In this review,five graphical user interfaces(GUIs)used in radiation therapy practices and researches are introduced.They are:(1)the treatment time calculator,superficialx-ray treatment time calculator(SUPCALC)used in...In this review,five graphical user interfaces(GUIs)used in radiation therapy practices and researches are introduced.They are:(1)the treatment time calculator,superficialx-ray treatment time calculator(SUPCALC)used in the superficial X-ray radiation therapy;(2)the monitor unit calculator,electron monitor unit calculator(EMUC)used in the electron radiation therapy;(3)the multileaf collimator machine file creator,sliding window intensity modulated radiotherapy(SWIMRT)used in generating fluence map for research and quality assurance in intensity modulated radiation therapy;(4)the treatment planning system,DOSCTP used in the calculation of 3D dose distribution using Monte Carlo simulation;and(5)the monitor unit calculator,photon beam monitor unit calculator(PMUC)used in photon beam radiation therapy.One common issue of these GUIs is that all user-friendly interfaces are linked to complex formulas and algorithms based on various theories,which do not have to be understood and noted by the user.In that case,user only needs to input the required information with help from graphical elements in order to produce desired results.SUPCALC is a superficial radiation treatment time calculator using the GUI technique to provide a convenient way for radiation therapist to calculate the treatment time,and keep a record for the skin cancer patient.EMUC is an electron monitor unit calculator for electron radiation therapy.Instead of doing hand calculation according to pre-determined dosimetric tables,clinical user needs only to input the required drawing of electron field in computer graphical file format,prescription dose,and beam parameters to EMUC to calculate the required monitor unit for the electron beam treatment.EMUC is based on a semi-experimental theory of sector-integration algorithm.SWIMRT is a multileaf collimator machine file creator to generate a fluence map produced by a medical linear accelerator.This machine file controls the multileaf collimator to deliver intensity modulated beams for a specific fluence map used in quality assurance or research.DOSCTP is a treatment planning system using the computed tomography images.Radiation beams(photon or electron)with different energies and field sizes produced by a linear accelerator can be placed in different positions to irradiate the tumour in the patient.DOSCTP is linked to a Monte Carlo simulation engine using the EGSnrc-based code,so that 3D dose distribution canbe determined accurately for radiation therapy.Moreover,DOSCTP can be used for treatment planning of patient or small animal.PMUC is a GUI for calculation of the monitor unit based on the prescription dose of patient in photon beam radiation therapy.The calculation is based on dose corrections in changes of photon beam energy,treatment depth,field size,jaw position,beam axis,treatment distance and beam modifiers.All GUIs mentioned in this review were written either by the Microsoft Visual Basic.net or a MATLAB GUI development tool called GUIDE.In addition,all GUIs were verified and tested using measurements to ensure their accuracies were up to clinical acceptable levels for implementations.展开更多
Radiation-induced acoustic computed tomography(RACT)is an evolving biomedical imaging modality that aims to reconstruct the radiation energy deposition in tissues.Traditional backprojection(BP)reconstructions carry no...Radiation-induced acoustic computed tomography(RACT)is an evolving biomedical imaging modality that aims to reconstruct the radiation energy deposition in tissues.Traditional backprojection(BP)reconstructions carry noisy and limited-view artifacts.Model-based algorithms have been demonstrated to overcome the drawbacks of BPs.However,model-based algorithms are relatively more complex to develop and computationally demanding.Furthermore,while a plethora of novel algorithms has been developed over the past decade,most of these algorithms are either not accessible,readily available,or hard to implement for researchers who are not well versed in programming.We developed a user-friendly MATLAB-based graphical user interface(GUI;RACT2D)that facilitates back-projection and model-based image reconstructions for twodimensional RACT problems.We included numerical and experimental X-ray-induced acoustic datasets to demonstrate the capabilities of the GUI.The developed algorithms support parallel computing for evaluating reconstructions using the cores of the computer,thus further accelerating the reconstruction speed.We also share the MATLAB-based codes for evaluating RACT reconstructions,which users with MATLAB programming expertise can further modify to suit their needs.The shared GUI and codes can be of interest to researchers across the globe and assist them in e±cient evaluation of improved RACT reconstructions.展开更多
In this paper, the design of a Graphical User Interface for CAN data frame monitoring is presented. The GUI has been developed in the Qt Creator IDE. A touch screen for visualization and control is used, which in turn...In this paper, the design of a Graphical User Interface for CAN data frame monitoring is presented. The GUI has been developed in the Qt Creator IDE. A touch screen for visualization and control is used, which in turn is controlled by a development board with a SoC Cyclone V, through which a Linux operating system is executed.展开更多
This paper deals with a problem of application generation together with their Graphic User Interface (GUI). Particularly, the source code generator based on dynamic frames was improved for more effective specificati...This paper deals with a problem of application generation together with their Graphic User Interface (GUI). Particularly, the source code generator based on dynamic frames was improved for more effective specification of GUI. It's too demanding for the developers to have specification of the application that contain all physical coordinates and other details of buttons and other GUI elements. The developed solution for this problem is based on post-processing of generated source code using iterators for specifying coordinates and other values of graphic elements. The paper includes two examples of generating web applications and their GUI.展开更多
This investigation develops a comprehensive framework that integrates machine learning modeling with experimental validation for predicting the compressive strength of self-compacting concrete(SCC).The predictive mode...This investigation develops a comprehensive framework that integrates machine learning modeling with experimental validation for predicting the compressive strength of self-compacting concrete(SCC).The predictive models were constructed using a consolidated data set from existing literature and validated through independent laboratory experiments on ternary blends incorporating fly ash and silica fume.Experimental results demonstrated that optimized combinations of 30%fly ash and 5%–7.5%silica fume produced superior fresh-state properties,including enhanced flowability and reduced segregation,while achieving substantial improvements in compressive,tensile,and flexural strengths across all curing ages.Advanced ensemble learning techniques were employed by coupling Extreme Gradient Boosting(XGBoost)with three metaheuristic optimization algorithms:Tuna Swarm Optimization(TSO),Coyote Optimization Algorithm,and Giant Trevally Optimization.The XGB-TSO model demonstrated superior predictive performance,achieving coefficient of determination R2=0.9690,root mean square error of 2.15 MPa,weighted mean absolute percentage error of 2.63%,and Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency of 0.9674.Model interpretability analysis using SHapley Additive exPlanations(SHAP)identified concrete age and cement content as the most influential parameters,providing transparent insights into strength development mechanisms.Taylor diagram analysis confirmed statistical robustness through high correlation coefficients and minimal centered root mean square error.A graphical user interface was developed to enable real-time strength prediction from standard mix parameters,facilitating practical implementation.Experimental validation using laboratory-produced SCC specimens demonstrated excellent agreement with model predictions,achieving validation R2=0.9698 and mean absolute error of 1.83 MPa.The strong correlation between predicted and measured values validates the framework’s reliability for engineering applications.This research advances concrete technology by providing a validated,interpretable,and deployable tool that combines data-driven modeling with experimental verification,enabling intelligent mix design and informed decision-making in sustainable concrete construction.展开更多
This paper introduces PyTransHelio,a Python-based graphical interface tool designed for solar physics research,which automates the calculation of magnetic flux-weighted centroid coordinates of active regions in full-d...This paper introduces PyTransHelio,a Python-based graphical interface tool designed for solar physics research,which automates the calculation of magnetic flux-weighted centroid coordinates of active regions in full-disk magnetograms and supports the identification and analysis of footpoints in trans-equatorial loops.The tool addresses the operational complexity and lack of dedicated graphical user environments in traditional Interactive Data Language/SolarSoftWare workflows by integrating modules for magnetogram header parsing,three-coordinate system conversions(pixel/Stonyhurst/Carrington coordinates),automatic magnetic pole detection,and footpoint distance calculation,enabling end-to-end automation.Users can swiftly obtain active region centroid positions and transequatorial loop footpoint spacings through an intuitive three-step workflow:“Load→Click→Results”.Its modular architecture balances flexibility and extensibility as an open-source tool,significantly lowering the barrier to solar photospheric magnetogram analysis.展开更多
We present CrazyBeachball,a MATLAB-based graphical user interface(GUI)software package designed for focal mechanism inversion using P-wave first-motion polarity and S/P amplitude ratio data.CrazyBeachball integrates s...We present CrazyBeachball,a MATLAB-based graphical user interface(GUI)software package designed for focal mechanism inversion using P-wave first-motion polarity and S/P amplitude ratio data.CrazyBeachball integrates seismic waveform visualization,first-motion polarity picking,and focal mechanism inversion into a single,interactive platform.Unlike conventional methods that involve separate,independent steps,CrazyBeachball streamlines the process and eliminates the need for external data conversion.Its user-friendly interface allows for efficient focal mechanism determination,while its human-machine interaction facilitates enhanced quality control.We demonstrate its effectiveness by determining focal mechanisms for 21 aftershocks from the 2021 MS6.4 Yangbi earthquake sequence,with results aligning with the regional stress field and fault zone geometry.This open-source software package also allows for user customization,enabling adaptation for specific research needs.展开更多
In this investigation,we meticulously annotated a corpus of 21,174 auroral images captured by the THEMIS All-Sky Imager across diverse temporal instances.These images were categorized using an array of descriptors suc...In this investigation,we meticulously annotated a corpus of 21,174 auroral images captured by the THEMIS All-Sky Imager across diverse temporal instances.These images were categorized using an array of descriptors such as'arc','ab'(aurora but bright),'cloudy','diffuse','discrete',and'clear'.Subsequently,we utilized a state-of-the-art convolutional neural network,ConvNeXt(Convolutional Neural Network Next),deploying deep learning techniques to train the model on a dataset classified into six distinct categories.Remarkably,on the test set our methodology attained an accuracy of 99.4%,a performance metric closely mirroring human visual observation,thereby underscoring the classifier’s competence in paralleling human perceptual accuracy.Building upon this foundation,we embarked on the identification of large-scale auroral optical data,meticulously quantifying the monthly occurrence and Magnetic Local Time(MLT)variations of auroras from stations at different latitudes:RANK(high-latitude),FSMI(mid-latitude),and ATHA(low-latitude),under different solar wind conditions.This study paves the way for future explorations into the temporal variations of auroral phenomena in diverse geomagnetic contexts.展开更多
The rapid and accurate assessment of structural damage following an earthquake is crucial for effective emergency response and post-disaster recovery. Traditional manual inspection methods are often slow, labor-intens...The rapid and accurate assessment of structural damage following an earthquake is crucial for effective emergency response and post-disaster recovery. Traditional manual inspection methods are often slow, labor-intensive, and prone to human error. To address these challenges, this study proposes STPEIC (Swin Transformer-based Framework for Interpretable Post-Earthquake Structural Classification), an automated deep learning framework designed for analyzing post-earthquake images. STPEIC performs two key tasks: structural components classification and damage level classification. By leveraging the hierarchical attention mechanisms of the Swin Transformer (Shifted Window Transformer), the model achieves 85.4% accuracy in structural component classification and 85.1% accuracy in damage level classification. To enhance model interpretability, visual explanation heatmaps are incorporated, highlighting semantically relevant regions that the model uses for decision-making. These heatmaps closely align with real-world structural and damage features, confirming that STPEIC learns meaningful representations rather than relying on spurious correlations. Additionally, a graphical user interface (GUI) has been developed to streamline image input, classification, and interpretability visualization, improving the practical usability of the system. Overall, STPEIC provides a reliable, interpretable, and user-friendly solution for rapid post-earthquake structural evaluation.展开更多
Repackaging brings serious threats to Android ecosystem.Software birthmark techniques are typically applied to detect repackaged apps.Birthmarks based on apps'runtime graphical user interfaces(GUI)are effective,es...Repackaging brings serious threats to Android ecosystem.Software birthmark techniques are typically applied to detect repackaged apps.Birthmarks based on apps'runtime graphical user interfaces(GUI)are effective,especially for obfuscated or encrypted apps.However,existing studies are time-consuming and not suitable for handling apps in large scale.In this paper,we propose an effective yet efficient dynamic GUI birthmark for Android apps.Briefly,we run an app with automatically generated GUI events and dump its layout after each event.We divide each dumped layout into a grid,count in each grid cell the vertices of boundary rectangles corresponding to widgets within the layout,and generate a feature vector to encode the layout.Similar layouts are merged at runtime,and finally we obtain a graph as the birthmark of the app.Given a pair of apps to be compared,we build a weighted bipartite graph from their birthmarks and apply a modified version of the maximum-weight-bipartite-matching algorithm to determine whether they form a repackaging pair(RP)or not.We implement the proposed technique in a prototype,GridDroid,and apply it to detect RPs in three datasets involving 527 apks.GridDroid reports only six false negatives and seven false positives,and it takes GridDroid merely 20 microseconds on average to compare a pair of birthmarks.展开更多
This paper describes the replacement of a controller for a programmable universal machine for assembly (PUMA) 512 robot with a newly designed PC based (open architecture) controller employing a real-time direct contro...This paper describes the replacement of a controller for a programmable universal machine for assembly (PUMA) 512 robot with a newly designed PC based (open architecture) controller employing a real-time direct control of six joints. The original structure of the PUMA robot is retained. The hardware of the new controller includes such in-house designed parts as pulse width modulation (PWM) amplifiers, digital and analog controllers, I/O cards, signal conditioner cards, and 16-bit A/D and D/A boards. An Intel Pentium IV industrial computer is used as the central controller. The control software is implemented using VC++ programming language. The trajectory tracking performance of all six joints is tested at varying velocities. Experimental results show that it is feasible to implement the suggested open architecture platform for PUMA 500 series robots through the software routines running on a PC. By assembling controller from off-the-shell hardware and software components, the benefits of reduced and improved robustness have been realized.展开更多
A new scheme is proposed to model 3D angular motion of a revolving regular object with miniature, low-cost micro electro mechanical systems(MEMS) accelerometers(instead of gyroscope),which is employed in 3D mouse syst...A new scheme is proposed to model 3D angular motion of a revolving regular object with miniature, low-cost micro electro mechanical systems(MEMS) accelerometers(instead of gyroscope),which is employed in 3D mouse system.To sense 3D angular motion,the static property of MEMS accelerometer,sensitive to gravity acceleration,is exploited.With the three outputs of configured accelerometers,the proposed model is implemented to get the rotary motion of the rigid object.In order to validate the effectiveness of the proposed model,an input device is developed with the configuration of the scheme.Experimental results show that a simulated 3D cube can accurately track the rotation of the input device.The result indicates the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed model in the 3D mouse system.展开更多
This paper discusses the design concept and method about window based and object oriented Graphic User Interface(GUI),and describes the definition of each class in detail. It is developed with Watcom C ++ in DOS envir...This paper discusses the design concept and method about window based and object oriented Graphic User Interface(GUI),and describes the definition of each class in detail. It is developed with Watcom C ++ in DOS environment.The GUI can be redeveloped conveniently and effectively by users.It consists of window,popup menu,icon,button and other components.展开更多
Indoor environmental quality(IEQ)significantly affects human health and wellbeing.Therefore,continuous IEQ monitoring and feedback is of great concern in both the industrial and academic communities.However,most exist...Indoor environmental quality(IEQ)significantly affects human health and wellbeing.Therefore,continuous IEQ monitoring and feedback is of great concern in both the industrial and academic communities.However,most existing studies only focus on developing sensors that cost-effectively promote IEQ measurement while ignoring interactions between the human side and IEQ monitoring.In this study,an intelligent IEQ monitoring and feedback system-the Intelligent Built Enviroment(IBEM)-is developed.Firstly,the IBEM hardware instrument integrates air temperature,relative humidity,CO2,particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter no greater than 2.5μm(PM2.5),and illuminance sensors within a small device.The accuracy of this integrated device was tested through a co-location experiment with reference sensors;the device exhibited a strong correlation with the reference sensors,with a slight deviation(R2>0.97 and slopes between 1.01 and 1.05).Secondly,a wireless data transmission module,a cloud storage module,and graphical user interfaces(i.e.,a web platform and mobile interface)were built to establish a pathway for dataflow and interactive feedback with the occupants of the indoor environments.Thus,the IEQ parameters can be continuously monitored with a high spatiotemporal resolution,interactive feedback can be induced,and synchronous data collection on occupant satisfaction and objective environmental parameters can be realized.IBEM has been widely applied in 131 buildings in 18cities/areas in China,with 1188 sample locations.Among these applications,we report on the targeted IEQ diagnoses of two individual buildings and the exploration of relationships between subjective and objective IEQ data in detail here.This work demonstrates the great value of IBEM in both industrial and academic research.展开更多
Machine Learning has evolved with a variety of algorithms to enable state-of-the-art computer vision applications.In particular the need for automating the process of real-time food item identification,there is a huge...Machine Learning has evolved with a variety of algorithms to enable state-of-the-art computer vision applications.In particular the need for automating the process of real-time food item identification,there is a huge surge of research so as to make smarter refrigerators.According to a survey by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations(FAO),it has been found that 1.3 billion tons of food is wasted by consumers around the world due to either food spoilage or expiry and a large amount of food is wasted from homes and restaurants itself.Smart refrigerators have been very successful in playing a pivotal role in mitigating this problem of food wastage.But a major issue is the high cost of available smart refrigerators and the lack of accurate design algorithms which can help achieve computer vision in any ordinary refrigerator.To address these issues,this work proposes an automated identification algorithm for computer vision in smart refrigerators using InceptionV3 and MobileNet Convolutional Neural Network(CNN)architectures.The designed module and algorithm have been elaborated in detail and are considerably evaluated for its accuracy using test images on standard fruits and vegetable datasets.A total of eight test cases are considered with accuracy and training time as the performance metric.In the end,real-time testing results are also presented which validates the system’s performance.展开更多
The corrosion rate is a crucial factor that impacts the longevity of materials in different applications.After undergoing friction stir processing(FSP),the refined grain structure leads to a notable decrease in corros...The corrosion rate is a crucial factor that impacts the longevity of materials in different applications.After undergoing friction stir processing(FSP),the refined grain structure leads to a notable decrease in corrosion rate.However,a better understanding of the correlation between the FSP process parameters and the corrosion rate is still lacking.The current study used machine learning to establish the relationship between the corrosion rate and FSP process parameters(rotational speed,traverse speed,and shoulder diameter)for WE43 alloy.The Taguchi L27 design of experiments was used for the experimental analysis.In addition,synthetic data was generated using particle swarm optimization for virtual sample generation(VSG).The application of VSG has led to an increase in the prediction accuracy of machine learning models.A sensitivity analysis was performed using Shapley Additive Explanations to determine the key factors affecting the corrosion rate.The shoulder diameter had a significant impact in comparison to the traverse speed.A graphical user interface(GUI)has been created to predict the corrosion rate using the identified factors.This study focuses on the WE43 alloy,but its findings can also be used to predict the corrosion rate of other magnesium alloys.展开更多
This paper deals with the study of a water quality forecast model through application of BP neural network technique and GUI (Graphical User Interfaces) function of MATLAB at Yuqiao reservoir in Tianjin. To overcome t...This paper deals with the study of a water quality forecast model through application of BP neural network technique and GUI (Graphical User Interfaces) function of MATLAB at Yuqiao reservoir in Tianjin. To overcome the shortcomings of traditional BP algorithm as being slow to converge and easy to reach extreme minimum value,the model adopts LM (Leven-berg-Marquardt) algorithm to achieve a higher speed and a lower error rate. When factors affecting the study object are identified,the reservoir's 2005 measured values are used as sample data to test the model. The number of neurons and the type of transfer functions in the hidden layer of the neural network are changed from time to time to achieve the best forecast results. Through simulation testing the model shows high efficiency in forecasting the water quality of the reservoir.展开更多
The present paper contributes in studying the phase velocities of P- and S-waves in a half space subjected to a compressive initial stress and gravity field. The density and acceleration due to gravity vary quadratica...The present paper contributes in studying the phase velocities of P- and S-waves in a half space subjected to a compressive initial stress and gravity field. The density and acceleration due to gravity vary quadratically along the depth. The dispersion equation is derived in a closed form. It is shown that the phase velocities depend not only on the initial stress, gravity, and direction of propagation but also on the inhomogeneity parameter associated with the density and acceleration due to gravity. Various particular cases are obtained, and the results match with the classical results. Numerical investigations on the phase velocities of P- and S-waves against the wave number are made for various sets of values of the material parameters, and the results are illustrated graphically. The graphical user interface model is developed to generalize the effect.展开更多
An engineering application tool for prediction of the static equilibrium bay ( Beach Mod) is established to describe two bay shape formulas by use of the programming software "MATLAB" with a graphic user interface...An engineering application tool for prediction of the static equilibrium bay ( Beach Mod) is established to describe two bay shape formulas by use of the programming software "MATLAB" with a graphic user interface ( GUI). The tool is user-friendly for engineering students for the design of beach shapes. This tool was tested through application on three types of beaches in Taiwan and Australia. By implementing the concept of Headland Control, the Beach Mod program allows users to draw a structure and create an 'artificial headland. The results indicate that Beach Mod can efficiently forecast beach changes as well as MEPBAY, a competing software package, while boasting a better user interface.展开更多
One of the most critical steps in medical health is the proper diagnosis of the disease.Dermatology is one of the most volatile and challenging fields in terms of diagnosis.Dermatologists often require further testing...One of the most critical steps in medical health is the proper diagnosis of the disease.Dermatology is one of the most volatile and challenging fields in terms of diagnosis.Dermatologists often require further testing,review of the patient’s history,and other data to ensure a proper diagnosis.Therefore,finding a method that can guarantee a proper trusted diagnosis quickly is essential.Several approaches have been developed over the years to facilitate the diagnosis based on machine learning.However,the developed systems lack certain properties,such as high accuracy.This study proposes a system developed in MATLAB that can identify skin lesions and classify them as normal or benign.The classification process is effectuated by implementing the K-nearest neighbor(KNN)approach to differentiate between normal skin and malignant skin lesions that imply pathology.KNN is used because it is time efficient and promises highly accurate results.The accuracy of the system reached 98%in classifying skin lesions.展开更多
摘要In this review,five graphical user interfaces(GUIs)used in radiation therapy practices and researches are introduced.They are:(1)the treatment time calculator,superficialx-ray treatment time calculator(SUPCALC)used in the superficial X-ray radiation therapy;(2)the monitor unit calculator,electron monitor unit calculator(EMUC)used in the electron radiation therapy;(3)the multileaf collimator machine file creator,sliding window intensity modulated radiotherapy(SWIMRT)used in generating fluence map for research and quality assurance in intensity modulated radiation therapy;(4)the treatment planning system,DOSCTP used in the calculation of 3D dose distribution using Monte Carlo simulation;and(5)the monitor unit calculator,photon beam monitor unit calculator(PMUC)used in photon beam radiation therapy.One common issue of these GUIs is that all user-friendly interfaces are linked to complex formulas and algorithms based on various theories,which do not have to be understood and noted by the user.In that case,user only needs to input the required information with help from graphical elements in order to produce desired results.SUPCALC is a superficial radiation treatment time calculator using the GUI technique to provide a convenient way for radiation therapist to calculate the treatment time,and keep a record for the skin cancer patient.EMUC is an electron monitor unit calculator for electron radiation therapy.Instead of doing hand calculation according to pre-determined dosimetric tables,clinical user needs only to input the required drawing of electron field in computer graphical file format,prescription dose,and beam parameters to EMUC to calculate the required monitor unit for the electron beam treatment.EMUC is based on a semi-experimental theory of sector-integration algorithm.SWIMRT is a multileaf collimator machine file creator to generate a fluence map produced by a medical linear accelerator.This machine file controls the multileaf collimator to deliver intensity modulated beams for a specific fluence map used in quality assurance or research.DOSCTP is a treatment planning system using the computed tomography images.Radiation beams(photon or electron)with different energies and field sizes produced by a linear accelerator can be placed in different positions to irradiate the tumour in the patient.DOSCTP is linked to a Monte Carlo simulation engine using the EGSnrc-based code,so that 3D dose distribution canbe determined accurately for radiation therapy.Moreover,DOSCTP can be used for treatment planning of patient or small animal.PMUC is a GUI for calculation of the monitor unit based on the prescription dose of patient in photon beam radiation therapy.The calculation is based on dose corrections in changes of photon beam energy,treatment depth,field size,jaw position,beam axis,treatment distance and beam modifiers.All GUIs mentioned in this review were written either by the Microsoft Visual Basic.net or a MATLAB GUI development tool called GUIDE.In addition,all GUIs were verified and tested using measurements to ensure their accuracies were up to clinical acceptable levels for implementations.
基金supported by the National Institute of Health (R37CA240806)and American Cancer Society (133697-RSG-19-110-01-CCE)support from UCI Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center (P30CA062203).
摘要Radiation-induced acoustic computed tomography(RACT)is an evolving biomedical imaging modality that aims to reconstruct the radiation energy deposition in tissues.Traditional backprojection(BP)reconstructions carry noisy and limited-view artifacts.Model-based algorithms have been demonstrated to overcome the drawbacks of BPs.However,model-based algorithms are relatively more complex to develop and computationally demanding.Furthermore,while a plethora of novel algorithms has been developed over the past decade,most of these algorithms are either not accessible,readily available,or hard to implement for researchers who are not well versed in programming.We developed a user-friendly MATLAB-based graphical user interface(GUI;RACT2D)that facilitates back-projection and model-based image reconstructions for twodimensional RACT problems.We included numerical and experimental X-ray-induced acoustic datasets to demonstrate the capabilities of the GUI.The developed algorithms support parallel computing for evaluating reconstructions using the cores of the computer,thus further accelerating the reconstruction speed.We also share the MATLAB-based codes for evaluating RACT reconstructions,which users with MATLAB programming expertise can further modify to suit their needs.The shared GUI and codes can be of interest to researchers across the globe and assist them in e±cient evaluation of improved RACT reconstructions.
摘要In this paper, the design of a Graphical User Interface for CAN data frame monitoring is presented. The GUI has been developed in the Qt Creator IDE. A touch screen for visualization and control is used, which in turn is controlled by a development board with a SoC Cyclone V, through which a Linux operating system is executed.
摘要This paper deals with a problem of application generation together with their Graphic User Interface (GUI). Particularly, the source code generator based on dynamic frames was improved for more effective specification of GUI. It's too demanding for the developers to have specification of the application that contain all physical coordinates and other details of buttons and other GUI elements. The developed solution for this problem is based on post-processing of generated source code using iterators for specifying coordinates and other values of graphic elements. The paper includes two examples of generating web applications and their GUI.
摘要This investigation develops a comprehensive framework that integrates machine learning modeling with experimental validation for predicting the compressive strength of self-compacting concrete(SCC).The predictive models were constructed using a consolidated data set from existing literature and validated through independent laboratory experiments on ternary blends incorporating fly ash and silica fume.Experimental results demonstrated that optimized combinations of 30%fly ash and 5%–7.5%silica fume produced superior fresh-state properties,including enhanced flowability and reduced segregation,while achieving substantial improvements in compressive,tensile,and flexural strengths across all curing ages.Advanced ensemble learning techniques were employed by coupling Extreme Gradient Boosting(XGBoost)with three metaheuristic optimization algorithms:Tuna Swarm Optimization(TSO),Coyote Optimization Algorithm,and Giant Trevally Optimization.The XGB-TSO model demonstrated superior predictive performance,achieving coefficient of determination R2=0.9690,root mean square error of 2.15 MPa,weighted mean absolute percentage error of 2.63%,and Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency of 0.9674.Model interpretability analysis using SHapley Additive exPlanations(SHAP)identified concrete age and cement content as the most influential parameters,providing transparent insights into strength development mechanisms.Taylor diagram analysis confirmed statistical robustness through high correlation coefficients and minimal centered root mean square error.A graphical user interface was developed to enable real-time strength prediction from standard mix parameters,facilitating practical implementation.Experimental validation using laboratory-produced SCC specimens demonstrated excellent agreement with model predictions,achieving validation R2=0.9698 and mean absolute error of 1.83 MPa.The strong correlation between predicted and measured values validates the framework’s reliability for engineering applications.This research advances concrete technology by providing a validated,interpretable,and deployable tool that combines data-driven modeling with experimental verification,enabling intelligent mix design and informed decision-making in sustainable concrete construction.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFA1600501)National Natural Science Foundation of China(12373057)+6 种基金ISSI/ISSI-BJ Team2024(24-604)the Chinese Meridian Project(CMP)Marianna B.Korsós is grateful for the Leverhulme Trust Found(ECF-2023-271)Marianna B.Korsós and Robertus Erdélyi acknowledge the Nemzeti Kutatási,Fejlesztésiés Innovációs Hivatal(NKFIH)OTKA(K142987)Science and Technology Facilities Council UK(STFC,ST/M000826/1)the President’s International Fellowship Initiative in China(2024PVA0043)the NKFIH Excellence Grant(TKP2021-NKTA-64)for enabling this research。
摘要This paper introduces PyTransHelio,a Python-based graphical interface tool designed for solar physics research,which automates the calculation of magnetic flux-weighted centroid coordinates of active regions in full-disk magnetograms and supports the identification and analysis of footpoints in trans-equatorial loops.The tool addresses the operational complexity and lack of dedicated graphical user environments in traditional Interactive Data Language/SolarSoftWare workflows by integrating modules for magnetogram header parsing,three-coordinate system conversions(pixel/Stonyhurst/Carrington coordinates),automatic magnetic pole detection,and footpoint distance calculation,enabling end-to-end automation.Users can swiftly obtain active region centroid positions and transequatorial loop footpoint spacings through an intuitive three-step workflow:“Load→Click→Results”.Its modular architecture balances flexibility and extensibility as an open-source tool,significantly lowering the barrier to solar photospheric magnetogram analysis.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022 YFC3003504)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42174058)the Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Geophysical High-resolution Imaging Technology(No.2022B1212010002).
摘要We present CrazyBeachball,a MATLAB-based graphical user interface(GUI)software package designed for focal mechanism inversion using P-wave first-motion polarity and S/P amplitude ratio data.CrazyBeachball integrates seismic waveform visualization,first-motion polarity picking,and focal mechanism inversion into a single,interactive platform.Unlike conventional methods that involve separate,independent steps,CrazyBeachball streamlines the process and eliminates the need for external data conversion.Its user-friendly interface allows for efficient focal mechanism determination,while its human-machine interaction facilitates enhanced quality control.We demonstrate its effectiveness by determining focal mechanisms for 21 aftershocks from the 2021 MS6.4 Yangbi earthquake sequence,with results aligning with the regional stress field and fault zone geometry.This open-source software package also allows for user customization,enabling adaptation for specific research needs.
基金supported by the General Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42374212)the National Magnetic Confinement Fusion Energy Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2024YFE03020004).
摘要In this investigation,we meticulously annotated a corpus of 21,174 auroral images captured by the THEMIS All-Sky Imager across diverse temporal instances.These images were categorized using an array of descriptors such as'arc','ab'(aurora but bright),'cloudy','diffuse','discrete',and'clear'.Subsequently,we utilized a state-of-the-art convolutional neural network,ConvNeXt(Convolutional Neural Network Next),deploying deep learning techniques to train the model on a dataset classified into six distinct categories.Remarkably,on the test set our methodology attained an accuracy of 99.4%,a performance metric closely mirroring human visual observation,thereby underscoring the classifier’s competence in paralleling human perceptual accuracy.Building upon this foundation,we embarked on the identification of large-scale auroral optical data,meticulously quantifying the monthly occurrence and Magnetic Local Time(MLT)variations of auroras from stations at different latitudes:RANK(high-latitude),FSMI(mid-latitude),and ATHA(low-latitude),under different solar wind conditions.This study paves the way for future explorations into the temporal variations of auroral phenomena in diverse geomagnetic contexts.
基金support from General Project Supported by Natural Science Basic Research Plan in Shaanxi Province of China(2025JC-YBMS-443)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,CHU(300102213209)+1 种基金Research Funds for the Interdisciplinary Projects,CHU(300104240915)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52361135806).
摘要The rapid and accurate assessment of structural damage following an earthquake is crucial for effective emergency response and post-disaster recovery. Traditional manual inspection methods are often slow, labor-intensive, and prone to human error. To address these challenges, this study proposes STPEIC (Swin Transformer-based Framework for Interpretable Post-Earthquake Structural Classification), an automated deep learning framework designed for analyzing post-earthquake images. STPEIC performs two key tasks: structural components classification and damage level classification. By leveraging the hierarchical attention mechanisms of the Swin Transformer (Shifted Window Transformer), the model achieves 85.4% accuracy in structural component classification and 85.1% accuracy in damage level classification. To enhance model interpretability, visual explanation heatmaps are incorporated, highlighting semantically relevant regions that the model uses for decision-making. These heatmaps closely align with real-world structural and damage features, confirming that STPEIC learns meaningful representations rather than relying on spurious correlations. Additionally, a graphical user interface (GUI) has been developed to streamline image input, classification, and interpretability visualization, improving the practical usability of the system. Overall, STPEIC provides a reliable, interpretable, and user-friendly solution for rapid post-earthquake structural evaluation.
基金supported by the Leading-Edge Technology Program of Jiangsu Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.BK20202001the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.61932021.
摘要Repackaging brings serious threats to Android ecosystem.Software birthmark techniques are typically applied to detect repackaged apps.Birthmarks based on apps'runtime graphical user interfaces(GUI)are effective,especially for obfuscated or encrypted apps.However,existing studies are time-consuming and not suitable for handling apps in large scale.In this paper,we propose an effective yet efficient dynamic GUI birthmark for Android apps.Briefly,we run an app with automatically generated GUI events and dump its layout after each event.We divide each dumped layout into a grid,count in each grid cell the vertices of boundary rectangles corresponding to widgets within the layout,and generate a feature vector to encode the layout.Similar layouts are merged at runtime,and finally we obtain a graph as the birthmark of the app.Given a pair of apps to be compared,we build a weighted bipartite graph from their birthmarks and apply a modified version of the maximum-weight-bipartite-matching algorithm to determine whether they form a repackaging pair(RP)or not.We implement the proposed technique in a prototype,GridDroid,and apply it to detect RPs in three datasets involving 527 apks.GridDroid reports only six false negatives and seven false positives,and it takes GridDroid merely 20 microseconds on average to compare a pair of birthmarks.
摘要This paper describes the replacement of a controller for a programmable universal machine for assembly (PUMA) 512 robot with a newly designed PC based (open architecture) controller employing a real-time direct control of six joints. The original structure of the PUMA robot is retained. The hardware of the new controller includes such in-house designed parts as pulse width modulation (PWM) amplifiers, digital and analog controllers, I/O cards, signal conditioner cards, and 16-bit A/D and D/A boards. An Intel Pentium IV industrial computer is used as the central controller. The control software is implemented using VC++ programming language. The trajectory tracking performance of all six joints is tested at varying velocities. Experimental results show that it is feasible to implement the suggested open architecture platform for PUMA 500 series robots through the software routines running on a PC. By assembling controller from off-the-shell hardware and software components, the benefits of reduced and improved robustness have been realized.
摘要A new scheme is proposed to model 3D angular motion of a revolving regular object with miniature, low-cost micro electro mechanical systems(MEMS) accelerometers(instead of gyroscope),which is employed in 3D mouse system.To sense 3D angular motion,the static property of MEMS accelerometer,sensitive to gravity acceleration,is exploited.With the three outputs of configured accelerometers,the proposed model is implemented to get the rotary motion of the rigid object.In order to validate the effectiveness of the proposed model,an input device is developed with the configuration of the scheme.Experimental results show that a simulated 3D cube can accurately track the rotation of the input device.The result indicates the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed model in the 3D mouse system.
摘要This paper discusses the design concept and method about window based and object oriented Graphic User Interface(GUI),and describes the definition of each class in detail. It is developed with Watcom C ++ in DOS environment.The GUI can be redeveloped conveniently and effectively by users.It consists of window,popup menu,icon,button and other components.
基金supported by the China National Key Research and Development(R&D)Program(2018YFE0106100)the National Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of China(51825802)+3 种基金the Innovative Research Groups of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51521005)the Strategic Research and Consulting Project of Chinese Academy of Engineering(2021XY-3)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2021M691789)Shuimu Tsinghua Scholar Program(2020SM001)。
摘要Indoor environmental quality(IEQ)significantly affects human health and wellbeing.Therefore,continuous IEQ monitoring and feedback is of great concern in both the industrial and academic communities.However,most existing studies only focus on developing sensors that cost-effectively promote IEQ measurement while ignoring interactions between the human side and IEQ monitoring.In this study,an intelligent IEQ monitoring and feedback system-the Intelligent Built Enviroment(IBEM)-is developed.Firstly,the IBEM hardware instrument integrates air temperature,relative humidity,CO2,particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter no greater than 2.5μm(PM2.5),and illuminance sensors within a small device.The accuracy of this integrated device was tested through a co-location experiment with reference sensors;the device exhibited a strong correlation with the reference sensors,with a slight deviation(R2>0.97 and slopes between 1.01 and 1.05).Secondly,a wireless data transmission module,a cloud storage module,and graphical user interfaces(i.e.,a web platform and mobile interface)were built to establish a pathway for dataflow and interactive feedback with the occupants of the indoor environments.Thus,the IEQ parameters can be continuously monitored with a high spatiotemporal resolution,interactive feedback can be induced,and synchronous data collection on occupant satisfaction and objective environmental parameters can be realized.IBEM has been widely applied in 131 buildings in 18cities/areas in China,with 1188 sample locations.Among these applications,we report on the targeted IEQ diagnoses of two individual buildings and the exploration of relationships between subjective and objective IEQ data in detail here.This work demonstrates the great value of IBEM in both industrial and academic research.
基金This work was supported by Taif University Researchers Supporting Project(TURSP)under number(TURSP-2020/10),Taif University,Taif,Saudi Arabia.
摘要Machine Learning has evolved with a variety of algorithms to enable state-of-the-art computer vision applications.In particular the need for automating the process of real-time food item identification,there is a huge surge of research so as to make smarter refrigerators.According to a survey by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations(FAO),it has been found that 1.3 billion tons of food is wasted by consumers around the world due to either food spoilage or expiry and a large amount of food is wasted from homes and restaurants itself.Smart refrigerators have been very successful in playing a pivotal role in mitigating this problem of food wastage.But a major issue is the high cost of available smart refrigerators and the lack of accurate design algorithms which can help achieve computer vision in any ordinary refrigerator.To address these issues,this work proposes an automated identification algorithm for computer vision in smart refrigerators using InceptionV3 and MobileNet Convolutional Neural Network(CNN)architectures.The designed module and algorithm have been elaborated in detail and are considerably evaluated for its accuracy using test images on standard fruits and vegetable datasets.A total of eight test cases are considered with accuracy and training time as the performance metric.In the end,real-time testing results are also presented which validates the system’s performance.
摘要The corrosion rate is a crucial factor that impacts the longevity of materials in different applications.After undergoing friction stir processing(FSP),the refined grain structure leads to a notable decrease in corrosion rate.However,a better understanding of the correlation between the FSP process parameters and the corrosion rate is still lacking.The current study used machine learning to establish the relationship between the corrosion rate and FSP process parameters(rotational speed,traverse speed,and shoulder diameter)for WE43 alloy.The Taguchi L27 design of experiments was used for the experimental analysis.In addition,synthetic data was generated using particle swarm optimization for virtual sample generation(VSG).The application of VSG has led to an increase in the prediction accuracy of machine learning models.A sensitivity analysis was performed using Shapley Additive Explanations to determine the key factors affecting the corrosion rate.The shoulder diameter had a significant impact in comparison to the traverse speed.A graphical user interface(GUI)has been created to predict the corrosion rate using the identified factors.This study focuses on the WE43 alloy,but its findings can also be used to predict the corrosion rate of other magnesium alloys.
基金Project (No.2006AA06Z305) supported by the Hi-Tech Research and Development Program (863) of China
摘要This paper deals with the study of a water quality forecast model through application of BP neural network technique and GUI (Graphical User Interfaces) function of MATLAB at Yuqiao reservoir in Tianjin. To overcome the shortcomings of traditional BP algorithm as being slow to converge and easy to reach extreme minimum value,the model adopts LM (Leven-berg-Marquardt) algorithm to achieve a higher speed and a lower error rate. When factors affecting the study object are identified,the reservoir's 2005 measured values are used as sample data to test the model. The number of neurons and the type of transfer functions in the hidden layer of the neural network are changed from time to time to achieve the best forecast results. Through simulation testing the model shows high efficiency in forecasting the water quality of the reservoir.
基金supported by the Research Fellow of Indian School of Mines in Dhanbad (No. 2010DR0016)
摘要The present paper contributes in studying the phase velocities of P- and S-waves in a half space subjected to a compressive initial stress and gravity field. The density and acceleration due to gravity vary quadratically along the depth. The dispersion equation is derived in a closed form. It is shown that the phase velocities depend not only on the initial stress, gravity, and direction of propagation but also on the inhomogeneity parameter associated with the density and acceleration due to gravity. Various particular cases are obtained, and the results match with the classical results. Numerical investigations on the phase velocities of P- and S-waves against the wave number are made for various sets of values of the material parameters, and the results are illustrated graphically. The graphical user interface model is developed to generalize the effect.
摘要An engineering application tool for prediction of the static equilibrium bay ( Beach Mod) is established to describe two bay shape formulas by use of the programming software "MATLAB" with a graphic user interface ( GUI). The tool is user-friendly for engineering students for the design of beach shapes. This tool was tested through application on three types of beaches in Taiwan and Australia. By implementing the concept of Headland Control, the Beach Mod program allows users to draw a structure and create an 'artificial headland. The results indicate that Beach Mod can efficiently forecast beach changes as well as MEPBAY, a competing software package, while boasting a better user interface.
摘要One of the most critical steps in medical health is the proper diagnosis of the disease.Dermatology is one of the most volatile and challenging fields in terms of diagnosis.Dermatologists often require further testing,review of the patient’s history,and other data to ensure a proper diagnosis.Therefore,finding a method that can guarantee a proper trusted diagnosis quickly is essential.Several approaches have been developed over the years to facilitate the diagnosis based on machine learning.However,the developed systems lack certain properties,such as high accuracy.This study proposes a system developed in MATLAB that can identify skin lesions and classify them as normal or benign.The classification process is effectuated by implementing the K-nearest neighbor(KNN)approach to differentiate between normal skin and malignant skin lesions that imply pathology.KNN is used because it is time efficient and promises highly accurate results.The accuracy of the system reached 98%in classifying skin lesions.