e + NH + H2 and the excited-argon collision reaction Ar* + NH3+ H → Ar + NH2+ 2H, which will then react with highly reactive oxidative species such as O2*, O*, O, OH, and O2 to produce stable products of NOx and H2O. NH3→ NH is found a specific pathway for NH3 consumption with plasma assistance, which further highlights the enhanced kinetic effects.展开更多
基金supported by the Sichuan Science and Technology Program(No.2022JDZH0029 to JYY)the Special Fund for Clinical Research and Translational Medicine from Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(No.2022-I2M-C&T-B-117 to JYY)the Sichuan Key Research and Development Project from the Department of Science and Technology of Sichuan Province(No.2022YFS0237 to YMT).
摘要This study was conducted retrospectively on a cohort of 68 patients with steroid 5α-reductase 2(SRD5A2)deficiency and 46,XY disorders of sex development(DSD).Whole-exon sequencing revealed 28 variants of SRD5A2,and further analysis identified seven novel mutants.The preponderance of variants was observed in exon 1 and exon 4,specifically within the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate(NADPH)-binding region.Among the entire cohort,53 patients underwent initial surgery at Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital(Chengdu,China).The external genitalia scores(EGS)of these participants varied from 2.0 to 11.0,with a mean of 6.8(standard deviation[s.d.]:2.5).Thirty patients consented to hormone testing.Their average testosterone-todihydrotestosterone(T/DHT)ratio was 49.3(s.d.:23.4).Genetic testing identified four patients with EGS scores between 6 and 9 as having this syndrome;and their T/DHT ratios were below the diagnostic threshold.Furthermore,assessments conducted using the crystal structure of human SRD5A2 have provided insights into the potential pathogenic mechanisms of these novel variants.These mechanisms include interference with NADPH binding(c.356G>C,c.365A>G,c.492C>G,and c.662T>G)and destabilization of the protein structure(c.727C>T).The c.446-1G>T and c.380delG variants were verified to result in large alterations in the transcripts.Seven novel variations were identified,and the variant database for the SRD5A2 gene was expanded.These findings contribute to the progress of diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for individuals with SRD5A2 deficiency.
基金supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China(2024YFA1210500,2023YFB4606105)Fundamental Research Center Projects(52488301)of National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)+1 种基金Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences(ZDBS-LYJSC030)of Chinese Academy of SciencesWestern Light Program(xbzg-zdsys-202402)of Chinese Academy of Sciences。
摘要The development of infrared engineering technologies for extreme environments remains a formidable challenge due to the inherent trade-offs among optical performance,thermal stability,and mechanical integrity in thermal photonic metamaterials(TPMs).This work introduces a novel multi-obj ective design framework and demonstrates the design,fabrication,and validation of a TPM operating under extreme temperatures up to 1873 K.We have established a holistic design framework integrating temperaturedependent neural network and Pareto multi-obj ective optimization to co-optimize spectral response,component light-weighting,and structural efficiency.The framework achieves 100 times faster computation than genetic algorithms.The performance of the designed TPM was evaluated under various atmospheric models and detection distances.The TPM achieved a peak radiance suppression efficiency of 82%and a maximum attenuation of-7.4 dB at 1200-1500 K.Experimentally,we fabricated an all-dielectric TPM using a refractory TiO2/BeO multilayer stack with only 5 layers and 2um total thickness.The optimized structure shows high reflectivity(0.62 at 3-5 um;0.48 at 8-14μm)for radiative suppression and high emissivity(0.87 at 5-8μm)for radiative cooling.The TPM withstands 1873 K for 12 h in air with less than 3%spectral drift,retaining excellent mechanical properties.On high-temperature components,it achieves 40-50%radiative suppression and 40-60 K(~10.1 kW m-2)radiative cooling at 1100 K,endures over 20 times thermal shock cycles(>150 K s-1,700-1500 K),and maintains stable performance over 5 cycles,with 78%visible and 98%microwave transmittance.This work establishes a new paradigm in the design and application of photonic materials for extreme environments.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61903291)Shaanxi Province Key R&D Program(No.2022GY-134)。
摘要In order to improve the accuracy of rolling bearing fault diagnosis when the motor is running under non-stationary conditions,an AC motor rolling bearing fault diagnosis method was proposed based on heterogeneous data fusion of current and infrared images.Firstly,VMD was used to decompose the motor current signal and extract the low-frequency component of the bearing fault signal.On this basis,the current signal was transformed into a two-dimensional graph suitable for convolutional neural network,and the data set was classified by convolutional neural network and softmax classifier.Secondly,the infrared image was segmented and the fault features were extracted,so as to calculate the similarity with the infrared image of the fault bearing in the library,and further the sigmod classifier was used to classify the data.Finally,a decision-level fusion method was introduced to fuse the current signal with the infrared image signal diagnosis result according to the weight,and the motor bearing fault diagnosis result was obtained.Through experimental verification,the proposed fault diagnosis method could be used for the fault diagnosis of motor bearing outer ring under the condition of load variation,and the accuracy of fault diagnosis can reach 98.85%.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52201379)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.WUT:3120622898)+2 种基金State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis,Optimization and CAE Software for Industrial Equipment,Dalian University of Technology(Grant No.GZ 231088)Shanghai Key Laboratory of Naval Architecture Engineering(Grant No.SE202305)funded by European Research Council project under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program(Grant No.TRUST CoG 2019864724).
摘要Due to global warming and diminishing ice cover in Arctic regions,the northern sea route(NSR)has attracted increasing attention in recent years.Extreme cold temperatures and high wind speeds in Arctic regions present substantial risks to vessels operating along the NSR.Consequently,analyzing extreme temperature and wind speed values along the NSR is essential for ensuring maritime operational safety in the region.This study analyzes wind and temperature data spanning 40 years,from 1981 to 2020,at four representative sites along the NSR for extreme value analysis.The average conditional exceedance rate(ACER)method and the Gumbel method are employed to estimate extreme wind speed and air temperature at these sites.Comparative analysis reveals that the ACER method provides higher accuracy and lower uncertainty in estimations.The predicted extreme wind speed for a 100-year return period is 30.36 m/s,with a minimum temperature of-56.66°C,varying across the four sites.Furthermore,the study presents extreme values corresponding to each return period,providing temperature extremes as a basis for guiding steel thickness specifications.These findings provide valuable reference for designing polar vessels and offshore structures,contributing to enhanced engineering standards for Arctic conditions.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61903291)Shaanxi Province Key R&D Program(No.2022GY-134)。
摘要A control strategy of repetitive control without inductorance decoupling was proposed to address the problem of high total harmonic distortion(THD)rate of the network-side current caused by the reduced stability of the rectifier module of the DC charging pile under weak grid as well as the dead zone and nonlinearity of switching devices during charging.Firstly,the parallel repetitive control was constructed in the inner current loop,and the proportional-integral(PI)+repetitive controller based on parallel structure was designed.For system compensation,a second-order low-pass filter was selected to correct the system,and the network-side current harmonics were actively suppressed without increasing the filtering device,which effectively improves the quality of grid-connected current.Secondly,based on the synthetic vector method,the controller parameters were designed to realize the elimination of main pole by establishing two synchronous rotation coordinate system vector differential equations,so as to realize the inductanceless decoupling to cope with the influence of network-side inductance fluctuation on the stability of the control system under weak grid.By theoretical analysis and simulation,the proposed control strategy was embedded into the self-developed digital signal processor for the rectifier module of DC charging pile,simulated dynamic and steady-state operation experiments were conducted,and comparative analysis was performed to prove the feasibility of the proposed control strategy.
基金Supported by Fair of Science and Technical Achievements Resulted from Cooperation of Industry,Education and Academy(2009A090100003).
摘要The effect of the resistance R of Mn1.85Co0.3Ni0.85O4(MCN)thick-film negative-temperature-coefficient(NTC)thermistors on temperature T is studied carefully.Interestingly,the R–T relation is found to be decided simultaneously by the characteristic of the MCN oxide and the electrode structure of the NTC thermistor.For plane end electrodes,the R–T relation is nonlinear.However,for plane fork electrodes,the R–T relation can be linear.To clarify the intrinsic mechanism of the linear R–T relation,the electric field distribution in the MCN thick film is simulated.The obtained results suggest that the non-uniform electric field distribution between the electrodes is responsible for the R–T relation linearization.
基金supported by National Natural foundation of China(grants No.41571013)China Geology Survey project(grants No.DD20160268)
摘要The north trending rifts in southern Xizang represent the E-W extension of the plateau and confirming the initial rifting age is key to the study of mechanics of these rifts.Pagri-Duoqing Co graben is located at southern end of Yadong-Gulu rift,where the late Cenozoic sediments is predominately composed of fluvio-lacustrine and moraine.Based on the sedimentary composition and structures,the fluviolacustrine could be divided into three facies,namely,lacustrine,lacustrine fan delta and alluvial fan.The presence of paleo-currents and conglomerate components and the provenance of the strata around the graben indicate that it was Tethys Himalaya and High Himalaya.Electron spin resonance(ESR)dating and paleo-magnetic dating suggest that the age of the strata ranges from ca.1.2 Ma to ca.8 Ma.Optically stimulated luminescence(OSL)dating showed that moraine in the graben mainly developed from around181-109 ka(late Middle Pleistocene).Combining previous data about the Late Cenozoic strata in other basins,it is suggested that 8-15 Ma may be the initial rifting time.Together with sediment distribution and drainage system,the sedimentary evolution of Pagri could be divided into four stages.The graben rifted at around 15-8 Ma due to the eastern graben-boundary fault resulting in the appearance of a paleolake.Following by a geologically quiet period about 8-2.5 Ma,the paleolake expanded from east to west at around 8-6 Ma reaching its maximum at ca.6 Ma.Then,the graben was broken at about 2.5 Ma.At last,the development of the glacier separated the graben into two parts that were Pagri and Duoqing Co since the later stages of the Middle Pleistocene.The evolution process suggested that the former three stages were related to the tectonic movement,which determined the basement of the graben,while the last stage may have been influenced by glacial activity caused by climate change.
基金The National Key Research and Development Program of Ministry of Science and Technology(No.2022YFA1504602)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20211094)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22302214,21972152,U22B20137).
摘要Carbonylation reactions,crucial for carbonyl group incorporation,struggle with the inherent complexity of achieving selective mono-or double-carbonylation on single substrates,often due to competing reaction pathways.Herein,our study introduces a strategy employing palladium amides,harnessing their unique reactivity control,to direct the selective carbonylation of amines for the targeted synthesis of urea and oxamide derivatives.The palladium amide structure was elucidated using single-crystal X-ray diffraction.Controlled experiments and cyclic voltammetry studies further elucidate that the oxidation of palladium amide or its insertion into a carbonyl group diverges into distinct pathways.By employing sodium percarbonate as an eco-friendly oxidant and base,we have successfully constructed a switchable carbonylation system co-catalyzed by palladium and iodide under room temperature.The utilizing strategy in this study not only facilitates effective control over reaction selectivity but also mitigates the risk of explosions,a critical safety concern in traditional carbonylation methods.
基金This study was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81822017,82171493,52003021)the Lingang Laboratory(LG-QS-202203-10)the Shanghai Municipal Education Commission-Gaofeng Clinical Medicine Grant Support(20181715).
摘要To the Editor,Non-human primate(NHP)models are advantageous for mimicking human addiction with high behavioural validity.1 However,current NHP drug addiction models(eg,self-administration)often require a comprehensive behavioural training paradigm,relatively expensive apparatus and invasive surgical procedures.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFD0101002)the Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University Scientific Start-up Found for the Returned Overseas Chinese Scholar (2031011047)the Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University Key Cultivating Program, China (XA2014-01)
摘要Plants glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase(GPDH)catalyzes the formation of glycerol-3-phosphate,and plays an essential role in glycerolipid metabolism and stress responses.In the present study,the knock-out mutants of cytosolic GPDH(AtGPDHc2)and wild-type Arabidopsis plants were treated with 0,50,100,and 150 mmol L–1 NaCl to reveal the effects of AtGPDHc2 deficiency on salinity stress responses.The fluctuation in redox status,reactive oxygen species(ROS)and antioxidant enzymes as well as the transcripts of genes involved in the relevant processes were measured.In the presence of 100 and 150 mmol L–1 NaCl treatments,AtGPDHc2-deficient plants exhibited a pronounced reduction in germination rate,fresh weight,root length,and overall biomass.Furthermore,loss of AtGPDHc2 resulted in a significant perturbation in cellular redox state(NADH/NAD+and AsA/DHA)and consequent elevation of ROS and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances(TBARS)content.The elevated ROS level triggered substantial increases in ROS-scavenging enzymes activities,and the up-regulated transcripts of the genes(CSD1,sAPX and PER33)encoding the antioxidant enzymes were also observed.In addition,the transcript levels of COX15,AOX1A and GLDH in gpdhc2 mutants decreased in comparison to wild-type plants,which demonstrated that the deficiency of AtGPDHc2 might also has impact on mitochondrial respiration under salt stress.Together,this work provides some new evidences on illustrating the roles of AtGPDHc2 playing in response to salinity stress by regulating cellular redox homeostasis,ROS metabolism and mitochondrial respiration.
基金Projects(52571276,52275395,U24A20120,52475362)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2025JJ30015)supported by the Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation,China+3 种基金Project(2023RC3046)supported by the Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province,ChinaProject(2023YFB4605800)supported by National Key Research and Development Program of ChinaProject(2023CXQD023)supported by the Central South University Innovation-Driven Research Programme,ChinaProject supported by the State Key Laboratory of Precision Manufacturing for Extreme Service Performance,Central South University,China。
摘要Zn's natural degradability and biocompatibility make it a promising candidate for implants,however,its mechanical properties remain insufficient for bone applications.In this study,the performance of Zn was enhanced by developing Zn-Cu alloys via laser powder bed fusion(LPBF).Optimal LPBF parameters for forming stable tracks were achieved by adjusting laser power and scanning speed.Under optimized conditions of 100 W and 100 mm/s,high density(99.58%)Zn-Cu alloys with improved hardness(68.2 HV)and yield strength(160 MPa)were achieved.These improvements are attributed to solid solution strengthening,segregation strengthening,and grain refinement.The Zn-Cu alloys also demonstrated favorable degradation behavior,with a rate of 0.16 mm/year.This degradation is primarily driven by micro-galvanic corrosion between the CuZn 5 phase and Zn matrix,along with refined grains and increased grain boundary density.This work demonstrates a viable strategy for fabricating Zn-based implants with enhanced structural integrity and mechanical performance via LPBF.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant No.41571013)Project of China Geological Survey(grant No.12120114002101)
摘要Objective The nearly parallel N-S-trending rifts in southern Tibet represent the E-W extension of the Tibet Plateau. Most data which constrained the age of the extensional deformation come from isotopic dating of the dikes probably related to the activity of the nearly N-S faulting and micas from hydrothermal activity and the low- temperature thermochronology of plateau uplift. Previous research shows that there are at least three different ideas about the age of the rifts: (1) older than 16-12 Ma, (2) 14- 10 Ma, and (3) 8-4 Ma (Fig. la). For the old sedimentary strata represented the beginning of the rifting, the dating of the sediments helps to better define the initial rifting age.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51201178,U1232112 and 61376006)the Science and Technology Council of Shanghai(Nos.13ZR1447200 and14DZ2294900)the National Key Basic Research Program of China(No.2012CB825700)
摘要Atomic configuration and connectivity of Sb_2Te_3 thin film are investigated using high-energy X-ray diffraction and reverse Monte Carlo simulation. Atomic model details of Sb_2Te_3 thin film are compared with liquid and amorphous Sb_2Te_3 reported in other article. Simulations show that both Sb–Sb and Te–Te homopolar bonds are present in the models. In phase transition process,atomic configuration of the sample rearranges gradually through the forming of Sb–Te bonds and the breaking of Sb–Sb and Te–Te bonds.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.31671504 and 81421061)the Cross Research Fund of Biomedical Engineering of Shanghai Jiao Tong University(No.YG2016MS04)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai(No.13ZR1421100)the National Key Technology R&D Program of China(No.2012BAI01B09)
摘要Adenomatosis polyposis down-regulated 1(APCDD1) is a transmembrane glycoprotein that negatively regulates Wnt/β-catenin canonical signaling by binding with Wnt ligands and receptors. We analyzed the role of APCDD1 in the Wnt5a/c-Jun non-canonical signaling pathway and demonstrated that APCDD1 can interact in vitro with Wnt5a, a classical ligand, and Ror2, a receptor of non-canonical Wnt signaling. Furthermore, we verified the binding of APCDD1 and Ror2 in primary cells of mouse skin. Moreover, APCDD1 seems to form a complex with Ror2 and Vangl2 in the cell, and complex formation can be improved by adding Wnt5a. In the presence of Wnt5a and Ror2, APCDD1 can induce the phosphorylation of c-Jun, a transcription factor of Wnt5a non-canonical signaling, and its phosphorylation level is a readout of Wnt5 a signaling. Wound-healing assay shows that APCDD1 accelerates polarized cell migration during Wnt5a-induced wound closure. Therefore,it is very likely that APCDD1 regulates Wnt5a/c-Jun non-canonical signaling as co-receptor binding with both Wnt5a and Ror2.
摘要Objective:To investigate the effects of dasatinib on the maturation of monocyte-derived dendritic cells(moDCs)derived from healthy donors(HDs)and chronic myelogenous leukemia(CML)patients.Methods:Peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs)were isolated from HDs(n=10)and CML patients(n=10)who had got the remission of MR4.5 with imatinib treatment.The generation of moDCs from PBMCs was completed after 7 days of incubation inDC I culture medium,and another 3 days of incubation in DC II culture medium with or without 25nmol/L dasatinib.On the 10th day,cells were harvested and expression of molecules of maturation related marker were assessed by flow cytometry.The CD80*CD86’cell population in total cells was gated as DCs in the fluorescence-activated cell storting(FACS)analyzing system,then the expression of CD83,CD40 or HLA-DR in this population was analyzed respectively.Results:The proportion of CD80*CD86*cells in total cells didn't show a statistical difference between HD group and patient group(89.46%±9.70%vs 87.39%±9.34%,P=0.690).Dasatinib significantly enhanced the expression of the surface marker CD40(P=0.008)and HLA-DR(P=0.028)on moDCs derived from HDs compared with the control group,while the expression of CD83 on moDCs didn't show a significant difference between dasatinib group and the control group(P=0.428).Meanwhile,dasatinib significantly enhanced the expression of the surface marker CD40(P=0.023),CD83(P=0.038)and HLA-DR(P=0.001)on moDCs derived from patients compared with the control group.Conclusion:ForCML patients,the same high proportion of moDCs as HDs can be induced in vitro,which provides a basis for the application of DC-based immunotherapy strategy.Dasatinib at the concentration of 25nmol/L can efficiently promote the maturation of moDCs derived from HDs and CML patients in vitro.Dasatinib shows potential as a DC adjuvant to be applied in DC-based immunotherapy strategies,such as DC vaccine and DC cell-therapy.
基金The Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning province(Grant No.20170540730)
摘要A series of novel 2,6-dichloro-3,5-dinitrotoluene derivatives were designed, synthesized in the present study, and their antitumor activities against five cell lines(A431, HepG2, A549, HT-29 and HEK-293) were tested. Most of the compounds exhibited moderate-to-significant cytotoxicity and high selectivity against one or more cell lines in comparison with cisplatin. Studies on their preliminary structure-activity relationships(SARs) indicated that compounds containing phenyl(piperazin-1-yl) methanone groups, especially chlorine atom at 4-position of the phenyl ring, were more effective. Compound 4g was found to be the most potent derivative with IC_(50) values of 1.04, 3.20, 6.93, 4.10 and 20.15 μmol/L against A431, HepG2, A549, HT-29 and HEK-293 cell lines, respectively, which was better than positive control cisplatin, one of the most clinically used chemotherapeutic drugs.
基金Sponsored by the National High-tech R&D Program of China(Grant No.2009AA04Z404)
摘要Internal and external meshes are two of primary excitation sources which induce vibration while double-helical planetary gear sets are in transmission. Based on the analysis of tooth movement principle,three cases of mesh stiffness are derived via investigating the length of action lines,and catalogued in terms of β β_0. The simulation demonstrates mesh stiffness between gear pairs performs as a trapezoid waveform( TW) and changes along with the line of action simultaneously,total mesh stiffness comes from the superposition of each engaged gear. While governing equations of motion contained 16 DOFs( degree of freedom) are constructed and effectively solved through the combination of numerical approaches. Comparing with sinusoidal waveform mesh stiffness( SW),the results show that dynamical factors and perturbation under the excitation of TW( β < β_0) are greater and remarkable than that from SW,with respect to the mean dynamic factors about 1. 51 and 1. 28,respectively. The fluctuation response between ring- planet( R- P) is stronger than sun-planet( S-P) which is also validated by both approach studies,frequency spectra analyses identifies larger distinct rotational resonance and more frequencies under TW excitation.
基金the grant support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 21975018, 22278032)。
摘要Ammonia is gaining increasing attention as a green alternative fuel for achieving large-scale carbon emission reduction. Despite its potential technical prospects, the harsh ignition conditions and slow flame propagation speed of ammonia pose significant challenges to its application in engines. Non-equilibrium plasma has been identified as a promising method, but current research on plasma-enhanced ammonia combustion is limited and primarily focuses on ignition characteristics revealed by kinetic models. In this study, low-temperature and low-pressure chemistry in plasma-assisted ammonia oxidative pyrolysis is investigated by integrated studies of steady-state GC measurements and mathematical simulation. The detailed kinetic mechanism of NH3 decomposition in plasma-driven Ar/NH3 and Ar/NH3/O2 mixtures has been developed. The numerical model has good agreements with the experimental measurements in NH3/O2 consumption and N2/H2 generation, which demonstrates the rationality of modelling. Based on the modelling results, species density profiles, path flux and sensitivity analysis for the key plasmaproduced species such as NH2, NH, H2, OH, H, O, O(1D), O2(a1△g), O2(b1∑g+), Ar*, H-, Ar+, NH3+, O2- in the discharge and afterglow are analyzed in detail to illustrate the effectiveness of the active species on NH3 excitation and decomposition at low temperature and relatively higher E/N values. The results revealed that NH2, NH, H as well as H2 are primarily generated through the electron collision reactions e + NH3→ e + NH2+ H, e + NH3→ e + NH + H2 and the excited-argon collision reaction Ar* + NH3+ H → Ar + NH2+ 2H, which will then react with highly reactive oxidative species such as O2*, O*, O, OH, and O2 to produce stable products of NOx and H2O. NH3→ NH is found a specific pathway for NH3 consumption with plasma assistance, which further highlights the enhanced kinetic effects.