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Radiation-hardened Pipeline in Microcontroller Core 认领 引用
1
作者 XUE Haiwei LI Xinqiang +1 位作者 WANG Jinxiang FU Fangfa 《原子能科学技术》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2026年第3期733-744,共12页
With its growth in spacecraft control applications,the microcontroller(MCU)becomes increasingly sensitive to radiation and the risks of system failure.In a radiation environment,the MCU is vulnerable to impacts from h... With its growth in spacecraft control applications,the microcontroller(MCU)becomes increasingly sensitive to radiation and the risks of system failure.In a radiation environment,the MCU is vulnerable to impacts from high-energy particles,which can lead to single-event effect(SEE)that disrupt normal system operations.The pipeline of MCU,being the core structure of the system,is particularly susceptible to single-event upset(SEU)and potentially causes execution failures.However,existing radiation-hardening techniques offer limited effectiveness for pipelines.To enhance SEU resistance,this study focused on a 32-bit MCU core with eight pipeline stages,proposing a pipeline hardening approach that utilizes lockstep technology to improve fault tolerance.Signals from two processors were compared including register write data,register contents and pre-fetched instructions.Any discrepancies triggered error flags to indicate faults.When an error flag was raised,recovery was initiated through an interrupt.The interrupt handler then retrieved state information from the advanced peripheral bus(APB)slave module to restore the CPU's operational state and resume execution.By combining hardware-based state preservation with software-driven error recovery,the proposed solution demonstrated significant improvements in fault tolerance rates and performance compared to traditional checkpoint-based techniques.After completing the pipeline hardening design,a fault injection platform was utilized in this paper to simulate real-world error conditions on internal processor modules.The platform was developed based on the circuit's register-transfer-level(RTL)design and statistical results.The fault injection platform was performed by automatically finding all registers within the target design.The register values were forced to upset at the tens of nanoseconds scale in the RTL description of the circuit's design.After running the circuit's functional simulation,the statistics of the faults in registers were displayed on the platform,which evaluated the influence of SEU.The vulnerability of SEU in the circuit could be observed from the results of the soft error statistics.The post-hardening soft error rates were then measured and compared to pre-hardening data,providing a quantitative evaluation of the improvements.Using this method,the soft error rates of the modules in the MCU core such as PFU,DPU,and Cache AXIM are 40.07%,26.36%,and 27.29%respectively before hardening.The soft error rates of modules mentioned above are reduced to 0%,0.69%,and 1.11%after hardening.The hardened and non-hardened designs of the entire core were implemented in FPGA.The total resource utilization of the triple mode redundancy(TMR)is 111984,as indicated by the number of look-up tables(LUTs)and registers consumed in the FPGA.The total resource utilization of this work is 78034,and the ratio of resource utilization between this work and TMR is approximately 69.68%.The error recovery time for the hardened MCU processor was analyzed using the completion cycles of a bubble sort algorithm as a benchmark.In this paper,the average recovery cycle using the software checkpoint roll-back method is 36479.06,and the average recovery cycle using this work is 26922.5.The ratio of recovery cycles between this work and checkpoint roll-back is about 73.8%.Assessments through random fault injection and FPGA implementation indicate that this approach effectively reduces processor faults caused by soft errors while optimizing resource utilization and efficiency over triplemodular redundancy. 展开更多
关键词 radiation-hardened CPU microcontroller pipeline recovery fault injection
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Development of a microcontroller-based embedded system for position control of spray delivery pipe of tractor-operated air ballast sprayer 认领 引用
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作者 Arjun Chouriya Rohit Singh Edathiparambil V.Thomas 《Technology in Agronomy》 2025年第1期79-84,共6页
A traditional air blast sprayer typically relies on an additional operator to manage the positioning of the spray delivery pipe.To eliminate the need for a second operator,a microcontroller-based embedded system was d... A traditional air blast sprayer typically relies on an additional operator to manage the positioning of the spray delivery pipe.To eliminate the need for a second operator,a microcontroller-based embedded system was developed and tested under laboratory conditions using a specialized setup.This system consisted of several components:a spray delivery pipe controller to regulate and rotate the spray delivery pipe based on signals received from the microcontroller,a signal generator to create signals by adjusting the lever via potentiometer R1 to specify the desired position of the spray delivery pipe,a mechanical position indicator to display the required or set location of the pipe and a microcontroller-based embedded system to process the signals generated by the signal generator and compare them with the current location signal.The embedded system then outputs a signal,which,when received by the motor,determines the angle and direction of rotation for the spray delivery pipe.This rotation is facilitated by the motor's command to rotate the ring gear through the rotation of the pinion gear,ultimately controlling the movement of the spray delivery pipe.The evaluation findings indicated that the developed system requires 36.48 s to execute a full rotation of the spray delivery pipe,with an angle error ranging from 0 to 2 degrees.Overall,the developed embedded system holds the potential to eliminate the need for a second operator,offering convenient management and control of the spray delivery pipe. 展开更多
关键词 create signals embedded system spray delivery pipe signal generator microcontroller based system position control air blast sprayer regulate rotate spray delivery pipe
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Improved direct power injection model of 16-bit microcontroller for electromagnetic immunity prediction 认领 引用 被引量：3
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作者 高雪莲 田聪颖 +2 位作者 落丽媛 陈银红 陈彦宇 《Journal of Central South University》 SCIE EI CAS 2011年第6期2031-2035,共5页
To promote the modeling standardization process of the integrated circuits, an improved electrical simulation model for a direct power injection （DPI） setup which was used to measure the conducted immunity of a 16-b... To promote the modeling standardization process of the integrated circuits, an improved electrical simulation model for a direct power injection （DPI） setup which was used to measure the conducted immunity of a 16-bit microcontroller to radio frequency aggression was investigated. Based on the existing model of the same microcontroller, the PDN module was modified by adding the core, PLL and MD network models, which could reflect the actual electric distribution situation within the microcontroller more accurately. By comparing the simulation results with the measurement results, the effectiveness of the modified model can be improved to 500 MHz, and its uncertainty is within ＋1.8 dB （＋2 dB is acceptable）. Then, to improve the simulation accuracy of the complete model in the high frequency range, the I/O model which contained the dynamic and nonlinear characteristics reflecting the variation of the internal impedance of the microcontroller with increasing the frequency of the external noise was introduced. By comparing the simulation results with the measurement results, the effectiveness of the second modified model can be improved up to 1.4 GHz with the uncertainty of ~1.8 dB. Thus, a conclusion can be reached that the proposed model can be applied to a much wider frequency range with a smaller uncertainty than the latest model of the similar type. Furthermore, associated with the electromagnetic emission testing platform model, the PDN module can also be used to predict the electromagnetic conducted and radiated emission characteristics. This modeling method can also be applied to other integrated circuits, which is very helpful to the standardization of the IC electromagnetic compatibility （EMC） modeling process. 展开更多
关键词 electromagnetic immunity microcontroller direct power injection passive distribution network
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Microcontroller Design Based on Dynamic Heterogeneous Redundancy Architecture 认领 引用 被引量：3
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作者 Ling Ouyang Ke Song +1 位作者 Wenjian Zhang Shuai Wei 《China Communications》 SCIE CSCD 2023年第9期144-159,共16页
Redundancy control can effectively enhance the stability and robustness of a system.Based on the conventional redundancy control switchover and majority arbitration strategy,this paper introduces the concept of hetero... Redundancy control can effectively enhance the stability and robustness of a system.Based on the conventional redundancy control switchover and majority arbitration strategy,this paper introduces the concept of heterogeneity and dynamics,constructs a dynamic heterogeneous redundancy-based microcontroller architecture DHR-MCU,and designs a fixed-leader distributed consensus algorithm that satisfies the program running state control of this architecture.The theoretical analysis and actual measurement of the prototype system prove that this architecture has good anti-attack and self-recovery capabilities under normal functions and performances and meets the general robust features in terms of safety and security. 展开更多
关键词 dynamic heterogeneous redundancy microcontroller distributed consensus algorithm generalized robustness
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The Features of Microcontroller EM78P447 and Technique of Port Connection with I^2C Series Bus 认领 引用 被引量：2
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作者 Huang Ji-wu Yang Hong-wei +2 位作者 Li Yang Shen Rui-hua You Zhi 《Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences》 EI CAS 2000年第4期461-463,共3页
By describing the technique of port connection and flow chart ofR/W operation between 24LC01, serial E2PROM, and EM78P447A, features of EM78P447 and its connection with I2C serial bus are introduced. In the end, the p... By describing the technique of port connection and flow chart ofR/W operation between 24LC01, serial E2PROM, and EM78P447A, features of EM78P447 and its connection with I2C serial bus are introduced. In the end, the programe of writing operation is given. 展开更多
关键词 EM78P447A microcontroller I2C series bus 24LC01 technique of port connection
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Synergistic effects of neutron and gamma ray irradiation of a commercial CHMOS microcontroller 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 金晓明 范如玉 +6 位作者 陈伟 林东生 杨善潮 白小燕 刘岩 郭晓强 王桂珍 《Chinese Physics B》 SCIE EI CAS 2010年第6期429-436,共8页
This paper presents the experimental results of a combined irradiation environment of neutron and gamma rays on 80C196KC20, which is a 16-bit high performance member of the MCS96 microcontroller family. The electrical... This paper presents the experimental results of a combined irradiation environment of neutron and gamma rays on 80C196KC20, which is a 16-bit high performance member of the MCS96 microcontroller family. The electrical and functional tests were made in three irradiation environments： neutron, gamma rays, combined irradiation of neutron and gamma rays. The experimental results show that the neutron irradiation can affect the total ionizing dose behaviour. Compared with the single radiation environment, the microcontroller exhibits considerably more severe degradation in neutron and gamma ray synergistic irradiation. This phenomenon may cause a significant hardness assurance problem. 展开更多
关键词 total ionizing dose neutron irradiation synergistic effect microcontroller
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Digital Lock-in Amplifier Based on Microcontroller 认领 引用
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作者 陶安利 徐国栋 +1 位作者 骆科学 张钢领 《Journal of Measurement Science and Instrumentation》 CAS 2010年第3期285-288,共4页
A method of implementing high cost-effective and highly integrated digital lock-in amplifier with microcontroller is discussed. And the digital lock-in amplifier is more suitable for meastwing lowfrequency weak signal... A method of implementing high cost-effective and highly integrated digital lock-in amplifier with microcontroller is discussed. And the digital lock-in amplifier is more suitable for meastwing lowfrequency weak signal. Digital signal sequence is obtained through sampling signal measured over an integer number of signal periods, but digital reference sequence is acquired through mathematical operation, then digital phase sensitive detection can be implemented by calculating the cross-correlation function of digital signal sequence and digital reference sequence. In addition, the frequency response and phase character of the digital lock-in amplifier is analyzed. Finally, the designed digital lock-in amplifier is achieved. Expermental results show that the digital lock-in amplifier can be used for measuring weak signal with low ignal-to-noise ratio. 展开更多
关键词 digital lock-in amplifier SNR microcontroller
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基于ArchC进行嵌入式Microcontroller设计研究 认领 引用
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作者 杨荣 赵建勋 朱勇 《咸宁学院学报》 2008年第6期67-69,共3页
介绍了一种实用的以SystemC为基础的体系结构描述语言(ADL)—ArchC,首先简单对ArchC软件工具包进行了说明,接着重点介绍了以ArchC为工具进行Microcontroller设计的原理和简单流程,并说明了其关键技术,最后作了一个简单的总结.
关键词 SystemC ArehC ADL Microcontroller
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Design of digital pressure gauge based on ATmega16 microcontroller 认领 引用
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作者 张娟娟 卢晓 王海霞 《Journal of Measurement Science and Instrumentation》 CAS 2012年第2期112-115,共4页
The combination of sensor and computer technology makes the measurement of various physical quantities easy, convenient and smart. In this article, a digital pressure gauge that is suitable for measuring liquid pressu... The combination of sensor and computer technology makes the measurement of various physical quantities easy, convenient and smart. In this article, a digital pressure gauge that is suitable for measuring liquid pressure is designed. The design of high precision digital pressure gauge uses pressure sensor as its foundation and uses ATmegal6 as its controller. 展开更多
关键词 microcontroller accuracy pressure gauge
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Two Axes Solar Tracker Based on Solar Maps, Controlled by a Low-Power Microcontroller 认领 引用 被引量：3
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作者 F. Duarte P.D. Gaspar L.C. Goncalves 《Journal of Energy and Power Engineering》 CAS 2011年第7期671-676,共6页
There are actually several solutions for two axis solar tracking systems using electromechanical devices, in which a controller detects the Sun apparent position, and controls the position of the structure supporting ... There are actually several solutions for two axis solar tracking systems using electromechanical devices, in which a controller detects the Sun apparent position, and controls the position of the structure supporting the panels toward the sun by enabling the engines movement. This work studies the solution of two axis solar tracking system based on solar maps, which can predict the exact apparent position of the Sun, by the latitude＇s location, thereby avoiding the need to use sensors or guidance systems. To accomplish this, it is used a low-power microcontroller, suitably programmed, to control two electric motors to ensure that the panels supporting structure is always oriented towards the sun. 展开更多
关键词 Two axis solar tracker photovoltaic energy electromechanical system solar maps low-power microcontroller.
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Reducing Power and Energy Consumption of Nonvolatile Microcontrollers with Transparent On-Chip Instruction Cache 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 Dahoo Kim Itaru Hida +2 位作者 Eric Shun Fukuda Tetsuya Asai Masato Motomura 《Circuits and Systems》 2014年第11期253-264,共12页
Demands for low-energy microcontrollers have been increasing in recent years. Since most microcontrollers achieve user programmability by integrating nonvolatile (NV) memories such as flash memories for storing their ... Demands for low-energy microcontrollers have been increasing in recent years. Since most microcontrollers achieve user programmability by integrating nonvolatile (NV) memories such as flash memories for storing their programs, the large power consumption required in accessing an NV memory has become a major problem. This problem becomes critical when the power supply voltage of NV microcontrollers is decreased. We can solve this problem by introducing an instruction cache, thus reducing the access frequency of the NV memory. Unlike general-purpose microprocessors, microcontrollers used for real-time applications in embedded systems must accurately calculate program execution time prior to its execution. Therefore, we introduce a “transparent” instruction cache, which does not change the existing NV microcontroller’s cycle-level execution time, for reducing power and energy consumption, but not for improving the processing speed. We have conducted detailed microar chitecture design based on the architecture of a major industrial microcontroller, and we evaluated power and energy consumption for several benchmark programs. Our evaluation shows that the proposed instruction cache can successfully reduce energy consumption in a fairly wide range of practical NV microcontroller configurations. 展开更多
关键词 Embedded System Microcontroller Instruction Cache Nonvolatile Low-Power Design
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Design and Implementation of Electronic Control Trainer with PIC Microcontroller 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 Yousif I. Al Mashhadany 《Intelligent Control and Automation》 2012年第3期222-228,共7页
This paper describes the implementation of a PIC microcontroller in a conventional laboratory-type electronic trainer. The work comprises software for the PIC and hardware for the software. The PIC controller uses an ... This paper describes the implementation of a PIC microcontroller in a conventional laboratory-type electronic trainer. The work comprises software for the PIC and hardware for the software. The PIC controller uses an EasyPIC6 board and includes a PC-interfaced programmer for the PIC chip. It has many external modules: 128 × 64 graphic LCD display, 2 × 16 LCD display, 4 × 4 keypad, and port expander, all in the same bench. The trainer is capable of 36 experiments in logic/analogue electronic and control systems. A 5-sided approximate sensor, two photoelectric sensors (BR56-DDT-P and BEN9M-TFR), four CMOS, four BCD-7-segment driven by CD4511B, two relays (2-pole and 3-pole), six voltages, ammeter measurement, DC motor, and 24VDC power supply, connect through connectors and pinions. Results of all the experiments show the trainer satisfying requirements of undergraduate and postgraduate projects involving conventional electronic and classical control systems. 展开更多
关键词 PIC Microcontroller Photoelectric Sensor Conventional Electronic Trainer
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Microcontroller-Based Sinusoidal Voltage Generation for Electrical Bio-Impedance Spectroscopy Applications 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 Juan A. Castro A. Olmo +1 位作者 Pablo Pérez A. Yúfera 《Journal of Computer and Communications》 2016年第17期51-58,共8页
A sinusoidal voltage wave generator is proposed based on the use of micro-processor digital signals with programmable duty-cycles, with application to real-time Electrical Cell-substrate Impedance Spectroscopy (ECIS) ... A sinusoidal voltage wave generator is proposed based on the use of micro-processor digital signals with programmable duty-cycles, with application to real-time Electrical Cell-substrate Impedance Spectroscopy (ECIS) assays in cell cultures. The working principle relies on the time convolution of the programmed microcontroller (μC) digital signals. The expected frequency is easily tuned on the bio-impedance spectroscopy range [100 Hz, 1 MHz] thanks to the μC clock frequency selection. This system has been simulated and tested on the 8 bits μC ArduinoTM Uno with ATmega328 version. Results obtained prove that only three digital signals are required to fit the general specification in ECIS experiments, below 1% THD accuracy, and show the appropriateness of the system for the real-time monitoring of this type of biological experiments. 展开更多
关键词 Sinusoidal Voltage Generator Electrical Cell-Substrate Impedance Spectroscopy (ECIS) Bioimpedance Microcontroller (µC) Total Harmonic Distortion (THD)
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Primary Function of Microcontroller EM78P458 and Research on Applications of Its ADC on Chip 认领 引用
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作者 Huang Ji-wu Liu Yun-fei +1 位作者 Xia Tian Chen Ding-wen 《Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences》 EI CAS 2000年第2期199-203,共5页
The build-in structure of microcontroller EM78P458 and its application in supervising the water level of solar water heater are introduced. The circuit and the flow chart of AD conversion program are depicted. In the ... The build-in structure of microcontroller EM78P458 and its application in supervising the water level of solar water heater are introduced. The circuit and the flow chart of AD conversion program are depicted. In the end, the design of assembly language program about the AD conversion is introduced. 展开更多
关键词 EM78P458 Microcontroller ADC solar water heater control of water level
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Intravenous-Accelerated Saline Particles to Unblock Partially Clogged Blood Vessels Using a Microcontroller 认领 引用
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作者 Stephon Stewart Dineshen Chuckravanen 《Journal of Biosciences and Medicines》 2022年第11期35-44,共10页
This research assesses the speed of saline fluid in vein vessels using venipuncture medical kit as well as DC submersive pumps that are being controlled by a microcontroller. The microcontroller is monitored and gover... This research assesses the speed of saline fluid in vein vessels using venipuncture medical kit as well as DC submersive pumps that are being controlled by a microcontroller. The microcontroller is monitored and governed using a software IDE interface installed on a powerful laptop. Saline solution is being pumped through a medical syringe at variable speeds up to a maximum of 18.39 cm/second to the vein. The novel technique in this research is the usage of two pumps called Pump 1 and Pump 2. Pump 1 is used to physically model the flow of “blood” in human vein and the second pump (Pump 2) is used to generate the accelerated saline particles that are used to break the yellow grease that is placed on the inside of the vein’s wall. A tiny brush is briefly dipped into yellow grease, and then it is used to place one layer (one turn) of yellow grease on the inside of the vein’s wall, and then this procedure is repeated to place consecutive layers of yellow grease onto the inside of the wall of the vein vessel using a tiny brush. It was found that accelerated saline particles can in fact destroy fats that are built up inside the veins’ walls. 展开更多
关键词 Blood Clot Fat Deposits Fat Removals Veins Microcontroller Saline Particles
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Microcontroller-Based Variable Speed Drive for Three-Phase Induction Motor in Cooling Applications 认领 引用
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作者 Kondapalli Siva Rama Rao Lee Teng Hong 《Journal of Energy and Power Engineering》 CAS 2012年第4期656-662,共7页
This paper presents an electronic VSD （variable speed drive） for three-phase IM （induction motor） using a microcontroller. The VSD is designed for cooling applications where the 1M is coupled to a cooling fan. The... This paper presents an electronic VSD （variable speed drive） for three-phase IM （induction motor） using a microcontroller. The VSD is designed for cooling applications where the 1M is coupled to a cooling fan. The drive receives temperature feedback from objects to be cooled and output a corresponding frequency to the IM. A prototype of the VSD is constructed to control a 175 W, four pole, squirrel cage three-phase IM. The heart of the control circuit is a low-cost microchip＇s PICI6F777 microcontroller which is programmed using C language to generate variable frequency SPWM （sinusoidal pulse width modulation） switching signals. These switching signals are fed to an 1GBT inverter. The VSD constructed can be switched between two modes of speed control＂ automatic temperature-controlled mode and manual user-controlled mode. Cost savings using the prototype are demonstrated. 展开更多
关键词 IGBT inverter PIC microcontroller SPWM three-phase induction motor variable speed drive.
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Development of a Microcontroller Based DC Motor Speed Control System 认领 引用
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作者 O. O. Adejumo W. A. Azeez 《World Journal of Engineering and Technology》 2019年第4期634-639,共6页
This work reports the development of a microcontroller based control system to change the speed?of?a DC motor. Pulse Width Modulation?(PWM)?technique was used to control the amount of power delivered to the load (the ... This work reports the development of a microcontroller based control system to change the speed?of?a DC motor. Pulse Width Modulation?(PWM)?technique was used to control the amount of power delivered to the load (the DC motor) without dissipating any wasted power. The components and assembly of this microcontroller circuit are highlighted in this paper, and the constructed circuit tested. This device was used to control the speed of a rotating fan attached to a DC motor. The DC motor speed variations were read from a Tachometer connected to this motor and the results obtained show good agreement with our expectations. DC Motor speed microcontroller devices find applications in many areas of life, and its applications in small scale industrial settings will no doubt enhance the quest for development in a developing nation like ours. 展开更多
关键词 Microcontroller DC Motor Pulse Width Modulation Circuit Rotor
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Design of a Microcontroller-Based Data Acquisition System for Ground Weather Observations: Evaluation of Radio Refractivity of Air 认领 引用
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作者 Amar Adane Ania Ali Yahia +1 位作者 Essaid Mameri Abd-El-Hamid Adane 《International Journal of Communications, Network and System Sciences》 2014年第9期355-364,共10页
A meteorological data acquisition system is built using a PIC16F877A microcontroller and electric output-based sensors. This system is programmed in C language using the PCWH compiler. It is smart, accurate, cheap, sm... A meteorological data acquisition system is built using a PIC16F877A microcontroller and electric output-based sensors. This system is programmed in C language using the PCWH compiler. It is smart, accurate, cheap, small, light and easily movable. It is designed to automatically get instantaneous measurements of air temperature, atmospheric pressure, and relative humidity. Depending on their utilisation, these measurements are collected with repetition rate tuneable from one minute to one hour. They are displayed on LCD screen and transferred to a personal computer where they are stored and processed. As an application, such data are recorded in situ and used to estimate the radio refractivity of air near the ground in real time. This parameter is necessary to account for the propagation of radiofrequency waves through the lower atmosphere, during wireless transmissions. 展开更多
关键词 Microcontroller Sensors C Programming Meteorology Radio Refractivity
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Cost-Effective Monitoring of the Fuel Air Equivalence-Ratio with a Lambda Sensor and a Microcontroller in a Downdraft Biomass Gasifier 认领 引用
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作者 Jean Fidele Nzihou Salou Hamidou +2 位作者 Ousmane Zoundi Frederic Ouattara Bila Gerard Segda 《Open Journal of Applied Sciences》 2024年第2期545-560,共16页
The operation of biomass treatment devices such as gasifiers is based on the control of key parameters that play an important role in product formation. These include: temperature, excess oxygen, relative humidity and... The operation of biomass treatment devices such as gasifiers is based on the control of key parameters that play an important role in product formation. These include: temperature, excess oxygen, relative humidity and biomass composition. This work focuses on excess oxygen and temperature. Unfortunately, flue gas oxygen analyzers are expensive and not accessible to small industries. However, the equivalence ratio is linked to excess oxygen and has the advantage of not depending on biomass composition. This study therefore focuses on the design and development of a device for controlling this equivalence ratio by measuring oxygen concentration using a self-propelled Lambda probe, and a system for monitoring this equivalence ratio using an Arduino Uno 3 microcontroller. The temperature is recorded with an accuracy of ±1.5°C. For a heating time of 10 minutes, the response time to temperature change is around 3 seconds, which is sufficient for the device to function properly. This simple device is an efficient and cost-effective means of checking the equivalence ratio. 展开更多
关键词 Equivalence Ratio Biomass Gasification Lambda Sensor Microcontroller C++
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Design and Construction of a Microcontroller Based Electronic Moving Message Display 认领 引用
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作者 Titus Taofk Ogunseye Godwin Babatunde Egbeyale +1 位作者 Adekunle K. Bello Adegbenro S. Ajani 《Open Journal of Applied Sciences》 2022年第4期434-454,共21页
LED-based moving-message displays are becoming appreciated among the general public for transmitting information to groups of people quickly. This work presents a simple design and implementation of a microcontroller-... LED-based moving-message displays are becoming appreciated among the general public for transmitting information to groups of people quickly. This work presents a simple design and implementation of a microcontroller-based electronic moving message display system. The design involves the arrangement of Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) and the programming of a microcontroller that controls and determines the pattern and session of the display. The implementation of a moving message displays a text containing 22 characters (i.e. WELCOME TO DEPT. OF PHYSICS). The electronic message display helps to pass information, educates, enlightens, facilitates commercial activities through the advertisement and marketing of goods and services, description of places, etc. The ease in which it displays information makes it a veritable, suitable, and excellent tool for passing information fast and pleasurable to the public. Furthermore, it enhances the response to information in an attractive way and manner in which it displays messages. The microcontroller used in this work is the PIC16F84A. It belongs to a class of 8-bit microcontrollers of RISC (reduced instructions set) architecture. Its output controls the switching of the relays through a transistor switching stage that switches its socket. The LED matrix (array) is arranged in parallel and soldered to a Vero board with the microcontroller and other electronic components, such as resistors, capacitors, transistors, relays, LEDs, diodes, and transformers. In view, this work served as a means of digging into the technology involved in the use of a microcontroller and some other basic electronic components and enhanced visualization of message display. 展开更多
关键词 Microcontroller LEDs Transistor Relays Transformer Diodes
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