High-voltage Li-rich Mn-based oxide(LRMO)cathodes are promising for breaking through the energy density limits of lithium-ion batteries,yet their practical application remains limited by electrochemical performance de...High-voltage Li-rich Mn-based oxide(LRMO)cathodes are promising for breaking through the energy density limits of lithium-ion batteries,yet their practical application remains limited by electrochemical performance degradation caused by unstable cathode-electrolyte interphase(CEI)evolution during longterm cycling.To address this issue,we propose a novel surface modification strategy using La0.7Sr0.3MnO3-σ(LSMO)nanodots,which exhibit high electronic co nductivity and excellent corrosion resistance.These nanodots act as stable anchoring sites,facilitating the formation of a robust CEI on LRMO,The LSMOmodified cathode demonstrates significantly improved anionic redox reversibility,effectively mitigating transition metal migration and lattice oxygen loss.Furthermore,the optimized interfacial electrochemical kinetics ensure sustained rapid Li+diffusion throughout cycling,while the formation of a stable trilayer CEI structure suppresses electrolyte decomposition.Benefiting from these synergistic effects,the LSMO nanodot-engineered LRMO cathode delivers outstanding cycling stability,retaining 97.4%capacity after 300 cycles at 1 C.This work not only highlights the critical role of nanodot heterostructures in stabilizing CEI but also provides a new approach to designing high-voltage cathodes with superior interfacial compatibility and long-term durability.展开更多
Long-life energy storage batteries are integral to energy storage systems and electric vehicles,with lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)currently being the preferred option for extended usage-life energy storage.To further ex...Long-life energy storage batteries are integral to energy storage systems and electric vehicles,with lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)currently being the preferred option for extended usage-life energy storage.To further extend the life span of LIBs,it is essential to intensify investments in battery design,manufacturing processes,and the advancement of ancillary materials.The pursuit of long durability introduces new challenges for battery energy density.The advent of electrode material offers effective support in enhancing the battery’s long-duration performance.Often underestimated as part of the cathode composition,the binder plays a pivotal role in the longevity and electrochemical performance of the electrode.Maintaining the mechanical integrity of the electrode through judicious binder design is a fundamental requirement for achieving consistent long-life cycles and high energy density.This paper primarily concentrates on the commonly employed cathode systems in lithium-ion batteries,elucidates the significance of binders for both,discusses the application status,strengths,and weaknesses of novel binders,and ultimately puts forth corresponding optimization strategies.It underscores the critical function of binders in enhancing battery performance and advancing the sustainable development of lithium-ion batteries,aiming to offer fresh insights and perspectives for the design of high-performance LIBs.展开更多
Nickel-rich layered oxides are considered highly promising cathode materials for all-solid-state batteries(ASSBs)due to their high theoretical specific capacity and energy density.In this study,a comparison between po...Nickel-rich layered oxides are considered highly promising cathode materials for all-solid-state batteries(ASSBs)due to their high theoretical specific capacity and energy density.In this study,a comparison between polycrystalline and single-crystalline cathode materials was conducted.It was found that,during the charging process,ion transport at the interface of polycrystalline cathodes is significantly influenced by phase transitions and side reactions with the electrolyte,resulting in an irreversible increase in impedance after cycling.Furthermore,the structural stability of the cathode material affects internal ion diffusion kinetics,thereby influencing its electrochemical performance.Unlike single-crystalline materials,ion migration in polycrystalline materials must traverse anisotropic grain boundaries,which,due to anisotropic lattice contraction,evolve into intergranular cracks,leading to reduced ion diffusion kinetics and degraded electrochemical performance.In contrast,single-crystalline cathodes exhibit more stable interfacial resistance and uniform ion transport during charging,ensuring structural stability over longterm cycling.Consequently,at a 0.5 C rate,the single-crystalline cathode maintains a specific capacity of143 m Ah/g after 500 cycles,with a capacity retention of 89.2%,while preserving its intact single-crystal morphology.This study provides valuable new insights into the localized lithium-ion transport behavior in single-crystalline and polycrystalline cathode materials for sulfide-based all-solid-state batteries.展开更多
The outstanding performance of O3-type NaNi1/3Fe1/3Mn1/3O2(NFM111)at both high and low temperatures coupled with its impressive specific capacity makes it an excellent cathode material for sodium-ion batte...The outstanding performance of O3-type NaNi1/3Fe1/3Mn1/3O2(NFM111)at both high and low temperatures coupled with its impressive specific capacity makes it an excellent cathode material for sodium-ion batteries.However,its poor cycling,owing to highpressure phase transitions,is one of its disadvantages.In this study,Cu/Ti was introduced into NFM111 cathode material using a solidphase method.Through both theoretically and experimentally,this study found that Cu doping provides a higher redox potential in NFM111,improving its reversible capacity and charge compensation process.The introduction of Ti would enhance the cycling stability of the material,smooth its charge and discharge curves,and suppress its high-voltage phase transitions.Accordingly,the NaNi0.27Fe0.28Mn0.33Cu0.05Ti0.06O2sample used in the study exhibited a remarkable rate performance of 142.97 mAh·g-1at 0.1 C(2.0-4.2 V)and an excellent capacity retention of 72.81%after 300 cycles at 1C(1C=150 mA·g-1).展开更多
A stable cathode-electrolyte interphase(CEI)significantly enhances the durability of lithium-ion batteries;however,the intricate chemistry underlying its formation makes predesign exceedingly challenging.This work dem...A stable cathode-electrolyte interphase(CEI)significantly enhances the durability of lithium-ion batteries;however,the intricate chemistry underlying its formation makes predesign exceedingly challenging.This work demonstrates that surface oxygen vacancy(OV)concentration dually regulates CEI thickness and composition.We develop an in situ strategy where Li2C4O4incorporation into LiCoO2(LCO)spontaneously decomposes during cycling,generating surface OVs.Combined experimental and theoretical calculations reveal these OVs enhance interfacial electron/Li⁺migration rates while stabilizing the CEI.Notably,through 18O isotope labeling with time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry,we innovatively provide direct experimental evidence that surface lattice oxygen serves as the predominant oxygen source for CEI oxygen-containing decomposition products,establishing the mechanism for OV-mediated CEI modulation.Based on this theory,the linear correlation and causal relationship among Li2C2O4content,surface OV concentration,and LiF/LixPOyFz ratio in CEI are revealed.This strategy endows the OV-rich LCO cathode with 71.1%capacity retention after 600 cycles at 1 C within 3-4.4 V(23.9%for bare LCO)and achieves universal validation at 4.5 V and in LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2(NCM811).This study elucidates the critical function of surface OVs in prolonging cycle life and establishes a new design principle for tailored cathode interfaces and CEI chemistry.展开更多
High-nickel layered oxides are considered key cathode materials for high-energy-density lithium-ion batteries due to their high specific capacity.However,the spin state localization of Ni3+(t2g6eg1)lead...High-nickel layered oxides are considered key cathode materials for high-energy-density lithium-ion batteries due to their high specific capacity.However,the spin state localization of Ni3+(t2g6eg1)leads to severe Jahn-Teller distortion and structural degradation,limiting their cycling stability.This study proposes a high-entropy transition metal(TM)regulation strategy,which introduces multicomponent vacant orbital TM ions(Mn,Ti,Nb,Ta,W,and Mo)to construct a Ni-OO-TM electronic resonance network,promoting the delocalization of Ni3+eg electrons,thereby suppressing spin disorder and enhancing structural stability.On the basis of this,a high-entropy high-nickel cathode material(HE-LNF,LiNi0.8Fe0.14Mn0.01Ti0.01Nb0.01Ta0.01W0.01Mo0.01O2)was designed.Combining first-principles calculations with experimental characterization,the weakening effect of electronic resonance on magnetic frustration was revealed:This effect increases the phase transition temperature to 294.23℃ by reducing the amplitude of lattice vibrations,while electronic delocalization reduces local nuclear repulsion,maintaining excellent structural stability with minimal lattice strain evolution after cycling.Electrochemical testing shows that HE-LNF maintains a capacity retention rate of 91%after 100 cycles at a 0.33-C rate,significantly outperforming traditional high-nickel materials.This study provides new insights into the design of high-stability high-nickel cathodes based on electronic structure regulation.展开更多
Nickel-rich cathodes(NRCs)hold great promise for next-generation high-energy lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)due to high specific energy and low cost.However,the higher Ni content exacerbates the instability issues associa...Nickel-rich cathodes(NRCs)hold great promise for next-generation high-energy lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)due to high specific energy and low cost.However,the higher Ni content exacerbates the instability issues associated with structural degradation and side reactions during electrochemical cycling.Herein,we demonstrate the possibility of preparing NRCs,typically Li Ni0.9Co0.05Mn0.05O2(NCM9055),with much-improved mechanical and chemical stability based on the surface coating of the hydroxide precursors.Specifically,a conformal nanoshell containing both Al3+and W6+was first deposited around the precursor particles,and the following high-temperature lithiation produced the targeted NCM9055 with favorable structural features,where Al3+existed as a bulk dopant to enhance the structural stability while the high-valent W6+promoted the microstructural evolution into radially-architectured elongated primary particles.Such a structural engineering benefiting from the Al3+/W6+co-modification endowed the prepared NCM9055 cathode(NCM9055-Al W)with much-improved cycling stability,as revealed by a high-capacity retention of 98.0%after 100 cycles(tested at 0.5 C,4.3 V)as compared to only 79.0%for the pristine cathode without Al3+/W6+.The NCM9055-15Al W cathode also showed a high-rate capability with extraordinary structural stability against mechanical failure.Our study highlighted the enormous potential of precursor multi-element treatment as an effective tool in structural refinement of NRCs to circumvent their stability challenge for their applications in high-energy LIBs.展开更多
Vacuum carbon thermal reduction has been widely studied for the recovery of ternary lithium batteries,and there are many choices for the type of carbon to be reduced in this method,such as expensive carbon nanotubes a...Vacuum carbon thermal reduction has been widely studied for the recovery of ternary lithium batteries,and there are many choices for the type of carbon to be reduced in this method,such as expensive carbon nanotubes and inexpensive battery anode carbon.In this paper,the vacuum reduction of ternary lithium batteries cathode materials by carbon nanotubes was investigated,and it was confirmed that carbon nanotubes,as a high-quality carbon with high carbon content and large specific surface area,can achieve very excellent reduction results.Using concentrated sulfuric acid with a concentration of 98%and H₂O₂with a concentration of 60%,swollen anode carbon as the reduced carbon,the direct yields of Li and Mn were above 99%at a vacuum of 10 Pa,a temperature of 1623 K,a pressurized material pressure of 0 MPa,and a roasting time of 90 min,similar to the effect of expensive carbon nanotubes,and the roasting time was lower than that of the unetched anode carbon.This process improves the reduction efficiency and saves energy consumption in vacuum carbothermal reduction of waste ternary lithium batteries cathode materials.展开更多
The development of high-voltage aqueous zinc-ion batteries(AZIBs)is primarily hindered by the lack of suitable cathode materials and electrolytes that can work in broad voltage windows.Herein,we propose a synergistic ...The development of high-voltage aqueous zinc-ion batteries(AZIBs)is primarily hindered by the lack of suitable cathode materials and electrolytes that can work in broad voltage windows.Herein,we propose a synergistic strategy that concurrently addresses these challenges through the integration of an amorphous vanadium oxyphosphate/graphene(A-VOP/G)cathode with a propylene carbonate(PC)-based hybrid electrolyte.Notably,the amorphous framework of A-VOP provides abundant ion transfer pathways and enhanced structural flexibility,whereas the graphene scaffold ensures high electronic conductivity and suppresses material agglomeration.Moreover,mechanistic studies reveal that the PC co-solvent participates in the Zn2+solvation sheath,which significantly mitigates water-induced side reactions.Simultaneously,the introduction of PC components effectively disrupts the hydrogen-bond network of water,thereby suppressing parasitic reactions and broadening the electrochemical stability window.As a result,the A-VOP/G cathode in the optimized hybrid electrolyte delivers a high discharge capacity of 159.6 mAh g-1 at 1 A g-1,an elevated operating voltage of 1.43 V,and remarkable cycling stability.This work demonstrates the profound potential of integrated cathode and electrolyte design in developing stable high-voltage AZIBs.展开更多
Manganese-based Prussian blue analogues(PBAs)for sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)are plagued by sluggish kinetics and structural instability stemming from Jahn-Teller distortion.Herein,an entropy-mediated Prussian blue(Na0....Manganese-based Prussian blue analogues(PBAs)for sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)are plagued by sluggish kinetics and structural instability stemming from Jahn-Teller distortion.Herein,an entropy-mediated Prussian blue(Na0.98Mn0.16Fe0.13Ni0.71[Fe(CN)6]0.902.73H2O,NaMFNHCF)is proposed as cathode material for SIBs.A‘ligand field-regulated d-π*orbital synergy and electron re-localization'effect is generated because the unique electronic configuration of Ni2+enables effective overlap between its eg orbitals and the empty anti-bondingπorbitals of the cyanide group.This not only forms a highly conjugated and delocalized“Fe(t2g)–C■N(π*)–Ni(eg)”electron network,thus significantly enhancing electron transport dynamics,but also achieves electron re-localization on the Ni–N bonds with stronger rigidity,thereby strengthening structural stability.Thus,the complex phase evolution of“monoclinic+rhombo hedral↔cubic↔tetragonal”can be completely restrained by entropy stabilization and electron relocalization effects.Thus,Na-ion storage in NaMFNHCF is proceeded via a zero-stress solid-solution mechanism using Mn and Fe-ions as redox centers for charge compensation with ultra-fast electron and Na-ion transfer kinetics.Consequently,NaMFNHCF contributes a high initial energy density of262.2 Wh kg-1,superior rate capability,and ultra-long lifespans of over 6000 and 5000 cycles with ultra-low decay rates of 0.007%and 0.0058%per cycle in half-and full-batteries,respectively.展开更多
Rechargeable aluminium-ion batteries(RAIBs)are promising candidates for sustainable energy storage owing to their low cost,safety,and resource abundance.However,the lack of durable cathode materials restricts their de...Rechargeable aluminium-ion batteries(RAIBs)are promising candidates for sustainable energy storage owing to their low cost,safety,and resource abundance.However,the lack of durable cathode materials restricts their development.Here,we propose a topology-guided design strategy by synthesizing three thioether-bridged naphthoquinone polymers from 1,4-naphthoquinone.Structural characterization combined with density functional theory calculations confirms that polymerization reduces crystallinity,enhances thermal stability,and extendsπ-conjugation,with the para-topology providing the most favorable configuration and strongest AlCl2+coordination.The nearly planar para-naphthoquinone polymer(p-PNQ)exhibits an extended conjugated backbone,reduced bandgap,and uniform electrostatic potential distribution.Electrochemical tests reveal that p-PNQ delivers 146 mAh g-1 initially at 0.1 A g-1 and a 97.2%retention after 500 cycles,surpassing pristine 1,4-NQ and o-/m-isomers.Ex situ analyses confirm that redox activity originates from reversible coordination between carbonyl groups and AlCl2+species.This study establishes molecular topology as a key parameter for designing organic cathodes,and demonstrates that topology-controlled strategies enable durable,high-performance cathodes for energy storage in RAIBs.展开更多
As the core of cathode materials,sensitive metals play important roles in the optimization of acetate production from carbon dioxide(CO2)in microbial electrochemical system(MES).In this work,iron(Fe),copper(Cu),and...As the core of cathode materials,sensitive metals play important roles in the optimization of acetate production from carbon dioxide(CO2)in microbial electrochemical system(MES).In this work,iron(Fe),copper(Cu),and nickel(Ni)as sensitive metal cathode materials were evaluated for CO2 conversion in MES.The MES with Feelectrode as a promising electrode material demonstrated a superior CO2 reduction performance with a maximum acetate accumulation of 417.9±39.2 mg/L,which was 1.5 and 1.7 folds higher than that in the Ni-electrode and Cu-electrode groups,respectively.Furthermore,an outstanding electron recovery efficiency of 67.7%was shown in the Fe-electrode group.The electron transfer between electrode-suspended sludge was systematically cross-evaluated by the electrochemical behavior and extracellular polymeric substances.The Fe-electrode group had the highest electron transfer rate with 0.194 s-1(kapp),which was 17.6 and 21.5 times higher than that of the Cu-and Ni-electrode groups,respectively.Fe-electrode was beneficial for reducing electrochemical impedance between the electrode and suspended sludge.Additionally,redox substances in extracellular polymeric substances of the Fe-electrode group were increased,implying more favorable electron transport dynamics.Simultaneously,enrichments of functional bacteria Acetoanerobium and increased key enzymes involved in the carbonyl pathway of the Fe-electrode group were observed,which also promoted CO2 conversion in MES.This study provides a perspective on evaluating the promising sensitive metal electrode material for the process of CO2 valorization in MES and offers a reference for the subsequent electrode modification.展开更多
Developing advanced cathode modification strategies to address the inherent high charge density of Al3+ is essential for achieving high-energy-density and long-cycle-life rechargeable aluminum batteries(RABs).Herei...Developing advanced cathode modification strategies to address the inherent high charge density of Al3+ is essential for achieving high-energy-density and long-cycle-life rechargeable aluminum batteries(RABs).Herein,we engineer tetraethylammonium(TEA)cation intercalation as a dual-function strategy that concurrently enables interlayer distance enlargement and electrostatic shielding effects,resolving Al3+ polarization-induced sluggish kinetics and cathode degradation in RABs.TEA intercalation triggers exceptional V2O5 interlayer expansion from 4.37 to 13.10Å,while the modulated charge distribution generates an electrostatic shielding effect that significantly weakens the Coulombic interactions between Al3+ and V2O5 frameworks.This dual mechanism collectively enhances ion diffusion kinetics and suppresses lattice stress accumulation.Ex situ X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy analyses confirm that the“molecular pillar effect”of TEA enables minimal and highly reversible structural deformation of the cathode(<2.0%volume change after 200 cycles),demonstrating zero-strain aluminum-storage behavior.The optimized cathode delivers a high reversible capacity of 258 mAh g−1 at 0.5 A g−1,maintains 99%capacity retention at 5.0 A g−1,and exhibits an ultralow capacity decay rate of 0.01%per cycle over 6000 cycles.This work opens new pathways for designing stable high-performance RAB cathodes through synergistic modulation of electronic and lattice structures.展开更多
Carbon-based air cathodes offer low cost,high electrical conductivity,and structural tunability.However,they suffer from limited catalytic activity and inefficient gas transport,and they typically rely on noble metal ...Carbon-based air cathodes offer low cost,high electrical conductivity,and structural tunability.However,they suffer from limited catalytic activity and inefficient gas transport,and they typically rely on noble metal additives or complex multilayer configurations.To tackle these issues,this study devised a self-activated integrated carbon-based air cathode.By integrating in situ catalytic site construction with structural optimization,the strategy not only induces the formation of oxygen functional groups(─C─OH,─C═O,─COOH),hierarchical pores,and uniformly distributed active sites,but also establishes a favorable electronic and mass-transport environment.Furthermore,the roll-pressing-based integrated design streamlines electrode construction,reinforces interfacial bonding,and significantly enhances mechanical stability.Density functional theory(DFT)calculations show that oxygen functional groups initiate hydrogen bonding interaction and promote charge enrichment,which improves the activity of the cathode and facilitates intermediate adsorption/desorption in oxygen reduction and evolution reactions processes.As a result,the integrated air cathode-based rechargeable zinc-air batteries(RZABs)achieve a high specific capacity of 811 mAh g-1.It also performs well in quasi-solid-state RZABs and silicon-air batteries systems across a wide temperature range,demonstrating strong adaptability and application potential.This study provides a scalable and cost-effective design strategy for high-performance carbon-based air cathodes,offering new insights into advancing durable and practical metal-air energy systems.展开更多
Regulating the composition and valence states of layered O3-phase sodium-ion battery cathode materials can effectively mitigate issues related to complex phase transitions and poor air stability.However,further resear...Regulating the composition and valence states of layered O3-phase sodium-ion battery cathode materials can effectively mitigate issues related to complex phase transitions and poor air stability.However,further research is needed to optimize the controllable design of these structures and to better understand the transition mechanisms between different hierarchical phases.Herein,precise regulation of radial sodium-ion concentration,phase structure,and transition metal average valence of P/O cathode was realized through precursor-based secondary heterogeneous coprecipitation and solid-state sintering.Radial scanning transmission electron microscopy and electron energy loss spectroscopy characterization confirmed elemental migration during sintering,resulting in a gradient distribution of sodium content,phase structure,and transition metal valence states.This radially gradient continuous P2/O3-O3composite without obvious phase interface reduces the barrier of sodium-ion transport at the phase interface to mitigates volume changes from O3-O3′phase transitions,inhibits Na+/H+exchange and acid erosion,and enhances moisture/carbon dioxide resistance,kinetic performance,and cycling stability.Consequently,after 10 h of exposure to 82%humidity and 3330 ppm CO2 concentration,the first-cycle charge capacity of designed NM+0.4μm was 103.8 mAh g-1,while the capacity loss reduced from 50.12%to 12.35%.This study presents a novel approach to enhancing the stability of layered cathode materials for sodium-ion batteries.展开更多
O3-type NaNi0.5Mn0.5O2 cathode material was modified with NH4VO3 solution through a one-step liquid-phase method.The effects of NH4VO3 solution treatment on the phase structure and electrochemical...O3-type NaNi0.5Mn0.5O2 cathode material was modified with NH4VO3 solution through a one-step liquid-phase method.The effects of NH4VO3 solution treatment on the phase structure and electrochemical performance of NaNi0.5Mn0.5O2 were investigated.X-ray diffraction reveals that the use of auxiliary solvent and secondary heat treatment induces the formation of a V2O3/P2/O3 multiphase structure.The electrochemical results indicate that the multi-level structure can alleviate Jahn-Teller distortion and suppress irreversible phase transitions.Besides,the in-situ reconstruction layer can hinder the formation of hydrated phases,further enhancing the environmental stability of NaNi0.5Mn0.5O2.Consequently,the modified NaNi0.5Mn0.5O2 cathode material achieves an excellent capacity retention of 74.9%after 1000 cycles at 5C(1C=150 mA/g),whereas the original sample only retains 42.6% of its capacity.These results indicate that NH4VO3 surface treatment is an effective strategy for improving the stability of NaNi0.5Mn0.5O2.展开更多
Aqueous Zn||MnO2batteries have emerged as highly promising for flexible energy storage systems due to their intrinsic safety and environmental benignity.However,their application remains hindered by the limited den...Aqueous Zn||MnO2batteries have emerged as highly promising for flexible energy storage systems due to their intrinsic safety and environmental benignity.However,their application remains hindered by the limited density of electrochemically active sites,poor structural stability,and ambiguous chargestorage mechanisms of MnO2cathodes.Herein,a CeO2nanoparticle-modified layeredδ-MnO2microcrystalline cathode(CeO2@δ-MnO2)is rationally designed,and the underlying energy-storage mechanisms of the Zn||CeO2@δ-MnO2battery are systematically investigated.The short-range ordered microcrystalline structure ofδ-MnO2effectively tailors the coordination environment of Mn centers,inducing abundant oxygen vacancies(Vo)that facilitate synergistic H+/Zn2+co-insertion,thereby substantially enhancing charge-storage capability.Meanwhile,the incorporation of CeO2nanoparticles not only reinforces the structural integrity of the layeredδ-MnO2framework but also triggers pronounced Jahn-Teller distortion,which further promotes Voformation and accelerates electrochemical kinetics.Benefiting from these synergistic effects,the Zn||CeO2@δ-MnO2battery delivers a high reversible capacity of 372.6 mA h g-1at 0.5 A g-1and retains 92.14%of its initial capacity after 2000 cycles,markedly outperforming pristineδ-MnO2.Furthermore,a flexible quasi-solid-state zinc-ion battery with a sandwich configuration exhibits excellent mechanical flexibility and safety,maintaining a high capacity of 240 mA h g-1after 300 bending cycles.This work provides an effective defect-and distortion-engineering strategy for the rational design of high-performance flexible MnO2-based cathodes.展开更多
Rechargeable magnesium batteries(RMBs)possess the merits of greater theoretical capacity,cheaper magnesium metal and not easily producing branched crystals,and greater safety.Therefore,the current researches mainly co...Rechargeable magnesium batteries(RMBs)possess the merits of greater theoretical capacity,cheaper magnesium metal and not easily producing branched crystals,and greater safety.Therefore,the current researches mainly concentrate on the exploration of high-performance RMBs in the initial stage,but still face many gigantic challenges.Herein,petal-shaped nanorods CoS/CuS materials are successfully synthesized as RMBs cathode materials through a two-step metal sulfide template-free solvent-thermal synthesis method,which can effectively improve the reaction kinetics due to the petal-like nano-structure and provide rich electrochemically active sites to decrease the transport barrier of Mg2+,thus contributing to the enhancement of the reaction kinetics of magnesium storage in RMBs.The electrochemical performance test illustrates that CoS/CuS composite nanomaterials can considerably improve the charging and discharging specific capacity of the batteries as well as the voltage of the batteries due to the existing synergistic effect between them.The specific capacity of CoS/CuS cathode still can still be maintained as high as 62.8 mAh g−1after 300 cycles at 200 mA g−1.And the specific capacity of this electrode material changes from 180.6 mAh g−1to 30 mAh g−1at the current densities from 100 mA g−1to 1000 mA g−1,and when the current density is restored to 100 mA g−1,the specific capacity gradually recovered to 178.6 mAh g−1,which showed better rate performance and ultra-high cycling stability.This work highlights how the introduction of CuS into CoS nanostructures can benefit the reversibility and cyclicity of the magnesium storage reaction and offers an original and practical route for the modification of RMBs electrode materials with good electrochemical properties.展开更多
The stability of cathode materials is a crucial factor that influence the overall performance of aqueous batteries.Electrolyte greatly influences on the stability of cathode material due to the complexed electrochemic...The stability of cathode materials is a crucial factor that influence the overall performance of aqueous batteries.Electrolyte greatly influences on the stability of cathode material due to the complexed electrochemical-chemical reactions at the interfaces.Therefore,electrolyte engineering is a direct and powerful way to solve various problems at aqueous electrolyte interfaces.In this review article,we firstly summarized the fading mechanisms of different kinds of state-ofthe-art aqueous battery cathodes including manganese/vanadium-based material,chalcogen and halogen materials,Prussian blue analogues,and Ni(OH)2cathodes.Afterward,we reviewed recent progresses on electrolyte engineering on the stability of cathode materials such as bulk electrolyte modification,electrolyte additives,water-in-salt electrolytes,and hydrogel electrolytes.Finally,we proposed the issues that should be concerned in future electrolyte design for highly state aqueous battery cathodes.展开更多
Rechargeable aqueous zinc-ion batteries(AZIBs)have received considerable attention in recent years because of their high safety,low cost,and environmental friendliness.The properties of cathode materials are vital for...Rechargeable aqueous zinc-ion batteries(AZIBs)have received considerable attention in recent years because of their high safety,low cost,and environmental friendliness.The properties of cathode materials are vital for the further development of AZIBs.Graphene-based composite materials have emerged as promising cathode materials for AZIBs on account of their superior electrical conductivity and excellent electrochemical performance.Considering the rapidly progress of graphene-based composites,we comprehensively summarize the recent progress in the applications of graphene-based composites as the cathode in AZIBs.Furthermore,the relationships between their synthetic methods,nano-and microstructures,and electrochemical performance are systematically concluded and discussed.Finally,rational suggestions and prospects for the future development of graphene-based composites are also proposed.展开更多
基金the financial support from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFB2504000)。
摘要High-voltage Li-rich Mn-based oxide(LRMO)cathodes are promising for breaking through the energy density limits of lithium-ion batteries,yet their practical application remains limited by electrochemical performance degradation caused by unstable cathode-electrolyte interphase(CEI)evolution during longterm cycling.To address this issue,we propose a novel surface modification strategy using La0.7Sr0.3MnO3-σ(LSMO)nanodots,which exhibit high electronic co nductivity and excellent corrosion resistance.These nanodots act as stable anchoring sites,facilitating the formation of a robust CEI on LRMO,The LSMOmodified cathode demonstrates significantly improved anionic redox reversibility,effectively mitigating transition metal migration and lattice oxygen loss.Furthermore,the optimized interfacial electrochemical kinetics ensure sustained rapid Li+diffusion throughout cycling,while the formation of a stable trilayer CEI structure suppresses electrolyte decomposition.Benefiting from these synergistic effects,the LSMO nanodot-engineered LRMO cathode delivers outstanding cycling stability,retaining 97.4%capacity after 300 cycles at 1 C.This work not only highlights the critical role of nanodot heterostructures in stabilizing CEI but also provides a new approach to designing high-voltage cathodes with superior interfacial compatibility and long-term durability.
基金We would like to show gratitude to the Yunnan Province Basic Research Major Project(202501BC070006(Y.Wang))Key Industry Science and Technology Projects for University Services in Yunnan Province(FWCY ZNT2024002(Y.Wang))+3 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(22279070(L.Wang))and(U21A20170(X.He))the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(2019YFA0705703(L.Wang))Beijing Natural Science Foundation(L242005(X.He))Key Industry Science and Technology Projects for University Services in Yunnan Province(FWCY BSPY2024011(T.Lai)).
摘要Long-life energy storage batteries are integral to energy storage systems and electric vehicles,with lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)currently being the preferred option for extended usage-life energy storage.To further extend the life span of LIBs,it is essential to intensify investments in battery design,manufacturing processes,and the advancement of ancillary materials.The pursuit of long durability introduces new challenges for battery energy density.The advent of electrode material offers effective support in enhancing the battery’s long-duration performance.Often underestimated as part of the cathode composition,the binder plays a pivotal role in the longevity and electrochemical performance of the electrode.Maintaining the mechanical integrity of the electrode through judicious binder design is a fundamental requirement for achieving consistent long-life cycles and high energy density.This paper primarily concentrates on the commonly employed cathode systems in lithium-ion batteries,elucidates the significance of binders for both,discusses the application status,strengths,and weaknesses of novel binders,and ultimately puts forth corresponding optimization strategies.It underscores the critical function of binders in enhancing battery performance and advancing the sustainable development of lithium-ion batteries,aiming to offer fresh insights and perspectives for the design of high-performance LIBs.
基金financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51902347)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of Central South University(No.2022ZZTS0439)。
摘要Nickel-rich layered oxides are considered highly promising cathode materials for all-solid-state batteries(ASSBs)due to their high theoretical specific capacity and energy density.In this study,a comparison between polycrystalline and single-crystalline cathode materials was conducted.It was found that,during the charging process,ion transport at the interface of polycrystalline cathodes is significantly influenced by phase transitions and side reactions with the electrolyte,resulting in an irreversible increase in impedance after cycling.Furthermore,the structural stability of the cathode material affects internal ion diffusion kinetics,thereby influencing its electrochemical performance.Unlike single-crystalline materials,ion migration in polycrystalline materials must traverse anisotropic grain boundaries,which,due to anisotropic lattice contraction,evolve into intergranular cracks,leading to reduced ion diffusion kinetics and degraded electrochemical performance.In contrast,single-crystalline cathodes exhibit more stable interfacial resistance and uniform ion transport during charging,ensuring structural stability over longterm cycling.Consequently,at a 0.5 C rate,the single-crystalline cathode maintains a specific capacity of143 m Ah/g after 500 cycles,with a capacity retention of 89.2%,while preserving its intact single-crystal morphology.This study provides valuable new insights into the localized lithium-ion transport behavior in single-crystalline and polycrystalline cathode materials for sulfide-based all-solid-state batteries.
基金supported by the Low-Cost Long-Life Batteries program,China(No.WL-24-08-01)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22279007)。
摘要The outstanding performance of O3-type NaNi1/3Fe1/3Mn1/3O2(NFM111)at both high and low temperatures coupled with its impressive specific capacity makes it an excellent cathode material for sodium-ion batteries.However,its poor cycling,owing to highpressure phase transitions,is one of its disadvantages.In this study,Cu/Ti was introduced into NFM111 cathode material using a solidphase method.Through both theoretically and experimentally,this study found that Cu doping provides a higher redox potential in NFM111,improving its reversible capacity and charge compensation process.The introduction of Ti would enhance the cycling stability of the material,smooth its charge and discharge curves,and suppress its high-voltage phase transitions.Accordingly,the NaNi0.27Fe0.28Mn0.33Cu0.05Ti0.06O2sample used in the study exhibited a remarkable rate performance of 142.97 mAh·g-1at 0.1 C(2.0-4.2 V)and an excellent capacity retention of 72.81%after 300 cycles at 1C(1C=150 mA·g-1).
基金supported by the Scientific Foundation for Youth Scholars of Shenzhen University(806-000034080180,827-0001004)Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(Nos.2024A1515011078,2024A1515011507)+1 种基金Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(Nos.JCYJ20220818095805012,JCYJ20230808105109019)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22208221,22178221)。
摘要A stable cathode-electrolyte interphase(CEI)significantly enhances the durability of lithium-ion batteries;however,the intricate chemistry underlying its formation makes predesign exceedingly challenging.This work demonstrates that surface oxygen vacancy(OV)concentration dually regulates CEI thickness and composition.We develop an in situ strategy where Li2C4O4incorporation into LiCoO2(LCO)spontaneously decomposes during cycling,generating surface OVs.Combined experimental and theoretical calculations reveal these OVs enhance interfacial electron/Li⁺migration rates while stabilizing the CEI.Notably,through 18O isotope labeling with time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry,we innovatively provide direct experimental evidence that surface lattice oxygen serves as the predominant oxygen source for CEI oxygen-containing decomposition products,establishing the mechanism for OV-mediated CEI modulation.Based on this theory,the linear correlation and causal relationship among Li2C2O4content,surface OV concentration,and LiF/LixPOyFz ratio in CEI are revealed.This strategy endows the OV-rich LCO cathode with 71.1%capacity retention after 600 cycles at 1 C within 3-4.4 V(23.9%for bare LCO)and achieves universal validation at 4.5 V and in LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2(NCM811).This study elucidates the critical function of surface OVs in prolonging cycle life and establishes a new design principle for tailored cathode interfaces and CEI chemistry.
基金National Key R&D Program of China,Grant/Award Number:2022YFB3807200National Natural Science Foundation of China,NSFC,Grant/Award Numbers:22133005,22103093+3 种基金Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality,Grant/Award Numbers:22ZR1471600,23ZR1472600the Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS,Grant/Award Number:2022251the Shanghai Super Post-Doctor Incentive Program,Grant/Award Numbers:2022660,2022665China Postdoctoral Science Foundation,Grant/Award Numbers:GZB20230793,2022M723276,2023M733621。
摘要High-nickel layered oxides are considered key cathode materials for high-energy-density lithium-ion batteries due to their high specific capacity.However,the spin state localization of Ni3+(t2g6eg1)leads to severe Jahn-Teller distortion and structural degradation,limiting their cycling stability.This study proposes a high-entropy transition metal(TM)regulation strategy,which introduces multicomponent vacant orbital TM ions(Mn,Ti,Nb,Ta,W,and Mo)to construct a Ni-OO-TM electronic resonance network,promoting the delocalization of Ni3+eg electrons,thereby suppressing spin disorder and enhancing structural stability.On the basis of this,a high-entropy high-nickel cathode material(HE-LNF,LiNi0.8Fe0.14Mn0.01Ti0.01Nb0.01Ta0.01W0.01Mo0.01O2)was designed.Combining first-principles calculations with experimental characterization,the weakening effect of electronic resonance on magnetic frustration was revealed:This effect increases the phase transition temperature to 294.23℃ by reducing the amplitude of lattice vibrations,while electronic delocalization reduces local nuclear repulsion,maintaining excellent structural stability with minimal lattice strain evolution after cycling.Electrochemical testing shows that HE-LNF maintains a capacity retention rate of 91%after 100 cycles at a 0.33-C rate,significantly outperforming traditional high-nickel materials.This study provides new insights into the design of high-stability high-nickel cathodes based on electronic structure regulation.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2022YFB2404402)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.22025507,22421001,and 22409200)+1 种基金the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of SciencesGrant No.XDB 1040200。
摘要Nickel-rich cathodes(NRCs)hold great promise for next-generation high-energy lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)due to high specific energy and low cost.However,the higher Ni content exacerbates the instability issues associated with structural degradation and side reactions during electrochemical cycling.Herein,we demonstrate the possibility of preparing NRCs,typically Li Ni0.9Co0.05Mn0.05O2(NCM9055),with much-improved mechanical and chemical stability based on the surface coating of the hydroxide precursors.Specifically,a conformal nanoshell containing both Al3+and W6+was first deposited around the precursor particles,and the following high-temperature lithiation produced the targeted NCM9055 with favorable structural features,where Al3+existed as a bulk dopant to enhance the structural stability while the high-valent W6+promoted the microstructural evolution into radially-architectured elongated primary particles.Such a structural engineering benefiting from the Al3+/W6+co-modification endowed the prepared NCM9055 cathode(NCM9055-Al W)with much-improved cycling stability,as revealed by a high-capacity retention of 98.0%after 100 cycles(tested at 0.5 C,4.3 V)as compared to only 79.0%for the pristine cathode without Al3+/W6+.The NCM9055-15Al W cathode also showed a high-rate capability with extraordinary structural stability against mechanical failure.Our study highlighted the enormous potential of precursor multi-element treatment as an effective tool in structural refinement of NRCs to circumvent their stability challenge for their applications in high-energy LIBs.
基金supported by the Yunnan Nonferrous Metal Vacuum Metallurgy Top Team[grant number 202305AS350012].
摘要Vacuum carbon thermal reduction has been widely studied for the recovery of ternary lithium batteries,and there are many choices for the type of carbon to be reduced in this method,such as expensive carbon nanotubes and inexpensive battery anode carbon.In this paper,the vacuum reduction of ternary lithium batteries cathode materials by carbon nanotubes was investigated,and it was confirmed that carbon nanotubes,as a high-quality carbon with high carbon content and large specific surface area,can achieve very excellent reduction results.Using concentrated sulfuric acid with a concentration of 98%and H₂O₂with a concentration of 60%,swollen anode carbon as the reduced carbon,the direct yields of Li and Mn were above 99%at a vacuum of 10 Pa,a temperature of 1623 K,a pressurized material pressure of 0 MPa,and a roasting time of 90 min,similar to the effect of expensive carbon nanotubes,and the roasting time was lower than that of the unetched anode carbon.This process improves the reduction efficiency and saves energy consumption in vacuum carbothermal reduction of waste ternary lithium batteries cathode materials.
基金supported by the Discipline Construction Project of Lanzhou City Universitythe Talent Project of Rewi Alley+1 种基金the Innovation Fund of Education Department of Gansu Province(Grant No.2026A-168)the Doctoral Scientific Research Foundation of Jiangsu University of Science and Technology(Grant No.1142932308)。
摘要The development of high-voltage aqueous zinc-ion batteries(AZIBs)is primarily hindered by the lack of suitable cathode materials and electrolytes that can work in broad voltage windows.Herein,we propose a synergistic strategy that concurrently addresses these challenges through the integration of an amorphous vanadium oxyphosphate/graphene(A-VOP/G)cathode with a propylene carbonate(PC)-based hybrid electrolyte.Notably,the amorphous framework of A-VOP provides abundant ion transfer pathways and enhanced structural flexibility,whereas the graphene scaffold ensures high electronic conductivity and suppresses material agglomeration.Moreover,mechanistic studies reveal that the PC co-solvent participates in the Zn2+solvation sheath,which significantly mitigates water-induced side reactions.Simultaneously,the introduction of PC components effectively disrupts the hydrogen-bond network of water,thereby suppressing parasitic reactions and broadening the electrochemical stability window.As a result,the A-VOP/G cathode in the optimized hybrid electrolyte delivers a high discharge capacity of 159.6 mAh g-1 at 1 A g-1,an elevated operating voltage of 1.43 V,and remarkable cycling stability.This work demonstrates the profound potential of integrated cathode and electrolyte design in developing stable high-voltage AZIBs.
基金supported by the Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CAST(2024QNRC001)Key Research and Development Program of Xianyang City(L2025-ZDYF-NYHG-007)+1 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(52207248)Innovation Foundation for Doctor Dissertation of Northwestern Polytechnical University(CX2025107)。
摘要Manganese-based Prussian blue analogues(PBAs)for sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)are plagued by sluggish kinetics and structural instability stemming from Jahn-Teller distortion.Herein,an entropy-mediated Prussian blue(Na0.98Mn0.16Fe0.13Ni0.71[Fe(CN)6]0.902.73H2O,NaMFNHCF)is proposed as cathode material for SIBs.A‘ligand field-regulated d-π*orbital synergy and electron re-localization'effect is generated because the unique electronic configuration of Ni2+enables effective overlap between its eg orbitals and the empty anti-bondingπorbitals of the cyanide group.This not only forms a highly conjugated and delocalized“Fe(t2g)–C■N(π*)–Ni(eg)”electron network,thus significantly enhancing electron transport dynamics,but also achieves electron re-localization on the Ni–N bonds with stronger rigidity,thereby strengthening structural stability.Thus,the complex phase evolution of“monoclinic+rhombo hedral↔cubic↔tetragonal”can be completely restrained by entropy stabilization and electron relocalization effects.Thus,Na-ion storage in NaMFNHCF is proceeded via a zero-stress solid-solution mechanism using Mn and Fe-ions as redox centers for charge compensation with ultra-fast electron and Na-ion transfer kinetics.Consequently,NaMFNHCF contributes a high initial energy density of262.2 Wh kg-1,superior rate capability,and ultra-long lifespans of over 6000 and 5000 cycles with ultra-low decay rates of 0.007%and 0.0058%per cycle in half-and full-batteries,respectively.
基金supported by Project entrusted by enterprise(Grant Nos.HX20210521 and HX20230264)the China Scholarship Council program(Grant No.202508690003)。
摘要Rechargeable aluminium-ion batteries(RAIBs)are promising candidates for sustainable energy storage owing to their low cost,safety,and resource abundance.However,the lack of durable cathode materials restricts their development.Here,we propose a topology-guided design strategy by synthesizing three thioether-bridged naphthoquinone polymers from 1,4-naphthoquinone.Structural characterization combined with density functional theory calculations confirms that polymerization reduces crystallinity,enhances thermal stability,and extendsπ-conjugation,with the para-topology providing the most favorable configuration and strongest AlCl2+coordination.The nearly planar para-naphthoquinone polymer(p-PNQ)exhibits an extended conjugated backbone,reduced bandgap,and uniform electrostatic potential distribution.Electrochemical tests reveal that p-PNQ delivers 146 mAh g-1 initially at 0.1 A g-1 and a 97.2%retention after 500 cycles,surpassing pristine 1,4-NQ and o-/m-isomers.Ex situ analyses confirm that redox activity originates from reversible coordination between carbonyl groups and AlCl2+species.This study establishes molecular topology as a key parameter for designing organic cathodes,and demonstrates that topology-controlled strategies enable durable,high-performance cathodes for energy storage in RAIBs.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality Foundation(No.22230710500)the Interdisciplinary joint research project of Tongji University(No.2023-3-YB-07).
摘要As the core of cathode materials,sensitive metals play important roles in the optimization of acetate production from carbon dioxide(CO2)in microbial electrochemical system(MES).In this work,iron(Fe),copper(Cu),and nickel(Ni)as sensitive metal cathode materials were evaluated for CO2 conversion in MES.The MES with Feelectrode as a promising electrode material demonstrated a superior CO2 reduction performance with a maximum acetate accumulation of 417.9±39.2 mg/L,which was 1.5 and 1.7 folds higher than that in the Ni-electrode and Cu-electrode groups,respectively.Furthermore,an outstanding electron recovery efficiency of 67.7%was shown in the Fe-electrode group.The electron transfer between electrode-suspended sludge was systematically cross-evaluated by the electrochemical behavior and extracellular polymeric substances.The Fe-electrode group had the highest electron transfer rate with 0.194 s-1(kapp),which was 17.6 and 21.5 times higher than that of the Cu-and Ni-electrode groups,respectively.Fe-electrode was beneficial for reducing electrochemical impedance between the electrode and suspended sludge.Additionally,redox substances in extracellular polymeric substances of the Fe-electrode group were increased,implying more favorable electron transport dynamics.Simultaneously,enrichments of functional bacteria Acetoanerobium and increased key enzymes involved in the carbonyl pathway of the Fe-electrode group were observed,which also promoted CO2 conversion in MES.This study provides a perspective on evaluating the promising sensitive metal electrode material for the process of CO2 valorization in MES and offers a reference for the subsequent electrode modification.
基金supported by the Key R&D Program of Zaozhuang city,China(2024GH12)the Zaozhuang Gathering of Talents Program。
摘要Developing advanced cathode modification strategies to address the inherent high charge density of Al3+ is essential for achieving high-energy-density and long-cycle-life rechargeable aluminum batteries(RABs).Herein,we engineer tetraethylammonium(TEA)cation intercalation as a dual-function strategy that concurrently enables interlayer distance enlargement and electrostatic shielding effects,resolving Al3+ polarization-induced sluggish kinetics and cathode degradation in RABs.TEA intercalation triggers exceptional V2O5 interlayer expansion from 4.37 to 13.10Å,while the modulated charge distribution generates an electrostatic shielding effect that significantly weakens the Coulombic interactions between Al3+ and V2O5 frameworks.This dual mechanism collectively enhances ion diffusion kinetics and suppresses lattice stress accumulation.Ex situ X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy analyses confirm that the“molecular pillar effect”of TEA enables minimal and highly reversible structural deformation of the cathode(<2.0%volume change after 200 cycles),demonstrating zero-strain aluminum-storage behavior.The optimized cathode delivers a high reversible capacity of 258 mAh g−1 at 0.5 A g−1,maintains 99%capacity retention at 5.0 A g−1,and exhibits an ultralow capacity decay rate of 0.01%per cycle over 6000 cycles.This work opens new pathways for designing stable high-performance RAB cathodes through synergistic modulation of electronic and lattice structures.
基金funded by the National Nature Science Foundation of China(62264006,62574102)“Thousand Talents Program”of Yunnan Province for Young Talents,Innovative Research Teams(in Science and Technology)in the University of Yunnan Province(IRTSTYN),XingDian Talent Support Program for Young Talents,and Frontier Research Team of Kunming University 2023,The Basic Research Project of Yunnan Province(Nos.202201AU070022)+2 种基金Kunming University Talent Introduction Fund(Nos.YJL20024)Yunnan Province Education Department Scientific Research Fund Project(Nos.2024Y759)Undergraduate Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program Project of Yunnan Provincial(202411393005)。
摘要Carbon-based air cathodes offer low cost,high electrical conductivity,and structural tunability.However,they suffer from limited catalytic activity and inefficient gas transport,and they typically rely on noble metal additives or complex multilayer configurations.To tackle these issues,this study devised a self-activated integrated carbon-based air cathode.By integrating in situ catalytic site construction with structural optimization,the strategy not only induces the formation of oxygen functional groups(─C─OH,─C═O,─COOH),hierarchical pores,and uniformly distributed active sites,but also establishes a favorable electronic and mass-transport environment.Furthermore,the roll-pressing-based integrated design streamlines electrode construction,reinforces interfacial bonding,and significantly enhances mechanical stability.Density functional theory(DFT)calculations show that oxygen functional groups initiate hydrogen bonding interaction and promote charge enrichment,which improves the activity of the cathode and facilitates intermediate adsorption/desorption in oxygen reduction and evolution reactions processes.As a result,the integrated air cathode-based rechargeable zinc-air batteries(RZABs)achieve a high specific capacity of 811 mAh g-1.It also performs well in quasi-solid-state RZABs and silicon-air batteries systems across a wide temperature range,demonstrating strong adaptability and application potential.This study provides a scalable and cost-effective design strategy for high-performance carbon-based air cathodes,offering new insights into advancing durable and practical metal-air energy systems.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China 52202338。
摘要Regulating the composition and valence states of layered O3-phase sodium-ion battery cathode materials can effectively mitigate issues related to complex phase transitions and poor air stability.However,further research is needed to optimize the controllable design of these structures and to better understand the transition mechanisms between different hierarchical phases.Herein,precise regulation of radial sodium-ion concentration,phase structure,and transition metal average valence of P/O cathode was realized through precursor-based secondary heterogeneous coprecipitation and solid-state sintering.Radial scanning transmission electron microscopy and electron energy loss spectroscopy characterization confirmed elemental migration during sintering,resulting in a gradient distribution of sodium content,phase structure,and transition metal valence states.This radially gradient continuous P2/O3-O3composite without obvious phase interface reduces the barrier of sodium-ion transport at the phase interface to mitigates volume changes from O3-O3′phase transitions,inhibits Na+/H+exchange and acid erosion,and enhances moisture/carbon dioxide resistance,kinetic performance,and cycling stability.Consequently,after 10 h of exposure to 82%humidity and 3330 ppm CO2 concentration,the first-cycle charge capacity of designed NM+0.4μm was 103.8 mAh g-1,while the capacity loss reduced from 50.12%to 12.35%.This study presents a novel approach to enhancing the stability of layered cathode materials for sodium-ion batteries.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52207246)Key Laboratory of Green Fabrication and Surface Technology of Advanced Metal Materials,China(No.GFST2022ZR02)Anhui Province Key R&D Program,China(2022a05020040).
摘要O3-type NaNi0.5Mn0.5O2 cathode material was modified with NH4VO3 solution through a one-step liquid-phase method.The effects of NH4VO3 solution treatment on the phase structure and electrochemical performance of NaNi0.5Mn0.5O2 were investigated.X-ray diffraction reveals that the use of auxiliary solvent and secondary heat treatment induces the formation of a V2O3/P2/O3 multiphase structure.The electrochemical results indicate that the multi-level structure can alleviate Jahn-Teller distortion and suppress irreversible phase transitions.Besides,the in-situ reconstruction layer can hinder the formation of hydrated phases,further enhancing the environmental stability of NaNi0.5Mn0.5O2.Consequently,the modified NaNi0.5Mn0.5O2 cathode material achieves an excellent capacity retention of 74.9%after 1000 cycles at 5C(1C=150 mA/g),whereas the original sample only retains 42.6% of its capacity.These results indicate that NH4VO3 surface treatment is an effective strategy for improving the stability of NaNi0.5Mn0.5O2.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2025YFE0125100)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52475336)the Joint Fund of Henan Province Science and Technology R&D Program(Grant No.235200810097)。
摘要Aqueous Zn||MnO2batteries have emerged as highly promising for flexible energy storage systems due to their intrinsic safety and environmental benignity.However,their application remains hindered by the limited density of electrochemically active sites,poor structural stability,and ambiguous chargestorage mechanisms of MnO2cathodes.Herein,a CeO2nanoparticle-modified layeredδ-MnO2microcrystalline cathode(CeO2@δ-MnO2)is rationally designed,and the underlying energy-storage mechanisms of the Zn||CeO2@δ-MnO2battery are systematically investigated.The short-range ordered microcrystalline structure ofδ-MnO2effectively tailors the coordination environment of Mn centers,inducing abundant oxygen vacancies(Vo)that facilitate synergistic H+/Zn2+co-insertion,thereby substantially enhancing charge-storage capability.Meanwhile,the incorporation of CeO2nanoparticles not only reinforces the structural integrity of the layeredδ-MnO2framework but also triggers pronounced Jahn-Teller distortion,which further promotes Voformation and accelerates electrochemical kinetics.Benefiting from these synergistic effects,the Zn||CeO2@δ-MnO2battery delivers a high reversible capacity of 372.6 mA h g-1at 0.5 A g-1and retains 92.14%of its initial capacity after 2000 cycles,markedly outperforming pristineδ-MnO2.Furthermore,a flexible quasi-solid-state zinc-ion battery with a sandwich configuration exhibits excellent mechanical flexibility and safety,maintaining a high capacity of 240 mA h g-1after 300 bending cycles.This work provides an effective defect-and distortion-engineering strategy for the rational design of high-performance flexible MnO2-based cathodes.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21804008,52102209)the International Technological Collaboration Project of Shanghai(No.17520710300)+1 种基金Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation(No.2108085QE197)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(Nos.2022A1515010834,2020A1515110221).
摘要Rechargeable magnesium batteries(RMBs)possess the merits of greater theoretical capacity,cheaper magnesium metal and not easily producing branched crystals,and greater safety.Therefore,the current researches mainly concentrate on the exploration of high-performance RMBs in the initial stage,but still face many gigantic challenges.Herein,petal-shaped nanorods CoS/CuS materials are successfully synthesized as RMBs cathode materials through a two-step metal sulfide template-free solvent-thermal synthesis method,which can effectively improve the reaction kinetics due to the petal-like nano-structure and provide rich electrochemically active sites to decrease the transport barrier of Mg2+,thus contributing to the enhancement of the reaction kinetics of magnesium storage in RMBs.The electrochemical performance test illustrates that CoS/CuS composite nanomaterials can considerably improve the charging and discharging specific capacity of the batteries as well as the voltage of the batteries due to the existing synergistic effect between them.The specific capacity of CoS/CuS cathode still can still be maintained as high as 62.8 mAh g−1after 300 cycles at 200 mA g−1.And the specific capacity of this electrode material changes from 180.6 mAh g−1to 30 mAh g−1at the current densities from 100 mA g−1to 1000 mA g−1,and when the current density is restored to 100 mA g−1,the specific capacity gradually recovered to 178.6 mAh g−1,which showed better rate performance and ultra-high cycling stability.This work highlights how the introduction of CuS into CoS nanostructures can benefit the reversibility and cyclicity of the magnesium storage reaction and offers an original and practical route for the modification of RMBs electrode materials with good electrochemical properties.
基金the financial support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52573346,52433002,and 52273081)Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi(No.2022TD-27)the financial support by Shaanxi Provincial Natural Science Basic Research Plan(2025JC-YBMS-364).
摘要The stability of cathode materials is a crucial factor that influence the overall performance of aqueous batteries.Electrolyte greatly influences on the stability of cathode material due to the complexed electrochemical-chemical reactions at the interfaces.Therefore,electrolyte engineering is a direct and powerful way to solve various problems at aqueous electrolyte interfaces.In this review article,we firstly summarized the fading mechanisms of different kinds of state-ofthe-art aqueous battery cathodes including manganese/vanadium-based material,chalcogen and halogen materials,Prussian blue analogues,and Ni(OH)2cathodes.Afterward,we reviewed recent progresses on electrolyte engineering on the stability of cathode materials such as bulk electrolyte modification,electrolyte additives,water-in-salt electrolytes,and hydrogel electrolytes.Finally,we proposed the issues that should be concerned in future electrolyte design for highly state aqueous battery cathodes.
基金supported by the Frontier Exploration Projects of Longmen Laboratory(No.LMQYTSKT008)the Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province(No.242300420021)+3 种基金the Open Fund of State Key Laboratory of Advanced Refractories(No.SKLAR202210)the Student Research Training Plan of Henan University of Science and Technology(No.2024054)the Undergraduate Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program of Henan Province(No.S202310464012)The Innovation Fund of Henan University of Science and Technology(No.2023-S01)。
摘要Rechargeable aqueous zinc-ion batteries(AZIBs)have received considerable attention in recent years because of their high safety,low cost,and environmental friendliness.The properties of cathode materials are vital for the further development of AZIBs.Graphene-based composite materials have emerged as promising cathode materials for AZIBs on account of their superior electrical conductivity and excellent electrochemical performance.Considering the rapidly progress of graphene-based composites,we comprehensively summarize the recent progress in the applications of graphene-based composites as the cathode in AZIBs.Furthermore,the relationships between their synthetic methods,nano-and microstructures,and electrochemical performance are systematically concluded and discussed.Finally,rational suggestions and prospects for the future development of graphene-based composites are also proposed.