Microorganisms constitute an essential component in the indoor environment,which is closely related to hu-man health.However,there is limited evidence regarding the associations between indoor airborne microbiome and ...Microorganisms constitute an essential component in the indoor environment,which is closely related to hu-man health.However,there is limited evidence regarding the associations between indoor airborne microbiome and systemic inflammation,as well as whether this association is modified by indoor particulate matter and the underlying mechanisms.In this prospective repeated-measure study among 66 participants,indoor airborne mi-crobiome was characterized using amplicon sequencing and qPCR.Indoor fine particulate matter(PM2.5)and inhalable particulate matter(PM10)were measured.Systemic inflammatory biomarkers were assessed,including white blood cell(WBC),neutrophil(NEUT),monocyte,eosinophil counts,and their proportions.Targeted serum amino acid metabolomics were conducted to explore the underlying mechanisms.Linear mixed-effect models re-vealed that bacterial and fungal Simpson diversity were significantly associated with decreased WBC and NEUT.For example,for each interquartile range increase in the bacterial Simpson diversity,WBC and NEUT changed by-4.53%(95%CI:-8.25%,-0.66%)and-5.95%(95%CI:-11.3%,-0.27%),respectively.Notably,increased inflammatory risks of airborne microbial exposure were observed when indoor PM2.5 and PM10 levels were below the WHO air quality guidelines.Mediation analyses indicated that dopamine metabolism partially mediated the anti-inflammatory effects of fungal diversity exposure.Overall,our study indicated protection from a diverse indoor microbial environment on cardiovascular health and proposed an underlying mechanism through amino acid metabolism.Additionally,health risks associated with microbial exposure deserve more attention in con-texts of low indoor particulate matter pollution.Further research is necessary to fully disentangle the complex relationships between indoor microbiome,air pollutants,and human health.展开更多
Background:In 2022,China experienced an unprecedented heatwave event,raising concerns about the health impacts of heatwaves.This study aims to understand the devastating health risk of the exceptional heatwave in 2022...Background:In 2022,China experienced an unprecedented heatwave event,raising concerns about the health impacts of heatwaves.This study aims to understand the devastating health risk of the exceptional heatwave in 2022 by comparing heatwave-related mortality burden in 2022 with that during 2000-2021.Methods:We collected daily mortality and daily maximum temperature(DMT)during 2006-2017 in 364 locations(counties/districts)of China.Heatwave was defined as an event with 2 or more consecutive days of DMT exceeding the 92.5th percentile.We employed a distributed lag nonlinear model(DLNM)and a meta-analysis to examine the heatwave-mortality association based on the data from 364 counties/districts,and then this association was used to assess the mortality burden attributable to heatwaves during 2000-2022 in 368 cities in China.A percentage change(%)indicator,comparing the 2022 mortality burden to the average value from 2000 to 2021,was further calculated to highlight the severity of heatwaves in 2022.Results:In the past two decades,the frequency and intensity of heatwaves in China significantly increased,with the cumulative excessive degree-day increasing to 31,626 in 2022 compared with the annual average value of 13,772 during 2000-2021 across China.In 2022,we observed 62,961[95%confidence internal(CI)54,945-70,413]heatwave-related deaths in China,which was much higher than the annual average[35,987(95% CI 31,252-40,471)]attributable to heatwaves during 2000-2021.The vulnerability groups of heatwave-related mortality in 2022 primarily included patients with cardiovascular diseases[40,567(95% CI 35,313-45,404)],females[35,876(95%CI 31,035-41,005)],and people aged over 65 years[56,208(95% CI 49,023-62,864)];and greater heatwave-related mortality was found in eastern-central China.The attributable fraction(AF)of heatwave-related deaths increased from an annual average of 11.01‰(95%CI 9.56-12.38)during 2000-2021 to 18.11‰(95% CI 15.80-20.25)in 2022 with 64.43%increment(95% CI 38.10-93.78),and the increase rates were greater in Xizang Autonomous Region(159.77%,95% CI 12.84-477.87)and Sichuan Province(133.64%,95% CI 3.84-416.61).Conclusions:This study indicated that the frequency and intensity of heatwaves significantly increased in the past two decades in China,and the 2022 heatwaves were linked to a substantial mortality burden in China,with significant population and regional heterogeneity.Our findings underscore the need for developing comprehensive heat adaptation plans in the context of rapid aging and ongoing global warming.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFC3702704)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22376005,22076006 and 82073506).
摘要Microorganisms constitute an essential component in the indoor environment,which is closely related to hu-man health.However,there is limited evidence regarding the associations between indoor airborne microbiome and systemic inflammation,as well as whether this association is modified by indoor particulate matter and the underlying mechanisms.In this prospective repeated-measure study among 66 participants,indoor airborne mi-crobiome was characterized using amplicon sequencing and qPCR.Indoor fine particulate matter(PM2.5)and inhalable particulate matter(PM10)were measured.Systemic inflammatory biomarkers were assessed,including white blood cell(WBC),neutrophil(NEUT),monocyte,eosinophil counts,and their proportions.Targeted serum amino acid metabolomics were conducted to explore the underlying mechanisms.Linear mixed-effect models re-vealed that bacterial and fungal Simpson diversity were significantly associated with decreased WBC and NEUT.For example,for each interquartile range increase in the bacterial Simpson diversity,WBC and NEUT changed by-4.53%(95%CI:-8.25%,-0.66%)and-5.95%(95%CI:-11.3%,-0.27%),respectively.Notably,increased inflammatory risks of airborne microbial exposure were observed when indoor PM2.5 and PM10 levels were below the WHO air quality guidelines.Mediation analyses indicated that dopamine metabolism partially mediated the anti-inflammatory effects of fungal diversity exposure.Overall,our study indicated protection from a diverse indoor microbial environment on cardiovascular health and proposed an underlying mechanism through amino acid metabolism.Additionally,health risks associated with microbial exposure deserve more attention in con-texts of low indoor particulate matter pollution.Further research is necessary to fully disentangle the complex relationships between indoor microbiome,air pollutants,and human health.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42275187,42375180)the Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CAST(2022QNRC001)+1 种基金the Talent Support Project of Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention(2023D001)the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Collaborative Research Project on Meteorological Science and Technology(GHMA2024Z05).
摘要Background:In 2022,China experienced an unprecedented heatwave event,raising concerns about the health impacts of heatwaves.This study aims to understand the devastating health risk of the exceptional heatwave in 2022 by comparing heatwave-related mortality burden in 2022 with that during 2000-2021.Methods:We collected daily mortality and daily maximum temperature(DMT)during 2006-2017 in 364 locations(counties/districts)of China.Heatwave was defined as an event with 2 or more consecutive days of DMT exceeding the 92.5th percentile.We employed a distributed lag nonlinear model(DLNM)and a meta-analysis to examine the heatwave-mortality association based on the data from 364 counties/districts,and then this association was used to assess the mortality burden attributable to heatwaves during 2000-2022 in 368 cities in China.A percentage change(%)indicator,comparing the 2022 mortality burden to the average value from 2000 to 2021,was further calculated to highlight the severity of heatwaves in 2022.Results:In the past two decades,the frequency and intensity of heatwaves in China significantly increased,with the cumulative excessive degree-day increasing to 31,626 in 2022 compared with the annual average value of 13,772 during 2000-2021 across China.In 2022,we observed 62,961[95%confidence internal(CI)54,945-70,413]heatwave-related deaths in China,which was much higher than the annual average[35,987(95% CI 31,252-40,471)]attributable to heatwaves during 2000-2021.The vulnerability groups of heatwave-related mortality in 2022 primarily included patients with cardiovascular diseases[40,567(95% CI 35,313-45,404)],females[35,876(95%CI 31,035-41,005)],and people aged over 65 years[56,208(95% CI 49,023-62,864)];and greater heatwave-related mortality was found in eastern-central China.The attributable fraction(AF)of heatwave-related deaths increased from an annual average of 11.01‰(95%CI 9.56-12.38)during 2000-2021 to 18.11‰(95% CI 15.80-20.25)in 2022 with 64.43%increment(95% CI 38.10-93.78),and the increase rates were greater in Xizang Autonomous Region(159.77%,95% CI 12.84-477.87)and Sichuan Province(133.64%,95% CI 3.84-416.61).Conclusions:This study indicated that the frequency and intensity of heatwaves significantly increased in the past two decades in China,and the 2022 heatwaves were linked to a substantial mortality burden in China,with significant population and regional heterogeneity.Our findings underscore the need for developing comprehensive heat adaptation plans in the context of rapid aging and ongoing global warming.