目的了解甲鱼中禁限用药物的残留状况,评估上海居民通过甲鱼摄入禁限用药物的膳食暴露风险。方法利用2020—2023年上海市市售甲鱼中禁限用药物的抽检数据,采用点评估法和暴露边界比法(margin of exposure,MOE)对甲鱼中禁限用药物进行暴...目的了解甲鱼中禁限用药物的残留状况,评估上海居民通过甲鱼摄入禁限用药物的膳食暴露风险。方法利用2020—2023年上海市市售甲鱼中禁限用药物的抽检数据,采用点评估法和暴露边界比法(margin of exposure,MOE)对甲鱼中禁限用药物进行暴露评估。结果502件甲鱼中禁限用药物的总体超标率为2.79%。其中,462件甲鱼中恩诺沙星(以恩诺沙星和环丙沙星之和计)的检出率为18.18%,超标率为0.00%,含量均值为4.65μg/kg,最大值为92.80μg/kg。184件甲鱼中磺胺类(总量)的检出率为7.07%,超标率为1.09%,含量均值为12.28μg/kg,最大值为1620.00μg/kg。470件甲鱼中呋喃唑酮代谢物的超标率为1.70%,含量均值为0.56μg/kg,最大值为95.80μg/kg。168件甲鱼中氧氟沙星的超标率为1.79%,含量均值为0.94μg/kg,最大值为105.00μg/kg。135件甲鱼中诺氟沙星的超标率为0.74%,含量均值为0.11μg/kg,最大值为15.00μg/kg。甲鱼中呋喃它酮代谢物、呋喃妥因代谢物、呋喃西林代谢物、氯霉素和孔雀石绿均未检出。上海市3岁以上居民每日经甲鱼摄入恩诺沙星、磺胺类(总量)、氧氟沙星和诺氟沙星的平均暴露量和P95暴露量均小于每日允许摄入量(acceptable daily intake,ADI)。3岁以上居民每日经甲鱼摄入呋喃唑酮代谢物的平均MOE和P95 MOE均大于1×104。结论上海居民经甲鱼摄入禁限用药物的健康风险均较低。甲鱼中存在磺胺类药物、呋喃唑酮代谢物、氧氟沙星、诺氟沙星的超标现象,仍需加强靶向监管。展开更多
Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus)is the third most common pathogen causing 10.6%of bacterial foodborne illnesses in China in 2021[1].Heat-stable Staphylococcal Enterotoxins(SEs)produced by S.aureus are the main contribu...Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus)is the third most common pathogen causing 10.6%of bacterial foodborne illnesses in China in 2021[1].Heat-stable Staphylococcal Enterotoxins(SEs)produced by S.aureus are the main contributors to staphylococcal food poisoning(SFP),causing vomiting,diarrhea,abdominal pain,headache,muscle cramps,and other acute gastroenteritis symptoms.More than 25 SEs and staphylococcal enterotoxin-like toxins(SE/s)have been described and which together comprise a superfamily of pyrogenic toxin superantigens(SAgs)[2].展开更多
基金supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China(2022YFD1800400).
摘要Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus)is the third most common pathogen causing 10.6%of bacterial foodborne illnesses in China in 2021[1].Heat-stable Staphylococcal Enterotoxins(SEs)produced by S.aureus are the main contributors to staphylococcal food poisoning(SFP),causing vomiting,diarrhea,abdominal pain,headache,muscle cramps,and other acute gastroenteritis symptoms.More than 25 SEs and staphylococcal enterotoxin-like toxins(SE/s)have been described and which together comprise a superfamily of pyrogenic toxin superantigens(SAgs)[2].