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Forensic DNA phenotyping:construction and evaluation of a 19SNPs phenotype prediction system based on the Chinese population 认领 引用
1
作者 Chudong Wang Dan Wen +6 位作者 Weifeng Qu Ruyi Xu Yi Liu Hongtao Jia Xuan Tang Jienan Li Lagabaiyila Zha 《Forensic Sciences Research》 CSCD 2026年第1期50-61,共12页
Personal identification is an important application of forensic DNA identification,but its success rate is often constrained by the size of the available DNA database.Forensic DNA phenotyping(FDP)can reveal the extern... Personal identification is an important application of forensic DNA identification,but its success rate is often constrained by the size of the available DNA database.Forensic DNA phenotyping(FDP)can reveal the externally visible characteristics(EVCs)of unknown individuals,thereby narrowing the scope of investigations.However,current phenotypic prediction systems mainly focus on pigmentation traits and lack data specific to Chinese populations.Based on previous phenotypic studies,we designed a phenotypic detection system containing 19 SNP loci,which can detect 13 phenotypes by capillary electrophoresis.Sensitivity,degradation,species specificity,and ancestral inference were assessed.A population study was conducted using samples from 110 individuals from Northern China.The total discrimination power(TDP)of this system was 0.999996560449156,and a complete map from the total input DNA was as low as 250 pg.This system was species-specific,resistant to PCR inhibition,and capable of detecting degraded samples.All alleles were detected from artificially highly degraded DNA after 100 min of boiling water bath treatment.Additionally,the replication study of the Chinese population shows that the inference model built based on the SNP genotyping result in the composite detection system has high prediction accuracy in a variety of phenotypes,such as Asian flushing,body odour and facial features.The AUC values of the Asian flushing and body odour model were 0.87 and 0.98,respectively,and the related SNPs can explain 43%and 51%of their phenotypic variations,respectively.However,the AUC values of the prediction models for other phenotypes in the Chinese population were<0.8.The combined detection system of 19 SNPs and 13 phenotypes can be used for forensic characteristic phenotype inference.To an extent,it can be used to detect degraded samples,identify individuals,and infer ethnicity. 展开更多
关键词 forensic sciences forensic genetics single nucleotide polymorphisms forensic DNA phenotyping SNaPshot phenotype prediction
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An electrokinetic supercharging-capillary zone electrophoresis approach for the forensic analysis of cocaine and morphine in necrophagous larvae 认领 引用
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作者 Nor Wajihan Muda Naji Arafat Mahat +4 位作者 Aemi Syazwani Abdul Keyon Mohamad Afiq Mohamed Huri Hong Heng See Aedrianee Reeza Alwi Sri Adelila Sari 《Forensic Sciences Research》 CSCD 2026年第1期62-72,共11页
Utilisation of necrophagous larvae in forensic investigations has been gaining popularity.To ensure its admissibility as forensic evidence in the court,the development of validated simultaneous analytical methods spec... Utilisation of necrophagous larvae in forensic investigations has been gaining popularity.To ensure its admissibility as forensic evidence in the court,the development of validated simultaneous analytical methods specific for this matrix proves forensically relevant.Hence,this present research reported,for the first time,the specifically developed and validated online preconcentration electrokinetic supercharging with capillary zone electrophoresis(EKS-CZE)for analysing cocaine and morphine in necrophagous larvae.The optimum conditions were background electrolyte(30 mmol/L disodium phosphate containing 20%methanol(v/v)),hydrodynamic injection of sodium chloride(40 mmol/L,5 kPa,60 s)as the leading electrolyte,electrokinetic injection of the sample(20 s,+10 kV)and the hydrodynamic injection of L-alanine(100 mmol/L,5 kPa,10 s)as the terminating electrolyte.The separation was conducted at+25 kV with ultraviolet detection at 200 nm.The linear range for cocaine(58-500μg/kg)and morphine in larvae(72-500μg/kg)demonstrated the coefficient of determination(R2)greater than 0.995.For cocaine and morphine,the limits of detection were 19.14μg/kg and 23.83μg/kg,and the limits of quantitation were 57.99μg/kg and 72.20μg/kg,respectively.The relative standard deviation(RSD)values(intra-and inter-day repeatability)were below 10%for both analytes,with sensitivity enhancement factor values of 680(cocaine)and 620(morphine),respectively.This novel,optimised,and validated simultaneous EKS-CZE method may prove to be applicable for the determination of cocaine and morphine with potential applications in forensic entomotoxicological casework. 展开更多
关键词 forensic sciences forensic entomotoxicology capillary zone electrophoresis electrokinetic supercharging cocaine morphine necrophagous larvae
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Comparative analysis of trace DNA samples for STR typing at the crime scene and from material traces in the forensic laboratory 认领 引用
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作者 Hana Svobodová Kristýna Brzobohatá +2 位作者 Tomás Zeman Radek Mitáček Eva Drozdová 《Forensic Sciences Research》 CSCD 2026年第1期90-98,共9页
Touch DNA,also known as transfer DNA or trace DNA(tDNA),is becoming an integral part of forensic investigations.tDNA is often the only genetic material recovered from a crime scene,as biological material is often miss... Touch DNA,also known as transfer DNA or trace DNA(tDNA),is becoming an integral part of forensic investigations.tDNA is often the only genetic material recovered from a crime scene,as biological material is often missing.The analysis of tDNA is complicated by several major issues that need to be addressed:low quantity,poor quality of the molecule,high risk of contamination,and mixing of DNA profiles.Evidence obtained from tDNA analysis is often considered unreliable,so the forensic protocol should address and overcome the main problems and maximise the usability of the evidence in legal proceedings.This study evaluates the effectiveness of crime scene samples(CSS)and forensic laboratory samples(FLSs)in short tandem repeat(STR)typing using Fisher’s exact test.CSS were collected at the crime scene by swabbing sites and objects,while FLSs were obtained by a forensic geneticist under laboratory conditions from material traces seized at the crime scene.The samples were taken from actual cases investigated by the police of the Czech Republic.The results,analysed using the R software,showed that 56.2%of the tDNA samples could provide STR profiling results of the same quality as samples with proven presence of biological material(semen,saliva and blood).The study demonstrated that tDNA sampling is practical and that DNA profiles generated from tDNA samples have the potential to identify persons at the individual identification level.The study highlighted the need for refinement and development of new techniques to determine the amount of biological tDNA material in the traces of the crime scene and also in the examination of the material traces in the forensic laboratory,as this direction is desirable given the number of traces examined compared to the other biological materials mentioned above. 展开更多
关键词 forensic sciences forensic genetics touch DNA transfer DNA trace DNA tDNA tDNA sampling DNA profiling STR profiling DNA swabbing fingerprint
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Forensic sciences workforce education and training:the technical residency in southern Brazil 认领 引用
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作者 Edson OliveiraJr Luiz F.Lolli +1 位作者 Gustavo N.Ávila Simone A.G.Mossini 《Forensic Sciences Research》 CSCD 2026年第1期154-157,共4页
This rapid communication article highlights a groundbreaking 24-month technical residency programme in forensic sciences designed for recent graduates from diverse fields.This pioneering initiative,supported and funde... This rapid communication article highlights a groundbreaking 24-month technical residency programme in forensic sciences designed for recent graduates from diverse fields.This pioneering initiative,supported and funded by the Secretariat of Public Security(Secretaria de Estado da Segurança Pública,SESP)of the state of Paranáin southern Brazil,aimed to bridge the gap between academic education and training and practical forensic expertise.A group of 46 candidates was selected to integrate into the Scientific Police,working under the direct supervision of experienced forensic expert officers while concurrently participating in a specialized programme at the State University of Maringá(Universidade Estadual de Maringá,UEM).Throughout the residency,participants were immersed in real-world forensic investigations,applying advanced methodologies and contributing to the efficiency and accuracy of forensic examinations.By the programme’s conclusion,33 residents had successfully graduated,earning official certifications that enhanced their qualifications for careers in forensic science.Beyond individual professional development,this residency programme significantly strengthened forensic capabilities in Paraná,setting a precedent for structured,high-level forensic education and training in Brazil.Its impact extends to the broader criminal justice system by fostering a new generation of well-trained forensic professionals,ultimately improving the quality and reliability of forensic investigations nationwide.For future editions,we recommend refining the participant selection process to prioritize candidates with strong scientific knowledge.To minimize attrition from the programme,we recommend increasing stipends and benefits for those who complete the residency. 展开更多
关键词 forensic sciences technical residency specialization programme education training
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Impact of liquid antibacterial soap and hand sanitizer on DNA transfer in forensic investigations:an experimental study 认领 引用
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作者 Francesco Sessa Elisabetta Panepinto +4 位作者 Monica Salerno Mario Chisari Massimiliano Esposito Giuseppe Cocimano Cristoforo Pomara 《Forensic Sciences Research》 CSCD 2025年第2期50-57,共8页
DNA transfer,whether intentional or not,is becoming an important part of forensic evidence gathering and analysis.This study seeks to determine the impact of liquid antibacterial soap and hand sanitizer use on the DNA... DNA transfer,whether intentional or not,is becoming an important part of forensic evidence gathering and analysis.This study seeks to determine the impact of liquid antibacterial soap and hand sanitizer use on the DNA present in the palms of hands that may potentially reduce direct transfer.Twelve volunteers were enrolled and typed.Afterwards,each palm was swabbed without considering previous activities to collect background DNA profiles.Subsequently,each subjectwashed his/her hands for 30 s with antibacterial soap first,and after with sanitizing gel and then air-dried them;after drying,each palm was immediately swabbed for DNA typing.The results of this study demonstrated that the possibility of recovering a complete profile from a hand swab is strictly related to previous activity:considering the results of the samples taken before handwashing,there is the possibility of having a median recovery of 80.01%,while it is very low(median recovery w as 3.43%)after hand washing with antibacterial soap followed by alcohol-based hand sanitizer.Analyzing the results after handwashing,we were unable to detect any drop-in alleles.Moreover,we determined that in 11/12 samples,less than nine alleles were detected:considering that the kit used for the profiling could analyze 23 short tandem repeats(STRs),it is possible to conclude that we obtained inconclusive profiles.Based on the findings of the present study,it is more difficult to obtain a perpetrator’s profile if he/she used liquid antibacterial soap and hand sanitizer immediately before the criminal action. 展开更多
关键词 forensic sciences touch DNA hand sanitizer forensic analysis forensic implications indirect DNA transfer
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Role of dentomaxillofacial radiology in forensic dentistry 认领 引用
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作者 KıvançKamburoğlu 《World Journal of Radiology》 2026年第1期9-14,共6页
Forensic dentistry is one of the important branches of forensic science and it is a branch which offers helpful information for the legal processes including identification of human remains along with age and sex dete... Forensic dentistry is one of the important branches of forensic science and it is a branch which offers helpful information for the legal processes including identification of human remains along with age and sex determination.Dental forensic examination can involve the identification of a single individual or multiple individuals depending on the specific situation.Dentomaxillofacial radiology and radiological examination is a valuable tool for personal identification in forensic dentistry.Utilization of X-ray recordings are essential for many parameters related to identification since they shed light on many issues both in determining current conditions and in comparisons with the past.Comparing antemortem and postmortem radiographs taken from areas such as the skull or teeth is a reliable and objective method for identifying individuals.Radiographs and their proper preservation are crucial for present day assessments,historical comparisons and legal issues when necessary.While intraoral and extra oral radiographs were initially used in forensic dentistry,cone beam computed tomography application gained popularity in recent years.The use of radiology in forensic dentistry is not only necessary for identification,but also for age determination in mass casualties and disasters.The purpose of this mini-review is to provide information on the use of dental radiology in forensic dentistry. 展开更多
关键词 Dentomaxillofacial radiology Forensic dentistry Radiography Diagnostic imaging Dentistry
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Relationship between psychological symptoms and professional reintegration after an occupational accident:a Portuguese cross-sectional forensic study 认领 引用
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作者 Isabel Almeida Pedro M.Teixeira +1 位作者 Jose Manuel Teixeira Teresa Magalhães 《Forensic Sciences Research》 CSCD 2026年第1期142-153,共12页
Occupational accidents(OAs)are stressful life events with the potential to trigger temporary or long-lasting psychological symptoms that can affect the capacity to resume work and/or the extent of permanent profession... Occupational accidents(OAs)are stressful life events with the potential to trigger temporary or long-lasting psychological symptoms that can affect the capacity to resume work and/or the extent of permanent professional disability(PD).This study aimed to analyse the relationship between psychological symptoms reported at the end of the OA recovery and rehabilitation process and both professional reintegration and PD.A cross-sectional study using a convenience sample(n=101)was conducted over a 6-month time span at a Portuguese insurance company after the medico-legal examination.The participants underwent a semi-structured interview and completed self-reported psychological measures.Information regarding current professional status(active vs.inactive)and the assignment of a PD rate(with vs.without)was collected.Most of the participants(80.2%)were already professionally active,and 54.5%were assigned a PD.With respect to the psychological measures,the participants reported a moderate or above level of self-perceived in the following:emotional pain(71.3%),difficulties at work and social adjustment(WSA)(61.4%),anxiety(40.6%),and depression(35.6%).Reported symptoms of depression and WSA difficulties were greater in the professionally inactive group and were correlated with professional status.Reported symptoms of WSA difficulties were shown to be good predictors of professional status.The PD-assigned group presented higher WSA difficulty levels and was a good predictor of PD attribution.The findings shed light on the potential impact of reported depression symptoms and WSA difficulties on professional reintegration,stressing the importance of psychological assessment and support(when needed)during recovery and professional rehabilitation processes. 展开更多
关键词 forensic sciences occupational accident psychological symptoms professional outcomes medico-legal outcomes professional rehabilitation professional reintegration
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Detection of semen in forensic samples 认领 引用
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作者 Laura Cainé António Amorim +1 位作者 Agostinho Almeida Jennifer Fadoni 《Forensic Sciences Research》 CSCD 2026年第1期1-11,共11页
The identification of biological fluids is crucial in forensic biological investigations,particularly in cases involving sexual crimes.In such cases,semen is the most frequently analyzed biological sample,serving as c... The identification of biological fluids is crucial in forensic biological investigations,particularly in cases involving sexual crimes.In such cases,semen is the most frequently analyzed biological sample,serving as critical forensic evidence.It can confirm sexual contact and help identify perpetrators through genetic analysis.Regarding semen detection,preliminary tests are classified into two types:presumptive and confirmatory.These tests are used to detect and confirm the presence of semen,respectively,helping to corroborate a victim’s account,identify a suspect,and provide compelling forensic evidence in court.Findings from forensic biological investigations are essential to judicial decision-making.Technological advancements have driven the development of new methodologies to improve the sensitivity,specificity,and effectiveness of semen detection.These innovations contribute to faster and more efficient criminal investigations,paving the way for a future where traditional methods will be complemented by more sophisticated approaches.As these technologies continue to evolve,it is expected that traditional methods will be integrated with modern techniques,resulting in quicker and more accurate criminal investigations.This review aims to highlight the importance of preliminary tests of semen detection in the context of forensic biological investigations of sexual crimes;describe the different preliminary tests used for semen detection in forensic samples;differentiate between the legal frameworks of presumptive and confirmatory tests;demonstrate the historical evolution and current relevance of semen detection tests;present new technologies and emerging methods for semen detection;and promote critical thinking about the use of preliminary tests in forensic biological investigations of sexual crimes,considering their limitations and implications for forensic practice. 展开更多
关键词 forensic sciences semen detection sexual crimes sexual criminalistics
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Single-cell deoxyribonucleic acid typing for forensic mixtures and trace evidence:Opportunities,validation requirements,and reporting limits 认领 引用
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作者 Kyriacos Evangelou Paraskevi Angeli +1 位作者 Andreas Polydorou Thalia Petropoulou 《World Journal of Biological Chemistry》 2026年第2期1-9,共9页
Forensic deoxyribonucleic acid(DNA)interpretation is limited less by genotyping technology than by the biochemical and inferential effects of mixed,low-template,and environmentally complex traces.Single-cell and singl... Forensic deoxyribonucleic acid(DNA)interpretation is limited less by genotyping technology than by the biochemical and inferential effects of mixed,low-template,and environmentally complex traces.Single-cell and single-molecule strategies,including the United Kingdom Research and Innovation-funded single-cell and single-molecule analysis for DNA identification(SCAnDi)program,aim to preserve cellular resolution.They allow investigators to isolate and type individual cells or defined small-cell pools before heterogeneous evidence is converted into a bulk lysate.In selected validation settings,this approach has yielded near-complete diploid short tandem repeat(STR)profiles from small pools,credible genotype sets tightly concentrated on the true genotype across high-order mixtures,and improved access to donor-specific profiles from sexual assault and other complex samples.However,these studies also show important limits.Many operationally successful“single-cell”workflows are,in practice,single-cell-plusconsensus or few-cell workflows.Stochastic effects remain intrinsic,and cell capture itself becomes a probabilistic sampling step.This opinion review explicitly adopts an evaluative stance:It synthesizes recent validation studies and guidance documents to identify the performance thresholds and reporting boundaries that should be met before targeted forensic deployment of SCAnDilike workflows.We argue that casework entry should require measured cell-recovery probabilities,phenotypemisclassification rates,locus-and cell-type-specific dropout and stutter models,quantified contamination and drop-in rates,validated minimum cell counts for consensus generation,and explicit database-upload criteria.It should also require strict separation between sub-source reporting and activity-level propositions.If those conditions are met,single-cell typing can complement,rather than replace,bulk STR analysis and probabilistic genotyping in a narrow but important set of high-value forensic scenarios. 展开更多
关键词 Forensic genetics Single-cell genomics DNA mixtures Laser capture microdissection Digital cell sorting Whole-genome amplification Short tandem repeats Activity-level propositions DNA transfer
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Green clues:unveiling the role of bryophytes in forensic science 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 Jenna Merkel Matt von Konrat +12 位作者 Lloyd R.Stark Andrew Laurence Laura Briscoe Becky Collings Peter Carrington Danny Kreider Juan Larraín Alan Lichamer Gary Merrill Anton Reznicek R.Jan Stevenson Frank W.Telewski J.B.Wells 《Forensic Sciences Research》 CSCD 2025年第3期23-35,共13页
Forensic botany is the use of plant material as evidence to aid in forensic investigations.Bryology is the study of bryophytes,which consist of mosses,liverworts,and hornworts.Botanical evidence as a whole,and more sp... Forensic botany is the use of plant material as evidence to aid in forensic investigations.Bryology is the study of bryophytes,which consist of mosses,liverworts,and hornworts.Botanical evidence as a whole,and more specifically potential bryophyte evidence,is an underused potential tool that can provide crucial information in criminal investigations.This paper(i)outlines a review of all bryophyte applications to forensic science,to the best of our knowledge,(ii)demonstrates the potential of using this type of evidence,(iii)presents details into each case,and(iv)highlights the various uses of bryophytes as forensic evidence.From our review,all cases have seemingly been limited to mosses.The overarching goal is for this review to be a resource that encourages law enforcement to search for plant fragments and microscopic bryophytes. 展开更多
关键词 forensic sciences bryophytes forensic botany forensic bryology mosses
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Forensic Evaluation of Blindness Following Ocular Bee Sting:A Case Report and Literature Review 认领 引用
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作者 Yongping Wei Xian Ju +1 位作者 Di Liang Cenxuelun Zhang 《Journal of Clinical and Nursing Research》 2026年第1期153-160,共8页
This report presents a forensic evaluation of a case involving blindness(visual acuity grade 5)following a bee/wasp sting to the left eye.Through systematic analysis of the patient’s multiple hospital admissions,post... This report presents a forensic evaluation of a case involving blindness(visual acuity grade 5)following a bee/wasp sting to the left eye.Through systematic analysis of the patient’s multiple hospital admissions,postoperative follow-up data,and a review of the pathological mechanisms of ocular injury caused by bee venom,this study comprehensively assesses the injury characteristics,treatment course,and visual outcomes.Bee venom induces severe complications such as corneal damage,uveitis,cataract,and secondary glaucoma through multiple mechanisms including direct cytotoxicity,immune-inflammatory responses,and enzymatic hydrolysis.Despite interventions including anterior chamber irrigation,phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation,and antiglaucoma surgery,the affected eye ultimately lost light perception.Forensic examination confirmed the absence of light perception in the left eye and abnormal visual pathway function,consistent with clinical observations.According to the relevant Chinese disability assessment standard(JR/T 0083-2013,Article 4.2.2),the injury was classified as grade 7 disability.This study provides an in-depth discussion of the mechanisms and key forensic identification points in bee-sting-induced blindness,offering a scientific reference for similar forensic clinical cases. 展开更多
关键词 Forensic clinical medicine Bee sting Ocular injury Blindness Disability assessment
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Humanitarian forensic action in East Asia:where are we now?A concise review 认领 引用
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作者 Zixuan Zeng Yehui Lv 《Forensic Sciences Research》 CSCD 2025年第1期30-35,共6页
Humanitarian forensic action(HFA)is practiced in many parts of the world.In recent years,with the development of forensic humanitarian methods and applications and the increasing inclusion or even prioritization of HF... Humanitarian forensic action(HFA)is practiced in many parts of the world.In recent years,with the development of forensic humanitarian methods and applications and the increasing inclusion or even prioritization of HFA by organizations and institutions,research in this field has evidenced greater depth and diversity,although perspectives from the humanities and some disciplines remain limited.In-depth inquiries into this topic and an analysis of regional humanitarian data reveal the existence of ideological and cultural foundations for HFA in East Asia.At the same time,given past occurrences of natural disasters and large-scale wars in this region,the need and motivation for advancing this field and developing HFA is considerable.Currently,because of a lack of practical experience of HFA in East Asia,research on this relevant topic in the region focuses on the development of humanitarian forensic applications.Consequently,studies reporting on social surveys,psychological care and other methods are limited.It is to be hoped that East Asian countries will improve their practical HFA applications,while simultaneously carrying out social surveys and social scientific research on all aspects of HFA. 展开更多
关键词 forensic sciences humanitarian forensic action forensic humanitarianism East Asia review
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Forensic DNA phenotyping:a review on SNP panels,genotyping techniques,and prediction models 认领 引用
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作者 Nuria Terrado-Ortuño Patrick May 《Forensic Sciences Research》 CSCD 2025年第1期11-29,共19页
In the past few years,forensic DNA phenotyping has attracted a strong interest in the forensic research.Among the increasing publications,many have focused on testing the available panels to infer biogeographical ance... In the past few years,forensic DNA phenotyping has attracted a strong interest in the forensic research.Among the increasing publications,many have focused on testing the available panels to infer biogeographical ancestry on less represented populations and understanding the genetic mechanisms underlying externally visible characteristics.However,there are currently no publications that gather all the existing panels limited to forensic DNA phenotyping and discuss the main technical limitations of the technique.In this review,we performed a bibliographic search in Scopus database of phenotyping-related literature,which resulted in a total of 48,43,and 15 panels for biogeographical ancestry,externally visible characteristics,and both traits inference,respectively.Here we provide a list of commercial and non-commercial panels and the limitations regarding the lack of harmonization in terms of terminology(i.e.,categorization and measurement of traits)and reporting,the lack of genetic knowledge and environment influence to select markers and develop panels,and the debate surrounding the selection of genotyping technologies and prediction models and algorithms.In conclusion,this review aims to be an updated guide and to present an overview of the current related literature. 展开更多
关键词 forensic sciences forensic DNA phenotyping SNP panels prediction models forensics
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Forensic efficiency evaluation of a novel 22-STR panel for kinship testing in Eastern Chinese Han population 认领 引用
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作者 Man Chen Fan Yang +5 位作者 Zhixiao Gao Weifen Sun Xufeng Chu Hui Li Lei Jiang Xiling Liu 《Forensic Sciences Research》 CSCD 2025年第4期107-114,共8页
Short tandem repeats have been essential and fundamental genetic markers used in forensic individual discrimination and paternity testing since their discovery,especially those used in the Combined DNA Index System.Ne... Short tandem repeats have been essential and fundamental genetic markers used in forensic individual discrimination and paternity testing since their discovery,especially those used in the Combined DNA Index System.Nevertheless,in cases of complex kinship identification,such as full-sibling,half-sibling,and uncle-niece relationships,the combined application of additional short tandem repeat loci is necessary to reach reliable identification conclusions.In this study,we evaluated the efficiency of an updated novel short tandem repeat genotyping system for kinship identification in the Eastern Chinese Han population.This 23-plex short tandem repeat system demonstrated strong discrimination power among individuals in the target population,with a combined power of discrimination and cumulative probability of exclusion of 1-2.1071×10-27 and 0.999999999800,respectively.When 74 short tandem repeats were used and the threshold log10(likelihood ratio)was set to 4,the system efficiency reached 0.9999 and 0.7073 for simulated full-sibling and half-sibling pairs,respectively.Furthermore,in two real secondary kinship identification cases,incorporation of the novel 23-plex short tandem repeat system increased the probabilities of the prior kinship hypotheses from 154.2595 and 1031.6995 to 56597.1184 and 134829.7915,respectively,yielding reliable identification conclusions.Hence,it is evident that the novel 23-plex short tandem repeat system has notable potential as a tool for forensic kinship identification in the Eastern Chinese Han population and could serve as a complementary set of short tandem repeat loci for the identification of distant kinship. 展开更多
关键词 forensic sciences forensic genetics short tandem repeat full-sibling identification half-sibling identification case report
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Hydrocarbon forensic chemistry:exploring multiple fr onts-a minir eview 认领 引用
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作者 Lúcio Paulo Lima Logrado 《Forensic Sciences Research》 CSCD 2025年第4期13-19,共7页
Hydrocarbons are a significant class of compounds encountered in various subareas of forensic chemistry,including transportation fuels,fire debris,explosives,post-explosion residues,environmental samples,drugs of abus... Hydrocarbons are a significant class of compounds encountered in various subareas of forensic chemistry,including transportation fuels,fire debris,explosives,post-explosion residues,environmental samples,drugs of abuse,and toxicology.This article provides an overview of the diverse contexts in which hydrocarbon analysis plays a crucial role in forensic investigations,underscoring its importance for forensic chemistry.This is achieved by drawing on the experience accumulated from analyses conducted in these various contexts at the National Institute of Criminalistics of the Brazilian Federal Police,as well as insights gained from a comprehensive literature review.Each topic is briefly discussed separately,focusing on the significance of hydrocarbon analysis and its contribution to solving investigations across different contexts.This review offers a unique perspective that has not been addressed in this manner by the specialized literature,thereby contributing to the forensic community’s understanding of the importance of hydrocarbons in various contexts within forensic chemistry. 展开更多
关键词 forensic sciences forensic chemistry hydrocarbon analysis fuels fire debris explosives and post-explosion residues toxicology environmental samples drugs of abuse
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Forensic science or sciences?The recognition as an independent science and redefinition of expert practices based on transdisciplinary 认领 引用
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作者 Ricardo Jorge Dinis-Oliveira 《Forensic Sciences Research》 CSCD 2025年第3期116-133,共18页
Forensic science explores scientific knowledge to clarify legal and legal issues.Since l started in this area of knowledge in mid-2o07,my priority has been to create a centre of reference and excellence that would adv... Forensic science explores scientific knowledge to clarify legal and legal issues.Since l started in this area of knowledge in mid-2o07,my priority has been to create a centre of reference and excellence that would advance forensic science,an area sometimes based on self-taught practices.Along this pathway,I always considered that we were dealing with an articulated set of"Forensic Sciences"and not with a single"Forensic Science",but I was,at least partially,wrong!This work discusses the competencies of the different forensic subspecialties,seeking to be the starting point for reformulating forensic teaching,research,and public and private forensic activity.It also highlights the concern of offering a certain level of professionalization to forensic science.For this reflection,it was important to follow a path that had its foundations in the study of the historical roots of forensic science,namely the first Portuguese forensic case,to study the revolutionary scientific contribution triggered by the"CSl effect",to understand in depth the competencies of each of the forensic subspecialties and bring this knowledge to specialized pre-and postgraduate training,to promote innovation through peer review of empirical forensic practices to increase the scientific evidence,the development of certification mechanisms for forensic experts and their respective code of ethics,and to open the doors for artificial intelligence to assist the courts and the opportunity that forensic science represents in the development of other areas of health sciences,life,and social behaviour.Thus,it was born,very unconsciously,a scientific project for the transdisciplinary reformulation of forensic activity,but over time,it allowed me to realize that we can have specialists trained in all its dimensions and plenitude.The pillars for the modernization of this science and,ultimately,the law,which,together with education and health,are the three main pillars of society.Not punishing innocent people,leaving criminals unharmed through scientific evidence,seeking justice,and repairing the damage is the supreme spirit of Forensic Science.Our One Forensics model is now being considered to be implemented by other countries. 展开更多
关键词 forensic science forensic sciences multidisciplinary transdisciplinary reformation and professionalization
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A Common Architecture-Based Smart Home Tools and Applications Forensics for Scalable Investigations 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 Sungbum Kim Gwangsik Lee +2 位作者 Jian Song Insoo Lee Taeshik Shon 《Computers, Materials & Continua》 SCIE EI 2025年第4期661-683,共23页
The smart home platform integrates with Internet of Things(IoT)devices,smartphones,and cloud servers,enabling seamless and convenient services.It gathers and manages extensive user data,including personal information,... The smart home platform integrates with Internet of Things(IoT)devices,smartphones,and cloud servers,enabling seamless and convenient services.It gathers and manages extensive user data,including personal information,device operations,and patterns of user behavior.Such data plays an essential role in criminal inves-tigations,highlighting the growing importance of specialized smart home forensics.Given the rapid advancement in smart home software and hardware technologies,many companies are introducing new devices and services that expand the market.Consequently,scalable and platform-specific forensic research is necessary to support efficient digital investigations across diverse smart home ecosystems.This study thoroughly examines the core components and structures of smart homes,proposing a generalized architecture that represents various operational environments.A three-stage smart home forensics framework is introduced:(1)analyzing application functions to infer relevant data,(2)extracting and processing data from interconnected devices,and(3)identifying data valuable for investigative purposes.The framework’s applicability is validated using testbeds from Samsung SmartThings and Xiaomi Mi Home platforms,offering practical insights for real-world forensic applications.The results demonstrate that the proposed forensic framework effectively acquires and classifies relevant digital evidence in smart home platforms,confirming its practical applicability in smart home forensic investigations. 展开更多
关键词 Digital forensic forensic framework internet of things smart home smart home platform
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Forensic investigative genetic genealogy:expanding pedigree tracing and genetic inquiry in the genomic era 认领 引用 被引量：8
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作者 Mengge Wang Hongyu Chen +6 位作者 Lintao Luo Yuguo Huang Shuhan Duan Huijun Yuan Renkuan Tang Chao Liu Guanglin He 《Journal of Genetics and Genomics》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2025年第4期460-472,共13页
Genetic genealogy provides crucial insights into the complex biological relationships within contemporary and ancient human populations by analyzing shared alleles and chromosomal segments that are identical by descen... Genetic genealogy provides crucial insights into the complex biological relationships within contemporary and ancient human populations by analyzing shared alleles and chromosomal segments that are identical by descent to understand kinship,migration patterns,and population dynamics.Within forensic science,forensic investigative genetic genealogy(FIGG)has gained prominence by leveraging next-generation sequencing technologies and population-specific genomic resources,opening useful investigative avenues.In this review,we synthesize current knowledge,underscore recent advancements,and discuss the growing role of FIGG in forensic genomics.FIGG has been pivotal in revitalizing dormant inquiries and offering genetic leads in numerous cold cases.Its effectiveness relies on the extensive single-nucleotide polymorphism profiles contributed by individuals from diverse populations to specialized genomic databases.Advances in computational genomics and the growth of human genomic databases have spurred a profound shift in the application of genetic genealogy across forensics,anthropology,and ancient DNA studies.As the field progresses,FIGG is evolving from a nascent practice into a more sophisticated and specialized discipline,shaping the future of forensic investigations. 展开更多
关键词 Forensic genomics Genetic genealogy Genomic databases Long-range familial searches Identity-by-descent
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Quantifying forensically relevant vertebrate scavenging: a pilot study to develop a methodological framework using Cape grey mongoose (Galerella pulverulenta) as an illustrative model 认领 引用
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作者 Devin Alexander Finaughty Gabriella May French +2 位作者 Kara Sierra Adams Maximilian Jan Spies Victoria Elaine Gibbon 《Forensic Sciences Research》 CSCD 2025年第2期85-96,共12页
Currently, forensic death investigations in the Western Cape, South Africa do not account for vertebrate scavenging activity;however, previous research in the city of Cape Town has shown a significant impact on the ra... Currently, forensic death investigations in the Western Cape, South Africa do not account for vertebrate scavenging activity;however, previous research in the city of Cape Town has shown a significant impact on the rate of decomposition due to scavenging by the local Cape grey mongoose (Galerella pulverulenta). This pilot study aimed to develop a framework to more robustly quantifiably describe and analyse the scavenging behaviour of this species on a single clothed 60 kg porcine carcass in a forensically significant location in Cape Town (i.e., a region of the city with a proportionately large forensic caseload). Feeding behaviours are the focus of this framework and analysis, but non-feeding behaviours in the immediate vicinity of the carcass are also distinguished and described. Additionally, it was assessed whether all behaviours varied in their frequency of occurrence as decomposition progressed. More than 40 h of mongoose interaction with the carcass were recorded using motion-activated infrared-capable wildlife trail camera videography. The highest frequencies of scavenging activity were observed in the abdominal and the eye socket regions of the carcass. Abdominal feeding largely involved soft tissue modification, whereas more intensive activity in the eye sockets suggested a higher likelihood of hard tissue scavenger artefacts being found there. A Kruskal-Wallis test confirmed that some feeding behaviours occur more frequently during specific decomposition stages. For example, scratching is common during the earlier stages of decomposition, ostensibly to create an opening in the flesh. Twisting whilst biting was only observed in latter stages of decomposition, likely due to the increased toughness of the soft tissue as it desiccated. This pilot research offers detailed insight into scavenger behaviours previously unreported in the forensic taphonomic literature, and proposes a provisional method of quantifiable analyses of scavenger behaviours that extends what has previously been published in the forensic taphonomic literature. Local validation of the observations is planned, and international replication of the research for diverse scavenger guilds is encouraged. 展开更多
关键词 forensic anthropology forensic taphonomy Cape Town postmortem interval decomposition scavenging Cape grey mongoose
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Parallel sequencing of 170 STR and 132 SNP markers using the FGID forensic four-in-one DNA typing kit on the DNBSEQ-G99RS platform 认领 引用
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作者 Xiaoyuan Zhen Zhenmin Zhao +6 位作者 Ruocheng Xia Xiling Liu Hui Li Yuzhen Gao Baifang He Chengtao Li Ruiyang Tao 《Forensic Sciences Research》 CSCD 2025年第3期91-99,共9页
Massive parallel sequencing(MPS)has rapidly emerged as a promising technique for forensic DNA typing due to its capacity to simultaneously detect numerous genetic markers and samples in a single reaction,allowing the ... Massive parallel sequencing(MPS)has rapidly emerged as a promising technique for forensic DNA typing due to its capacity to simultaneously detect numerous genetic markers and samples in a single reaction,allowing the direct acquisition of sequence information.In this current investigation,the FGID forensic four-in-one DNA typing kit was employed on the DNBSEQ-G99RS high-throughput sequencing platform to simultaneously analyse two types of forensic genetic markers一short tandem repeat(STR)and single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP).A total of 306 DNA markers,comprising Amelogenin,66 autosomal STR(A-STR)loci,29 X chromosomal STR(X-STR)loci,75 Y chromosomal STR(Y-STR)loci,and 135 SNP(132 A-SNP and 3 Y-SNP)Ioci,were genotyped for 100 unrelated individual samples(50 males and 50 females).As a result,sequence-based STR typing identified 940 alleles on A-STRs,378 alleles on X-STRs,and 519 alleles on Y-STRs.In comparison with length-based alleles,the number of unique alleles based on sequence increased by 58.18%.Additionally,97 new sequence variations were observed at 29 STR loci,and MPS sequence information was obtained for the first time at 42 STR loci.Furthermore,when utilizing sequencebased data,forensic parameters exhibited a notable increase in combined power of discrimination(CPD)and combined power of exclusion for A-STR,a slight increase in CPD and combined mean exclusion chance for X-STR,and a marginal increase in discrimination capacity for Y-STR.Moreover,information data for 132 A-SNPs were acquired.As anticipated,our findings highlight the advantages of MPS in forensic genetic applications while contributing novel genetic data for Asian populations in forensic practice. 展开更多
关键词 forensic sciences forensic genetics massive parallel sequencing DNBSEQ-G99RS STRs SNPs
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