Electrochemical reduction of CO2 to multi-carbon products(e.g.,C2+ ,ethene,ethanol,etc.)not only effectively decreases the CO2 concentration in atmosphere but also shows great potential economic benefits due ...Electrochemical reduction of CO2 to multi-carbon products(e.g.,C2+ ,ethene,ethanol,etc.)not only effectively decreases the CO2 concentration in atmosphere but also shows great potential economic benefits due to these exploitable value-added products.The Cu-based catalysts have caught much attention in CO2 electroreduction due to the good selectivity to hydrocarbons products.However,designing appropriate Cu-based catalysts is desirable to further improve the energy efficiency and selectivity of specific C2+ product.In this review,primary pathways of CO2 electroreduction to C2+ products are first discussed to summarize the key elementary steps of C2+ products formation.Subsequently,various strategies of catalytic activity regulation of Cu-based catalysts are classified into geometric and electronic structures modification based on the inner correlation between these strategies and the mechanism of C2+ products formation.The review ends with a cross-scale perspective that links the selectivity enhancement of a specific C2+ product and the target design of Cu-based catalysts.展开更多
In this study,the promotional effect of Ce and Nb doping on Cu/TiO2 catalyst for diethylamine catalytic degradation was investigated.The activity tests reveal that the Ce and Nb modification can facilitate the risi...In this study,the promotional effect of Ce and Nb doping on Cu/TiO2 catalyst for diethylamine catalytic degradation was investigated.The activity tests reveal that the Ce and Nb modification can facilitate the rising of mineralization rate and N2 selectivity during diethylamine degradation,achieving over 90%mineralization rate at 250-450°C,along with N2 selectivity exceeding 80% within 300-400°C.Characterization results show that the co-addition of Ce and Nb induces strong interactions with Cu species and increases surface Brønsted acid sites.Crucially,the enhanced redox capability derived from interactions guarantees good catalytic activity and mineralization rate.Additionally,the increased Brønsted acidity from Nb doping can suppress the formation of NCO(a)species,resulting in less generation of NOx from NCO(a)oxidation.Moreover,the enhanced Brønsted acidity can promote the internal SCR reaction,which also reduces the NOx emission.This work could offer valuable insights for designing catalysts with superior catalytic performance for amine-like volatile organic compounds(VOCs)degradation.展开更多
Copper supported over silica exhibited very high activity and selectivity for the direct synthesis of indole at atmospheric pressure. Under the reaction temperature of 325C,the yield of indole could obtain 88%.
A series of indium oxide‐modified Cu/SiO2catalysts were synthesized and used to produce ethanol via methyl acetate hydrogenation.In‐Cu/SiO2catalyst containing1.0wt%In2O3exhibited the best catalytic activity and stab...A series of indium oxide‐modified Cu/SiO2catalysts were synthesized and used to produce ethanol via methyl acetate hydrogenation.In‐Cu/SiO2catalyst containing1.0wt%In2O3exhibited the best catalytic activity and stability.The physicochemical properties of the synthesized catalysts were investigated using several characterization methods and the results showed that introducing suitable indium to Cu/SiO2increased the copper dispersion,diminished the copper crystallite size,and enriched the surface Cu+concentration.Furthermore,the Cu/SiO2catalyst gradually deactivated during the stability test,which was mainly attributed to copper sintering and the valence change in surface copper species.In contrast,indium addition can inhibit the thermal transmigration and accumulation of copper nanoparticles to stabilize the catalyst.?2018,Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences.Published by Elsevier B.V.All rights reserved.展开更多
The reduction of carbon emissions in the steel industry is a significant challenge,and utilizing CO2 from carbon intensive steel industry off-gases for methanol production is a promising strategy for decarbonizatio...The reduction of carbon emissions in the steel industry is a significant challenge,and utilizing CO2 from carbon intensive steel industry off-gases for methanol production is a promising strategy for decarbonization.However,steelwork off-gases typically contain various impurities,including H2S,which can deactivate commercial methanol synthesis catalysts,Cu/ZnO/Al2O3(CZA).Reverse water-gas shift(RWGS)reaction is the predominant side reaction in CO2 hydrogenation to methanol which can occur at ambient pressure,enabling the decouple of RWGS from methanol production at high pressure.Then,a series of activated CZA catalysts has been in-situ pretreated in 400 ppm H2S/Ar at 250℃and tested for both RWGS reaction at ambient pressure and CO2 hydrogenation to methanol at high pressure.An innovative decoupling strategy was employed to isolate the RWGS reaction from the methanol synthesis process,enabling the investigation of the evolution of active site structures and the poisoning mechanism through elemental analysis,X-ray Diffraction,X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy,Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy,Temperature Programmed Reduction and CO2 Temperature Programmed Desorption.The results indicate that there are different dynamic migration behaviors of ZnOx in the two reaction systems,leading to different poisoning mechanisms.These interesting findings are beneficial to develop sulfur resistant and durable highly efficient catalysts for CO2 hydrogenation to methanol,promoting the carbon emission reduction in steel industry.展开更多
Comprehensive analysis of the connection be-tween surface metal species and the mechanism of hydrogen(H2)generation on TiO2provides important new information for the develop-ment of more effective catalysts for ...Comprehensive analysis of the connection be-tween surface metal species and the mechanism of hydrogen(H2)generation on TiO2provides important new information for the develop-ment of more effective catalysts for H2 produc-tion.We have systematically investigated the mechanism of catalytic H2 generation on the Cu10/TiO2,Au10/TiO2,Au8Cu2/TiO2and Cu1/Au8Cu2/TiO2surfaces using density func-tional theory.Our results demonstrate an O-Hδ+···Hδ−-M type transition state for H2 production,and the Au8Cu2(0.54 eV)bimetal-lic cluster catalyst exhibits more activity in comparison to the Cu10(0.63 eV)and Au10(0.88 eV)cluster catalysts on the TiO2surface.On the Cu1/Au8Cu2/TiO2surface,we found that Au8Cu2clusters act as electron donors,while Cu single atom acts as an electron acceptor.Therefore,the Au8Cu2bimetallic catalyst has a low energy barrier(0.58 eV)in the reductive reaction of H2 production in water,but Cu single atom as the catalytic center has a higher en-ergy barrier(1.49 eV).This implies that bimetallic catalysts may be able to catalyze the wa-ter dehydrogenation reaction more successfully,which would be important knowledge for comprehending and refining the photocatalytic H2 generation process.展开更多
Cu/SiO2 catalysts prepared by a convenient and efficient method using the urea hydrolysis deposition-precipitation (UHDP) technique have been proposed focusing on the effect of copper loading.The texture,structure a...Cu/SiO2 catalysts prepared by a convenient and efficient method using the urea hydrolysis deposition-precipitation (UHDP) technique have been proposed focusing on the effect of copper loading.The texture,structure and composition are systematically characterized by ICP,FTIR,N 2-physisorption,N2O chemisorption,TPR,XRD and XPS.The formation of copper phyllosilicate is observed in Cu/SiO2 catalyst by adopting UHDP method,and the amount of copper phyllosilicate is related to copper loading.It is found the structure properties and catalytic performance is profoundly affected by the amount of copper phyllosilicate.The excellent catalytic activity is attributed to the synergetic effect between Cu0 and Cu +.DMO conversion and EG selectivity are determined by the amount of Cu0 and Cu+,respectively.The proper copper loading (30 wt%) provides with the highest ratio of Cu + /Cu0,giving rise to the highest EG yield of 95% under the reaction conditions of p=2.0 MPa,T=473 K,H2/DMO=80 and LHSV=1.0h-1.展开更多
The Cu/SiO2catalysts were in situ synthesized by the hydrolysis of tetraethyl orthosilicate(TEOS)in one phase solution using ethanol as co-solvent or TEOS/H_2O two phases solution,followed by the precipitation of c...The Cu/SiO2catalysts were in situ synthesized by the hydrolysis of tetraethyl orthosilicate(TEOS)in one phase solution using ethanol as co-solvent or TEOS/H_2O two phases solution,followed by the precipitation of copper on SiO2by ammonia evaporation.In the hydrogenation of dimethyl oxalate,the catalyst prepared by one phase hydrolysis exhibited higher activity and ethylene glycol(EG)selectivity at lower temperature than that of two phases due to its larger BET surface area and multimodal pore distribution.At 488-503 K,the catalyst prepared in one phase solution with water/ethanol(W/E)volume ratio of 3:1 exhibited 90-95%EG selectivity,while catalyst prepared by two phase hydrolysis reached 90%EG selectivity only at 498-503 K.展开更多
The efficient synthesis of methanol and ethylene glycol via the chemoselective hydrogenation of ethylene carbonate(EC) is important for the sustainable utilization of CO_2 to produce commodity chemicals and fuels. I...The efficient synthesis of methanol and ethylene glycol via the chemoselective hydrogenation of ethylene carbonate(EC) is important for the sustainable utilization of CO_2 to produce commodity chemicals and fuels. In this work, a series of β-cyclodextrin-modified Cu/SiO_2 catalysts were prepared by ammonia evaporation method for the selective hydrogenation of EC to co-produce methanol and ethylene glycol. The structure and physicochemical properties of the catalysts were characterized in detail by N_2 physisorption, XRD, N_2O titration, H_2-TPR, TEM, and XPS/XAES. Compared with the unmodified 25 Cu/SiO_2 catalyst, the involvement of β-cyclodextrin in 5β-25 Cu/SiO_2 could remarkably increase the catalytic activity—excellent activity of 1178 mgEC g_(cat)^(–1) h^(–1) with 98.8%ethylene glycol selectivity, and 71.6% methanol selectivity could be achieved at 453 K. The remarkably improved recyclability was primarily attributed to the remaining proportion of Cu~+/(Cu^0+Cu~+). Furthermore, the DFT calculation results demonstrated that metallic Cu^0 dissociated adsorbed H_2, while Cu~+ activated the carbonyl group of EC and stabilized the intermediates. This study is a facile and efficient method to prepare highly dispersed Cu catalysts—this is also an effective and stable heterogeneous catalyst system for the sustainable synthesis of ethylene glycol and methanol via indirect chemical utilization of CO_2.展开更多
Cu/ZrO2/SiO2 are efficient catalysts for the selective hydrogenation of CO2 to CH3OH. In order to understand the role of ZrO2 in these mixed-oxides based catalysts, in situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy has been carri...Cu/ZrO2/SiO2 are efficient catalysts for the selective hydrogenation of CO2 to CH3OH. In order to understand the role of ZrO2 in these mixed-oxides based catalysts, in situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy has been carried out on the Cu and Zr K-edge. Under reaction conditions, Cu remains metallic, while Zr is present in three types of coordination environment associated with 1) bulk ZrO2, 2) coordinatively saturated and 3) unsaturated Zr(Ⅳ) surface sites. The amount of coordinatively unsaturated Zr surface sites can be quantified by linear combination fit of reference X-Ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectra and its amount correlates with CH3OH formation rates, thus indicating the importance of Zr(Ⅳ) Lewis acid surface sites in driving the selectivity toward CH3OH. This finding is consistent with the proposed mechanism, where CO2 is hydrogenated at the interface between the Cu nanoparticles that split H2 and Zr(Ⅳ) surface sites that stabilizes reaction intermediates.展开更多
Highly active and selective Cu/SiO2catalysts for hydrogenation of dimethyl oxalate(DMO)to ethylene glycol(EG)were successfully prepared by means of a convenient one-pot synthetic method with tetraethoxysi lane(TEOS...Highly active and selective Cu/SiO2catalysts for hydrogenation of dimethyl oxalate(DMO)to ethylene glycol(EG)were successfully prepared by means of a convenient one-pot synthetic method with tetraethoxysi lane(TEOS)as the source of silica.XRD,H2-TPR,SEM,TEM,XRF and N2 physisorption measurements were performed to characterize the texture and structure of Cu/SiO2catalysts with different copper loadings.The active components were highly dispersed on SiO2supports.Furthermore,the coexistence of CuO and Cu+contributed a lot to the excellent performance of Cu-TEOS catalysts.The DMO conversion reached 100%and the EG selectivity reached 95%at 498 K and 2 MPa with a high liquid hourly space velocity over the 27-Cu-TEOS catalyst with an actual cop per loading of 19.0%(mass fraction).展开更多
Methyl glycolate is a good solvent and can be used as feedstock for the synthesis of some important organic chemicals. Catalytic hydrogenation of dimethyl oxalate (DMO) over copper-silver catalyst supported on silic...Methyl glycolate is a good solvent and can be used as feedstock for the synthesis of some important organic chemicals. Catalytic hydrogenation of dimethyl oxalate (DMO) over copper-silver catalyst supported on silica was studied. The Cu-Ag/SiO2 catalyst supported on silica sol was prepared by homogeneous deposition-precipitation of the mixture of aqueous euprammonia complex and silica sol. The proper active temperature of Cu-Ag/SiO2 catalyst for hydrogenation of DMO was 523-623 K. The most preferable reaction conditions for methyl glycolate (MG) were optimized: temperature at 468-478 K, 40-60 mesh catalyst diameter, H2/DMO ratio 40, and 1.0 h^-1 of LHSV.展开更多
The mechanism of dimethyl oxalate hydrogenation to ethylene glycol over Cu/SiO2 catalyst was investigated by in situ Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. It was found that dimethyl oxalate and methyl glyc...The mechanism of dimethyl oxalate hydrogenation to ethylene glycol over Cu/SiO2 catalyst was investigated by in situ Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. It was found that dimethyl oxalate and methyl glycolate proceeded via dissociative adsorption on Cu/SiO2 catalyst, and four main intermediates, CH3OC(O)(O)C-M (1655 cm-1), M-C(O)(O)C-M (1618 cm-1), HOCH2(O)C--M (1682 cm-1) and CH3O-M (2924-2926 cm-1), were identified during the reaction. It was concluded that dimethyl oxalate hydrogenation to ethylene glycol mainly proceeded along the route: dimethyl oxalate /rightarrow CH3OC(O)(O)C-M → methyl glycolate →HOCH2(O)C-M → ethylene glycol. Finally a schematic reaction network was proposed.展开更多
基金financially supported by the project Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Provincial(Grant Nos.20252BAC200212 and 20252BAC250027)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Cultivation of Early Career Young Scientific and Technological Talents of Jiangxi Province(Grant Nos.20252BEJ730203,20252BEJ730205,and 20224ACB203010)+2 种基金Doctor's Starting Research Foundation of Jiangxi University of Science and Technology(Grant No.205200100778)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.22572077,22162012 and 22202089)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province for Distinguished Young Scholars(Grant No.20224ACB213005)。
摘要Electrochemical reduction of CO2 to multi-carbon products(e.g.,C2+ ,ethene,ethanol,etc.)not only effectively decreases the CO2 concentration in atmosphere but also shows great potential economic benefits due to these exploitable value-added products.The Cu-based catalysts have caught much attention in CO2 electroreduction due to the good selectivity to hydrocarbons products.However,designing appropriate Cu-based catalysts is desirable to further improve the energy efficiency and selectivity of specific C2+ product.In this review,primary pathways of CO2 electroreduction to C2+ products are first discussed to summarize the key elementary steps of C2+ products formation.Subsequently,various strategies of catalytic activity regulation of Cu-based catalysts are classified into geometric and electronic structures modification based on the inner correlation between these strategies and the mechanism of C2+ products formation.The review ends with a cross-scale perspective that links the selectivity enhancement of a specific C2+ product and the target design of Cu-based catalysts.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (22076164,22276162,22306072)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2023M731441)Young Talent Fund of Jiaxing Science and Technology Project (2023AY40030)
摘要In this study,the promotional effect of Ce and Nb doping on Cu/TiO2 catalyst for diethylamine catalytic degradation was investigated.The activity tests reveal that the Ce and Nb modification can facilitate the rising of mineralization rate and N2 selectivity during diethylamine degradation,achieving over 90%mineralization rate at 250-450°C,along with N2 selectivity exceeding 80% within 300-400°C.Characterization results show that the co-addition of Ce and Nb induces strong interactions with Cu species and increases surface Brønsted acid sites.Crucially,the enhanced redox capability derived from interactions guarantees good catalytic activity and mineralization rate.Additionally,the increased Brønsted acidity from Nb doping can suppress the formation of NCO(a)species,resulting in less generation of NOx from NCO(a)oxidation.Moreover,the enhanced Brønsted acidity can promote the internal SCR reaction,which also reduces the NOx emission.This work could offer valuable insights for designing catalysts with superior catalytic performance for amine-like volatile organic compounds(VOCs)degradation.
摘要Copper supported over silica exhibited very high activity and selectivity for the direct synthesis of indole at atmospheric pressure. Under the reaction temperature of 325C,the yield of indole could obtain 88%.
摘要A series of indium oxide‐modified Cu/SiO2catalysts were synthesized and used to produce ethanol via methyl acetate hydrogenation.In‐Cu/SiO2catalyst containing1.0wt%In2O3exhibited the best catalytic activity and stability.The physicochemical properties of the synthesized catalysts were investigated using several characterization methods and the results showed that introducing suitable indium to Cu/SiO2increased the copper dispersion,diminished the copper crystallite size,and enriched the surface Cu+concentration.Furthermore,the Cu/SiO2catalyst gradually deactivated during the stability test,which was mainly attributed to copper sintering and the valence change in surface copper species.In contrast,indium addition can inhibit the thermal transmigration and accumulation of copper nanoparticles to stabilize the catalyst.?2018,Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences.Published by Elsevier B.V.All rights reserved.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22276060 and 21976059)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(No.2024A1515012636)China Scholarship Council Scholarship(No.201906155006)。
摘要The reduction of carbon emissions in the steel industry is a significant challenge,and utilizing CO2 from carbon intensive steel industry off-gases for methanol production is a promising strategy for decarbonization.However,steelwork off-gases typically contain various impurities,including H2S,which can deactivate commercial methanol synthesis catalysts,Cu/ZnO/Al2O3(CZA).Reverse water-gas shift(RWGS)reaction is the predominant side reaction in CO2 hydrogenation to methanol which can occur at ambient pressure,enabling the decouple of RWGS from methanol production at high pressure.Then,a series of activated CZA catalysts has been in-situ pretreated in 400 ppm H2S/Ar at 250℃and tested for both RWGS reaction at ambient pressure and CO2 hydrogenation to methanol at high pressure.An innovative decoupling strategy was employed to isolate the RWGS reaction from the methanol synthesis process,enabling the investigation of the evolution of active site structures and the poisoning mechanism through elemental analysis,X-ray Diffraction,X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy,Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy,Temperature Programmed Reduction and CO2 Temperature Programmed Desorption.The results indicate that there are different dynamic migration behaviors of ZnOx in the two reaction systems,leading to different poisoning mechanisms.These interesting findings are beneficial to develop sulfur resistant and durable highly efficient catalysts for CO2 hydrogenation to methanol,promoting the carbon emission reduction in steel industry.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22473107)。
摘要Comprehensive analysis of the connection be-tween surface metal species and the mechanism of hydrogen(H2)generation on TiO2provides important new information for the develop-ment of more effective catalysts for H2 produc-tion.We have systematically investigated the mechanism of catalytic H2 generation on the Cu10/TiO2,Au10/TiO2,Au8Cu2/TiO2and Cu1/Au8Cu2/TiO2surfaces using density func-tional theory.Our results demonstrate an O-Hδ+···Hδ−-M type transition state for H2 production,and the Au8Cu2(0.54 eV)bimetal-lic cluster catalyst exhibits more activity in comparison to the Cu10(0.63 eV)and Au10(0.88 eV)cluster catalysts on the TiO2surface.On the Cu1/Au8Cu2/TiO2surface,we found that Au8Cu2clusters act as electron donors,while Cu single atom acts as an electron acceptor.Therefore,the Au8Cu2bimetallic catalyst has a low energy barrier(0.58 eV)in the reductive reaction of H2 production in water,but Cu single atom as the catalytic center has a higher en-ergy barrier(1.49 eV).This implies that bimetallic catalysts may be able to catalyze the wa-ter dehydrogenation reaction more successfully,which would be important knowledge for comprehending and refining the photocatalytic H2 generation process.
摘要Cu/SiO2 catalysts prepared by a convenient and efficient method using the urea hydrolysis deposition-precipitation (UHDP) technique have been proposed focusing on the effect of copper loading.The texture,structure and composition are systematically characterized by ICP,FTIR,N 2-physisorption,N2O chemisorption,TPR,XRD and XPS.The formation of copper phyllosilicate is observed in Cu/SiO2 catalyst by adopting UHDP method,and the amount of copper phyllosilicate is related to copper loading.It is found the structure properties and catalytic performance is profoundly affected by the amount of copper phyllosilicate.The excellent catalytic activity is attributed to the synergetic effect between Cu0 and Cu +.DMO conversion and EG selectivity are determined by the amount of Cu0 and Cu+,respectively.The proper copper loading (30 wt%) provides with the highest ratio of Cu + /Cu0,giving rise to the highest EG yield of 95% under the reaction conditions of p=2.0 MPa,T=473 K,H2/DMO=80 and LHSV=1.0h-1.
基金supported by the International Science and Technology Cooperation Program(No 2009DFA61050)National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(863 program)(Nos 2007AA05Z334&2009AA05Z407)National Basic Research Program of China(No2007CB210200)
摘要The Cu/SiO2catalysts were in situ synthesized by the hydrolysis of tetraethyl orthosilicate(TEOS)in one phase solution using ethanol as co-solvent or TEOS/H_2O two phases solution,followed by the precipitation of copper on SiO2by ammonia evaporation.In the hydrogenation of dimethyl oxalate,the catalyst prepared by one phase hydrolysis exhibited higher activity and ethylene glycol(EG)selectivity at lower temperature than that of two phases due to its larger BET surface area and multimodal pore distribution.At 488-503 K,the catalyst prepared in one phase solution with water/ethanol(W/E)volume ratio of 3:1 exhibited 90-95%EG selectivity,while catalyst prepared by two phase hydrolysis reached 90%EG selectivity only at 498-503 K.
摘要The efficient synthesis of methanol and ethylene glycol via the chemoselective hydrogenation of ethylene carbonate(EC) is important for the sustainable utilization of CO_2 to produce commodity chemicals and fuels. In this work, a series of β-cyclodextrin-modified Cu/SiO_2 catalysts were prepared by ammonia evaporation method for the selective hydrogenation of EC to co-produce methanol and ethylene glycol. The structure and physicochemical properties of the catalysts were characterized in detail by N_2 physisorption, XRD, N_2O titration, H_2-TPR, TEM, and XPS/XAES. Compared with the unmodified 25 Cu/SiO_2 catalyst, the involvement of β-cyclodextrin in 5β-25 Cu/SiO_2 could remarkably increase the catalytic activity—excellent activity of 1178 mgEC g_(cat)^(–1) h^(–1) with 98.8%ethylene glycol selectivity, and 71.6% methanol selectivity could be achieved at 453 K. The remarkably improved recyclability was primarily attributed to the remaining proportion of Cu~+/(Cu^0+Cu~+). Furthermore, the DFT calculation results demonstrated that metallic Cu^0 dissociated adsorbed H_2, while Cu~+ activated the carbonyl group of EC and stabilized the intermediates. This study is a facile and efficient method to prepare highly dispersed Cu catalysts—this is also an effective and stable heterogeneous catalyst system for the sustainable synthesis of ethylene glycol and methanol via indirect chemical utilization of CO_2.
基金E.L.,K.L.,P.W.,and S.T.are supported by the SCCER-Heat and Energy Storage program
摘要Cu/ZrO2/SiO2 are efficient catalysts for the selective hydrogenation of CO2 to CH3OH. In order to understand the role of ZrO2 in these mixed-oxides based catalysts, in situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy has been carried out on the Cu and Zr K-edge. Under reaction conditions, Cu remains metallic, while Zr is present in three types of coordination environment associated with 1) bulk ZrO2, 2) coordinatively saturated and 3) unsaturated Zr(Ⅳ) surface sites. The amount of coordinatively unsaturated Zr surface sites can be quantified by linear combination fit of reference X-Ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectra and its amount correlates with CH3OH formation rates, thus indicating the importance of Zr(Ⅳ) Lewis acid surface sites in driving the selectivity toward CH3OH. This finding is consistent with the proposed mechanism, where CO2 is hydrogenated at the interface between the Cu nanoparticles that split H2 and Zr(Ⅳ) surface sites that stabilizes reaction intermediates.
基金Supported by the National Science and Technology Supporting Plan Through Contract,China(No.2011BAD22B06)the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation,China(No.R1110089)+2 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Univer-sities of China(No.2011FZA4012)the Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China(No.20090101110034)the Zhejiang Provincial Key Science and Technology Innovation Team,China(No.2009R50012)
摘要Highly active and selective Cu/SiO2catalysts for hydrogenation of dimethyl oxalate(DMO)to ethylene glycol(EG)were successfully prepared by means of a convenient one-pot synthetic method with tetraethoxysi lane(TEOS)as the source of silica.XRD,H2-TPR,SEM,TEM,XRF and N2 physisorption measurements were performed to characterize the texture and structure of Cu/SiO2catalysts with different copper loadings.The active components were highly dispersed on SiO2supports.Furthermore,the coexistence of CuO and Cu+contributed a lot to the excellent performance of Cu-TEOS catalysts.The DMO conversion reached 100%and the EG selectivity reached 95%at 498 K and 2 MPa with a high liquid hourly space velocity over the 27-Cu-TEOS catalyst with an actual cop per loading of 19.0%(mass fraction).
摘要Methyl glycolate is a good solvent and can be used as feedstock for the synthesis of some important organic chemicals. Catalytic hydrogenation of dimethyl oxalate (DMO) over copper-silver catalyst supported on silica was studied. The Cu-Ag/SiO2 catalyst supported on silica sol was prepared by homogeneous deposition-precipitation of the mixture of aqueous euprammonia complex and silica sol. The proper active temperature of Cu-Ag/SiO2 catalyst for hydrogenation of DMO was 523-623 K. The most preferable reaction conditions for methyl glycolate (MG) were optimized: temperature at 468-478 K, 40-60 mesh catalyst diameter, H2/DMO ratio 40, and 1.0 h^-1 of LHSV.
摘要The mechanism of dimethyl oxalate hydrogenation to ethylene glycol over Cu/SiO2 catalyst was investigated by in situ Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. It was found that dimethyl oxalate and methyl glycolate proceeded via dissociative adsorption on Cu/SiO2 catalyst, and four main intermediates, CH3OC(O)(O)C-M (1655 cm-1), M-C(O)(O)C-M (1618 cm-1), HOCH2(O)C--M (1682 cm-1) and CH3O-M (2924-2926 cm-1), were identified during the reaction. It was concluded that dimethyl oxalate hydrogenation to ethylene glycol mainly proceeded along the route: dimethyl oxalate /rightarrow CH3OC(O)(O)C-M → methyl glycolate →HOCH2(O)C-M → ethylene glycol. Finally a schematic reaction network was proposed.