In this study,the design,analysis,manufacturing,and testing of a 3D-printed conformal microstrip array antenna for high-temperature environments is presented.3D printing technology is used to fabricate a curved cerami...In this study,the design,analysis,manufacturing,and testing of a 3D-printed conformal microstrip array antenna for high-temperature environments is presented.3D printing technology is used to fabricate a curved ceramic substrate,and laser sintering and microdroplet spraying processes are used to add the conductive metal on the curved substrate.The problems of gain loss,bandwidth reduction,and frequency shift caused by high temperatures are addressed by using a proper antenna design,with parasitic patches,slots,and metal resonant cavities.The antenna prototype is characterized by the curved substrates and the conductive metals for the power dividers,the patch,and the ground plane;its performance is examined up to a temperature of 600℃in a muffle furnace and compared with the results from the numerical analysis.The results show that the antenna can effectively function at 600℃and even higher temperatures.展开更多
Spaceborne antennas are essential for remote sensing,deep-space communication,and Earth observation,yet their trajectory planning is complicated by nonlinear base-manipulator coupling and antenna flexibility.To addres...Spaceborne antennas are essential for remote sensing,deep-space communication,and Earth observation,yet their trajectory planning is complicated by nonlinear base-manipulator coupling and antenna flexibility.To address these challenges,this paper proposes a multi-objective trajectory optimization framework.The system dynamics capture both nonlinear rigid-flexible coupling and antenna deformation through a reduced-order formulation.To enhance discretization efficiency,a predictive-terminal hp-adaptive pseudospectral method is employed,assigning collocation density based on task-phase characteristics:finer resolution is applied to dynamic segments requiring higher accuracy,especially near the terminal phase.This enables efficient transcription of the continuous-time problem into a Nonlinear Programming Problem(NLP).The resulting NLP is then solved using a multi-objective optimization strategy based on the nondominated sorting genetic algorithm II,which explores trade-offs among antenna pointing accuracy,energy consumption,and structural vibration.Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves a reduction of approximately 14.0% in control energy and 41.8%in peak actuation compared to a GPOPS-II baseline,while significantly enhancing vibration suppression.The resulting Pareto front reveals structured trade-offs and clustered solutions,offering robust and diverse options for precision,low-disturbance mission planning.展开更多
Battery-free radio systems utilizing wireless power transfer(WPT)further facilitate the miniaturization of neural implants.However,simultaneous monitoring of multiple neuronal activities is required to obtain high-fid...Battery-free radio systems utilizing wireless power transfer(WPT)further facilitate the miniaturization of neural implants.However,simultaneous monitoring of multiple neuronal activities is required to obtain high-fidelity neural signals.Consequently,the integration of numerous channels on a single chip and the wireless transmission of massive multi-channel data pose significant challenges for implantable battery-free neural interfaces.This work introduces dual overlapped on-chip antennas to eliminate the need for a battery in the neural implants and enable high-data-rate backscatter for transmitting the massive data acquired simultaneously from 72 channels.Additionally,an orthogonal coding and sampling technique is employed to reduce both power consumption and area per channel.Fabricated in a 65 nm CMOS process,the proposed chip integrates 72 neural recording channels within a 2 mm×2 mm area and achieves a backscatter data rate of 18 Mbps.展开更多
Global Navigation Satellite System Reflectometry(GNSS-R)remote sensing has demonstrated broad application potential in marine oil spill monitoring due to its advantages such as all-weather capability,wide spatial cove...Global Navigation Satellite System Reflectometry(GNSS-R)remote sensing has demonstrated broad application potential in marine oil spill monitoring due to its advantages such as all-weather capability,wide spatial coverage,and high spatiotemporal resolution.However,the morphological features of Delay-Doppler Map(DDM)provided by GNSSR are simultaneously influenced by factors such as wind speed and surface oil films,leading to high false positive rates in traditional oil spill detection methods.To address this challenge,this study proposes a multimodal recognition framework that integrates both DDM imagery and wind speed information.A dual-branch Residual Network(Res Net)-based feature extraction network is designed to extract high-dimensional features from DDM and wind speed data,which are then fused at the feature level to enable accurate identification of oil-contaminated areas.To alleviate the scarcity of labeled real-world samples,a large-scale synthetic multimodal dataset is generated based on the ZavorotnyVoronovich(Z-V)scattering model for pretraining,followed by transfer learning using a small number of real GNSS-R observations to enhance the model's adaptability to real marine environments.Experimental results show that the proposed method achieves 91%classification accuracy on the test set,significantly outperforming baseline models such as Convolutional Neural Networks(CNNs).Furthermore,the incorporation of wind speed as an auxiliary modality effectively reduces false positives caused by wind-wave interference and enhances the model's sensitivity to oil film signatures.This study provides a feasible theoretical foundation and technical pathway for the application of GNSS-R in marine oil spill detection.展开更多
Modular truss space deployable antennas are key for future large aperture,high precision antennas,already proven in various in-orbit applications globally.This paper introduces a design method for a tetrahedral basic ...Modular truss space deployable antennas are key for future large aperture,high precision antennas,already proven in various in-orbit applications globally.This paper introduces a design method for a tetrahedral basic unit mechanism with dual height positioning nodes.A parametric model is established,and its DOF are analyzed to confirm the mechanism's validity.The new tetrahedral basic unit mechanism constructed by this method is a single DOF mechanism and can locate different parabolic node heights.In order to further adapt to the parabolic and large aperture requirements of the deployable antenna of the truss,a combination unit and modular unit mechanism are developed based on this tetrahedral unit.The DOF and deployment characteristics of the modular unit mechanism are analyzed and validated through simulations.Various networking methods for the modular units are proposed,followed by a comprehensive performance comparison of different modular truss deployable antenna mechanisms.A prototype model of the modular unit mechanism is also developed,with deployment experiments demonstrating the mechanism's simplicity,low DOF,and large deployment ratio.The findings of this study provide a theoretical and technical basis for the future design and development of truss deployable antenna mechanisms.展开更多
To ensure the stability of the laser communication system under complex dynamic loads,an off-axis dual-mirror optical antenna system was developed.Thermal-mechanical coupling analysis and wavefront aberration evaluati...To ensure the stability of the laser communication system under complex dynamic loads,an off-axis dual-mirror optical antenna system was developed.Thermal-mechanical coupling analysis and wavefront aberration evaluation were conducted to predict the aberration under dynamic conditions and verify structural reliability.Based on D'Alembert's principle,an acceleration-temperature gradient coupling model was constructed,and a mapping between rigid body displacement and wavefront error was established.Simulation results indicate that the maximum deformation under composite loading is 0.065873 mm,and the root-mean-square(RMS)wavefront error increases from 0.047λto 0.068λ,remaining within the RMS<0.1λdesign threshold.The initial wavefront RMS measured by the ZYGO interferometer is 0.052λ,deviating from the simulated value of 0.047λby only 0.005λ.This validates the model's accuracy and offers theoretical and engineering support for high-precision optical design in space-based laser communication systems.展开更多
A millimeter-wave(mm-Wave)dual circularly polarized(CP)antenna in gap waveguide(GWG)technology with high port isolation is proposed in this paper.It is consisted of a simplified orthomode transducer(OMT)and an improve...A millimeter-wave(mm-Wave)dual circularly polarized(CP)antenna in gap waveguide(GWG)technology with high port isolation is proposed in this paper.It is consisted of a simplified orthomode transducer(OMT)and an improved multi-section hexagonal waveguide CP horn antenna.The OMT is composed of two metal layers without the traditional septum or iris,which makes the structure simpler.The CP horn antenna can be easily integrated with the OMT without mode conversion.The principle analysis as well as the simulated and measured results of the proposed antenna are given in this paper.The simulated and measured results agree very well with each other.The port isolation of more than 27 dB over bandwidth of 26.5-31 GHz(|S11|<-15 dB)is achieved with relative bandwidth of 15.7%.The axial ratio(AR)lower than 2.5 dB for both left-hand and righthand CP(LHCP and RHCP)are achieved over the bandwidth.The proposed antenna is a candidate for mm-Wave satellite communications or beyond fifth-generation(5G)communications applications.展开更多
In future 6G wireless communications,extremely large-scale antenna arrays and high-frequency bandwidths are expected to play a crucial role.Their utilization increases the likelihood that communication devices operate...In future 6G wireless communications,extremely large-scale antenna arrays and high-frequency bandwidths are expected to play a crucial role.Their utilization increases the likelihood that communication devices operate in the near-field region,where traditional transceiver architectures suffer from broadband beam-splitting effects that signifcantly degrade communication performance.To allieviate this issue,this paper studies the utilization of unique frequency selective properties of dynamic metasurface antennas(DMAs)in near-field uplink transmission.Specifically,we aim to configure the tunable parameters of the DMA to maximize the average beamforming gain across all subcarriers.Morever,we propose a deep reinforcement learning framework to efficiently learn the optimal tunable parameters of the DMA.Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed scheme achieves better beamforming gain performance over all subcarriers compared with existing benchmarks.展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U2241205)the Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi(Nos.2022JC-33,2023-GHZD-35,and 2024JC-ZDXM-25)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universitiesthe National 111 Project to provide fund for conducting experiments。
摘要In this study,the design,analysis,manufacturing,and testing of a 3D-printed conformal microstrip array antenna for high-temperature environments is presented.3D printing technology is used to fabricate a curved ceramic substrate,and laser sintering and microdroplet spraying processes are used to add the conductive metal on the curved substrate.The problems of gain loss,bandwidth reduction,and frequency shift caused by high temperatures are addressed by using a proper antenna design,with parasitic patches,slots,and metal resonant cavities.The antenna prototype is characterized by the curved substrates and the conductive metals for the power dividers,the patch,and the ground plane;its performance is examined up to a temperature of 600℃in a muffle furnace and compared with the results from the numerical analysis.The results show that the antenna can effectively function at 600℃and even higher temperatures.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62173107).
摘要Spaceborne antennas are essential for remote sensing,deep-space communication,and Earth observation,yet their trajectory planning is complicated by nonlinear base-manipulator coupling and antenna flexibility.To address these challenges,this paper proposes a multi-objective trajectory optimization framework.The system dynamics capture both nonlinear rigid-flexible coupling and antenna deformation through a reduced-order formulation.To enhance discretization efficiency,a predictive-terminal hp-adaptive pseudospectral method is employed,assigning collocation density based on task-phase characteristics:finer resolution is applied to dynamic segments requiring higher accuracy,especially near the terminal phase.This enables efficient transcription of the continuous-time problem into a Nonlinear Programming Problem(NLP).The resulting NLP is then solved using a multi-objective optimization strategy based on the nondominated sorting genetic algorithm II,which explores trade-offs among antenna pointing accuracy,energy consumption,and structural vibration.Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves a reduction of approximately 14.0% in control energy and 41.8%in peak actuation compared to a GPOPS-II baseline,while significantly enhancing vibration suppression.The resulting Pareto front reveals structured trade-offs and clustered solutions,offering robust and diverse options for precision,low-disturbance mission planning.
基金supported by the STl 2030 Major Projects 2021ZD0200401.
摘要Battery-free radio systems utilizing wireless power transfer(WPT)further facilitate the miniaturization of neural implants.However,simultaneous monitoring of multiple neuronal activities is required to obtain high-fidelity neural signals.Consequently,the integration of numerous channels on a single chip and the wireless transmission of massive multi-channel data pose significant challenges for implantable battery-free neural interfaces.This work introduces dual overlapped on-chip antennas to eliminate the need for a battery in the neural implants and enable high-data-rate backscatter for transmitting the massive data acquired simultaneously from 72 channels.Additionally,an orthogonal coding and sampling technique is employed to reduce both power consumption and area per channel.Fabricated in a 65 nm CMOS process,the proposed chip integrates 72 neural recording channels within a 2 mm×2 mm area and achieves a backscatter data rate of 18 Mbps.
基金The Shandong Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Environment and Disaster Prevention and Mitigation under contract No.202408the Key Program of Joint Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China and Shandong Province under contract No.U22A20586the National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract No.42274159。
摘要Global Navigation Satellite System Reflectometry(GNSS-R)remote sensing has demonstrated broad application potential in marine oil spill monitoring due to its advantages such as all-weather capability,wide spatial coverage,and high spatiotemporal resolution.However,the morphological features of Delay-Doppler Map(DDM)provided by GNSSR are simultaneously influenced by factors such as wind speed and surface oil films,leading to high false positive rates in traditional oil spill detection methods.To address this challenge,this study proposes a multimodal recognition framework that integrates both DDM imagery and wind speed information.A dual-branch Residual Network(Res Net)-based feature extraction network is designed to extract high-dimensional features from DDM and wind speed data,which are then fused at the feature level to enable accurate identification of oil-contaminated areas.To alleviate the scarcity of labeled real-world samples,a large-scale synthetic multimodal dataset is generated based on the ZavorotnyVoronovich(Z-V)scattering model for pretraining,followed by transfer learning using a small number of real GNSS-R observations to enhance the model's adaptability to real marine environments.Experimental results show that the proposed method achieves 91%classification accuracy on the test set,significantly outperforming baseline models such as Convolutional Neural Networks(CNNs).Furthermore,the incorporation of wind speed as an auxiliary modality effectively reduces false positives caused by wind-wave interference and enhances the model's sensitivity to oil film signatures.This study provides a feasible theoretical foundation and technical pathway for the application of GNSS-R in marine oil spill detection.
基金sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52075467)Hebei Province Fund Outstanding Youth Fund Project,China(No.E2024203107)。
摘要Modular truss space deployable antennas are key for future large aperture,high precision antennas,already proven in various in-orbit applications globally.This paper introduces a design method for a tetrahedral basic unit mechanism with dual height positioning nodes.A parametric model is established,and its DOF are analyzed to confirm the mechanism's validity.The new tetrahedral basic unit mechanism constructed by this method is a single DOF mechanism and can locate different parabolic node heights.In order to further adapt to the parabolic and large aperture requirements of the deployable antenna of the truss,a combination unit and modular unit mechanism are developed based on this tetrahedral unit.The DOF and deployment characteristics of the modular unit mechanism are analyzed and validated through simulations.Various networking methods for the modular units are proposed,followed by a comprehensive performance comparison of different modular truss deployable antenna mechanisms.A prototype model of the modular unit mechanism is also developed,with deployment experiments demonstrating the mechanism's simplicity,low DOF,and large deployment ratio.The findings of this study provide a theoretical and technical basis for the future design and development of truss deployable antenna mechanisms.
基金supported by the Jilin Provincial Science and Technology Development Plan Project(No.20220201092GX)。
摘要To ensure the stability of the laser communication system under complex dynamic loads,an off-axis dual-mirror optical antenna system was developed.Thermal-mechanical coupling analysis and wavefront aberration evaluation were conducted to predict the aberration under dynamic conditions and verify structural reliability.Based on D'Alembert's principle,an acceleration-temperature gradient coupling model was constructed,and a mapping between rigid body displacement and wavefront error was established.Simulation results indicate that the maximum deformation under composite loading is 0.065873 mm,and the root-mean-square(RMS)wavefront error increases from 0.047λto 0.068λ,remaining within the RMS<0.1λdesign threshold.The initial wavefront RMS measured by the ZYGO interferometer is 0.052λ,deviating from the simulated value of 0.047λby only 0.005λ.This validates the model's accuracy and offers theoretical and engineering support for high-precision optical design in space-based laser communication systems.
基金supported by China Postdoctoral Foundation(2023M731680)the Youth Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20230919)。
摘要A millimeter-wave(mm-Wave)dual circularly polarized(CP)antenna in gap waveguide(GWG)technology with high port isolation is proposed in this paper.It is consisted of a simplified orthomode transducer(OMT)and an improved multi-section hexagonal waveguide CP horn antenna.The OMT is composed of two metal layers without the traditional septum or iris,which makes the structure simpler.The CP horn antenna can be easily integrated with the OMT without mode conversion.The principle analysis as well as the simulated and measured results of the proposed antenna are given in this paper.The simulated and measured results agree very well with each other.The port isolation of more than 27 dB over bandwidth of 26.5-31 GHz(|S11|<-15 dB)is achieved with relative bandwidth of 15.7%.The axial ratio(AR)lower than 2.5 dB for both left-hand and righthand CP(LHCP and RHCP)are achieved over the bandwidth.The proposed antenna is a candidate for mm-Wave satellite communications or beyond fifth-generation(5G)communications applications.
基金supported in part by the Open Research Fund of the National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory,Southeast University(No.2025D09)Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province of China(No.2025ZNSFSC0514)Natural Science Research Start-Up Foundation of Recruiting Talents of Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications(No.NY223031).
摘要In future 6G wireless communications,extremely large-scale antenna arrays and high-frequency bandwidths are expected to play a crucial role.Their utilization increases the likelihood that communication devices operate in the near-field region,where traditional transceiver architectures suffer from broadband beam-splitting effects that signifcantly degrade communication performance.To allieviate this issue,this paper studies the utilization of unique frequency selective properties of dynamic metasurface antennas(DMAs)in near-field uplink transmission.Specifically,we aim to configure the tunable parameters of the DMA to maximize the average beamforming gain across all subcarriers.Morever,we propose a deep reinforcement learning framework to efficiently learn the optimal tunable parameters of the DMA.Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed scheme achieves better beamforming gain performance over all subcarriers compared with existing benchmarks.