Food fraud is an increasingly prevalent deliberate act of deception for profit.Hence,it is highly necessary to develop robust analytical methods to assess the authenticity of foods.In recent years,the geographical ori...Food fraud is an increasingly prevalent deliberate act of deception for profit.Hence,it is highly necessary to develop robust analytical methods to assess the authenticity of foods.In recent years,the geographical origin authenticity of fruits has attracted considerable public concern.The geographical origin of fruit is generally determined based on specific indicators such as elements,stable isotopes,and metabolites.Many studies have demonstrated that mineral elements and stable isotope ratios are effective indicators for geographical origin authentication as they are directly related to the geographical environment.Other techniques,such as spectroscopy and chromatography,also exhibit promising potential for fruit origin discrimination and authenticity assessment.Omics technologies have emerged as a key approach for authenticating the geographical origin of fruit.The integration of instrumental analysis techniques with machine learning enables highprecision discrimination of fruit geographical origin,and the growing trend toward combining multiple analytical techniques further enhances identification accuracy.Commonly used methods for geographical origin authentication include linear techniques such as PCA,PLS-DA,and LDA.Machine learning algorithms,including SVM,RF,and ANN,have also been applied to identify fruit origin with high accuracy.Future developments in this field should prioritize the consideration of agricultural practices to ensure reliable and practical authentication.展开更多
目的建立以消费者为中心的中小型西瓜和水蜜桃新鲜度评价技术体系和分等分级规范。方法以地方性中小型西瓜和水蜜桃代表“8424”“金山小皇冠”和“南汇水蜜桃”作为研究对象,通过感官、理化和无损分析多维度评价方法探究其新鲜度变化...目的建立以消费者为中心的中小型西瓜和水蜜桃新鲜度评价技术体系和分等分级规范。方法以地方性中小型西瓜和水蜜桃代表“8424”“金山小皇冠”和“南汇水蜜桃”作为研究对象,通过感官、理化和无损分析多维度评价方法探究其新鲜度变化规律。结果经西瓜新鲜度评价,瓜蒂状态、香气与果肉质地权重较高,瓜蒂评分和失重率与时间拟合良好(r2>0.90),番茄红素等理化指标组间差异显著但无明确时间分级规律。水蜜桃在4℃与25℃储藏下,果面缺陷、干缩程度等感官指标影响突出;糖酸比、硬度等理化指标组间有差异,仅维生素C含量随时间线性下降。图像特征相关性分析表明西瓜瓜蒂红绿蓝值(red green blue,RGB)、长度等图像特征与时间显著相关(|r2|>0.7),水蜜桃绒毛状比率等9项特征亦具强相关性。结论结合相关性、权重、无损特征分析和应用可操作性提出西瓜整瓜(瓜蒂状态、果皮状态、失重率)与剖面(果肉形态、口感、汁水性)各3项分级指标,以及水蜜桃在不同温度下以果皮状态、绒毛状态、质地和维生素C含量为核心的分级依据。该评价体系指标清晰、操作简便,可为地方特色农产品生产与销售标准化提供参考。展开更多
Metabolomics is essential for analyzing small molecules in food.Effective extraction and separation technology,along with reliable and efficient analytical tools,are essential for enhancing both the quantity and accur...Metabolomics is essential for analyzing small molecules in food.Effective extraction and separation technology,along with reliable and efficient analytical tools,are essential for enhancing both the quantity and accuracy of compound analysis.Traditional methods relying on single-solvent extraction and singlecolumn separation often result in target omission and reduced annotation coverage.This study presents a'Divide,Conquer,and Integrate Strategy'for comprehensive untargeted metabolomics in fruits,vegetables,and their products.The method uses three extraction techniques to capture metabolites across a broad polarity range.Each extract is separated using specific chromatographic columns and mobile phases to ensure high annotation coverage.Data are collected via high-resolution mass spectrometry in both positive and negative ion modes,and analyzed using MS-DIAL and MetaboAnalystR.This integrated approach enhances metabolite discovery and annotation accuracy,with low overlap of metabolites annotated by different extraction methods.展开更多
基金supported by the Shandong Key R&D Plan(Agricultural Variety Project),China(2022LZGCQY008)the National Program for Quality and Safety Risk Assessment of Agricultural Products of China(GJFP20230210)+1 种基金the Research Foundation for Evaluation of Quality Specification&Nutritional Function of Agricultural Products,China(PJ2023019)the Scientific Research Foundation for High Level Talents of Qingdao Agricultural University,China(6651120015)。
摘要Food fraud is an increasingly prevalent deliberate act of deception for profit.Hence,it is highly necessary to develop robust analytical methods to assess the authenticity of foods.In recent years,the geographical origin authenticity of fruits has attracted considerable public concern.The geographical origin of fruit is generally determined based on specific indicators such as elements,stable isotopes,and metabolites.Many studies have demonstrated that mineral elements and stable isotope ratios are effective indicators for geographical origin authentication as they are directly related to the geographical environment.Other techniques,such as spectroscopy and chromatography,also exhibit promising potential for fruit origin discrimination and authenticity assessment.Omics technologies have emerged as a key approach for authenticating the geographical origin of fruit.The integration of instrumental analysis techniques with machine learning enables highprecision discrimination of fruit geographical origin,and the growing trend toward combining multiple analytical techniques further enhances identification accuracy.Commonly used methods for geographical origin authentication include linear techniques such as PCA,PLS-DA,and LDA.Machine learning algorithms,including SVM,RF,and ANN,have also been applied to identify fruit origin with high accuracy.Future developments in this field should prioritize the consideration of agricultural practices to ensure reliable and practical authentication.
摘要目的建立以消费者为中心的中小型西瓜和水蜜桃新鲜度评价技术体系和分等分级规范。方法以地方性中小型西瓜和水蜜桃代表“8424”“金山小皇冠”和“南汇水蜜桃”作为研究对象,通过感官、理化和无损分析多维度评价方法探究其新鲜度变化规律。结果经西瓜新鲜度评价,瓜蒂状态、香气与果肉质地权重较高,瓜蒂评分和失重率与时间拟合良好(r2>0.90),番茄红素等理化指标组间差异显著但无明确时间分级规律。水蜜桃在4℃与25℃储藏下,果面缺陷、干缩程度等感官指标影响突出;糖酸比、硬度等理化指标组间有差异,仅维生素C含量随时间线性下降。图像特征相关性分析表明西瓜瓜蒂红绿蓝值(red green blue,RGB)、长度等图像特征与时间显著相关(|r2|>0.7),水蜜桃绒毛状比率等9项特征亦具强相关性。结论结合相关性、权重、无损特征分析和应用可操作性提出西瓜整瓜(瓜蒂状态、果皮状态、失重率)与剖面(果肉形态、口感、汁水性)各3项分级指标,以及水蜜桃在不同温度下以果皮状态、绒毛状态、质地和维生素C含量为核心的分级依据。该评价体系指标清晰、操作简便,可为地方特色农产品生产与销售标准化提供参考。
基金funded by National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2022YFD2100805).
摘要Metabolomics is essential for analyzing small molecules in food.Effective extraction and separation technology,along with reliable and efficient analytical tools,are essential for enhancing both the quantity and accuracy of compound analysis.Traditional methods relying on single-solvent extraction and singlecolumn separation often result in target omission and reduced annotation coverage.This study presents a'Divide,Conquer,and Integrate Strategy'for comprehensive untargeted metabolomics in fruits,vegetables,and their products.The method uses three extraction techniques to capture metabolites across a broad polarity range.Each extract is separated using specific chromatographic columns and mobile phases to ensure high annotation coverage.Data are collected via high-resolution mass spectrometry in both positive and negative ion modes,and analyzed using MS-DIAL and MetaboAnalystR.This integrated approach enhances metabolite discovery and annotation accuracy,with low overlap of metabolites annotated by different extraction methods.