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Rethinking noninvasive steatosis indices:Structural limitations and misclassification across the body mass index spectrum 认领 引用
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作者 Kengo Moriyama 《World Journal of Hepatology》 2026年第5期33-40,共8页
The rebranding of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD)has shifted the clinical focus toward underlying metabolic drivers.This necessitates a re-eval... The rebranding of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD)has shifted the clinical focus toward underlying metabolic drivers.This necessitates a re-evaluation of noninvasive diagnostic tools to better align with metabolic dysfunction as the primary driver of hepatic steatosis.Commonly used indices,including the fatty liver index,hepatic steatosis index,and NAFLD liver fat score,were originally developed to estimate liver fat in general populations but are now applied to diagnose or screen for NAFLD in diverse clinical settings.However,their diagnostic performance is not consistent across different patient populations.In individuals with obesity,these diagnostic indices tend to over-identify hepatic steatosis due to excessively high sensitivity and low specificity.Conversely,in lean populations,these same indices often have low sensitivity,leading to under-diagnosis.These findings indicate that steatosis indices are strongly influenced by body composition and metabolic context.This review proposes a unified conceptual framework in which these indices are interpreted as body composition-dependent tools rather than direct measures of hepatic fat.Their structural reliance on anthropometric variables may result in systematic misclassification across the body mass index spectrum,limiting their utility as universal diagnostic classifiers.Accordingly,a shift toward context-dependent interpretation and integrated diagnostic strategies is required.Effective MASLD management in clinical practice requires combining noninvasive markers with imaging,fibrosis staging,and metabolic assessment to refine risk stratification,particularly in atypical cases such as severe obesity or lean MASLD. 展开更多
关键词 Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease Fatty liver index Hepatic steatosis index Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease liver fat score Body mass index Misclassification Noninvasive indices Hepatic steatosis
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Removing non-avian sounds enhances correlations between acoustic indices and bird vocal activity in urban environments 认领 引用
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作者 Qihao Jiang Ruirui Mao +5 位作者 Yilin Zhao Jiangjian Xie Congtian Lin Rui Zhu Zhishu Xiao Jiang Chang 《Avian Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2026年第2期489-498,共10页
Acoustic indices have been increasingly explored as possible proxies for biodiversity,yet in complex environments non-avian sounds often mask bird vocalizations,compromising assessment accuracy and ecological represen... Acoustic indices have been increasingly explored as possible proxies for biodiversity,yet in complex environments non-avian sounds often mask bird vocalizations,compromising assessment accuracy and ecological representativeness.To address this,we developed an integrated framework that combines deep learning-based soundscape classification with a threshold-optimized strategy for removing non-avian recordings.A multilabel model was trained to identify 12 representative soundscape categories.Non-avian recordings were then removed using threshold criteria optimized through systematic evaluation of threshold combinations,maximizing correlations between six acoustic indices[acoustic complexity index(ACI),acoustic diversity index(ADI),acoustic evenness index(AEI),bioacoustic index(BIO),normalized difference soundscape index(NDSI),acoustic entropy index(H)]and bird vocal activity while retaining as much useable recording data as possible to avoid excessive reduction of sample size.To validate the effectiveness of our framework,generalized additive models and random forest regressions were used to compare diel patterns and predict bird vocal activity before and after removal.Using data from 19 passive acoustic recorders in the Central Green Forest Park,Beijing,we found insect sounds exerted the strongest masking effect on relationships between indices and bird vocal activity.Applying optimized removal improved temporal alignment of indices with bird vocal activity and enhanced predictive performance.This study demonstrates that threshold-guided removal of non-avian recordings strengthen the ecological interpretability and predictive utility of acoustic indices in biodiversity monitoring. 展开更多
关键词 Acoustic indices Bird vocal activity Non-target removal Soundscape classification Urban Environment
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Spatial pattern of hourly precipitation events in China revealed by precipitation event detection indices 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 ZHANG Yihui LIANG Kang LIU Changming 《Journal of Geographical Sciences》 SCIE CSCD 2026年第1期129-148,共20页
Precipitation events,which follow a life cycle of initiation,development,and decay,represent the fundamental form of precipitation.Comprehensive and accurate detection of these events is crucial for effective water re... Precipitation events,which follow a life cycle of initiation,development,and decay,represent the fundamental form of precipitation.Comprehensive and accurate detection of these events is crucial for effective water resource management and flood control.However,current investigations on their spatio-temporal patterns remain limited,largely because of the lack of systematic detection indices that are specifically designed for precipitation events,which constrains event-scale research.In this study,we defined a set of precipitation event detection indices(PEDI)that consists of five conventional and fourteen extreme indices to characterize precipitation events from the perspectives of intensity,duration,and frequency.Applications of the PEDI revealed the spatial patterns of hourly precipitation events in China and its first-and second-order river basins from 2008 to 2017.Both conventional and extreme precipitation events displayed spatial distribution patterns that gradually decreased in intensity,duration,and frequency from southeast to northwest China.Compared with those in northwest China,the average values of most PEDIs in southeast China were usually 2-10 times greater for first-order river basins and 3-15 times greater for second-order basins.The PEDI could serve as a reference method for investigating precipitation events at global,regional,and basin scales. 展开更多
关键词 precipitation events precipitation event detection indices(PEDI) spatial heterogeneity IETD(inter-event time definition)method
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Comparison of triglyceride-glucose index and its derived indices as markers for adverse pregnancy outcomes 认领 引用
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作者 Shu-Yu Li Mei-Mei Hu +6 位作者 Lan-Lan Xiang Yi-Tian Zhu Yun Liu Yi-Ting Chen Ya-Jun Chen Yu Zeng Tian-Ying Zhong 《World Journal of Diabetes》 SCIE 2026年第5期130-143,共14页
BACKGROUND Insulin resistance(IR)and obesity are key risk factors for adverse pregnancy outcomes(APOs).While the triglyceride-glucose(TyG)index is a reliable surrogate for IR,its independent predictive utility during ... BACKGROUND Insulin resistance(IR)and obesity are key risk factors for adverse pregnancy outcomes(APOs).While the triglyceride-glucose(TyG)index is a reliable surrogate for IR,its independent predictive utility during pregnancy may be limited.Consequently,novel composite indices combining the TyG index with obesity metrics have been proposed.However,a systematic comparison of their predictive performance for APOs is currently lacking.AIM To compare the predictive performance of the TyG index and its derived indices for APOs.METHODS A retrospective cohort study included 10422 pregnant women from Eastern China.The TyG index was calculated using fasting triglycerides and glucose.The TyG-derived indices were computed by integrating TyG with body mass index(BMI),waist circumference and waist-to-height ratio(WHtR).Logistic regression,restricted cubic spline(RCS)models,and receiver operating characteristic(ROC)analyses were utilized to evaluate associations and predictive performance.Subgroup analyses stratified by maternal age and pre-pregnancy BMI were conducted to assess consistency.RESULTS Higher levels of TyG and its derivatives were independently associated with increased risks of gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM),hypertensive disorders of pregnancy(HDP),cesarean delivery(CD),large for gestational age(LGA)(all P for trend<0.05).After adjustment,TyG-BMI showed the strongest association with HDP[odds ratio(OR)=1.46,95%confidence interval(CI):1.14-1.87]and LGA(OR=3.28,95%CI:2.75-3.91)when comparing the top vs bottom tertile.RCS analysis revealed primarily linear associations,with non-linear trends observed for LGA.ROC analysis indicated that all derived indices demonstrated superior performance over the TyG index alone in predicting HDP,CD,and LGA,while TyG-WHtR provided a marginal improvement in GDM prediction.The robustness of the findings was validated through additional subgroup analyses.CONCLUSION Both TyG and its derived indices are valuable markers for the early prediction of APOs.Among these,TyG-BMI may represent a promising indicator for identifying the high-risk population. 展开更多
关键词 Triglyceride-glucose index Derived triglyceride-glucose indices Insulin resistance Maternal obesity Adverse pregnancy outcomes
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Extraterrestrial rock mechanics and brittleness indices of simulated Martian rocks with implications for in-situ resource utilization on Mars 认领 引用
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作者 Carol Mgiba Oladoyin Kolawole 《International Journal of Mining Science and Technology》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2026年第7期1345-1358,共14页
Brittleness Index(BI),while not universally standardized,is one of the most critical parameters in the assessment of rock failure behavior,drillability,and excavation efficiency in mining;however,its applicability to ... Brittleness Index(BI),while not universally standardized,is one of the most critical parameters in the assessment of rock failure behavior,drillability,and excavation efficiency in mining;however,its applicability to extraterrestrial environments remains poorly constrained for the In-Situ Resource Utilization(ISRU)mission on Mars.This study qualitatively and quantitatively investigated the mechanistic attributes(compressive strength,σc;tensile strength,σt)and BI of simulated Martian rocks under distinct conditions.Martian analog rock specimens,developed using Mars Global Simulant,were subjected to controlled bulk-scale mechanical tests(uniaxial compression and Brazilian disc tests)to determineσcandσt,supported by SEM-EDS analyses,to validate mineralogical similarity with Martian samples.Results revealed that the simulated Martian rocks are representative of Jezero crater lithologies and exhibit behavior characterized by linear elastic deformation followed by abrupt failure under stress.A gravity-modified brittleness index(BIM1,BIM2,BIM3,and BIM4)was proposed,which yielded lower brittleness thresholds consistent with a mechanically weaker Martian lithosphere.Further,the Martian-specific brittleness classification indicated that the analog Martian rocks fall predominantly within low-tomoderately brittle categories(0.1<BIM4<9.3)under Martian conditions,suggesting favorable drillability and relatively low energy requirements for excavation.These findings offer novel insights into the feasibility of predicting Martian excavation performance for ISRU. 展开更多
关键词 Extraterrestrial rock mechanics Brittleness indices Drillability Mars global simulant In-situ resource utilization(ISRU) Extractability
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A Critical Review of Urban Geochemical Pollution and Health Risks from Harmful Elements Using Geochemical Indices 认领 引用
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作者 Innocent Mugudamani Saheed Adeyinka Oke 《Research in Ecology》 CAS 2026年第1期208-231,共24页
Urban geochemical alteration and transformation are complex processes that affect air,water,and soil,potentially posing serious health risks to the residents.Our health is determined by where we live now,and where we ... Urban geochemical alteration and transformation are complex processes that affect air,water,and soil,potentially posing serious health risks to the residents.Our health is determined by where we live now,and where we have previously lived and how long we have been there.This review explores patterns of urban environmental pollution and public health risks associated with potentially harmful elements.Academic databases including Scopus,Web of Science,and Google Scholar were used to find pertinent peer-reviewed papers,reports,and case studies.It discusses urban environmental and medical geochemistry,focusing on toxic heavy metals of public health concern and their urban sources.Case studies on geochemical anomalies in street dust,atmospheric,lithochemical,and hydrochemical contexts are critically examined.The review evaluates the effectiveness of geochemical indices in assessing pollution and health risk patterns in road dust,soil,air,and water,emphasizing the importance of geochemical background in urban geochemistry and medical geology.Strategies to reduce toxic heavy metal pollution in urban areas are also reviewed to protect public health.Finally,it offers conclusions and recommendations for future research.It is obvious that the environmental geochemistry of soil,street dust,water,and air contain a wealth of information about the state of urban environments.The outcomes of this study will help to raise public awareness of urban pollution and associated health risks,promoting environmental preservation and health protection in urban settings. 展开更多
关键词 Urban Geochemistry Medical Geology Geochemical Indices Health Risk Assessment Heavy Metals Urbanisation
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Quantifying the impact of dust retention on maize canopy spectral reflectance and vegetation indices in dust belt regions:A case study in southern Xinjiang,China 认领 引用
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作者 MA Baodong GAO Shuxian +2 位作者 KANG Ting CHE Defu SHU Yang 《Journal of Arid Land》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2026年第1期101-130,共30页
Sand dust belts span approximately one-fifth of the global land surface.In these regions,dust tends to settle on vegetation surfaces,altering the observed reflectance and affecting remote sensing detections.To enhance... Sand dust belts span approximately one-fifth of the global land surface.In these regions,dust tends to settle on vegetation surfaces,altering the observed reflectance and affecting remote sensing detections.To enhance the accuracy of maize growth monitoring in dust-affected regions,this study aims to quantify the effect of sand dust retention on maize during the tasseling stage in the Kashgar Prefecture,Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,China,by analyzing changes in canopy reflectance and vegetation indices.First,field sampling was conducted to measure the key canopy structure parameters and dust retention levels of maize,and laboratory spectral measurements were performed on leaf spectral properties under gradient dust retention.The measured data were then used to drive the LargE-Scale remote sensing data and image Simulation framework(LESS)model for simulating realistic maize canopy spectra across different dust levels,with validation against Sentinel-2 imagery.Second,on the basis of the simulated and satellite-derived spectra,the dust resistance of 36 common vegetation indices was systematically evaluated,and new robust dust-resistant indices were developed.The results showed that compared with dust-free maize,the canopy reflectance of dust-retained maize followed an increase–decrease–increase pattern,with critical turning points at 735 and 1325 nm.The maximum reflectance difference of–0.11755(change rate:29.002%)occurred within the 735–1325 nm range at 24 g/m2dust retention,and the minimum reflectance difference of 0.04285(change rate:148.950%)was observed in the 350–735 nm range under the same dust retention level.Among the 36 vegetation indices,only the global environment monitoring index(GEMI)and the ratio of transformed chlorophyll absorption in reflectance index to optimized soil-adjusted vegetation index(TCARI/OSAVI)exhibited dust resistance,with GEMI being effective below 6 g/m2and TCARI/OSAVI remaining stable across all levels(average ratio:0.970).The newly developed indices in this study,(RE3–RE2)/(NIR–RE2),(RE3–RE2)/(RE4–RE2),and(NIR–RE2)/(RE4–RE2),retained values within the predefined dust-resistant range over the full dust retention levels of 0–24 g/m2,thus showing a more stable dust resistance compared with the commonly used 36 vegetation indices.Specially,(RE3–RE2)/(RE4–RE2)performed the most robustly in Sentinel-2 imagery,that is,58.020%of pixels were within the dust-resistant range,and an average ratio of 0.937 was obtained for the original-spectra index.This study provides a scientific basis for crop monitoring and management in dust-affected regions. 展开更多
关键词 sand dust retention canopy spectral reflectance LargE-Scale remote sensing data and image Simulation framework(LESS)model dust-resistant vegetation indices tasseling-stage maize Sentinel-2 imagery
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Association of obesity-related indices with chronic kidney disease risk in diabetes:A cross-sectional study 认领 引用
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作者 Dong-Ni Huang Qi Pan +2 位作者 Li-Xin Guo Jing Ma Guo-Gang Xu 《World Journal of Diabetes》 SCIE 2026年第5期144-156,共13页
BACKGROUND Chronic kidney disease(CKD)is a major microvascular complication of diabetes and a leading cause of morbidity and mortality.Obesity and visceral fat accumulation contribute to renal dysfunction,but traditio... BACKGROUND Chronic kidney disease(CKD)is a major microvascular complication of diabetes and a leading cause of morbidity and mortality.Obesity and visceral fat accumulation contribute to renal dysfunction,but traditional measures such as body mass index may incompletely reflect metabolism-related harm from adipose tissue.Although numerous adiposity indices have been developed,comparative evidence on their associations with CKD in adults with diabetes remains limited.AIM To compare 10 adiposity indices and evaluate their associations and discriminative abilities for CKD among adults with diabetes.METHODS This retrospective cross-sectional study included 3526 adults with diabetes who underwent health examinations at a tertiary hospital.A total of 10 adiposity indices were calculated.CKD was classified as estimated glomerular filtration rate below 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 and/or an albumin-to-creatinine ratio≥30 mg/g.Multivariable logistic regression estimated odds ratios per standard-deviation increase,with additional adjustment.Restricted cubic splines assessed dose-response patterns,and discrimination was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve.RESULTS Among the 3526 participants,456(12.9%)had CKD.The CKD group had a higher proportion of men(86.0%vs 80.7%,P=0.007)and a higher prevalence of hypertension(62.7%vs 46.4%,P<0.001)compared with the non-CKD group.In both the primary and the comorbidity-adjusted sensitivity models,all examined indices were positively associated with CKD(all P<0.001).Restricted cubic splines analyses showed no evidence of nonlinearity for body mass index,Chinese visceral adiposity index(CVAI),body roundness index,conicity index,and waist-to-height ratio,whereas the other indices showed evidence of nonlinearity(P<0.05).CVAI had the highest area under the curve(0.637),whereas a body shape index had the lowest(0.526).CONCLUSION In adults with diabetes,multiple adiposity indices are associated with CKD.CVAI shows the best discrimination and may aid CKD risk assessment. 展开更多
关键词 Chronic kidney disease Diabetes Obesity-related indices Chinese visceral adiposity index Visceral adiposity
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Predicting acute kidney injury in septic shock patients using inflammatory indices in the intensive care unit 认领 引用
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作者 Jackson Rajendran Song-Peng Ang +8 位作者 Maria Jose Lorenzo-Capps Carlos Valladares Eunseuk Lee Veera Jayasree Latha Bommu George Altarcha Svitlana Pominov Bryan Gregory Jia Ee Chia Jose Iglesias 《World Journal of Critical Care Medicine》 2026年第1期113-129,共17页
BACKGROUND Acute kidney injury(AKI)is a prevalent and common complication in critically ill patients with septic shock,associated with increased morbidity,mortality,and healthcare resource utilization in the intensive... BACKGROUND Acute kidney injury(AKI)is a prevalent and common complication in critically ill patients with septic shock,associated with increased morbidity,mortality,and healthcare resource utilization in the intensive care unit(ICU).While inflammatory indices derived from standard laboratory tests–such as the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio(NLR),platelet lymphocyte ratio(PLR),monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio(MLR),systemic immune-inflammation index(SII),systemic inflammation response index(SIRI),neutrophil percentage to albumin ratio(NPAR)and aggregate index of systemic inflammation(AISI)–have emerged as promising biomarkers for systemic immune activation in critical illness,their direct value as predictors of AKI in large ICU cohorts remains uncertain.AIM To evaluate the predictive value of inflammatory indices derived from standard laboratory tests as predictors of AKI in ICU patients with septic shock.METHODS This retrospective cohort study utilized the eICU Collaborative Research Database,including adult patients with septic shock admitted to over 200 ICUs across the United States from 2014 to 2015.Patients with pre-existing endstage renal disease,death within 24 hours,or insufficient data for inflammatory indices were excluded.Inflammatory markers(NLR,PLR,MLR,NPAR,SII,SIRI,AISI)and clinical variables were analyzed.Multivariable logistic regression,principal component analysis,and multilayer perceptron neural network modeling were employed to identify independent predictors of AKI,defined by Kidney Disease Global Outcomes criteria.RESULTS Among 12660 septic shock patients,6552(51.7%)developed AKI during their ICU stay.Patients with AKI were older,had higher body mass index and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment scores,and a greater burden of comorbidities such as chronic kidney disease and diabetes.Univariate analysis showed significantly higher levels of NLR,MLR,SII,NPAR,SIRI,and AISI in the AKI group,suggesting an association between systemic inflammation and kidney injury.However,these indices displayed strong multicollinearity with other clinical and laboratory variables.In logistic regression,traditional predictors such as baseline serum creatinine,blood urea nitrogen,Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score,chronic kidney disease,vasopressor use,and selected comorbidities remained independently associated with AKI,while most individual inflammatory indices did not retain independent significance due to multicollinearity.To address this,principal component analysis employed,which identified three major components–an inflammatory/hematological component,a metabolicenal/inflammatory component,and an electrolyte/age component.Incorporating these composite dimensions into predictive models significantly improved discrimination for AKI risk.Neural network models further expounded the contribution of both clinical factors and the combined inflammatory/metabolic dimension to accurate AKI prediction,capturing complex interactions and non-linear relationships not evident in traditional regression models.CONCLUSION In ICU patients with septic shock,composite inflammatory indices are elevated in those who develop AKI and may serve as important markers of risk.However,after accounting for multicollinearity and confounding,these markers alone offer limited incremental predictive value over traditional clinical and laboratory risk factors. 展开更多
关键词 Acute kidney injury Septic shock Inflammatory indices eICU Collaborative Research Database Principal component analysis Machine learning Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio Systemic immune-inflammation index Aggregate index of systemic inflammation Monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio
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Numerical Computations and Tail Asymptotics for Stationary Indices of a Discrete-time Queue 认领 引用
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作者 Hong-Bo Zhang 《Journal of the Operations Research Society of China》 EI CSCD 2026年第2期730-747,共18页
This paper considers numerical computations and tail asymptotics for stationary queue length and sojourn time distribution of the Geo/T-IPH/1 queue,where T-IPH denotes the discrete-time phase type distribution defined... This paper considers numerical computations and tail asymptotics for stationary queue length and sojourn time distribution of the Geo/T-IPH/1 queue,where T-IPH denotes the discrete-time phase type distribution defined on a birth and death chain with countably many states.By analysis of probability generating functions,recursive formulas for queue length and sojourn time,and factorial moments of queue length and sojourn time are given.Moreover,a complete characterization of the regions of system parameters for exact tail asymptotic characterizations for such indices is also given,and the results show that there are three types of exact tail asymptotics for the indices in different regions. 展开更多
关键词 Tail asymptotics Geometric decay Geo/T-IPH/1 queue Stationary indices Generating functions
Nonlinear effects and threshold regulation of landscape pattern indices on ecosystem services:a case study of Qilian Mountain National Park 认领 引用
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作者 PEI Ruian MA Binbin +2 位作者 SU Jingjing HOU Xiaohua ZHANG Yike 《Journal of Arid Land》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2026年第6期968-993,共26页
Accelerated global climate change and intensified human activities profoundly alter landscape patterns and ecosystem services(ESs),making the quantitative evaluation of their dynamic interactions essential for advanci... Accelerated global climate change and intensified human activities profoundly alter landscape patterns and ecosystem services(ESs),making the quantitative evaluation of their dynamic interactions essential for advancing regional sustainable development.This study focused on Qilian Mountain National Park and employed FRAGSTATS 4.2 to analyze the landscape pattern evolution from 2000 to 2020.The Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs(InVEST)model was used to assess five key ESs:water yield(WY),carbon storage(CS),water quality purification(ND),soil retention(SR),and habitat quality(HQ).Ecosystem service bundles(ESBs)were identified using a self-organizing map(SOM)approach,and nonlinear relationships between landscape pattern indices and ESs were examined using the Boosted Regression Tree(BRT)model combined with spearman correlation and clustered heatmap analyses.The results indicated that the landscape pattern of Qilian Mountain National Park exhibits a clear east to west gradient.The spatiotemporal dynamics of ESs showed divergent trends,with CS and ND consistently improving,whereas WY exhibited pronounced nonlinear fluctuations.ESBs were classified into four types:ESB I(ecosystem transition bundle),ESB II(ecosystem regulation and protection bundle),ESB III(ecosystem degradation and protection bundle),and ESB IV(ecosystem restoration bundle),reflecting a shift from single function dominance toward multifunctional synergies.A nonlinear coupling relationship existed between landscape pattern indices and total ecosystem services(TES),characterized by a notable decline in TES and continued degradation of ES performance and stability.Together,this study provides a robust scientific foundation for developing differentiated zoning management strategies.The findings deliver valuable scientific insights for the management of ESs in the Qilian Mountain National Park and similar mountain ecosystems,while offering a reference for promoting sustainable development in fragile ecological regions worldwide. 展开更多
关键词 landscape pattern indices ecosystem services(ESs) self-organizing map(SOM) Boosting Regression Tree(BRT) Qilian Mountain National Park
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Cyclic loading of marble:Correlating the attenuation of the electric and acoustic activities and highlighting criticality indices in terms of natural time 认领 引用 被引量：2
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作者 Dimos Triantis Ilias Stavrakas +1 位作者 Ermioni D.Pasiou Stavros K.Kourkoulis 《International Journal of Mining Science and Technology》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2025年第2期159-174,共16页
The attenuation of the acoustic activity in marble specimens under uniaxial compressive loadingunloading loops is quantified in juxtaposition to that of the electric activity.In parallel,the existence of"pre-fail... The attenuation of the acoustic activity in marble specimens under uniaxial compressive loadingunloading loops is quantified in juxtaposition to that of the electric activity.In parallel,the existence of"pre-failure indiceso"warning about entrance into a critical stage,that of impending fracture,is explored.The acoustic activity is quantified in terms of the normalized number of acoustic hits,their average rate of production and their cumulative energy,and,the cumulative counts and their average rate of change.The electric activity is studied in terms of the pressure stimulated currents and the electric charge released.The analysis revealed that the acoustic and electric activities are linearly correlated to each other,suggesting that they are different manifestations of the same damage mechanisms.In addition,Kaiser's effect,governing the acoustic activity,is found to govern,also,the electric activity.Moreover,it is concluded that entrance into the critical stage is safely predicted by means of a simple criterion,based on the evolution of the average rate of change of the normalized cumulative counts in the natural time domain.These predictions are almost identical with those of the criterion based on the "varianceo" and the "entropies" of the time series of acoustic events in this domain. 展开更多
关键词 Marble cyclic loading Acoustic emissions Kaiser's effect Pressure stimulated currents Criticality indices Natural time
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Predictive ability of lipid indices for large-for-gestational-age infants in pregnant females with gestational diabetes mellitus 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 Lan-Lan Xiang Jie Feng +5 位作者 Shu-Yu Li Yi-Tian Zhu Ya-Jun Chen Tian-Ying Zhong Ye-Fei Zhu Yu Zeng 《World Journal of Diabetes》 SCIE 2025年第7期124-136,共13页
BACKGROUND The primary complication associated with gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)is delivery of an infant that is large for gestational age(LGA).Epidemiological findings have demonstrated that irregular lipid met... BACKGROUND The primary complication associated with gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)is delivery of an infant that is large for gestational age(LGA).Epidemiological findings have demonstrated that irregular lipid metabolism significantly con-tributes to insulin resistance,a key pathophysiological mechanism in GDM.However,the correlation between various lipid indices and the probability of delivering LGA infants remains inconsistent.AIM To explore the relationships between lipid indices and the possibility of having LGA infants among GDM-affected pregnant females.METHODS Binary logistic regression methods were employed to evaluate the odds ratios and corresponding 95%confidence intervals for LGA according to five lipid indices.Restricted cubic spline models were applied to investigate dose-response relationships.The association between lipid indices and the risk of delivering LGA infants was further investigated among different subgroups.Receiver operating characteristic curves were utilized to assess the diagnostic performance of lipid indices.RESULTS Across crude and adjusted models,females with lipid indices in the upper two tertiles presented a markedly elevated risk of delivering LGA infants compared with the lowest tertile category.Conversely,high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels demonstrated the contrary trend.Restricted cubic spline analyses revealed linear associations between the five lipid indices,except triglyceride levels,and the prevalence of LGA.The subgroup analysis highlighted that the correlation between lipid indices and the probability of LGA was inconsistent.The five lipid indices presented significant diagnostic efficacy,as indicated by receiver operating characteristic curve areas.CONCLUSION Our research demonstrated that lipid indices were effective predictors of the incidence of LGA infants in GDM-affected pregnancies irrespective of potential confounding factors. 展开更多
关键词 Gestational diabetes mellitus Large-for-gestational-age infant Lipid indices Restricted cubic spline Subgroup analysis
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Enhancing patient rehabilitation predictions with a hybrid anomaly detection model:Density-based clustering and interquartile range methods 认领 引用
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作者 Murad Ali Khan Jong-Hyun Jang +5 位作者 Naeem Iqbal Harun Jamil Syed Shehryar Ali Naqvi Salabat Khan Jae-Chul Kim Do-Hyeun Kim 《CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology》 SCIE EI CSCD 2025年第4期983-1006,共24页
In recent years,there has been a concerted effort to improve anomaly detection tech-niques,particularly in the context of high-dimensional,distributed clinical data.Analysing patient data within clinical settings reve... In recent years,there has been a concerted effort to improve anomaly detection tech-niques,particularly in the context of high-dimensional,distributed clinical data.Analysing patient data within clinical settings reveals a pronounced focus on refining diagnostic accuracy,personalising treatment plans,and optimising resource allocation to enhance clinical outcomes.Nonetheless,this domain faces unique challenges,such as irregular data collection,inconsistent data quality,and patient-specific structural variations.This paper proposed a novel hybrid approach that integrates heuristic and stochastic methods for anomaly detection in patient clinical data to address these challenges.The strategy combines HPO-based optimal Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise for clustering patient exercise data,facilitating efficient anomaly identification.Subsequently,a stochastic method based on the Interquartile Range filters unreliable data points,ensuring that medical tools and professionals receive only the most pertinent and accurate information.The primary objective of this study is to equip healthcare pro-fessionals and researchers with a robust tool for managing extensive,high-dimensional clinical datasets,enabling effective isolation and removal of aberrant data points.Furthermore,a sophisticated regression model has been developed using Automated Machine Learning(AutoML)to assess the impact of the ensemble abnormal pattern detection approach.Various statistical error estimation techniques validate the efficacy of the hybrid approach alongside AutoML.Experimental results show that implementing this innovative hybrid model on patient rehabilitation data leads to a notable enhance-ment in AutoML performance,with an average improvement of 0.041 in the R2 score,surpassing the effectiveness of traditional regression models. 展开更多
关键词 anomaly detection deep learning density-based clustering hybrid model IQR regression
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Effective palynological diversity indices for reconstructing angiosperm diversity in China 认领 引用
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作者 Yuxuan Jiang Fuli Wu +3 位作者 Xiaomin Fang Haitao Wang Yulong Xie Cuirong Yu 《Plant Diversity》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2025年第2期244-254,共11页
The utilization of palynological data for plant diversity reconstructions offers notable advantages in addressing the discontinuity of plant fossils in the stratigraphic record. However, additional studies of modern p... The utilization of palynological data for plant diversity reconstructions offers notable advantages in addressing the discontinuity of plant fossils in the stratigraphic record. However, additional studies of modern processes are required to validate or refine the accuracy of diversity results obtained from palynological data. In this study, we used a modern pollen dataset of China to compare the accuracy of plant diversity reconstructions using five different palynological diversity indices(i.e., the pollen species number, Berger-Parker index, Simpson diversity index, Hill index, and Shannon-Wiener index) over a large spatial scale. We then identified climate factors that are most strongly correlated with these patterns of plant diversity. We found that the index that most accurately reflects plant diversity is the Shannon-Wiener index. Our analyses indicated that the most effective indices at reflecting plant diversity are the Shannon-Wiener index and Berger-Parker index. Numerical analysis revealed that palynological diversity(measured using the Shannon-Wiener index) was strongly correlated with climatic parameters, in particular average temperature in the coldest month and annual precipitation,suggesting these factors may be primary determinants of plant diversity distribution. We also found that a threshold value of the normalized Shannon-Wiener index(NH = 0.4) approximately aligns with the contour line specifying 400 mm annual precipitation, serving as a rudimentary indicator for assessing plant diversity in arid versus humid climates. This study suggests that pollen diversity indices have remarkable potential for quantitatively reconstructing paleoclimatic parameters. 展开更多
关键词 Angiosperm diversity Pollen Diversity indices Climatic parameters
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Damage indices for RC columns under three-dimensional excitation 认领 引用
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作者 Zhang Haoyu Mao Chenxi Zhou Wei 《Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration》 SCIE EI CSCD 2025年第2期357-380,共24页
Damage indices are effective in quantifying structural seismic damage.Numerous response-based damage indices have been developed and validated through the hysteretic response of various experimental specimens.However,... Damage indices are effective in quantifying structural seismic damage.Numerous response-based damage indices have been developed and validated through the hysteretic response of various experimental specimens.However,the accuracy of these indices for evaluating damage of RC columns is challenged by fluctuating axial load and irregular horizontal loading paths from 3-D earthquake excitations.This study introduces Diem,a material-based damage model for RC columns under random bidirectional loads and variable axial forces.Section damage indices of the plastic hinge are calculated by integrating the damage indices of concrete and steel fiber elements,considering their distance to the centroid axis.The P-Δeffect index is defined,and the component failure index is calculated using a combination of these indices.A hysteretic simulation and Diemdamage analysis program for cantilever RC columns is developed using Fortran.Three RC columns tested under bidirectional hysteretic loading are simulated to calibrate the program.Parameter analysis of 1,638 RC columns is conducted to verify Diem’s applicability.The results demonstrated that Diem’s failure assessment aligns with the 80%residual criterion.Diemanalysis of a real seismic damaged RC column shows satisfactory agreement with post-earthquake damage assessment and illustrates significant damage differences between columns with and without axial load fluctuation. 展开更多
关键词 damage indices three-dimensional seismic loading material damage indices integration of element materials
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Limitation of RGB-Derived Vegetation Indices Using UAV Imagery for Biomass Estimation during Buckwheat Flowering 认领 引用
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作者 E.M.B.M.Karunathilake Thanh Tuan Thai +4 位作者 Sheikh Mansoor Anh Tuan Le Faheem Shehzad Baloch Yong Suk Chung Dong-Wook Kim 《Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany》 SCIE 2025年第7期2215-2228,共14页
Accurate and timely estimation of above-ground biomass is crucial for understanding crop growth dynamics,optimizing agricultural input management,and assessing productivity in sustainable farming practices.However,con... Accurate and timely estimation of above-ground biomass is crucial for understanding crop growth dynamics,optimizing agricultural input management,and assessing productivity in sustainable farming practices.However,conventional biomass assessments are destructive and resource-intensive.In contrast,remote sensing techniques,particularly those utilizing low-altitude unmanned aerial vehicles,provide a non-destructive approach to collect imagery data on plant canopy features,including spectral reflectance and structural details at any stage of the crop life cycle.This study explores the potential visible-light-derived vegetative indices to improve biomass prediction during the flowering period of buckwheat(Fagopyrum tataricum).Red,green,and blue(RGB)images of buckwheat were acquired during peak flowering,using a DJI P4 multispectral Drone.From the analysis of those images,four vegetative indices were calculated.Aboveground fresh biomass was harvested and measured on 14 September 2024.The results showed negative correlations between the green-band based excess green(ExG),excess green minus excess red(ExGR),and green leaf index(GLI)indices and the fresh above-ground biomass of buckwheat,while the red band-based excess red(ExR)index showed an insignificant positive correlation at p<0.10.An investigation into greenband-based vegetation indices(VIs)for estimating fresh biomass revealed significant negative correlations during the experimental period.This unexpected inverse relationship is attributed to spectral interference from abundant white flowers during the flowering stage,where the high reflectance of white petals masked the green vegetation signal.Consequently,these green-band VIs demonstrated limited predictive power for biomass under such conditions,indicating that their utility is compromised when floral reflectance is dominant.Therefore,we suggest that further experiments are required to validate this relationship and improve the estimation of fresh above-ground biomass in white-flowered buckwheat plants. 展开更多
关键词 UAV-based remote sensing RGB-derived vegetative indices biomass prediction buckwheat white flowers
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Associations between Red Cell Indices and Cerebral Blood Flow Velocity in High Altitude 认领 引用
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作者 Haolun Sun Taiming Zhang +9 位作者 Dongyu Fan Haoxiang Wang Luran Xu Qing Du Jun Liang Li Zhu Xu Wang Li Lei Xiaoshu Li Wangsheng Jin 《Biomedical and Environmental Sciences》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2025年第10期1314-1319,共6页
Ischemic stroke is the leading cause of death in the Chinese population.The incidence of cerebral infarction is higher in high-altitude regions,particularly those above 3,500 m,than in populations residing at lower al... Ischemic stroke is the leading cause of death in the Chinese population.The incidence of cerebral infarction is higher in high-altitude regions,particularly those above 3,500 m,than in populations residing at lower altitudes[1].There are various speculations regarding the mechanisms behind this phenomenon,one of which is that the low oxygen content and cold climate at high altitudes may increase the occurrence of vascular diseases[2].The multifactorial effect of high-altitude environments on residential populations makes it challenging for researchers to determine the specific pathways through which these diseases occur. 展开更多
关键词 red cell indices cold climate high altitude oxygen content cerebral infarction cerebral blood flow velocity ischemic stroke vascular diseases
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Tectonic Uplift Variations along the Danghe Nan Shan Constrained by Fluvial Geomorphic Indices 认领 引用
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作者 Yanxiu Shao Xucong Zheng +1 位作者 Wei Wang Xiaobo Zou 《Journal of Earth Science》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2025年第4期1829-1834,共6页
0 INTRODUCTION The Qilian Mountain Belt,at the forefront of the Tibetan Plateau's expansion,offers key insights into the plateau's tectonic deformation(Zuza et al.,2018;Zheng et al.,2010;Zhang et al.,2004;Tapp... 0 INTRODUCTION The Qilian Mountain Belt,at the forefront of the Tibetan Plateau's expansion,offers key insights into the plateau's tectonic deformation(Zuza et al.,2018;Zheng et al.,2010;Zhang et al.,2004;Tapponnier et al.,2001;Meyer et al.,1998).The northwest-trending mountain ranges in the Qilian Shan(“Shan”means“Mountain”in Chinese)have significantly influenced this deformation(Zheng et al.,2013). 展开更多
关键词 Qilian Shan Qilian Mountain Belt fluvial geomorphic indices tectonic uplift plateau deformation plateaus tectonic deformation zuza tibetan plateaus
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Spatio-temporal variations in air/ground freezing–thawing indices along the China–Nepal Highway during 1987–2017 认领 引用
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作者 ZHANG Tianqi LUO Tao +2 位作者 ZHANG Chonglei YU Wenbing PEI Wansheng 《Journal of Mountain Science》 SCIE CSCD 2025年第2期521-536,共16页
Freezing–thawing indices serve as a comprehensive indicator of both the duration of the freezinghawing periods and the degree of cold and heat in a given region.In-depth analysis of the freezing-thawing indices not o... Freezing–thawing indices serve as a comprehensive indicator of both the duration of the freezinghawing periods and the degree of cold and heat in a given region.In-depth analysis of the freezing-thawing indices not only enables the prediction of permafrost distribution and its dynamic changes,but also facilitates the assessment of damage risk to infrastructure under freeze-thaw action.In this paper,the air/ground freezing–thawing indices from 1987 to 2017,based on daily temperature observations from meteorological stations along the China–Nepal Highway(CNH),were calculated,and their spatial and temporal variation patterns were analyzed.The results showed that:(1)Both mean annual air temperature and mean annual ground surface temperature along the CNH fluctuated upward,with climate tendency rates of 0.43 and 0.52.C·(10a)~(-1),respectively;(2)The number of days with negative air temperature and ground temperature showed fluctuated downward,with change rates of-8.6 and-8.3 d·(10a)~(-1),respectively;(3)The ranges of air freezing index,air thawing index,ground freezing index,and ground thawing index over the years were 157.05-458.88°C·d,2034.20-2560.73°C·d,108.78-396.83°C·d,and 3515.25-4288.67°C·d,respectively.The climate tendency rates were-5.42,10.22,-6.79,and 12.14.C·d·a-1,respectively,showing a general warming trend;(4)The air freezing index,ground freezing index,and ground thawing index changed abruptly in 1999,2000,and 2002,respectively,evincing significant changes after 2002.The research results can provide a basis for the risk assessment of freezing–thawing erosion and the prevention and control of permafrost engineering diseases along the CNH. 展开更多
关键词 China–Nepal Transportation Corridor China–Nepal Highway Freezing–thawing indices Spatio–temporal change
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