Current treatments for neuropathic pain are suboptimal,necessitating the search for more effective therapeutics.Our previous study showed that inhibition of neuroinflammation in the spinal cord induced analgesic effec...Current treatments for neuropathic pain are suboptimal,necessitating the search for more effective therapeutics.Our previous study showed that inhibition of neuroinflammation in the spinal cord induced analgesic effects,and focal repetitive trans-spinal magnetic stimulation showed an anti-neuroinflammatory effect in spinal cord injury rat models.Here,we speculated that repetitive trans-spinal magnetic stimulation might induce an anti-inflammatory effect to alleviate neuropathic pain by upregulating calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase beta(CaMKKβ)/adenosine 5′-monophosphate-activated protein kinase(AMPK)/suppressor of cytokine signaling-3(SOCS3)signaling in microglia.Experiments have found that non-invasive focal repetitive trans-spinal magnetic stimulation effectively alleviates mechanical allodynia and spinal neuroinflammation in rats with neuropathic pain induced by chronic sciatic nerve ligation.Further research found that repetitive trans-spinal magnetic stimulation upregulated the expression of SOCS3 in spinal microglia,which subsequently inhibited the phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 and nuclear factor-kappa B p65 nuclear translocation in rats with neuropathic pain,thereby suppressing neuroinflammation.The upregulation of SOCS3 by repetitive trans-spinal magnetic stimulation may be achieved through the activation of the CaMKKβ/AMPK signaling pathway in microglia.The results suggested that focal repetitive trans-spinal magnetic stimulation inhibits spinal neuroinflammation and alleviates neuropathic pain by activating the CaMKKβ/AMPK/SOCS3 signaling pathway in spinal microglia.This mechanism provides an effective noninvasive treatment for neuropathic pain caused by peripheral nerve injury.展开更多
Emerging evidence discloses the involvement of calcium channel protein in the pathological process of liver diseases.Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily C member 3(TRPC3),a ubiquitously expressed non...Emerging evidence discloses the involvement of calcium channel protein in the pathological process of liver diseases.Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily C member 3(TRPC3),a ubiquitously expressed non-selective cation channel protein,controls proliferation,inflammation,and immune response via operating calcium influx in various organs.However,our understanding on the biofunction of hepatic TRPC3 is still limited.The present study aims to clarify the role and potential mechanism(s)of TRPC3 in alcohol-associated liver disease(ALD).We recently found that TRPC3 expression plays an important role in the disease process of ALD.Alcohol exposure led to a significant reduction of hepatic TRPC3 in patients with alcohol-related hepatitis(AH)and ALD models.Antioxidants(N-acetylcysteine and mitoquinone)intervention improved alcohol-induced suppression of TRPC3 via a miR-339-5p-involved mechanism.TRPC3 loss robustly aggravated the alcohol-induced hepatic steatosis and liver injury in mouse liver;this was associated with the suppression of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase 2(CAMKK2)/AMP-activated protein kinase(AMPK)and dysregulation of genes related to lipid metabolism.TRPC3 loss also enhanced hepatic inflammation and early fibrosis-like change in mice.Replenishing hepatic TRPC3 effectively reversed chronic alcohol-induced detrimental alterations in ALD mice.Briefly,chronic alcohol exposure-induced TRPC3 reduction contributes to the pathological development of ALD via suppression of the CAMKK2/AMPK pathway.Oxidative stress-stimulated miR-339-5p upregulation contributes to alcohol-reduced TRPC3.TRPC3 is the requisite and a potential target to defend alcohol consumption-caused ALD.展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.82302877(to QW),82172541(to TW)the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province,No.2023JJ30549(to QW)Clinical Medical Technology Innovation Guidance Project of Hunan Provincial Science and Technology Department,No.2021SK51815(to QW).
摘要Current treatments for neuropathic pain are suboptimal,necessitating the search for more effective therapeutics.Our previous study showed that inhibition of neuroinflammation in the spinal cord induced analgesic effects,and focal repetitive trans-spinal magnetic stimulation showed an anti-neuroinflammatory effect in spinal cord injury rat models.Here,we speculated that repetitive trans-spinal magnetic stimulation might induce an anti-inflammatory effect to alleviate neuropathic pain by upregulating calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase beta(CaMKKβ)/adenosine 5′-monophosphate-activated protein kinase(AMPK)/suppressor of cytokine signaling-3(SOCS3)signaling in microglia.Experiments have found that non-invasive focal repetitive trans-spinal magnetic stimulation effectively alleviates mechanical allodynia and spinal neuroinflammation in rats with neuropathic pain induced by chronic sciatic nerve ligation.Further research found that repetitive trans-spinal magnetic stimulation upregulated the expression of SOCS3 in spinal microglia,which subsequently inhibited the phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 and nuclear factor-kappa B p65 nuclear translocation in rats with neuropathic pain,thereby suppressing neuroinflammation.The upregulation of SOCS3 by repetitive trans-spinal magnetic stimulation may be achieved through the activation of the CaMKKβ/AMPK signaling pathway in microglia.The results suggested that focal repetitive trans-spinal magnetic stimulation inhibits spinal neuroinflammation and alleviates neuropathic pain by activating the CaMKKβ/AMPK/SOCS3 signaling pathway in spinal microglia.This mechanism provides an effective noninvasive treatment for neuropathic pain caused by peripheral nerve injury.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81973041,82273625,82103839,and 82103838)Zhejiang Natural Science Foundation(LR20H260001 and LZ21H030001)Zhejiang Chinese Medicine University Postgraduate Scientific Research Fund Project(2022YKJ17).
摘要Emerging evidence discloses the involvement of calcium channel protein in the pathological process of liver diseases.Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily C member 3(TRPC3),a ubiquitously expressed non-selective cation channel protein,controls proliferation,inflammation,and immune response via operating calcium influx in various organs.However,our understanding on the biofunction of hepatic TRPC3 is still limited.The present study aims to clarify the role and potential mechanism(s)of TRPC3 in alcohol-associated liver disease(ALD).We recently found that TRPC3 expression plays an important role in the disease process of ALD.Alcohol exposure led to a significant reduction of hepatic TRPC3 in patients with alcohol-related hepatitis(AH)and ALD models.Antioxidants(N-acetylcysteine and mitoquinone)intervention improved alcohol-induced suppression of TRPC3 via a miR-339-5p-involved mechanism.TRPC3 loss robustly aggravated the alcohol-induced hepatic steatosis and liver injury in mouse liver;this was associated with the suppression of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase 2(CAMKK2)/AMP-activated protein kinase(AMPK)and dysregulation of genes related to lipid metabolism.TRPC3 loss also enhanced hepatic inflammation and early fibrosis-like change in mice.Replenishing hepatic TRPC3 effectively reversed chronic alcohol-induced detrimental alterations in ALD mice.Briefly,chronic alcohol exposure-induced TRPC3 reduction contributes to the pathological development of ALD via suppression of the CAMKK2/AMPK pathway.Oxidative stress-stimulated miR-339-5p upregulation contributes to alcohol-reduced TRPC3.TRPC3 is the requisite and a potential target to defend alcohol consumption-caused ALD.