Fan blade off(FBO) from a running turbofan rotor will introduce sudden unbalance into the dynamical system,which will lead to the rub-impact,the asymmetry of rotor and a series of interesting dynamic behavior.The pa...Fan blade off(FBO) from a running turbofan rotor will introduce sudden unbalance into the dynamical system,which will lead to the rub-impact,the asymmetry of rotor and a series of interesting dynamic behavior.The paper first presents a theoretical study on the response excited by sudden unbalance.The results reveal that the reaction force of the bearing located near the fan could always reach a very high value which may lead to the crush of ball,journal sticking,high stress on the other components and some other failures to endanger the safety of engine in FBO event.Therefore,the dynamic influence of a safety design named ‘‘fusing" is investigated by mechanism analysis.Meantime,an explicit FBO model is established to simulate the FBO event,and evaluate the effectiveness and potential dynamic influence of fusing design.The results show that the fusing design could reduce the vibration amplitude of rotor,the reaction force on most bearings and loads on mounts,but the sudden change of support stiffness induced by fusing could produce an impact effect which will couple with the influence of sudden unbalance.Therefore,the implementation of the design should be considered carefully with optimized parameters in actual aero-engine.展开更多
High dimensional data clustering,with the inherent sparsity of data and the existence of noise,is a serious challenge for clustering algorithms.A new linear manifold clustering method was proposed to address this prob...High dimensional data clustering,with the inherent sparsity of data and the existence of noise,is a serious challenge for clustering algorithms.A new linear manifold clustering method was proposed to address this problem.The basic idea was to search the line manifold clusters hidden in datasets,and then fuse some of the line manifold clusters to construct higher dimensional manifold clusters.The orthogonal distance and the tangent distance were considered together as the linear manifold distance metrics. Spatial neighbor information was fully utilized to construct the original line manifold and optimize line manifolds during the line manifold cluster searching procedure.The results obtained from experiments over real and synthetic data sets demonstrate the superiority of the proposed method over some competing clustering methods in terms of accuracy and computation time.The proposed method is able to obtain high clustering accuracy for various data sets with different sizes,manifold dimensions and noise ratios,which confirms the anti-noise capability and high clustering accuracy of the proposed method for high dimensional data.展开更多
Considering that almost all existing solutions of fusing different reconstructed results require experts’opinions and the issue of how to fuse probabilistic results and mixed results has not been discussed.Two soluti...Considering that almost all existing solutions of fusing different reconstructed results require experts’opinions and the issue of how to fuse probabilistic results and mixed results has not been discussed.Two solutions are proposed.The first is based on the Monte Carlo Method(FMCM),while the second is based on the Sub-Interval Technique(FSIT).The method based on FMCM generates sample points according to the distribution of each uncertain result firstly,and then gives out the cumulative distribution function of the final fused result by statistical analysis.The method based on FSIT gets the result fusion interval set according to lower and upper bounds of all interval results and a given length d of each sub-interval firstly,and then calculate the weighted matrix of the result fusion interval.As a result,the cumulative distribution function of the final fused result can also be given out by statistical analysis.Finally,three real accidents are given to demonstrate the methods of FMCM and FSIT,the results of which show that both work well in practice.展开更多
Objective:To obtain fbpB-esxA fusing gene of Mycobacterium tuberculosis(MTU),express the encoded fusing protein in Escherichia coli(E.coli),identify protein acquired,and predict the structure and function of the p...Objective:To obtain fbpB-esxA fusing gene of Mycobacterium tuberculosis(MTU),express the encoded fusing protein in Escherichia coli(E.coli),identify protein acquired,and predict the structure and function of the protein utilizing methods of bioinformatics.Methods:fbpB and esxA gene were amplified from genome of MTB H37Rv by PCR.The fbpB-esxA fusing gene Iigated by(Gly4Ser)3 linker was gained by means of Gene Splicing by Overlapping Extension PCU(SOEPCR), and fusing gene was cloned into expression vector pET-30a.The recombinant plasmid was sequenced and expressed in E.coli BL21(DE3).The protein was identified by Western blot using anti-HIS antibody.Secondary structure and antigenic epitopes of the protein were predicting using tools of bioinformatics.Results:The UNA sequences fbpB-esxA were identical with that published by GenBank.The Ag85B-ESAT-6 fusion protein about 50 kDa comprised 485 amino acids was efficiently produced from expression system in E.coli B1.21(DE3) under the induction of IPTG.Bioinformatics analysis showed the protein contained one transmembrane region and fourteen potential antigenic epitopes.Conclusions:The Ag85B-ESAT-6 fusion protein is successfully expressed with N-terminal HIS-tag.Gel filtration demonstrated that it exists as insoluble inclusion bodies mainly.The existence of linker doesn’t affect immunogenicity of Ag85B and ESAT-6.It will allow lor characterization in vitro and establish a foundation of further function research such as vaccine or diagnostic reagent.展开更多
Based on the fuzzy characteristic of the pulse state and syndromes differentiation thinking mode of TCM, an information fusing recognition method of pulse states based on SFNN (Stochastic Fuzzy Neural Network) is pres...Based on the fuzzy characteristic of the pulse state and syndromes differentiation thinking mode of TCM, an information fusing recognition method of pulse states based on SFNN (Stochastic Fuzzy Neural Network) is presented in this paper. With the learning ability in parameters and structure, SFNN fuses the measurement information of three pulse-state sensors distributed in Cun, Guan, and Chi location of body for the pulse state recognition. The experimental results show that the percentage of correct recognition with new method is higher than that by single-data recognition one, with fewer off-line train numbers.展开更多
The frequent fusing of generator PT (that is, generator voltage transformer) brings inconvenience to the daily work of the power plant, and at the same time, it also brings great influence to the power plant and staff...The frequent fusing of generator PT (that is, generator voltage transformer) brings inconvenience to the daily work of the power plant, and at the same time, it also brings great influence to the power plant and staff along with the non negligible potential safety hazards. Therefore, how to reduce the fusing frequency of generator PT fuse is a problem that needs to be solved urgently in the current power plant work. Based on this, this paper aims to introduce a comprehensive treatment scheme for the frequent slow melting and fusing events of PT fuse at the outlet of generator to meet the safety operation requirements of power plants.展开更多
Satellite rainfall estimate can provide rainfall information over large areas,and raingauge can provide point-based ground observations with high accuracy.With the combination of satellite and raingauge data together,...Satellite rainfall estimate can provide rainfall information over large areas,and raingauge can provide point-based ground observations with high accuracy.With the combination of satellite and raingauge data together,the estimated rainfall fields are greatly improved.This combination method,called 'fusing technique',is discussed in this paper,and the validation for this technique is accomplished with HUBEX IOP data.展开更多
This paper investigates the contradictory phenomenon observed during the annealing process of Cr/Au thin films on fused silica resonators:a decrease in internal friction dissipation accompanied by an increase in resis...This paper investigates the contradictory phenomenon observed during the annealing process of Cr/Au thin films on fused silica resonators:a decrease in internal friction dissipation accompanied by an increase in resistivity.To resolve this contradiction,an innovative thin-film process that suppresses diffusion is proposed.By establishing models for film resistive thermal dissipation and grain boundary friction energy dissipation,the study reveals that the contradiction stems from Cr atomic diffusion at interfaces during annealing.This process causes a sharp increase in resistivity,with the sheet resistance of Cr/Au films rising from 4.2 to 41.8Ω/sq after 2 h of annealing.Concurrently,annealing-induced grain coarsening reduces internal friction,extending vibration decay time from 50 to 127 s.Introducing a W diffusion barrier layer between Cr and Au films,followed by 1-hour annealing at 500℃,eliminates observable Cr diffusion layers in high-resolution TEM images.This reduces sheet resistance by 34%without significant degradation in Q-factor.Experimental characterization confirms that this structure blocks the Cr/Au alloying pathway,significantly suppressing resistance degradation while maintaining low grain boundary friction loss.This approach provides a synergistically optimized solution for fused silica resonators,combining low internal friction with low resistance characteristics,thereby overcoming the limitations of conventional annealing processes.展开更多
Owing to their excellent strength-to-weight ratio,honeycomb sandwich structures have long been favored in impact mitigation and energy absorption applications.Integrating wood-plastic composites into 3D-printed bioins...Owing to their excellent strength-to-weight ratio,honeycomb sandwich structures have long been favored in impact mitigation and energy absorption applications.Integrating wood-plastic composites into 3D-printed bioinspired sandwich designs offers a sustainable path toward enhanced mechanical performance.In this study,the out-of-plane compressive behavior of two 3D-printed bioinspired configurations,traditional Honeycomb Plate(HP)and End-trabecular Beetle Elytron Plate(EBEP),was systematically investigated using both experimental testing and finite element simulations.Fabrication of the sandwich plates involved two material systems:Polylactic Acid(PLA)and PLA reinforced with Wood Fibers(WF).In addition,the microstructures of the two material systems were examined,and a cost analysis was conducted.Results demonstrate that the incorporation of WF significantly improves both the specific load-bearing capacity and specific energy absorption of the structures,with EBEP showing greater performance gains than HP.Microstructural analysis reveals that the performance enhancement stems from multiple reinforcement mechanisms contributed by the WF.The close agreement between experimental and simulation results confirms the reliability of the proposed model and sheds light on the reinforcing role of WF.The EBEP structure made from PLA/WF demonstrates a lightweight,high-strength,and cost-effective solution.These findings offer theoretical support for the development of cost-effective and eco-friendly high-performance energy-absorbing structures.展开更多
Industrial robots,widely employed to boost production efficiency,encounter escalating risks of joint faults as their service time lengthens.However,end-effector motion anomalies may stem from faults in the end-effecto...Industrial robots,widely employed to boost production efficiency,encounter escalating risks of joint faults as their service time lengthens.However,end-effector motion anomalies may stem from faults in the end-effector itself or from motion propagation in other joints.Moreover,the scarcity of fault samples for detection poses significant challenges.Install extra accelerometers for more precise fault diagnosis might increase the system’s complexity and costs.To tackle these challenges,this study leverages the ease of data acquisition to analyze current data from multi-joint industrial robots.A hybrid learning method is proposed for cross-device fault detection to identify the defective joint.This method integrates features from deep networks and spectral analysis to harness knowledge from both other robots and the target robot.An unsupervised model is used to assess the status of the joints based on the fused features.The proposed method’s effectiveness is validated through ablation studies and method comparisons.Results demonstrate that it accurately detects the abnormal joints without misjudgment.展开更多
Polycyclic pyrrole fused indolo[2,1-a]isoquinolins were efficiently generated from alkene-tethered indole derivatives and di–tert-butyldiaziridinone in up to 99 % yield in the presence of Pd catalyst.The reaction lik...Polycyclic pyrrole fused indolo[2,1-a]isoquinolins were efficiently generated from alkene-tethered indole derivatives and di–tert-butyldiaziridinone in up to 99 % yield in the presence of Pd catalyst.The reaction likely proceeded via sequential Heck,C–H activation,and amination process.Varying N-substituents of indole substrates led to indolo[3,2-b]indoles in up to 98 % yields.展开更多
针对传统操作系统课程中的文件系统实验存在模块化认知局限、内核态开发调试复杂度高及平台依赖性制约等问题,提出基于用户态文件系统框架(Filesystem in Userspace,FUSE)的第二代扩展文件系统(Second Extended Filesystem,EXT2)实验教...针对传统操作系统课程中的文件系统实验存在模块化认知局限、内核态开发调试复杂度高及平台依赖性制约等问题,提出基于用户态文件系统框架(Filesystem in Userspace,FUSE)的第二代扩展文件系统(Second Extended Filesystem,EXT2)实验教学改革方案,具体阐述如何通过分层解耦架构设计,构建包含存储介质虚拟化层、驱动抽象层与文件系统实现层的跨平台用户态开发实验环境,采用“基础认知—系统实现—创新拓展”分阶段递进式路径并配套自动化评测体系,最后说明教学改革效果。展开更多
It is well known that deep learning depends on a large amount of clean data.Because of high annotation cost,various methods have been devoted to annotating the data automatically.However,a larger number of the noisy l...It is well known that deep learning depends on a large amount of clean data.Because of high annotation cost,various methods have been devoted to annotating the data automatically.However,a larger number of the noisy labels are generated in the datasets,which is a challenging problem.In this paper,we propose a new method for selecting training data accurately.Specifically,our approach fits a mixture model to the per-sample loss of the raw label and the predicted label,and the mixture model is utilized to dynamically divide the training set into a correctly labeled set,a correctly predicted set,and a wrong set.Then,a network is trained with these sets in the supervised learning manner.Due to the confirmation bias problem,we train the two networks alternately,and each network establishes the data division to teach the other network.When optimizing network parameters,the labels of the samples fuse respectively by the probabilities from the mixture model.Experiments on CIFAR-10,CIFAR-100 and Clothing1M demonstrate that this method is the same or superior to the state-of-the-art methods.展开更多
Additive Manufacturing,also known as 3D printing,has transformed conventional manufacturing by building objects layer by layer,with material extrusion or fused deposition modeling standing out as particularly popular....Additive Manufacturing,also known as 3D printing,has transformed conventional manufacturing by building objects layer by layer,with material extrusion or fused deposition modeling standing out as particularly popular.However,due to its manufacturing process and thermal nature,internal voids and pores are formed within the thermoplastic materials being fabricated,potentially leading to a decrease in mechanical properties.This paper discussed the effect of printing parameters on the porosity and the mechanical properties of the 3D printed polylactic acid(PLA)through micro-computed tomography(microCT),computational image analysis,and Charpy impact testing.The results for both tests were correlated to investigate the relationship between porosity and Charpy impact strength.PLA samples of 1 cm3×1 cm3×1 cm3 were 3D printed at printing temperatures of 180℃,200℃,220℃,and 240℃,and at printing speeds of 50,80,and 110 mm/s,while porosity was measured frommicroCT-reconstructed data.Additionally,impact strength was assessed using a notched Charpy impact tester following ASTMD6610-18.In general,results show that higher printing temperatures and lower printing speeds reduced pore size by improving material flow and fusion,while also increasing impact strength due to better thermal bonding and interlayer adhesion.A maximum 36.8% reduction in mean pore size and a 114% improvement in impact strength were observed at 110 mm/s and 220℃.Conversely,increasing printing speed led to lowerCharpy impact strength.Optimal impact behavior andminimal voids were observed at a printing temperature of 220℃ and a printing speed of 50 mm/s.展开更多
High temperature industries are a critical focus for energy conservation and carbon reduction.As fundamental materials for these industries,refractories urgently require the development of high-performance,low thermal...High temperature industries are a critical focus for energy conservation and carbon reduction.As fundamental materials for these industries,refractories urgently require the development of high-performance,low thermal conductivity,and long service life materials to support green and low carbon development.To achieve refractories with both low thermal conductivity and excellent service performance,porous anorthite-spinel refractories were developed via in-situ decomposition pore-forming technology.The effects of spinel on microstructure evolution,strength,and thermal conductivity were investigated,supplemented by thermodynamic calculations.The results indicated that the porous anorthite-spinel refractory primarily consisted of anorthite and spinel,with minor corundum.Small-sized spinel particles were uniformly dispersed in the matrix,while the spinel reaction layers forming on the surfaces of large-sized crushed powder particles,wrapping around the remaining unreacted particles.The improvement of the degree of direct bonding between anorthite and spinel in the matrix and the small amount of diffusely distributed in situ spinel forced the deflection of the crack extension paths,which was conducive to the enhancement of the compressive strength of porous anorthite-spinel refractory.The optimized composition had 20 wt.%spinel and its apparent porosity and cold compressive strength were 43.6%and 37.8 MPa.Compared to porous anorthite refractories,the porous anorthite-spinel refractories exhibited a 21%reduction in thermal conductivity(500℃),and a 12%improvement in cold compressive strength.Valuable insights for the resource utilization of corundum dust and the design of energy efficient refractory insulation layers in high temperature industries are provided by this study.展开更多
The low frequency line components of the radiated noise from an underwater target usually have both high spectrum level and sustained stability. This feature could be used to increase the detection performance of conv...The low frequency line components of the radiated noise from an underwater target usually have both high spectrum level and sustained stability. This feature could be used to increase the detection performance of conventional broadband energy integration method. The required spectrum level is theoretically discussed when the detection performance of the known line detection is better than that of broadband energy integration method. Under the condition of the target can be detected in line spectrum band, the relationship between the line spectrum level and signal to noise ratio (SNR) is also discussed. This paper proposes a line spectrum target detection method that a matrix using DC jump to fluctuations ratios of sub-band spatial spectrum and beam space output is constructed. This matrix acts as a filter that the line spectrum target with certain frequency and azimuth is passed at most. By fusing with the other sub band results, the conventional detection performance can be improved. At the same time, the applicable condition and detection performance are analyzed in the paper. The simulation and the sea trial data processing results show that the algorithm can effectively extract weak goal line spectrum target under the condition of multi-interference. The algorithm doesn't need multi-frame statistics and the detection performance is closer to the optimal line spectrum method.展开更多
Adding magnesite flotation concentrate powder in the production of fused magnesia has become an important method for reducing costs and improving the yield.However,the extensive use of concentrate powder also reduces ...Adding magnesite flotation concentrate powder in the production of fused magnesia has become an important method for reducing costs and improving the yield.However,the extensive use of concentrate powder also reduces the quality of fused magnesia raw materials,which is a major cause of the reduced slag corrosion resistance and service life of magnesia-carbon refractories.The effects of concentrate powder additions(0,30%,60%,and 90%,by mass)on the chemical composition,phase composition,microstructure,bulk density,and apparent porosity of the produced 97-grade fused magnesia were investigated.The results show that as the concentrate powder addition increases,the bulk density first increases and then decreases,while the apparent porosity first decreases and then increases.The crystal size of the fused magnesia increases,and the pores at the grain boundaries become larger.The CaO/SiO2molar ratio(C/S ratio)in the fused magnesia increases from 1.17 to 4.17.The bonding phases between the fused magnesia grains change from low-melting-point phases such as CMS(CaMgSiO4)and C3MS2(3CaO·MgO·2SiO2)to high-melting-point phases like C2S(2CaO·SiO2),C3S(3CaO·SiO2),and CaO,which is beneficial for improving the high-temperature performance of the fused magnesia.However,during production,the volume effects resulting from the polymorphic transformation of dicalcium silicate(C2S)and the low-temperature decomposition of tricalcium silicate(C3S)create significant voids around the fused magnesia grains.These voids can provide pathways for slag corrosion in subsequent magnesia-carbon products,which is likely the primary reason for the decline in the slag corrosion resistance and service life of carbon-containing refractories made from this type of fused magnesia.展开更多
基金the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51575022 and 51475021)
摘要Fan blade off(FBO) from a running turbofan rotor will introduce sudden unbalance into the dynamical system,which will lead to the rub-impact,the asymmetry of rotor and a series of interesting dynamic behavior.The paper first presents a theoretical study on the response excited by sudden unbalance.The results reveal that the reaction force of the bearing located near the fan could always reach a very high value which may lead to the crush of ball,journal sticking,high stress on the other components and some other failures to endanger the safety of engine in FBO event.Therefore,the dynamic influence of a safety design named ‘‘fusing" is investigated by mechanism analysis.Meantime,an explicit FBO model is established to simulate the FBO event,and evaluate the effectiveness and potential dynamic influence of fusing design.The results show that the fusing design could reduce the vibration amplitude of rotor,the reaction force on most bearings and loads on mounts,but the sudden change of support stiffness induced by fusing could produce an impact effect which will couple with the influence of sudden unbalance.Therefore,the implementation of the design should be considered carefully with optimized parameters in actual aero-engine.
基金Project(60835005) supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China
摘要High dimensional data clustering,with the inherent sparsity of data and the existence of noise,is a serious challenge for clustering algorithms.A new linear manifold clustering method was proposed to address this problem.The basic idea was to search the line manifold clusters hidden in datasets,and then fuse some of the line manifold clusters to construct higher dimensional manifold clusters.The orthogonal distance and the tangent distance were considered together as the linear manifold distance metrics. Spatial neighbor information was fully utilized to construct the original line manifold and optimize line manifolds during the line manifold cluster searching procedure.The results obtained from experiments over real and synthetic data sets demonstrate the superiority of the proposed method over some competing clustering methods in terms of accuracy and computation time.The proposed method is able to obtain high clustering accuracy for various data sets with different sizes,manifold dimensions and noise ratios,which confirms the anti-noise capability and high clustering accuracy of the proposed method for high dimensional data.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China[grant number 51775056]the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province[grant number 2018JJ3544]the Hunan Provincial Innovation Foundation for Postgraduate[grant number CX2018B550].
摘要Considering that almost all existing solutions of fusing different reconstructed results require experts’opinions and the issue of how to fuse probabilistic results and mixed results has not been discussed.Two solutions are proposed.The first is based on the Monte Carlo Method(FMCM),while the second is based on the Sub-Interval Technique(FSIT).The method based on FMCM generates sample points according to the distribution of each uncertain result firstly,and then gives out the cumulative distribution function of the final fused result by statistical analysis.The method based on FSIT gets the result fusion interval set according to lower and upper bounds of all interval results and a given length d of each sub-interval firstly,and then calculate the weighted matrix of the result fusion interval.As a result,the cumulative distribution function of the final fused result can also be given out by statistical analysis.Finally,three real accidents are given to demonstrate the methods of FMCM and FSIT,the results of which show that both work well in practice.
基金Supported by Research Program of The Health Department of Hainan Province(No.2007-44)Research Cultivation Program of Hainan Medical University(HY2010-006)+1 种基金Research Program in higher educational institutes of The Education Department of Hainan Province(No.Hj2010-21)Natural Science Fund of Hainan Province(No.2008~30837)
摘要Objective:To obtain fbpB-esxA fusing gene of Mycobacterium tuberculosis(MTU),express the encoded fusing protein in Escherichia coli(E.coli),identify protein acquired,and predict the structure and function of the protein utilizing methods of bioinformatics.Methods:fbpB and esxA gene were amplified from genome of MTB H37Rv by PCR.The fbpB-esxA fusing gene Iigated by(Gly4Ser)3 linker was gained by means of Gene Splicing by Overlapping Extension PCU(SOEPCR), and fusing gene was cloned into expression vector pET-30a.The recombinant plasmid was sequenced and expressed in E.coli BL21(DE3).The protein was identified by Western blot using anti-HIS antibody.Secondary structure and antigenic epitopes of the protein were predicting using tools of bioinformatics.Results:The UNA sequences fbpB-esxA were identical with that published by GenBank.The Ag85B-ESAT-6 fusion protein about 50 kDa comprised 485 amino acids was efficiently produced from expression system in E.coli B1.21(DE3) under the induction of IPTG.Bioinformatics analysis showed the protein contained one transmembrane region and fourteen potential antigenic epitopes.Conclusions:The Ag85B-ESAT-6 fusion protein is successfully expressed with N-terminal HIS-tag.Gel filtration demonstrated that it exists as insoluble inclusion bodies mainly.The existence of linker doesn’t affect immunogenicity of Ag85B and ESAT-6.It will allow lor characterization in vitro and establish a foundation of further function research such as vaccine or diagnostic reagent.
摘要Based on the fuzzy characteristic of the pulse state and syndromes differentiation thinking mode of TCM, an information fusing recognition method of pulse states based on SFNN (Stochastic Fuzzy Neural Network) is presented in this paper. With the learning ability in parameters and structure, SFNN fuses the measurement information of three pulse-state sensors distributed in Cun, Guan, and Chi location of body for the pulse state recognition. The experimental results show that the percentage of correct recognition with new method is higher than that by single-data recognition one, with fewer off-line train numbers.
摘要The frequent fusing of generator PT (that is, generator voltage transformer) brings inconvenience to the daily work of the power plant, and at the same time, it also brings great influence to the power plant and staff along with the non negligible potential safety hazards. Therefore, how to reduce the fusing frequency of generator PT fuse is a problem that needs to be solved urgently in the current power plant work. Based on this, this paper aims to introduce a comprehensive treatment scheme for the frequent slow melting and fusing events of PT fuse at the outlet of generator to meet the safety operation requirements of power plants.
基金supported by National Basic Research Projects (No.2000048703 and 2001CB309402)
摘要Satellite rainfall estimate can provide rainfall information over large areas,and raingauge can provide point-based ground observations with high accuracy.With the combination of satellite and raingauge data together,the estimated rainfall fields are greatly improved.This combination method,called 'fusing technique',is discussed in this paper,and the validation for this technique is accomplished with HUBEX IOP data.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.6220032779)。
摘要This paper investigates the contradictory phenomenon observed during the annealing process of Cr/Au thin films on fused silica resonators:a decrease in internal friction dissipation accompanied by an increase in resistivity.To resolve this contradiction,an innovative thin-film process that suppresses diffusion is proposed.By establishing models for film resistive thermal dissipation and grain boundary friction energy dissipation,the study reveals that the contradiction stems from Cr atomic diffusion at interfaces during annealing.This process causes a sharp increase in resistivity,with the sheet resistance of Cr/Au films rising from 4.2 to 41.8Ω/sq after 2 h of annealing.Concurrently,annealing-induced grain coarsening reduces internal friction,extending vibration decay time from 50 to 127 s.Introducing a W diffusion barrier layer between Cr and Au films,followed by 1-hour annealing at 500℃,eliminates observable Cr diffusion layers in high-resolution TEM images.This reduces sheet resistance by 34%without significant degradation in Q-factor.Experimental characterization confirms that this structure blocks the Cr/Au alloying pathway,significantly suppressing resistance degradation while maintaining low grain boundary friction loss.This approach provides a synergistically optimized solution for fused silica resonators,combining low internal friction with low resistance characteristics,thereby overcoming the limitations of conventional annealing processes.
摘要Owing to their excellent strength-to-weight ratio,honeycomb sandwich structures have long been favored in impact mitigation and energy absorption applications.Integrating wood-plastic composites into 3D-printed bioinspired sandwich designs offers a sustainable path toward enhanced mechanical performance.In this study,the out-of-plane compressive behavior of two 3D-printed bioinspired configurations,traditional Honeycomb Plate(HP)and End-trabecular Beetle Elytron Plate(EBEP),was systematically investigated using both experimental testing and finite element simulations.Fabrication of the sandwich plates involved two material systems:Polylactic Acid(PLA)and PLA reinforced with Wood Fibers(WF).In addition,the microstructures of the two material systems were examined,and a cost analysis was conducted.Results demonstrate that the incorporation of WF significantly improves both the specific load-bearing capacity and specific energy absorption of the structures,with EBEP showing greater performance gains than HP.Microstructural analysis reveals that the performance enhancement stems from multiple reinforcement mechanisms contributed by the WF.The close agreement between experimental and simulation results confirms the reliability of the proposed model and sheds light on the reinforcing role of WF.The EBEP structure made from PLA/WF demonstrates a lightweight,high-strength,and cost-effective solution.These findings offer theoretical support for the development of cost-effective and eco-friendly high-performance energy-absorbing structures.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52075094 and 51705321)the Shanghai Rising-Star Program(No.22QA1400200).
摘要Industrial robots,widely employed to boost production efficiency,encounter escalating risks of joint faults as their service time lengthens.However,end-effector motion anomalies may stem from faults in the end-effector itself or from motion propagation in other joints.Moreover,the scarcity of fault samples for detection poses significant challenges.Install extra accelerometers for more precise fault diagnosis might increase the system’s complexity and costs.To tackle these challenges,this study leverages the ease of data acquisition to analyze current data from multi-joint industrial robots.A hybrid learning method is proposed for cross-device fault detection to identify the defective joint.This method integrates features from deep networks and spectral analysis to harness knowledge from both other robots and the target robot.An unsupervised model is used to assess the status of the joints based on the fused features.The proposed method’s effectiveness is validated through ablation studies and method comparisons.Results demonstrate that it accurately detects the abnormal joints without misjudgment.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.22271024,21632005)Changzhou University。
摘要Polycyclic pyrrole fused indolo[2,1-a]isoquinolins were efficiently generated from alkene-tethered indole derivatives and di–tert-butyldiaziridinone in up to 99 % yield in the presence of Pd catalyst.The reaction likely proceeded via sequential Heck,C–H activation,and amination process.Varying N-substituents of indole substrates led to indolo[3,2-b]indoles in up to 98 % yields.
摘要针对传统操作系统课程中的文件系统实验存在模块化认知局限、内核态开发调试复杂度高及平台依赖性制约等问题,提出基于用户态文件系统框架(Filesystem in Userspace,FUSE)的第二代扩展文件系统(Second Extended Filesystem,EXT2)实验教学改革方案,具体阐述如何通过分层解耦架构设计,构建包含存储介质虚拟化层、驱动抽象层与文件系统实现层的跨平台用户态开发实验环境,采用“基础认知—系统实现—创新拓展”分阶段递进式路径并配套自动化评测体系,最后说明教学改革效果。
基金supported by SRC-Open Project of Research Center of Security Video and Image Processing Engineering Technology of Guizhou ([2020]001)Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Intelligent Robots and Systems (2018IRS20)National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.61973334).
摘要It is well known that deep learning depends on a large amount of clean data.Because of high annotation cost,various methods have been devoted to annotating the data automatically.However,a larger number of the noisy labels are generated in the datasets,which is a challenging problem.In this paper,we propose a new method for selecting training data accurately.Specifically,our approach fits a mixture model to the per-sample loss of the raw label and the predicted label,and the mixture model is utilized to dynamically divide the training set into a correctly labeled set,a correctly predicted set,and a wrong set.Then,a network is trained with these sets in the supervised learning manner.Due to the confirmation bias problem,we train the two networks alternately,and each network establishes the data division to teach the other network.When optimizing network parameters,the labels of the samples fuse respectively by the probabilities from the mixture model.Experiments on CIFAR-10,CIFAR-100 and Clothing1M demonstrate that this method is the same or superior to the state-of-the-art methods.
摘要Additive Manufacturing,also known as 3D printing,has transformed conventional manufacturing by building objects layer by layer,with material extrusion or fused deposition modeling standing out as particularly popular.However,due to its manufacturing process and thermal nature,internal voids and pores are formed within the thermoplastic materials being fabricated,potentially leading to a decrease in mechanical properties.This paper discussed the effect of printing parameters on the porosity and the mechanical properties of the 3D printed polylactic acid(PLA)through micro-computed tomography(microCT),computational image analysis,and Charpy impact testing.The results for both tests were correlated to investigate the relationship between porosity and Charpy impact strength.PLA samples of 1 cm3×1 cm3×1 cm3 were 3D printed at printing temperatures of 180℃,200℃,220℃,and 240℃,and at printing speeds of 50,80,and 110 mm/s,while porosity was measured frommicroCT-reconstructed data.Additionally,impact strength was assessed using a notched Charpy impact tester following ASTMD6610-18.In general,results show that higher printing temperatures and lower printing speeds reduced pore size by improving material flow and fusion,while also increasing impact strength due to better thermal bonding and interlayer adhesion.A maximum 36.8% reduction in mean pore size and a 114% improvement in impact strength were observed at 110 mm/s and 220℃.Conversely,increasing printing speed led to lowerCharpy impact strength.Optimal impact behavior andminimal voids were observed at a printing temperature of 220℃ and a printing speed of 50 mm/s.
基金financially supported by the Key Projects of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.U21A2058)Research Project of Hubei Provincial Department of Science and Technology(Grant No.2024CSA075)the Chiping Haoxin Industry Co.,Ltd.,Shandong,China.
摘要High temperature industries are a critical focus for energy conservation and carbon reduction.As fundamental materials for these industries,refractories urgently require the development of high-performance,low thermal conductivity,and long service life materials to support green and low carbon development.To achieve refractories with both low thermal conductivity and excellent service performance,porous anorthite-spinel refractories were developed via in-situ decomposition pore-forming technology.The effects of spinel on microstructure evolution,strength,and thermal conductivity were investigated,supplemented by thermodynamic calculations.The results indicated that the porous anorthite-spinel refractory primarily consisted of anorthite and spinel,with minor corundum.Small-sized spinel particles were uniformly dispersed in the matrix,while the spinel reaction layers forming on the surfaces of large-sized crushed powder particles,wrapping around the remaining unreacted particles.The improvement of the degree of direct bonding between anorthite and spinel in the matrix and the small amount of diffusely distributed in situ spinel forced the deflection of the crack extension paths,which was conducive to the enhancement of the compressive strength of porous anorthite-spinel refractory.The optimized composition had 20 wt.%spinel and its apparent porosity and cold compressive strength were 43.6%and 37.8 MPa.Compared to porous anorthite refractories,the porous anorthite-spinel refractories exhibited a 21%reduction in thermal conductivity(500℃),and a 12%improvement in cold compressive strength.Valuable insights for the resource utilization of corundum dust and the design of energy efficient refractory insulation layers in high temperature industries are provided by this study.
摘要The low frequency line components of the radiated noise from an underwater target usually have both high spectrum level and sustained stability. This feature could be used to increase the detection performance of conventional broadband energy integration method. The required spectrum level is theoretically discussed when the detection performance of the known line detection is better than that of broadband energy integration method. Under the condition of the target can be detected in line spectrum band, the relationship between the line spectrum level and signal to noise ratio (SNR) is also discussed. This paper proposes a line spectrum target detection method that a matrix using DC jump to fluctuations ratios of sub-band spatial spectrum and beam space output is constructed. This matrix acts as a filter that the line spectrum target with certain frequency and azimuth is passed at most. By fusing with the other sub band results, the conventional detection performance can be improved. At the same time, the applicable condition and detection performance are analyzed in the paper. The simulation and the sea trial data processing results show that the algorithm can effectively extract weak goal line spectrum target under the condition of multi-interference. The algorithm doesn't need multi-frame statistics and the detection performance is closer to the optimal line spectrum method.
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U20A20239 and U1908227).
摘要Adding magnesite flotation concentrate powder in the production of fused magnesia has become an important method for reducing costs and improving the yield.However,the extensive use of concentrate powder also reduces the quality of fused magnesia raw materials,which is a major cause of the reduced slag corrosion resistance and service life of magnesia-carbon refractories.The effects of concentrate powder additions(0,30%,60%,and 90%,by mass)on the chemical composition,phase composition,microstructure,bulk density,and apparent porosity of the produced 97-grade fused magnesia were investigated.The results show that as the concentrate powder addition increases,the bulk density first increases and then decreases,while the apparent porosity first decreases and then increases.The crystal size of the fused magnesia increases,and the pores at the grain boundaries become larger.The CaO/SiO2molar ratio(C/S ratio)in the fused magnesia increases from 1.17 to 4.17.The bonding phases between the fused magnesia grains change from low-melting-point phases such as CMS(CaMgSiO4)and C3MS2(3CaO·MgO·2SiO2)to high-melting-point phases like C2S(2CaO·SiO2),C3S(3CaO·SiO2),and CaO,which is beneficial for improving the high-temperature performance of the fused magnesia.However,during production,the volume effects resulting from the polymorphic transformation of dicalcium silicate(C2S)and the low-temperature decomposition of tricalcium silicate(C3S)create significant voids around the fused magnesia grains.These voids can provide pathways for slag corrosion in subsequent magnesia-carbon products,which is likely the primary reason for the decline in the slag corrosion resistance and service life of carbon-containing refractories made from this type of fused magnesia.