The purpose of this study lies in exploring the role of materiality in environmental information disclosures under the securities laws of the United States and China,discussing the differences in the regulatory mechan...The purpose of this study lies in exploring the role of materiality in environmental information disclosures under the securities laws of the United States and China,discussing the differences in the regulatory mechanism,limits of enforcement,and challenges of seeking global harmonization.The paper does a comparative legal analysis of statutory provisions,judicial interpretations,and regulatory frameworks of the U.S.Securities and Exchange Commission(SEC)and the China Securities Regulatory Commission(CSRC).Furthermore,it provides frameworks of global sustainability reporting such as the Task Force on Climate-related Financial Disclosures(TCFD)and the Global Reporting Initiative(GRI).The findings show that U.S.securities law uses a financial materiality standard with respect to what companies must disclose to investors.On the other hand,China’s regulatory approach has a double materiality in considering not only financial impacts but also wider environmental and social factors.Although there are these distinctions,both of these jurisdictions face issues of common obstruction such as ambiguities in materiality determination,inconsistent enforcement,and fear of greenwashing.This paper asserts that the U.S.and China regulatory frameworks need to converge more to promote greater corporate transparency and ESG disclosures.Regulators can even align disclosure practices with internationally recognized standards of work to add confidence for investors,fight off misleading sustainability claims and ensure accountable reporting in pertinent environments.The study concludes that the green challenges of global markets can only be tackled by regulating cooperative actions and using standardized reporting guidelines.展开更多
Our contribution analyzes the process of convergence with the International Standards of Audit (ISAs), particularly those that regulate the concept of materiality in Mexico and Colombia. Between other results, acros...Our contribution analyzes the process of convergence with the International Standards of Audit (ISAs), particularly those that regulate the concept of materiality in Mexico and Colombia. Between other results, across a survey, it is demonstrated why the effective use of the factors that emerge of his qualitative slope can favor the quality of the financial information that publish the audited companies, the usefulness and the comprehensibility of the report of opinion. In general, the reliability, transparency, and relevancy of the financial statements will meet potentially favored with the strict application of these major and better normative instruments.展开更多
New materialism has become one of the most influential theoretical vocabularies for rethinking agency,embodiment,ecology,and the posthuman condition.Yet its major formulations remain largely organized by a Euro-Americ...New materialism has become one of the most influential theoretical vocabularies for rethinking agency,embodiment,ecology,and the posthuman condition.Yet its major formulations remain largely organized by a Euro-American archive in which matter must be rescued from the long shadow of substance ontology,representationalism,and the passive object.This article proposes a Chinese intervention in that debate by reinterpreting qi(气)as a dynamic and processual form of materiality.Rather than treating qi as a mystical substance,a premodern energy,or a cultural metaphor,the article reconstructs it as a relational,transformative,and self-differentiating mode of material becoming.Through a critical dialogue with Karen Barad[1]’s agential realism[1]and Jane Bennett[2]’s vibrant matter,it argues that qi offers a non-substantialist ontology in which materiality is neither inert stuff nor discrete thinghood but the ongoing modulation of forces,tendencies,intensities,and relational configurations.The article introduces the concept of“processual materiality”to describe this ontological logic.Processual materiality names a mode of matter that is real without being static,efficacious without being anthropomorphic,and differentiated without requiring an original split between matter,meaning,and life.By placing qi beside agential realism[1]and vibrant materialism[2],the article builds a conceptual bridge between Chinese philosophy and contemporary cultural theory,while also challenging new materialism[3][20]to provincialize its own intellectual genealogy.The final section considers the implications of this bridge for posthumanism,especially debates on relational subjectivity,ecological ethics,and the more-than-human humanities.展开更多
This study explores the challenges involved in preserving the materiality and memory of World War II(WWll)heritage sites in Trondheim,Norway.Structures such as military installations and bunkers hold significant cultu...This study explores the challenges involved in preserving the materiality and memory of World War II(WWll)heritage sites in Trondheim,Norway.Structures such as military installations and bunkers hold significant cultural and historical value,yet their conservation involves facing a range of complexities between varying public perceptions,historical narratives,modern reuses,and physical durability.This study presents ten interconnected research questions designed to build a framework for understanding the various connections needed to address these complexities.By analysing Trondheim's case study,this research highlights the importance of integrating both tangible and intangible aspects,considering public perceptions and managing the site's appearance,use and identity to preserve historical narratives.The findings emphasise the value of cross-disciplinary collaboration in addressing the conservation of warbuilt heritage and propose strategies for balancing memory preservation with evolving urban contexts.This research also provides a database for better site management and future memory-related interventions.展开更多
This study focuses on the principle of dual materiality and the stakeholder disclosure mechanism in corporate sustainability reports,and assesses the corporate social responsibility disclosure practices of multination...This study focuses on the principle of dual materiality and the stakeholder disclosure mechanism in corporate sustainability reports,and assesses the corporate social responsibility disclosure practices of multinational companies based on the Global Reporting Initiative(GRI)standards.The case study examined the 2022-2023 annual reports of ten companies and revealed a significant imbalance in stakeholder participation:the depth of information disclosure by investors and regulators was significantly greater than that by community organizations and civil society groups.At the level of dual materiality integration,environmental risk issues dominate,while social impact assessments such as human rights in the supply chain are relatively weak.The research reveals three major barriers to disclosure:information repetition leads to a decrease in reading efficiency,differences in compliance requirements between jurisdictions cause contradictions in disclosure,and the priority of reputation management weakens the integrity of negative information disclosure.Based on this,it is suggested to build an intelligent ESG management framework,optimize the disclosure focus through a dynamic stakeholder weight adjustment mechanism,and develop an automated compliance comparison tool to reduce institutional friction.This plan aims to improve the operability and credibility of corporate sustainability reports and provide theoretical support for the establishment of a unified global reporting standard.展开更多
The growing global energy demand and worsening climate change highlight the urgent need for clean,efficient and sustainable energy solutions.Among emerging technologies,atomically thin two-dimensional(2D)materials off...The growing global energy demand and worsening climate change highlight the urgent need for clean,efficient and sustainable energy solutions.Among emerging technologies,atomically thin two-dimensional(2D)materials offer unique advantages in photovoltaics due to their tunable optoelectronic properties,high surface area and efficient charge transport capabilities.This review explores recent progress in photovoltaics incorporating 2D materials,focusing on their application as hole and electron transport layers to optimize bandgap alignment,enhance carrier mobility and improve chemical stability.A comprehensive analysis is presented on perovskite solar cells utilizing 2D materials,with a particular focus on strategies to enhance crystallization,passivate defects and improve overall cell efficiency.Additionally,the application of 2D materials in organic solar cells is examined,particularly for reducing recombination losses and enhancing charge extraction through work function modification.Their impact on dye-sensitized solar cells,including catalytic activity and counter electrode performance,is also explored.Finally,the review outlines key challenges,material limitations and performance metrics,offering insight into the future development of nextgeneration photovoltaic devices encouraged by 2D materials.展开更多
The multi-pass intermittent local loading process,which features a more flexible processing path,can further enhance the second material distribution during local loading,improve the formability of components,and redu...The multi-pass intermittent local loading process,which features a more flexible processing path,can further enhance the second material distribution during local loading,improve the formability of components,and reduce forming loads.However,the absence of compatible forming equipment makes it difficult to control the constraint in the unloaded zones during the forming process.This difficulty complicates coordination and control of deformation,particularly for asymmetric rib-web components.Additionally,the current implementation involves multi-fire heating,a long process flow,and high energy consumption,which limits the popularization and application of the local loading process.In this study,a new multi-pass local loading hydraulic forming apparatus that can quickly and reliably switch between heavy-load deformation and low-load constraint for different local loading sub-dies was developed.A 10-tonne laboratory prototype was developed,and the forming characteristics during the forming process as well as the response characteristics of the hydraulic system during the multi-pass intermittent local loading of rib-web component were investigated using numerical simulations and physical experiments.Results indicated that,compared to a whole loading process with the same initial geometry of billet,the total forming load(i.e.,the sum of loaded and restrained loads)is reduced by more than 40%with the local loading process,and by nearly 50%with multi-pass local loading.The multi-pass local loading process allows for more effective control of material flow compared to single-pass local loading,leading to improved cavity filling and reduced flow line disturbance.For a large-scale,complex titanium alloy bulkhead,the cavity filling problem was addressed by optimizing the multi-pass local loading path with an unequal thickness billet.The dynamic performance of the multi-pass local loading hydraulic system was found to be robust,with stable pressure transitions during motion and load switching for the sub-die(s).The dynamic characteristic of the hydraulic cylinder when switching from non-moving/unloaded state to a moving/loading state are consistent whether a load is present or not.However,the dynamic characteristics differ when switching from a moving/loading state to non-moving/unloaded state,showing opposite behavior.The developed hydraulic drive mechanism provides a way for implementation of multi-pass local loading without auxiliary operation and extra heating.The results of the study provide a foundation for the industrial production of large-scale,complex components with reduced force requirement and low-energy consumption.展开更多
Artificial intelligence(AI)is emerging as a transformative enabler in the development of smart textile systems,particularly those integrating powder-based functional materials.This review highlights recent progress in...Artificial intelligence(AI)is emerging as a transformative enabler in the development of smart textile systems,particularly those integrating powder-based functional materials.This review highlights recent progress in AIguided design of carbon nanomaterials,metallic nanoparticles,and framework-based powders for applications in energy harvesting,intelligent sensing,and robotic actuation.Machine learning techniques,including supervised learning,transfer learning,and Bayesian optimization are discussed for accelerating materials discovery,enhancing integration strategies,and enabling real-time adaptive control.Emphasis is placed on how AI enables multifunctional,wearable platforms that sense,process,and respond to environmental and physiological cues with high accuracy and autonomy.Representative breakthroughs in soft robotics,haptic interfaces,and assistive devices are presented,demonstrating the synergy of AI and responsive textiles.Finally,the review outlines key challenges related to data scarcity,model generalizability,manufacturing scalability,and sustainability,while proposing future directions involving multimodal learning,autonomous experimentation,and ethics-aware design.This work offers a comprehensive outlook on next-generation AI-driven textile systems that seamlessly integrate intelligence,functionality,and wearability.展开更多
Radiative cooling systems(RCSs)possess the distinctive capability to dissipate heat energy via solar and thermal radiation,making them suitable for thermal regulation and energy conservation applications,essential for...Radiative cooling systems(RCSs)possess the distinctive capability to dissipate heat energy via solar and thermal radiation,making them suitable for thermal regulation and energy conservation applications,essential for mitigating the energy crisis.A comprehensive review connecting the advancements in engineered radiative cooling systems(ERCSs),encompassing material and structural design as well as thermal and energy-related applications,is currently absent.Herein,this review begins with a concise summary of the essential concepts of ERCSs,followed by an introduction to engineered materials and structures,containing nature-inspired designs,chromatic materials,meta-structural configurations,and multilayered constructions.It subsequently encapsulates the primary applications,including thermal-regulating textiles and energy-saving devices.Next,it highlights the challenges of ERCSs,including maximized thermoregulatory effects,environmental adaptability,scalability and sustainability,and interdisciplinary integration.It seeks to offer direction for forthcoming fundamental research and industrial advancement of radiative cooling systems in real-world applications.展开更多
The pursuit of heat-resistant energetic materials(HREMs)with thermal stability beyond 450℃ presents a significant challenge that has yet to be achieved.In this work,we develop an innovative electronic delocalization ...The pursuit of heat-resistant energetic materials(HREMs)with thermal stability beyond 450℃ presents a significant challenge that has yet to be achieved.In this work,we develop an innovative electronic delocalization strategy to design and synthesize a planar dizwitterionic diamino-bistriazolotetrazine,designated as TYX-1.The unique structural feature of TYX-1,including a nitrogen-rich fused ring system,planar conformation,and dizwitterionic configuration,combined with its hydrogen-bonded organic framework(HOF)structure,confer exceptional thermal stability(The onset temperature is 428℃,and the peak temperature is 473℃),high density(1.84 g/cm3),and remarkable detonation performance(detonation velocity:8616 m/s).Furthermore,TYX-1 exhibits an impressive insensitivity(impact sensitivity>40 J;friction sensitivity>360 N),surpassing all previously reported HREMs.Theoretical calculations and single-crystal clearly indicate that the delocalizedπelectrons within the dizwitterionic bistriazolotetrazine rings and the HOF structure of TYX-1 are pivotal in ensuring its high thermal stability and high energy density.The discovery of TYX-1 marks a significant advancement in the field of HREMs and is anticipated to catalyze substantial progress in various high-temperature applications reliant on energetic materials.展开更多
Nickel-rich layered oxides are considered highly promising cathode materials for all-solid-state batteries(ASSBs)due to their high theoretical specific capacity and energy density.In this study,a comparison between po...Nickel-rich layered oxides are considered highly promising cathode materials for all-solid-state batteries(ASSBs)due to their high theoretical specific capacity and energy density.In this study,a comparison between polycrystalline and single-crystalline cathode materials was conducted.It was found that,during the charging process,ion transport at the interface of polycrystalline cathodes is significantly influenced by phase transitions and side reactions with the electrolyte,resulting in an irreversible increase in impedance after cycling.Furthermore,the structural stability of the cathode material affects internal ion diffusion kinetics,thereby influencing its electrochemical performance.Unlike single-crystalline materials,ion migration in polycrystalline materials must traverse anisotropic grain boundaries,which,due to anisotropic lattice contraction,evolve into intergranular cracks,leading to reduced ion diffusion kinetics and degraded electrochemical performance.In contrast,single-crystalline cathodes exhibit more stable interfacial resistance and uniform ion transport during charging,ensuring structural stability over longterm cycling.Consequently,at a 0.5 C rate,the single-crystalline cathode maintains a specific capacity of143 m Ah/g after 500 cycles,with a capacity retention of 89.2%,while preserving its intact single-crystal morphology.This study provides valuable new insights into the localized lithium-ion transport behavior in single-crystalline and polycrystalline cathode materials for sulfide-based all-solid-state batteries.展开更多
To address the challenge of balancing thermal management and thermal runaway mitigation,it is crucial to explore effective methods for enhancing the safety of lithium-ion battery systems.Herein,an innovative hydrated ...To address the challenge of balancing thermal management and thermal runaway mitigation,it is crucial to explore effective methods for enhancing the safety of lithium-ion battery systems.Herein,an innovative hydrated salt composite phase change material(HSCPCM)with dual phase transition temperature zones has been proposed.This HSCPCM,denoted as SDMA10,combines hydrophilic modified expanded graphite,an acrylic emulsion coating,and eutectic hydrated salts to achieve leakage prevention,enhanced thermal stability,cycling stability,and superior phase change behavior.Battery modules incorporating SDMA10 demonstrate significant thermal control capabilities.Specifically,the cylindrical battery modules with SDMA10 can maintain maximum operating temperatures below 55°C at 4 C discharge rate,while prismatic battery modules can keep maximum operating temperatures below 65°C at 2 C discharge rate.In extreme battery overheating conditions simulated using heating plates,SDMA10 effectively suppresses thermal propagation.Even when the central heating plate reaches 300°C,the maximum temperature at the module edge heating plates remains below 85°C.Further,compared to organic composite phase change materials(CPCMs),the battery module with SDMA10 can further reduce the peak thermal runaway temperature by 93°C and delay the thermal runaway trigger time by 689 s,thereby significantly decreasing heat diffusion.Therefore,the designed HSCPCM integrates excellent latent heat storage and thermochemical storage capabilities,providing high thermal energy storage density within the thermal management and thermal runaway threshold temperature range.This research will offer a promising pathway for improving the thermal safety performance of battery packs in electric vehicles and other energy storage systems.展开更多
Ultrasonic-Assisted Grinding(UAG)is a novel manufacturing technology that shows promising promise for use in processing Ceramic Matrix Composites(CMCs).Nevertheless,analyzing the material removal process of CMCs with ...Ultrasonic-Assisted Grinding(UAG)is a novel manufacturing technology that shows promising promise for use in processing Ceramic Matrix Composites(CMCs).Nevertheless,analyzing the material removal process of CMCs with multidirectional structure during UAG is challenging,impeding the progress and improvement of the UAG process.This work examined the impact of ultrasonic vibration on the dynamic mechanical characteristics during processing.Additionally,we experimentally elucidated the material removal mechanism of CMCs during the scratching process under the influence of vertical vibration.The results indicate that the introduction of ultrasonic vibration causes a strain rate effect,resulting in a modification of the material removal mechanism,subsequently impacting the processing quality.Ultrasonic vibration increases the dynamic strength and brittleness of the fibers in CMCs,leading to more cracks at fracture,which changes from the original bending fracture to shear fracture.In addition,ultrasonic vibration can effectively inhibit the impact of scratching depth and anisotropy on the removal mechanism of CMCs,resulting in a more uniform surface of CMCs after processing.展开更多
The reactive materials filled structure(RMFS)is a structural penetrator that replaces high explosive(HE)with reactive materials,presenting a novel self-distributed initiation,multiple deflagrations behavior during pen...The reactive materials filled structure(RMFS)is a structural penetrator that replaces high explosive(HE)with reactive materials,presenting a novel self-distributed initiation,multiple deflagrations behavior during penetrating multi-layered plates,and generating a multipeak overpressure behind the plates.Here analytical models of RMFS self-distributed energy release and equivalent deflagration are developed.The multipeak overpressure formation model based on the single deflagration overpressure expression was promoted.The impact tests of RMFS on multi-layered plates at 584 m/s,616 m/s,and819 m/s were performed to validate the analytical model.Further,the influence of a single overpressure peak and time intervals versus impact velocity is discussed.The analysis results indicate that the deflagration happened within 20.68 mm behind the plate,the initial impact velocity and plate thickness are the crucial factors that dominate the self-distributed multipeak overpressure effect.Three formation patterns of multipeak overpressure are proposed.展开更多
Asymmetric supercapacitors(ASCs)are promising candidates for high-power output applications;however,their theoretical capacity remains largely unrealized owing to the low specific capacity of carbon negative electrode...Asymmetric supercapacitors(ASCs)are promising candidates for high-power output applications;however,their theoretical capacity remains largely unrealized owing to the low specific capacity of carbon negative electrodes.Traditional strategies for enhancing the specific capacity of carbon via structural optimization often compromise the tap density,electrical conductivity,and rate performance of the material.In this study,we address this bottleneck by incorporating 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyloxyl(4OT)as a redox mediator into the electrolyte to construct ASCs with well-matched capacities and potential windows between the two electrodes.With 50,100,and 200 mM 4OT added in electrolytes,the activated carbon electrodes achieve specific capacities of 113,181,and 263 mAh·g-1at 2 A·g-1.The Ni3S2/CoNi2S4positive electrode exhibited a specific capacity of 415 mAh·g-1,benefiting from its superior electrical conductivity,abundant active sites,and enhanced electrochemical activity.Notably,introducing 4OT to the electrolyte effectively balances the capacity and potential window of the two electrodes.Consequently,the as-assembled ASCs deliver a maximum energy density of55 Wh·kg-1,which surpasses previously reported values.Our work demonstrates that the rational selection and application of redox mediators have great potential for balancing electrode capacity and boosting the energy density of high-performance ASCs.展开更多
Damping polymers relying on significant internal friction in glass transition regions can suppress vibrations and noise;however,these materials generally exhibit a narrow damping breadth and severe mechanical instabil...Damping polymers relying on significant internal friction in glass transition regions can suppress vibrations and noise;however,these materials generally exhibit a narrow damping breadth and severe mechanical instability.Natural damping tissues such as the skin and cartilage achieve high energy dissipation through the combination of viscous fluid and a 3D elastic skeleton.This binary structure inspired a high energy dissipation gel design strategy using synergistic viscoelastic scheme of confined chains and host network.Herein,we provide a comprehensive overview of recent advances in bio-inspired damping polymer gels.The structural designs and their corresponding performances are elucidated in this review.We anticipate that this review will motivate further exploration of design and applications of damping polymers.展开更多
The potential of hydroxyapatite(HA)nanoparticles as an alternative fertilizer has been extensively explored to mitigate the negative effects of conventional fertilizers on soil health.However,their low solubility in s...The potential of hydroxyapatite(HA)nanoparticles as an alternative fertilizer has been extensively explored to mitigate the negative effects of conventional fertilizers on soil health.However,their low solubility in soil remains a significant challenge as this property reduces their efficiency for controlled nutrient delivery.To address this challenge,organic-inorganic nanocomposites,particularly HA-biopolymer-based nanofertilizers,have been proposed.These biocomposites combine the nutrient-rich feature of HA with the improved solubility and controlled-release ability provided by biopolymers,while also enhancing soil interaction to ensure more efficient and sustainable fertilization.The polymeric phase plays a key role in nutrient solubilization kinetics by facilitating microbial release,minimizing the need for frequent application,and reducing the toxicity to plants,which altogether reduces the overall environmental implications of fertilizer application.Despite recent advances,several key scientific gaps remain unaddressed,including the optimization of synthesis methods,the role of polymer composition in nutrient release kinetics,and the long-term effects of these nanofertilizers on soil health and plant productivity.This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the recent progress and prospects for HA-based nanofertilizers,emphasizing synthesis techniques,structural properties,and performance in soil environments.Additionally,it highlights the need for tailored approaches to optimize nutrient release profiles,ensuring sustained nutrient availability,reduced environmental impact,and enhanced agricultural productivity.By identifying these knowledge gaps,this review aims to guide future research toward the design of next-generation HA-biopolymer nanocomposites with improved efficiency and sustainability compared to existing ones.展开更多
Thermoelectric (TE) materials enable precise, noiseless, and moving-part-free waste heat recovery and solid-state refrigeration through the Seebeck and Peltier effects [1–3]. The efficiency of TE materials is typical...Thermoelectric (TE) materials enable precise, noiseless, and moving-part-free waste heat recovery and solid-state refrigeration through the Seebeck and Peltier effects [1–3]. The efficiency of TE materials is typically evaluated by a dimensionless figure of merit (ZT = S2σT/(κe+ κl)), which depends on the delicate interplay among the electrical conductivity (σ), Seebeck coefficient (S), lattice thermal conductivity (κl), and electronic thermal conductivity (κe) [4].展开更多
The mid-infrared(MIR)spectral window,typically spanning wavelengths from 2.5 to 20μm(or wave numbers 500-4000 cm−1),constitutes a pivotal domain of the electromagnetic spectrum,where molecular vibrational and rota...The mid-infrared(MIR)spectral window,typically spanning wavelengths from 2.5 to 20μm(or wave numbers 500-4000 cm−1),constitutes a pivotal domain of the electromagnetic spectrum,where molecular vibrational and rotational transitions enable precise spectroscopic identification and tunable thermal radiation modulation.Mastery over this spectral range underpins a broad and growing suite of technologies,encompassing high-resolution MIR imaging and spectroscopic gas sensing,advanced thermal management via radiative cooling/heating and dynamic emissivity control,integrated photonic platforms featuring low-loss optical windows and waveguides,as well as MIR laser systems that leverage broadband transparency for efficient frequency conversion and beam delivery.High MIR transmittance(TMIR)is therefore essential for driving MIR photonic innovations,enabling efficient photon transmission,modulation,and targeted heat control.Yet,the fundamental interplay among material structure,photonic/electronic behavior,and MIR optical performance remains underexplored.This review comprehensively evaluates high TMIR materials,with an emphasis on their optical mechanisms,structural attributes,synthesis routes,and performance benchmarks.By elucidating structure-property relationships and offering design strategies for MIR transparency,this review provides a roadmap for developing high-performance MIR transparent materials for advanced thermal management,infrared optics,and next-generation photonic systems.展开更多
Cement stands as a dominant contributor to global energy consumption and carbon emissions in the construction industry.With the upgrading of infrastructure and the improvement of building standards,traditional cement ...Cement stands as a dominant contributor to global energy consumption and carbon emissions in the construction industry.With the upgrading of infrastructure and the improvement of building standards,traditional cement fails to reconcile ecological responsibility with advanced functional performance.By incorporating tailored fillers into cement matrices,the resulting composites achieve enhanced thermoelectric(TE)conversion capabilities.These materials can harness solar radiation from building envelopes and recover waste heat from indoor thermal gradients,facilitating bidirectional energy conversion.This review offers a comprehensive and timely overview of cementbased thermoelectric materials(CTEMs),integrating material design,device fabrication,and diverse applications into a holistic perspective.It summarizes recent advancements in TE performance enhancement,encompassing fillers optimization and matrices innovation.Additionally,the review consolidates fabrication strategies and performance evaluations of cement-based thermoelectric devices(CTEDs),providing detailed discussions on their roles in monitoring and protection,energy harvesting,and smart building.We also address sustainability,durability,and lifecycle considerations of CTEMs,which are essential for real-world deployment.Finally,we outline future research directions in materials design,device engineering,and scalable manufacturing to foster the practical application of CTEMs in sustainable and intelligent infrastructure.展开更多
摘要The purpose of this study lies in exploring the role of materiality in environmental information disclosures under the securities laws of the United States and China,discussing the differences in the regulatory mechanism,limits of enforcement,and challenges of seeking global harmonization.The paper does a comparative legal analysis of statutory provisions,judicial interpretations,and regulatory frameworks of the U.S.Securities and Exchange Commission(SEC)and the China Securities Regulatory Commission(CSRC).Furthermore,it provides frameworks of global sustainability reporting such as the Task Force on Climate-related Financial Disclosures(TCFD)and the Global Reporting Initiative(GRI).The findings show that U.S.securities law uses a financial materiality standard with respect to what companies must disclose to investors.On the other hand,China’s regulatory approach has a double materiality in considering not only financial impacts but also wider environmental and social factors.Although there are these distinctions,both of these jurisdictions face issues of common obstruction such as ambiguities in materiality determination,inconsistent enforcement,and fear of greenwashing.This paper asserts that the U.S.and China regulatory frameworks need to converge more to promote greater corporate transparency and ESG disclosures.Regulators can even align disclosure practices with internationally recognized standards of work to add confidence for investors,fight off misleading sustainability claims and ensure accountable reporting in pertinent environments.The study concludes that the green challenges of global markets can only be tackled by regulating cooperative actions and using standardized reporting guidelines.
摘要Our contribution analyzes the process of convergence with the International Standards of Audit (ISAs), particularly those that regulate the concept of materiality in Mexico and Colombia. Between other results, across a survey, it is demonstrated why the effective use of the factors that emerge of his qualitative slope can favor the quality of the financial information that publish the audited companies, the usefulness and the comprehensibility of the report of opinion. In general, the reliability, transparency, and relevancy of the financial statements will meet potentially favored with the strict application of these major and better normative instruments.
摘要New materialism has become one of the most influential theoretical vocabularies for rethinking agency,embodiment,ecology,and the posthuman condition.Yet its major formulations remain largely organized by a Euro-American archive in which matter must be rescued from the long shadow of substance ontology,representationalism,and the passive object.This article proposes a Chinese intervention in that debate by reinterpreting qi(气)as a dynamic and processual form of materiality.Rather than treating qi as a mystical substance,a premodern energy,or a cultural metaphor,the article reconstructs it as a relational,transformative,and self-differentiating mode of material becoming.Through a critical dialogue with Karen Barad[1]’s agential realism[1]and Jane Bennett[2]’s vibrant matter,it argues that qi offers a non-substantialist ontology in which materiality is neither inert stuff nor discrete thinghood but the ongoing modulation of forces,tendencies,intensities,and relational configurations.The article introduces the concept of“processual materiality”to describe this ontological logic.Processual materiality names a mode of matter that is real without being static,efficacious without being anthropomorphic,and differentiated without requiring an original split between matter,meaning,and life.By placing qi beside agential realism[1]and vibrant materialism[2],the article builds a conceptual bridge between Chinese philosophy and contemporary cultural theory,while also challenging new materialism[3][20]to provincialize its own intellectual genealogy.The final section considers the implications of this bridge for posthumanism,especially debates on relational subjectivity,ecological ethics,and the more-than-human humanities.
摘要This study explores the challenges involved in preserving the materiality and memory of World War II(WWll)heritage sites in Trondheim,Norway.Structures such as military installations and bunkers hold significant cultural and historical value,yet their conservation involves facing a range of complexities between varying public perceptions,historical narratives,modern reuses,and physical durability.This study presents ten interconnected research questions designed to build a framework for understanding the various connections needed to address these complexities.By analysing Trondheim's case study,this research highlights the importance of integrating both tangible and intangible aspects,considering public perceptions and managing the site's appearance,use and identity to preserve historical narratives.The findings emphasise the value of cross-disciplinary collaboration in addressing the conservation of warbuilt heritage and propose strategies for balancing memory preservation with evolving urban contexts.This research also provides a database for better site management and future memory-related interventions.
摘要This study focuses on the principle of dual materiality and the stakeholder disclosure mechanism in corporate sustainability reports,and assesses the corporate social responsibility disclosure practices of multinational companies based on the Global Reporting Initiative(GRI)standards.The case study examined the 2022-2023 annual reports of ten companies and revealed a significant imbalance in stakeholder participation:the depth of information disclosure by investors and regulators was significantly greater than that by community organizations and civil society groups.At the level of dual materiality integration,environmental risk issues dominate,while social impact assessments such as human rights in the supply chain are relatively weak.The research reveals three major barriers to disclosure:information repetition leads to a decrease in reading efficiency,differences in compliance requirements between jurisdictions cause contradictions in disclosure,and the priority of reputation management weakens the integrity of negative information disclosure.Based on this,it is suggested to build an intelligent ESG management framework,optimize the disclosure focus through a dynamic stakeholder weight adjustment mechanism,and develop an automated compliance comparison tool to reduce institutional friction.This plan aims to improve the operability and credibility of corporate sustainability reports and provide theoretical support for the establishment of a unified global reporting standard.
基金supported by the IITP(Institute of Information & Communications Technology Planning & Evaluation)-ITRC(Information Technology Research Center) grant funded by the Korea government(Ministry of Science and ICT) (IITP-2025-RS-2024-00437191, and RS-2025-02303505)partly supported by the Korea Basic Science Institute (National Research Facilities and Equipment Center) grant funded by the Ministry of Education. (No. 2022R1A6C101A774)the Deanship of Research and Graduate Studies at King Khalid University, Saudi Arabia, through Large Research Project under grant number RGP-2/527/46
摘要The growing global energy demand and worsening climate change highlight the urgent need for clean,efficient and sustainable energy solutions.Among emerging technologies,atomically thin two-dimensional(2D)materials offer unique advantages in photovoltaics due to their tunable optoelectronic properties,high surface area and efficient charge transport capabilities.This review explores recent progress in photovoltaics incorporating 2D materials,focusing on their application as hole and electron transport layers to optimize bandgap alignment,enhance carrier mobility and improve chemical stability.A comprehensive analysis is presented on perovskite solar cells utilizing 2D materials,with a particular focus on strategies to enhance crystallization,passivate defects and improve overall cell efficiency.Additionally,the application of 2D materials in organic solar cells is examined,particularly for reducing recombination losses and enhancing charge extraction through work function modification.Their impact on dye-sensitized solar cells,including catalytic activity and counter electrode performance,is also explored.Finally,the review outlines key challenges,material limitations and performance metrics,offering insight into the future development of nextgeneration photovoltaic devices encouraged by 2D materials.
基金the supports of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52375378)。
摘要The multi-pass intermittent local loading process,which features a more flexible processing path,can further enhance the second material distribution during local loading,improve the formability of components,and reduce forming loads.However,the absence of compatible forming equipment makes it difficult to control the constraint in the unloaded zones during the forming process.This difficulty complicates coordination and control of deformation,particularly for asymmetric rib-web components.Additionally,the current implementation involves multi-fire heating,a long process flow,and high energy consumption,which limits the popularization and application of the local loading process.In this study,a new multi-pass local loading hydraulic forming apparatus that can quickly and reliably switch between heavy-load deformation and low-load constraint for different local loading sub-dies was developed.A 10-tonne laboratory prototype was developed,and the forming characteristics during the forming process as well as the response characteristics of the hydraulic system during the multi-pass intermittent local loading of rib-web component were investigated using numerical simulations and physical experiments.Results indicated that,compared to a whole loading process with the same initial geometry of billet,the total forming load(i.e.,the sum of loaded and restrained loads)is reduced by more than 40%with the local loading process,and by nearly 50%with multi-pass local loading.The multi-pass local loading process allows for more effective control of material flow compared to single-pass local loading,leading to improved cavity filling and reduced flow line disturbance.For a large-scale,complex titanium alloy bulkhead,the cavity filling problem was addressed by optimizing the multi-pass local loading path with an unequal thickness billet.The dynamic performance of the multi-pass local loading hydraulic system was found to be robust,with stable pressure transitions during motion and load switching for the sub-die(s).The dynamic characteristic of the hydraulic cylinder when switching from non-moving/unloaded state to a moving/loading state are consistent whether a load is present or not.However,the dynamic characteristics differ when switching from a moving/loading state to non-moving/unloaded state,showing opposite behavior.The developed hydraulic drive mechanism provides a way for implementation of multi-pass local loading without auxiliary operation and extra heating.The results of the study provide a foundation for the industrial production of large-scale,complex components with reduced force requirement and low-energy consumption.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52373085,52573090 and U21A2095)Department of Science and Technology of Hubei Province(No.2025CSA001 and 2024CSA076),Outstanding Young and Middle-aged Scientific and Technology Innovation Team of Higher Education Institutions of Hubei Province(No.T2024010),Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province(No.2023AFA828 and 2024AFB238)+2 种基金Innovative Team Program of Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province(2023AFA027)Open Fund for Hubei Integrative Technology and Innovation Center for Advanced Fiberous Materials(XC202517)National Local Joint Laboratory for Advanced Textile Processing and Clean Production(FX20240005).
摘要Artificial intelligence(AI)is emerging as a transformative enabler in the development of smart textile systems,particularly those integrating powder-based functional materials.This review highlights recent progress in AIguided design of carbon nanomaterials,metallic nanoparticles,and framework-based powders for applications in energy harvesting,intelligent sensing,and robotic actuation.Machine learning techniques,including supervised learning,transfer learning,and Bayesian optimization are discussed for accelerating materials discovery,enhancing integration strategies,and enabling real-time adaptive control.Emphasis is placed on how AI enables multifunctional,wearable platforms that sense,process,and respond to environmental and physiological cues with high accuracy and autonomy.Representative breakthroughs in soft robotics,haptic interfaces,and assistive devices are presented,demonstrating the synergy of AI and responsive textiles.Finally,the review outlines key challenges related to data scarcity,model generalizability,manufacturing scalability,and sustainability,while proposing future directions involving multimodal learning,autonomous experimentation,and ethics-aware design.This work offers a comprehensive outlook on next-generation AI-driven textile systems that seamlessly integrate intelligence,functionality,and wearability.
基金support from the Contract Research(“Development of Breathable Fabrics with Nano-Electrospun Membrane”,CityU ref.:9231419“Research and application of antibacterial and healing-promoting smart nanofiber dressing for children’s burn wounds”,CityU ref:PJ9240111)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(“Study of Multi-Responsive Shape Memory Polyurethane Nanocomposites Inspired by Natural Fibers”,Grant No.51673162)Startup Grant of CityU(“Laboratory of Wearable Materials for Healthcare”,Grant No.9380116).
摘要Radiative cooling systems(RCSs)possess the distinctive capability to dissipate heat energy via solar and thermal radiation,making them suitable for thermal regulation and energy conservation applications,essential for mitigating the energy crisis.A comprehensive review connecting the advancements in engineered radiative cooling systems(ERCSs),encompassing material and structural design as well as thermal and energy-related applications,is currently absent.Herein,this review begins with a concise summary of the essential concepts of ERCSs,followed by an introduction to engineered materials and structures,containing nature-inspired designs,chromatic materials,meta-structural configurations,and multilayered constructions.It subsequently encapsulates the primary applications,including thermal-regulating textiles and energy-saving devices.Next,it highlights the challenges of ERCSs,including maximized thermoregulatory effects,environmental adaptability,scalability and sustainability,and interdisciplinary integration.It seeks to offer direction for forthcoming fundamental research and industrial advancement of radiative cooling systems in real-world applications.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.22105156,22175139,22505195,22171136,22405207 and 22302156)the China National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(Grant No.22325504)。
摘要The pursuit of heat-resistant energetic materials(HREMs)with thermal stability beyond 450℃ presents a significant challenge that has yet to be achieved.In this work,we develop an innovative electronic delocalization strategy to design and synthesize a planar dizwitterionic diamino-bistriazolotetrazine,designated as TYX-1.The unique structural feature of TYX-1,including a nitrogen-rich fused ring system,planar conformation,and dizwitterionic configuration,combined with its hydrogen-bonded organic framework(HOF)structure,confer exceptional thermal stability(The onset temperature is 428℃,and the peak temperature is 473℃),high density(1.84 g/cm3),and remarkable detonation performance(detonation velocity:8616 m/s).Furthermore,TYX-1 exhibits an impressive insensitivity(impact sensitivity>40 J;friction sensitivity>360 N),surpassing all previously reported HREMs.Theoretical calculations and single-crystal clearly indicate that the delocalizedπelectrons within the dizwitterionic bistriazolotetrazine rings and the HOF structure of TYX-1 are pivotal in ensuring its high thermal stability and high energy density.The discovery of TYX-1 marks a significant advancement in the field of HREMs and is anticipated to catalyze substantial progress in various high-temperature applications reliant on energetic materials.
基金financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51902347)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of Central South University(No.2022ZZTS0439)。
摘要Nickel-rich layered oxides are considered highly promising cathode materials for all-solid-state batteries(ASSBs)due to their high theoretical specific capacity and energy density.In this study,a comparison between polycrystalline and single-crystalline cathode materials was conducted.It was found that,during the charging process,ion transport at the interface of polycrystalline cathodes is significantly influenced by phase transitions and side reactions with the electrolyte,resulting in an irreversible increase in impedance after cycling.Furthermore,the structural stability of the cathode material affects internal ion diffusion kinetics,thereby influencing its electrochemical performance.Unlike single-crystalline materials,ion migration in polycrystalline materials must traverse anisotropic grain boundaries,which,due to anisotropic lattice contraction,evolve into intergranular cracks,leading to reduced ion diffusion kinetics and degraded electrochemical performance.In contrast,single-crystalline cathodes exhibit more stable interfacial resistance and uniform ion transport during charging,ensuring structural stability over longterm cycling.Consequently,at a 0.5 C rate,the single-crystalline cathode maintains a specific capacity of143 m Ah/g after 500 cycles,with a capacity retention of 89.2%,while preserving its intact single-crystal morphology.This study provides valuable new insights into the localized lithium-ion transport behavior in single-crystalline and polycrystalline cathode materials for sulfide-based all-solid-state batteries.
基金financially supported by Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong province(2024A1515010228)CATARC Automotive Inspection Center Excellent Engineer Program(2023B0909050007).
摘要To address the challenge of balancing thermal management and thermal runaway mitigation,it is crucial to explore effective methods for enhancing the safety of lithium-ion battery systems.Herein,an innovative hydrated salt composite phase change material(HSCPCM)with dual phase transition temperature zones has been proposed.This HSCPCM,denoted as SDMA10,combines hydrophilic modified expanded graphite,an acrylic emulsion coating,and eutectic hydrated salts to achieve leakage prevention,enhanced thermal stability,cycling stability,and superior phase change behavior.Battery modules incorporating SDMA10 demonstrate significant thermal control capabilities.Specifically,the cylindrical battery modules with SDMA10 can maintain maximum operating temperatures below 55°C at 4 C discharge rate,while prismatic battery modules can keep maximum operating temperatures below 65°C at 2 C discharge rate.In extreme battery overheating conditions simulated using heating plates,SDMA10 effectively suppresses thermal propagation.Even when the central heating plate reaches 300°C,the maximum temperature at the module edge heating plates remains below 85°C.Further,compared to organic composite phase change materials(CPCMs),the battery module with SDMA10 can further reduce the peak thermal runaway temperature by 93°C and delay the thermal runaway trigger time by 689 s,thereby significantly decreasing heat diffusion.Therefore,the designed HSCPCM integrates excellent latent heat storage and thermochemical storage capabilities,providing high thermal energy storage density within the thermal management and thermal runaway threshold temperature range.This research will offer a promising pathway for improving the thermal safety performance of battery packs in electric vehicles and other energy storage systems.
基金supported by the National Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of China(No.52325506)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.DUT22LAB501)。
摘要Ultrasonic-Assisted Grinding(UAG)is a novel manufacturing technology that shows promising promise for use in processing Ceramic Matrix Composites(CMCs).Nevertheless,analyzing the material removal process of CMCs with multidirectional structure during UAG is challenging,impeding the progress and improvement of the UAG process.This work examined the impact of ultrasonic vibration on the dynamic mechanical characteristics during processing.Additionally,we experimentally elucidated the material removal mechanism of CMCs during the scratching process under the influence of vertical vibration.The results indicate that the introduction of ultrasonic vibration causes a strain rate effect,resulting in a modification of the material removal mechanism,subsequently impacting the processing quality.Ultrasonic vibration increases the dynamic strength and brittleness of the fibers in CMCs,leading to more cracks at fracture,which changes from the original bending fracture to shear fracture.In addition,ultrasonic vibration can effectively inhibit the impact of scratching depth and anisotropy on the removal mechanism of CMCs,resulting in a more uniform surface of CMCs after processing.
基金the support received from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12302460)the State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Safety Protection(Grant No.YBKT24-02)。
摘要The reactive materials filled structure(RMFS)is a structural penetrator that replaces high explosive(HE)with reactive materials,presenting a novel self-distributed initiation,multiple deflagrations behavior during penetrating multi-layered plates,and generating a multipeak overpressure behind the plates.Here analytical models of RMFS self-distributed energy release and equivalent deflagration are developed.The multipeak overpressure formation model based on the single deflagration overpressure expression was promoted.The impact tests of RMFS on multi-layered plates at 584 m/s,616 m/s,and819 m/s were performed to validate the analytical model.Further,the influence of a single overpressure peak and time intervals versus impact velocity is discussed.The analysis results indicate that the deflagration happened within 20.68 mm behind the plate,the initial impact velocity and plate thickness are the crucial factors that dominate the self-distributed multipeak overpressure effect.Three formation patterns of multipeak overpressure are proposed.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22579071 and 22109056)the Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province,China(No.KYCX24_4119)。
摘要Asymmetric supercapacitors(ASCs)are promising candidates for high-power output applications;however,their theoretical capacity remains largely unrealized owing to the low specific capacity of carbon negative electrodes.Traditional strategies for enhancing the specific capacity of carbon via structural optimization often compromise the tap density,electrical conductivity,and rate performance of the material.In this study,we address this bottleneck by incorporating 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyloxyl(4OT)as a redox mediator into the electrolyte to construct ASCs with well-matched capacities and potential windows between the two electrodes.With 50,100,and 200 mM 4OT added in electrolytes,the activated carbon electrodes achieve specific capacities of 113,181,and 263 mAh·g-1at 2 A·g-1.The Ni3S2/CoNi2S4positive electrode exhibited a specific capacity of 415 mAh·g-1,benefiting from its superior electrical conductivity,abundant active sites,and enhanced electrochemical activity.Notably,introducing 4OT to the electrolyte effectively balances the capacity and potential window of the two electrodes.Consequently,the as-assembled ASCs deliver a maximum energy density of55 Wh·kg-1,which surpasses previously reported values.Our work demonstrates that the rational selection and application of redox mediators have great potential for balancing electrode capacity and boosting the energy density of high-performance ASCs.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22403006,22341301 and 52503084)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2024M764082)。
摘要Damping polymers relying on significant internal friction in glass transition regions can suppress vibrations and noise;however,these materials generally exhibit a narrow damping breadth and severe mechanical instability.Natural damping tissues such as the skin and cartilage achieve high energy dissipation through the combination of viscous fluid and a 3D elastic skeleton.This binary structure inspired a high energy dissipation gel design strategy using synergistic viscoelastic scheme of confined chains and host network.Herein,we provide a comprehensive overview of recent advances in bio-inspired damping polymer gels.The structural designs and their corresponding performances are elucidated in this review.We anticipate that this review will motivate further exploration of design and applications of damping polymers.
基金supported by the Office Chérifien des Phosphates(OCP)Foundation,Morocco(No.AS110)the OCP Foundation+3 种基金OCP InnovationMohammedⅥPolytechnic University(UM6P)Centre National pour la Recherche Scientifique et Technique(CNRST)Ministre de l’Enseignement Supérieur,de la Recherche Scientifique et de l’Innovation(MESRSFC),Morocco。
摘要The potential of hydroxyapatite(HA)nanoparticles as an alternative fertilizer has been extensively explored to mitigate the negative effects of conventional fertilizers on soil health.However,their low solubility in soil remains a significant challenge as this property reduces their efficiency for controlled nutrient delivery.To address this challenge,organic-inorganic nanocomposites,particularly HA-biopolymer-based nanofertilizers,have been proposed.These biocomposites combine the nutrient-rich feature of HA with the improved solubility and controlled-release ability provided by biopolymers,while also enhancing soil interaction to ensure more efficient and sustainable fertilization.The polymeric phase plays a key role in nutrient solubilization kinetics by facilitating microbial release,minimizing the need for frequent application,and reducing the toxicity to plants,which altogether reduces the overall environmental implications of fertilizer application.Despite recent advances,several key scientific gaps remain unaddressed,including the optimization of synthesis methods,the role of polymer composition in nutrient release kinetics,and the long-term effects of these nanofertilizers on soil health and plant productivity.This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the recent progress and prospects for HA-based nanofertilizers,emphasizing synthesis techniques,structural properties,and performance in soil environments.Additionally,it highlights the need for tailored approaches to optimize nutrient release profiles,ensuring sustained nutrient availability,reduced environmental impact,and enhanced agricultural productivity.By identifying these knowledge gaps,this review aims to guide future research toward the design of next-generation HA-biopolymer nanocomposites with improved efficiency and sustainability compared to existing ones.
基金supports from the Department of Education of Liaoning Province (LJ242510147006)
摘要Thermoelectric (TE) materials enable precise, noiseless, and moving-part-free waste heat recovery and solid-state refrigeration through the Seebeck and Peltier effects [1–3]. The efficiency of TE materials is typically evaluated by a dimensionless figure of merit (ZT = S2σT/(κe+ κl)), which depends on the delicate interplay among the electrical conductivity (σ), Seebeck coefficient (S), lattice thermal conductivity (κl), and electronic thermal conductivity (κe) [4].
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52203070)the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province(2025AFB863)+1 种基金support from the Global STEM Professorship Scheme sponsored by the Government of Hong Kong Special Administrative Region,Start-up funding from The Chinese University of Hong Kong,2024 Shenzhen-Hong Kong-Macao Science and Technology Program(Category C)(SGDX20230821094659005)Innovation and Technology Fund(ITS/221/23).
摘要The mid-infrared(MIR)spectral window,typically spanning wavelengths from 2.5 to 20μm(or wave numbers 500-4000 cm−1),constitutes a pivotal domain of the electromagnetic spectrum,where molecular vibrational and rotational transitions enable precise spectroscopic identification and tunable thermal radiation modulation.Mastery over this spectral range underpins a broad and growing suite of technologies,encompassing high-resolution MIR imaging and spectroscopic gas sensing,advanced thermal management via radiative cooling/heating and dynamic emissivity control,integrated photonic platforms featuring low-loss optical windows and waveguides,as well as MIR laser systems that leverage broadband transparency for efficient frequency conversion and beam delivery.High MIR transmittance(TMIR)is therefore essential for driving MIR photonic innovations,enabling efficient photon transmission,modulation,and targeted heat control.Yet,the fundamental interplay among material structure,photonic/electronic behavior,and MIR optical performance remains underexplored.This review comprehensively evaluates high TMIR materials,with an emphasis on their optical mechanisms,structural attributes,synthesis routes,and performance benchmarks.By elucidating structure-property relationships and offering design strategies for MIR transparency,this review provides a roadmap for developing high-performance MIR transparent materials for advanced thermal management,infrared optics,and next-generation photonic systems.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52242305).
摘要Cement stands as a dominant contributor to global energy consumption and carbon emissions in the construction industry.With the upgrading of infrastructure and the improvement of building standards,traditional cement fails to reconcile ecological responsibility with advanced functional performance.By incorporating tailored fillers into cement matrices,the resulting composites achieve enhanced thermoelectric(TE)conversion capabilities.These materials can harness solar radiation from building envelopes and recover waste heat from indoor thermal gradients,facilitating bidirectional energy conversion.This review offers a comprehensive and timely overview of cementbased thermoelectric materials(CTEMs),integrating material design,device fabrication,and diverse applications into a holistic perspective.It summarizes recent advancements in TE performance enhancement,encompassing fillers optimization and matrices innovation.Additionally,the review consolidates fabrication strategies and performance evaluations of cement-based thermoelectric devices(CTEDs),providing detailed discussions on their roles in monitoring and protection,energy harvesting,and smart building.We also address sustainability,durability,and lifecycle considerations of CTEMs,which are essential for real-world deployment.Finally,we outline future research directions in materials design,device engineering,and scalable manufacturing to foster the practical application of CTEMs in sustainable and intelligent infrastructure.