The growing global energy demand and worsening climate change highlight the urgent need for clean,efficient and sustainable energy solutions.Among emerging technologies,atomically thin two-dimensional(2D)materials off...The growing global energy demand and worsening climate change highlight the urgent need for clean,efficient and sustainable energy solutions.Among emerging technologies,atomically thin two-dimensional(2D)materials offer unique advantages in photovoltaics due to their tunable optoelectronic properties,high surface area and efficient charge transport capabilities.This review explores recent progress in photovoltaics incorporating 2D materials,focusing on their application as hole and electron transport layers to optimize bandgap alignment,enhance carrier mobility and improve chemical stability.A comprehensive analysis is presented on perovskite solar cells utilizing 2D materials,with a particular focus on strategies to enhance crystallization,passivate defects and improve overall cell efficiency.Additionally,the application of 2D materials in organic solar cells is examined,particularly for reducing recombination losses and enhancing charge extraction through work function modification.Their impact on dye-sensitized solar cells,including catalytic activity and counter electrode performance,is also explored.Finally,the review outlines key challenges,material limitations and performance metrics,offering insight into the future development of nextgeneration photovoltaic devices encouraged by 2D materials.展开更多
Two-dimensional(2D)materials have attracted extensive attention from aerospace,integrated circuits,precision sensors,and flexible electronics due to their unique layered structure and excellent physicochemical propert...Two-dimensional(2D)materials have attracted extensive attention from aerospace,integrated circuits,precision sensors,and flexible electronics due to their unique layered structure and excellent physicochemical properties.In practice applications,the components of functional nanodevices are subjected to mechanical stress,which can affect the robust performance and structural reliability of these devices.Therefore,it is imperative to explore the mechanical properties and underlying mechanisms of 2D materials.However,researchers have an inadequate understanding of the accuracy of various in situ microscopy techniques and neglect the significance of high-quality,clean transfer techniques,resulting in deviated measurement results.There is now an urgent need to develop guidelines that allow researchers to select appropriate material transfer techniques and mechanical testing strategies based on the specific properties of 2D materials.Furthermore,the mechanical mechanism of 2D materials lacks systematic and comprehensive studies,which hinders researchers from deeply understanding the relationship between the material structure and the device performance.This work reviews the latest progress in the mechanics of 2D materials,focusing on the challenges of various transfer techniques and in situ microscopy techniques in mechanical testing,and provides effective guidance for the formulation of experimental schemes for mechanical testing.In addition,we offer detailed mechanistic insights into the fracture behavior,geometric dimension effects,edge defects,and interlayer bonding effects of 2D materials.This work is expected to advance the field development of 2D material mechanics.展开更多
The construction industry is a significant contributor to global CO2 emissions,and urgent innovation is needed to mitigate its environmental impact.This paper provides a comprehensive review of scalable approaches ...The construction industry is a significant contributor to global CO2 emissions,and urgent innovation is needed to mitigate its environmental impact.This paper provides a comprehensive review of scalable approaches for CO2 uptake in construction materials,including the injection of CO2 into fresh concrete,the CO2 curing of precast concrete,and the use of ceramics as CO2 sinks.Among these three approaches,CO2 curing methods for concrete represent the most advanced and widely adopted strategies within industrial practice,with substantial research supporting their effectiveness and scalability.The comparison of carbonation mineralisation across three distinct material groups reveals that the direct injection of CO2 into fresh concrete mixes results in CO2 uptake of less than 3 kg/m3.For the precast concrete elements,the CO2 uptake ranges from 30 to 350 kg/m3,while ceramics can achieve uptake efficiencies up to 23 wt.%under pilot-scale conditions.Achieving efficient CO2 uptake in fresh and precast concrete without compromising mechanical properties relies on precise control over the CO2 dose,a tailored mix design,and optimised curing conditions,while avoiding excessive carbonation that could reduce alkalinity or durability.Valorisation of carbonated materials as supplementary cementitious components or aggregates is identified as an important circular solution,though further research is needed to address regeneration,performance,and standardisation.The review highlights ongoing gaps in life-cycle assessment and industrial-scale validation,and recommends future work on durability and techno-economic optimisation for robust decarbonisation in the cement and concrete industries.展开更多
Water electrolysis is a key method for sustainable hydrogen production, using water as an abundant resource. However, efficient and stable operation at high current densities remains challenging due to energy losses, ...Water electrolysis is a key method for sustainable hydrogen production, using water as an abundant resource. However, efficient and stable operation at high current densities remains challenging due to energy losses, catalyst degradation, and limited ion-electron transport. Two-dimensional(2D) materials, with tunable electronic properties, high surface areas, and unique charge transport characteristics, offer strong potential to enhance performance. However, their behavior under high-current conditions remains unclear, with limited focus on how intrinsic 2D features, such as strain, defects, and interlayer interactions, affect activity and stability. This review critically examines the role of 2D materials in high-current-density water electrolysis, focusing on their structural, electronic, and catalytic mechanisms. Unlike previous reviews that broadly discuss 2D materials in water electrolysis, we specifically address their challenges and opportunities under industrial conditions. We classify 2D materials into six categories: oxides, hydroxides, sulfides, phosphides, carbides and nitrides, and emerging compounds, and analyze their electrochemical stability and catalytic performance at high-current densities. By synthesizing recent advancements, this review offers a framework for designing high-performance 2D catalysts, advancing the development of efficient materials for large-scale, sustainable hydrogen production.展开更多
The capture of atmospheric carbon dioxide by adsorbents is an important strategy to deal with the greenhouse effect.Compared with traditional CO2 adsorption materials like activated carbon,silica gel,and zeolite mo...The capture of atmospheric carbon dioxide by adsorbents is an important strategy to deal with the greenhouse effect.Compared with traditional CO2 adsorption materials like activated carbon,silica gel,and zeolite molecular sieves,covalent organic frameworks(COFs)have excellent thermal and chemical stabilities and can be produced in many different forms.Using their different possible construction units,ordered structures for specific applications can be produced,giving them broad prospects in fields such as gas storage.This review analyzes the different types of COFs that have been synthesized and their different methods of CO2 capture.It then discusses different ways to increase CO2 adsorption by changing the internal structure of COFs and modifying their surfaces.The limitations of COF-derived carbon materials in CO2 capture are reviewed and,finally,the key role of machine learning and computational simulation in improving CO2 adsorption is mentioned,and the current status and future possible uses of COFs are summarized.展开更多
In response to the global energy crisis and environmental challenges,photocatalytic hydrogen(H2)production has emerged as a sustainable alternative toward clean energy conversion.Among diverse photocatalysts invest...In response to the global energy crisis and environmental challenges,photocatalytic hydrogen(H2)production has emerged as a sustainable alternative toward clean energy conversion.Among diverse photocatalysts investigated,TiO2-based nanomaterials have attracted significant attention due to their unique physicochemical properties,such as high chemical stability,strong redox capacity and tunable electronic structures,along with high cost-effectiveness.Extensive research on TiO2-based photocatalysts proves their enormous potential in the field of H2 production.This timely and critical review explores the recent advances in TiO2-based photocatalysts,discussing their distinctive advantages and synthesis methods in photocatalytic H2 production.Modification strategies,such as elemental doping(e.g.,precious metals,non-precious metals and non-metals),morphology engineering and composite formation,are summarised to improve photocatalytic efficiency.Advanced in/ex situ characterization techniques employed to probe photocatalytic mechanisms are also highlighted.Finally,major challenges,such as limited visible-light activity and charge recombination,are outlined,with perspectives on emerging TiO2-based nanomaterials and design strategies to overcome current bottlenecks.And the research focus in the future is prospected,such as atomic interface engineering,machine learning auxiliary material design and large-scale preparation technology.This work aims to provide insights into the rational design of TiO2-based photocatalysts for next-generation H2 production systems.展开更多
CO2 capture and utilization(CCU)technologies have been recognized as crucial strategies for mitigating global warming,reducing carbon emission,and promoting resource circularity.As such,the design and development o...CO2 capture and utilization(CCU)technologies have been recognized as crucial strategies for mitigating global warming,reducing carbon emission,and promoting resource circularity.As such,the design and development of related materials have attracted considerable research attention.Carbon-based materials,characterized by tunable pore structures,abundant active sites,high specific surface area,and excellent chemical stability,demonstrate significant potential for applications in CO2 capture and utilization.This review systematically analyzes the adsorption behaviors and performance variations of typical carbon materials,including activated carbon,porous carbon,graphene,and carbon nanotubes during CO2 capture processes.Concerning CO2 utilization,emphasis is placed on recent advances in the catalytic applications of carbon-based materials in key reactions such as methanation,reverse water-gas shift,dry reforming of methane,and alcohol synthesis.Moreover,the benefits and drawbacks of carbon materials in terms of CO2 adsorption capacity,catalytic activity,and stability are thoroughly evaluated,and their potential applications in integrated CO2 capture and utilization technologies are discussed.Finally,key strategies for enhancing the performance of carbonaceous materials through structural modulation and surface modification are elucidated.This review aims to provide theoretical guidance for the future development and large-scale implementation of carbon-based materials in CCU technologies.展开更多
Carbon materials,characterized by diverse allotropes,have played critical roles in the advancement of human civilization and industrial manufacturing.As a prominent allotrope,two-dimensional(2D)graphene materials have...Carbon materials,characterized by diverse allotropes,have played critical roles in the advancement of human civilization and industrial manufacturing.As a prominent allotrope,two-dimensional(2D)graphene materials have attracted increasing attention since their discovery owing to their exceptional properties;however,they suffer from the fundamental challenges of restacking and agglomeration,which diminish their performance in practical applications.The design of three-dimensional(3D)frameworks composed of 2D graphene sheets is considered an effective strategy to resolve these issues and enable the efficient utilization of the properties of graphene.Compared with conventional fabrication methods,such as graphene oxide assembly and template-assisted chemical vapor deposition,the chemical blowing strategy is distinguished by its low cost,facile process,and superior controllability.Despite these advantages,few review articles have focused specifically on the fabrication of 3D graphene materials via chemical blowing.This review outlines the chemical blowing strategy and clarifies the fundamentals of the blowing process,its historical evolution,and the classification of 3D graphene materials.Subsequently,the recent progress in 3D graphene foams and powders fabricated via chemical blowing is detailed,with an emphasis on the underlying synthesis chemistry.Following an analysis of the correlation between 3D graphene foam and powder materials,their design considerations and functional applications are discussed.This discussion provides recommendations for the synthesis of specific 3D graphene materials and elucidates their differences and commonalities across various application scenarios.Finally,after a brief summary,current challenges,opportunities,and future research directions for the development of chemical blowing are proposed.展开更多
Smart materials, especially piezoelectric materials, have gained popularity over the last two decades. Two-dimensional(2D) piezoelectric materials exhibit attributes including great flexibility, ease of workability, e...Smart materials, especially piezoelectric materials, have gained popularity over the last two decades. Two-dimensional(2D) piezoelectric materials exhibit attributes including great flexibility, ease of workability, extensive surface area,and many active sites, indicating significant potential for future practical applications. However, 2D materials have bottlenecks such as poor stability against high-impact forces and unsatisfactory manufacturing techniques. This review examines cutting-edge research advancements on 2D piezoelectric materials and their applications in new-generation devices.展开更多
With the rapid development of the internet of things(IoT)and wearable electronics,the role of flexible sensors is becoming increasingly irreplaceable,due to their ability to process and convert information acquisition...With the rapid development of the internet of things(IoT)and wearable electronics,the role of flexible sensors is becoming increasingly irreplaceable,due to their ability to process and convert information acquisition.Two-dimensional(2D)materials have been widely welcomed by researchers as sensitive layers,which broadens the range and application of flexible sensors due to the advantages of their large specific surface area,tunable energy bands,controllable thickness at the atomic level,stable mechanical properties,and excellent optoelectronic properties.This review focuses on five different types of 2D materials for monitoring pressure,humidity,sound,gas,and so on,to realize the recognition and conversion of human body and environmental signals.Meanwhile,the main problems and possible solutions of flexible sensors based on 2D materials as sensitive layers are summarized.展开更多
Herein,the effect of the Ru:Ni bimetallic composition in dual-function materials(DFMs)for the integrated CO2capture and methanation process(ICCU-Methanation)is systematically evaluated and combined with a thorough ...Herein,the effect of the Ru:Ni bimetallic composition in dual-function materials(DFMs)for the integrated CO2capture and methanation process(ICCU-Methanation)is systematically evaluated and combined with a thorough material characterization,as well as a mechanistic(in-situ diffuse reflectance infrared fourier-transform spectroscopy(in-situ DRIFTS))and computational(computational fluid dynamics(CFD)modelling)investigation,in order to improve the performance of Ni-based DFMs.The bimetallic DFMs are comprised of a main Ni active metallic phase(20 wt%)and are modified with low Ru loadings in the 0.1-1 wt%range(to keep the material cost low),supported on Na2O/Al2O3.It is shown that the addition of even a very low Ru loading(0.1-0.2 wt%)can drastically improve the material reducibility,exposing a significantly higher amount of surface-active metallic sites,with Ru being highly dispersed over the support and the Ni phase,while also forming some small Ru particles.This manifests in a significant enhancement in the CH4yield and the CH4production kinetics during ICCU-Methanation(which mainly proceeds via formate intermediates),with 0.2 wt%Ru addition leading to the best results.This bimetallic DFM also shows high stability and a relatively good performance under an oxidizing CO2capture atmosphere.The formation rate of CH4during hydrogenation is then further validated via CFD modelling and the developed model is subsequently applied in the prediction of the effect of other parameters,including the inlet H2concentration,inlet flow rate,dual-fu nction material weight,and reactor internal diameter.展开更多
Hydrogen peroxide(H2O2)is highly required in various applications.The development of catalysts exhibiting elevated catalytic activity,selectivity,and stability is essential for H2O2production technology.Me...Hydrogen peroxide(H2O2)is highly required in various applications.The development of catalysts exhibiting elevated catalytic activity,selectivity,and stability is essential for H2O2production technology.Metalbased catalysts are widely used for 2e-ORR(oxygen reduction reaction)because of their adjustable structure,chemical stability,and availability.However,due to competition with the 4e-ORR,modifications are often conducted to balance activity and selectivity.Common techniques include altering the surface electronic structure of catalysts and the interaction between active sites and intermediates.This review discusses diverse catalyst types(including precious and transition metals,single-atom catalysts,and MOFs/COFs)along with modification strategies(such as morphological control,electronic structure tuning,conductivity enhancement,and wettability improvement).The objective is to elucidate catalyst design and associated reaction mechanisms,as well as the relationship between catalyst structure and activity,in order to provide an insight for producing H2O2in an efficient,highly selective,and stable manner.展开更多
Na3V2(PO4)3(NVP)has garnered great attentions as a prospective cathode material for sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)by virtue of its decent theoretical capacity,superior ion conductivity and high structural stab...Na3V2(PO4)3(NVP)has garnered great attentions as a prospective cathode material for sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)by virtue of its decent theoretical capacity,superior ion conductivity and high structural stability.However,the inherently poor electronic conductivity and sluggish sodium-ion diffusion kinetics of NVP material give rise to inferior rate performance and unsatisfactory energy density,which strictly confine its further application in SIBs.Thus,it is of significance to boost the sodium storage performance of NVP cathode material.Up to now,many methods have been developed to optimize the electrochemical performance of NVP cathode material.In this review,the latest advances in optimization strategies for improving the electrochemical performance of NVP cathode material are well summarized and discussed,including carbon coating or modification,foreign-ion doping or substitution and nanostructure and morphology design.The foreign-ion doping or substitution is highlighted,involving Na,V,and PO43−sites,which include single-site doping,multiple-site doping,single-ion doping,multiple-ion doping and so on.Furthermore,the challenges and prospects of high-performance NVP cathode material are also put forward.It is believed that this review can provide a useful reference for designing and developing high-performance NVP cathode material toward the large-scale application in SIBs.展开更多
2D MXenes,particularly Ti3C2Tx,have emerged as promising multifu nctional materials for advancing solidstate batteries(SSBs).While SSBs offer superior safety and energy density over liquid-electrolyte systems...2D MXenes,particularly Ti3C2Tx,have emerged as promising multifu nctional materials for advancing solidstate batteries(SSBs).While SSBs offer superior safety and energy density over liquid-electrolyte systems,critical challenges such as interfacial resistance,limited ion transport,dendrite growth,and mechanical degradation hinder their widespread adoption.This review aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the roles and fu nctions of Ti3C2Tx MXenes in SSBs,emphasizing their application as interlayers,anode/cathode additives,and current collectors,and highlighting their impact on interracial stability,ionic/electro nic transport,electrochemical performance,and cycling durability in SSB architectures.Unlike other 2D materials,Ti3C2Tx exhibits outsta nding metallic conductivity,tu nable surface terminations,hydrophilicity,and excellent mechanical flexibility,making it ideal for multifu nctional integration in SSBs,As a component in solid-state electrolytes(SSEs),Ti3C2Tx improves ionic conductivity and mecha nical strength.When used in electrodes,it serves as a conductive scaffold that enhances charge transport and structural durability.Additionally,its role as an interfacial interlayer effectively reduces interfacial impedance,accommodates volume changes,and suppresses dendrite formation.Its lightweight and high conductivity enable its use as a current collector.This review highlights recent advances in Ti3C2Tx-based components for SSBs like Li-,Na-,Zn,Li-S,etc.,emphasizing enha ncements in ion/electron transport,interfacial stability,and structural robustness.Finally,the review outlines challenges and opportunities along with a future outlook focused on improving the MXene oxidation,tailoring surface terminations,improving long-term stability,and exploring scalable fabrication strategies for MXene-based SSB components.展开更多
Two-dimensional(2D)materials are promising for next-generation electronic devices and systems due to their unique physical properties.The interfacial adhesion plays a vital role not only in the synthesis,transfer and ...Two-dimensional(2D)materials are promising for next-generation electronic devices and systems due to their unique physical properties.The interfacial adhesion plays a vital role not only in the synthesis,transfer and manipulation of 2D materials but also in the manufacture,integration and performance of the functional devices.However,the atomic thickness and limited lateral dimensions of 2D materials make the accurate measurement and modulation of their interfacial adhesion energy challenging.In this review,the recent advances in the measurement and modulation of the interfacial adhesion properties of 2D materials are systematically combed.Experimental methods and relative theoretical models for the adhesion measurement of 2D materials are summarized,with their scope of application and limitations discussed.The measured adhesion energies between 2D materials and various substrates are described in categories,where the typical adhesion modulation strategies of 2D materials are also introduced.Finally,the remaining challenges and opportunities for the interfacial adhesion measurement and modulation of 2D materials are presented.This paper provides guidance for addressing the adhesion issues in devices and systems involving 2D materials.展开更多
Rapid industrialization advancements have grabbed worldwide attention to integrate a very large number of electronic components into a smaller space for performing multifunctional operations.To fulfill the growing com...Rapid industrialization advancements have grabbed worldwide attention to integrate a very large number of electronic components into a smaller space for performing multifunctional operations.To fulfill the growing computing demand state-of-the-art materials are required for substituting traditional silicon and metal oxide semiconductors frameworks.Two-dimensional(2D)materials have shown their tremendous potential surpassing the limitations of conventional materials for developing smart devices.Despite their ground-breaking progress over the last two decades,systematic studies providing in-depth insights into the exciting physics of 2D materials are still lacking.Therefore,in this review,we discuss the importance of 2D materials in bridging the gap between conventional and advanced technologies due to their distinct statistical and quantum physics.Moreover,the inherent properties of these materials could easily be tailored to meet the specific requirements of smart devices.Hence,we discuss the physics of various 2D materials enabling them to fabricate smart devices.We also shed light on promising opportunities in developing smart devices and identified the formidable challenges that need to be addressed.展开更多
Carbon-based materials have been widely applied for pollutant removal relying on their rich pore structure,functional groups,chemical stability,and expandability.However,the traditional manufacturing process of carbon...Carbon-based materials have been widely applied for pollutant removal relying on their rich pore structure,functional groups,chemical stability,and expandability.However,the traditional manufacturing process of carbon materials based on organic compounds pyrolysis is high energy-consuming and high-emission,which is not conducive to addressing the climate crisis and achieving the goal of carbon neutrality.Molten salt electrolysis technology enables the direct capture and reduction of CO2to produce solid carbon,resulting in significant environmental benefits while achieving carbon emissions reduction.The molten salt also has a purification function,enabling the production of high-purity carbon materials.The kinetics of the electrochemical reduction process can be easily controlled,and the co-reduction of multiple elements provides convenience for the in-situ optimization of carbon material structure and the expansion of its applications.Therefore,this review focuses on the thermodynamics&kinetics processes of molten salt capture and electrochemical reduction of CO2to prepare carbon materials.It further reviews the recent research progress on the preparation of carbon materials for pollutant removal based on molten salt electrochemical processes for the first time.Finally,we analyze the advantages and challenges of the current molten salt electrochemical processes and offers prospects for future research directions.展开更多
A new adsorbent was successfully prepared by hydrothermal treatment and chemical activation through coal gasification fine slag(CGFS)and blue algae(BA)as raw materials and used for CO2capture.The CO2chemisorptio...A new adsorbent was successfully prepared by hydrothermal treatment and chemical activation through coal gasification fine slag(CGFS)and blue algae(BA)as raw materials and used for CO2capture.The CO2chemisorption capacity of the adsorbent was further enhanced by taking advantage of the nitrogenous bases contained in the BA.In the hydrothermal process,the addition of BA significantly increased the content of pyrrole nitrogen in the adsorbent.In the activation process,pyrrole nitrogen gradually changed into pyridine nitrogen and graphite nitrogen.Increased BA addition result in a higher specific surface area and microporosity of the adsorbent.The CO2adsorption performance test proved that the CGFS-50%-CA sample has the strongest CO2adsorption capacity at low temperature,up to 15.59 cm3/g,which is mainly through physical adsorption,and the CGFS-10%-CA sample has the strongest CO2adsorption capacity at high temperature,up to 7.31 cm3/g,which is mainly through chemical adsorption.CO2uptake of the CGFS-10%-CA sample was well maintained after 10 cycles,with regeneration efficiencies above 99%.The results indicate that the novel adsorbents with coexistence of physical and chemical adsorption have great potential for CO2adsorption applications.展开更多
The chloride penetration resistance of cement-based grout materials was improved by nano-silica emulsion.Specimens of mixtures containing different nano-silica particles or emulsions were exposed in sodium chloride so...The chloride penetration resistance of cement-based grout materials was improved by nano-silica emulsion.Specimens of mixtures containing different nano-silica particles or emulsions were exposed in sodium chloride solutions of specific concentrations with different test ages.Hardened properties of the mixes were assessed in terms of weight loss and compressive strength.X-ray diffraction(XRD)and scanning electron microscopy(SEM)of mixes were performed to analysis the phase evolution and microstructure.The results demonstrated that the introduction of nano-SiO2 emulsion significantly decreased the compressive strength loss and calcium hydroxide(CH)crystal content of hydration production,and then enhanced the resistance of cement-based grouting materials to chloride ion penetration.This improvement derives from the filling and pozzolanic effects of nano-SiO2 particles,which were incorporated via an emulsion and attributed to a well dispersion in grouting matrix.展开更多
Large-area two-dimensional(2D)materials,such as graphene,MoS2,WS2,h-BN,black phosphorus,and MXenes,are a class of advanced materials with many possible applications.Different applications need different substrat...Large-area two-dimensional(2D)materials,such as graphene,MoS2,WS2,h-BN,black phosphorus,and MXenes,are a class of advanced materials with many possible applications.Different applications need different substrates,and each substrate may need a different way of transferring the 2D material onto it.Problems such as local stress concentrations,an uneven surface tension,inconsistent adhesion,mechanical damage and contamination during the transfer can adversely affect the quality and properties of the transferred material.Therefore,how to improve the integrity,flatness and cleanness of large area 2D materials is a challenge.In order to achieve high-quality transfer,the main concern is to control the interface adhesion between the substrate,the 2D material and the transfer medium.This review focuses on this topic,and finally,in order to promote the industrial use of large area 2D materials,provides a recipe for this transfer process based on the requirements of the application,and points out the current problems and directions for future development.展开更多
基金supported by the IITP(Institute of Information & Communications Technology Planning & Evaluation)-ITRC(Information Technology Research Center) grant funded by the Korea government(Ministry of Science and ICT) (IITP-2025-RS-2024-00437191, and RS-2025-02303505)partly supported by the Korea Basic Science Institute (National Research Facilities and Equipment Center) grant funded by the Ministry of Education. (No. 2022R1A6C101A774)the Deanship of Research and Graduate Studies at King Khalid University, Saudi Arabia, through Large Research Project under grant number RGP-2/527/46
摘要The growing global energy demand and worsening climate change highlight the urgent need for clean,efficient and sustainable energy solutions.Among emerging technologies,atomically thin two-dimensional(2D)materials offer unique advantages in photovoltaics due to their tunable optoelectronic properties,high surface area and efficient charge transport capabilities.This review explores recent progress in photovoltaics incorporating 2D materials,focusing on their application as hole and electron transport layers to optimize bandgap alignment,enhance carrier mobility and improve chemical stability.A comprehensive analysis is presented on perovskite solar cells utilizing 2D materials,with a particular focus on strategies to enhance crystallization,passivate defects and improve overall cell efficiency.Additionally,the application of 2D materials in organic solar cells is examined,particularly for reducing recombination losses and enhancing charge extraction through work function modification.Their impact on dye-sensitized solar cells,including catalytic activity and counter electrode performance,is also explored.Finally,the review outlines key challenges,material limitations and performance metrics,offering insight into the future development of nextgeneration photovoltaic devices encouraged by 2D materials.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant.Nos.52422505,12274124)the Shanghai Pilot Program for Basic Research(Grant.No.22TQ14001006)+2 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52275149)the Scientific Research Innovation Capability Support Project for Young Faculty(Grant No.ZYGXQNJSKYCXNLZCXM-D5)Innovative Research Group Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant.No.52321002)。
摘要Two-dimensional(2D)materials have attracted extensive attention from aerospace,integrated circuits,precision sensors,and flexible electronics due to their unique layered structure and excellent physicochemical properties.In practice applications,the components of functional nanodevices are subjected to mechanical stress,which can affect the robust performance and structural reliability of these devices.Therefore,it is imperative to explore the mechanical properties and underlying mechanisms of 2D materials.However,researchers have an inadequate understanding of the accuracy of various in situ microscopy techniques and neglect the significance of high-quality,clean transfer techniques,resulting in deviated measurement results.There is now an urgent need to develop guidelines that allow researchers to select appropriate material transfer techniques and mechanical testing strategies based on the specific properties of 2D materials.Furthermore,the mechanical mechanism of 2D materials lacks systematic and comprehensive studies,which hinders researchers from deeply understanding the relationship between the material structure and the device performance.This work reviews the latest progress in the mechanics of 2D materials,focusing on the challenges of various transfer techniques and in situ microscopy techniques in mechanical testing,and provides effective guidance for the formulation of experimental schemes for mechanical testing.In addition,we offer detailed mechanistic insights into the fracture behavior,geometric dimension effects,edge defects,and interlayer bonding effects of 2D materials.This work is expected to advance the field development of 2D material mechanics.
基金funded by the Recovery and Resilience Plan(PRR)to support Collaborative Laboratories(CoLABs),Interface Mission[Notice No.01/C05-i02/2022].
摘要The construction industry is a significant contributor to global CO2 emissions,and urgent innovation is needed to mitigate its environmental impact.This paper provides a comprehensive review of scalable approaches for CO2 uptake in construction materials,including the injection of CO2 into fresh concrete,the CO2 curing of precast concrete,and the use of ceramics as CO2 sinks.Among these three approaches,CO2 curing methods for concrete represent the most advanced and widely adopted strategies within industrial practice,with substantial research supporting their effectiveness and scalability.The comparison of carbonation mineralisation across three distinct material groups reveals that the direct injection of CO2 into fresh concrete mixes results in CO2 uptake of less than 3 kg/m3.For the precast concrete elements,the CO2 uptake ranges from 30 to 350 kg/m3,while ceramics can achieve uptake efficiencies up to 23 wt.%under pilot-scale conditions.Achieving efficient CO2 uptake in fresh and precast concrete without compromising mechanical properties relies on precise control over the CO2 dose,a tailored mix design,and optimised curing conditions,while avoiding excessive carbonation that could reduce alkalinity or durability.Valorisation of carbonated materials as supplementary cementitious components or aggregates is identified as an important circular solution,though further research is needed to address regeneration,performance,and standardisation.The review highlights ongoing gaps in life-cycle assessment and industrial-scale validation,and recommends future work on durability and techno-economic optimisation for robust decarbonisation in the cement and concrete industries.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52203070)the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province(Grant No.2025AFB863)。
摘要Water electrolysis is a key method for sustainable hydrogen production, using water as an abundant resource. However, efficient and stable operation at high current densities remains challenging due to energy losses, catalyst degradation, and limited ion-electron transport. Two-dimensional(2D) materials, with tunable electronic properties, high surface areas, and unique charge transport characteristics, offer strong potential to enhance performance. However, their behavior under high-current conditions remains unclear, with limited focus on how intrinsic 2D features, such as strain, defects, and interlayer interactions, affect activity and stability. This review critically examines the role of 2D materials in high-current-density water electrolysis, focusing on their structural, electronic, and catalytic mechanisms. Unlike previous reviews that broadly discuss 2D materials in water electrolysis, we specifically address their challenges and opportunities under industrial conditions. We classify 2D materials into six categories: oxides, hydroxides, sulfides, phosphides, carbides and nitrides, and emerging compounds, and analyze their electrochemical stability and catalytic performance at high-current densities. By synthesizing recent advancements, this review offers a framework for designing high-performance 2D catalysts, advancing the development of efficient materials for large-scale, sustainable hydrogen production.
摘要The capture of atmospheric carbon dioxide by adsorbents is an important strategy to deal with the greenhouse effect.Compared with traditional CO2 adsorption materials like activated carbon,silica gel,and zeolite molecular sieves,covalent organic frameworks(COFs)have excellent thermal and chemical stabilities and can be produced in many different forms.Using their different possible construction units,ordered structures for specific applications can be produced,giving them broad prospects in fields such as gas storage.This review analyzes the different types of COFs that have been synthesized and their different methods of CO2 capture.It then discusses different ways to increase CO2 adsorption by changing the internal structure of COFs and modifying their surfaces.The limitations of COF-derived carbon materials in CO2 capture are reviewed and,finally,the key role of machine learning and computational simulation in improving CO2 adsorption is mentioned,and the current status and future possible uses of COFs are summarized.
摘要In response to the global energy crisis and environmental challenges,photocatalytic hydrogen(H2)production has emerged as a sustainable alternative toward clean energy conversion.Among diverse photocatalysts investigated,TiO2-based nanomaterials have attracted significant attention due to their unique physicochemical properties,such as high chemical stability,strong redox capacity and tunable electronic structures,along with high cost-effectiveness.Extensive research on TiO2-based photocatalysts proves their enormous potential in the field of H2 production.This timely and critical review explores the recent advances in TiO2-based photocatalysts,discussing their distinctive advantages and synthesis methods in photocatalytic H2 production.Modification strategies,such as elemental doping(e.g.,precious metals,non-precious metals and non-metals),morphology engineering and composite formation,are summarised to improve photocatalytic efficiency.Advanced in/ex situ characterization techniques employed to probe photocatalytic mechanisms are also highlighted.Finally,major challenges,such as limited visible-light activity and charge recombination,are outlined,with perspectives on emerging TiO2-based nanomaterials and design strategies to overcome current bottlenecks.And the research focus in the future is prospected,such as atomic interface engineering,machine learning auxiliary material design and large-scale preparation technology.This work aims to provide insights into the rational design of TiO2-based photocatalysts for next-generation H2 production systems.
基金Supported by National Key R&D Program of China(2025YFE0109700)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52106150)。
摘要CO2 capture and utilization(CCU)technologies have been recognized as crucial strategies for mitigating global warming,reducing carbon emission,and promoting resource circularity.As such,the design and development of related materials have attracted considerable research attention.Carbon-based materials,characterized by tunable pore structures,abundant active sites,high specific surface area,and excellent chemical stability,demonstrate significant potential for applications in CO2 capture and utilization.This review systematically analyzes the adsorption behaviors and performance variations of typical carbon materials,including activated carbon,porous carbon,graphene,and carbon nanotubes during CO2 capture processes.Concerning CO2 utilization,emphasis is placed on recent advances in the catalytic applications of carbon-based materials in key reactions such as methanation,reverse water-gas shift,dry reforming of methane,and alcohol synthesis.Moreover,the benefits and drawbacks of carbon materials in terms of CO2 adsorption capacity,catalytic activity,and stability are thoroughly evaluated,and their potential applications in integrated CO2 capture and utilization technologies are discussed.Finally,key strategies for enhancing the performance of carbonaceous materials through structural modulation and surface modification are elucidated.This review aims to provide theoretical guidance for the future development and large-scale implementation of carbon-based materials in CCU technologies.
基金supported by the Shaanxi Qinchuangyuan Cited High-level Innovation and Entrepreneurial Talents Project,China(No.QCYRCXM-2023-039)Young Talent Fund of Association for Science and Technology in Shaanxi,China(No.20240433)National Natural Science Foundation Program of China(No.52204370).
摘要Carbon materials,characterized by diverse allotropes,have played critical roles in the advancement of human civilization and industrial manufacturing.As a prominent allotrope,two-dimensional(2D)graphene materials have attracted increasing attention since their discovery owing to their exceptional properties;however,they suffer from the fundamental challenges of restacking and agglomeration,which diminish their performance in practical applications.The design of three-dimensional(3D)frameworks composed of 2D graphene sheets is considered an effective strategy to resolve these issues and enable the efficient utilization of the properties of graphene.Compared with conventional fabrication methods,such as graphene oxide assembly and template-assisted chemical vapor deposition,the chemical blowing strategy is distinguished by its low cost,facile process,and superior controllability.Despite these advantages,few review articles have focused specifically on the fabrication of 3D graphene materials via chemical blowing.This review outlines the chemical blowing strategy and clarifies the fundamentals of the blowing process,its historical evolution,and the classification of 3D graphene materials.Subsequently,the recent progress in 3D graphene foams and powders fabricated via chemical blowing is detailed,with an emphasis on the underlying synthesis chemistry.Following an analysis of the correlation between 3D graphene foam and powder materials,their design considerations and functional applications are discussed.This discussion provides recommendations for the synthesis of specific 3D graphene materials and elucidates their differences and commonalities across various application scenarios.Finally,after a brief summary,current challenges,opportunities,and future research directions for the development of chemical blowing are proposed.
基金the Deanship of Research and Graduate Studies at King Khalid University for funding this work through the Large Research Project under grant number(R.G.P.2/472/46)supported by the Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation(No.2308085MF211).
摘要Smart materials, especially piezoelectric materials, have gained popularity over the last two decades. Two-dimensional(2D) piezoelectric materials exhibit attributes including great flexibility, ease of workability, extensive surface area,and many active sites, indicating significant potential for future practical applications. However, 2D materials have bottlenecks such as poor stability against high-impact forces and unsatisfactory manufacturing techniques. This review examines cutting-edge research advancements on 2D piezoelectric materials and their applications in new-generation devices.
基金support of National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52192610,62422120,52371202,52203307,52125205,52202181,and 52102184)Natural Science Foundation of Beijing(Nos.L223006 and 2222088).
摘要With the rapid development of the internet of things(IoT)and wearable electronics,the role of flexible sensors is becoming increasingly irreplaceable,due to their ability to process and convert information acquisition.Two-dimensional(2D)materials have been widely welcomed by researchers as sensitive layers,which broadens the range and application of flexible sensors due to the advantages of their large specific surface area,tunable energy bands,controllable thickness at the atomic level,stable mechanical properties,and excellent optoelectronic properties.This review focuses on five different types of 2D materials for monitoring pressure,humidity,sound,gas,and so on,to realize the recognition and conversion of human body and environmental signals.Meanwhile,the main problems and possible solutions of flexible sensors based on 2D materials as sensitive layers are summarized.
基金support of this work by the project“Development of new innovative low carbon energy technologies to improve excellence in the Region of Western Macedonia”(MIS 5047197),which is implemented under the Action“Reinforcement of the Research and Innovation Infrastructure”funded by the Operational Program“Competitiveness,Entrepreneurship and Innovation”(NSRF 2014-2020)co-financed by Greece and the European Union(European Regional Development Fund)+4 种基金the Hellenic Foundation for Research and Innovation(HFRI)for supporting this research work under the 3~(rd)Call for HFRI PhD Fellowships(Fellowship Number:6033)the support of ELECMI-LMA nodeNanbiosis ICTSsfunded by the Swiss National Science Foundation(Grant:206021_189629)the Research Council of Norway(Grant:296087)。
摘要Herein,the effect of the Ru:Ni bimetallic composition in dual-function materials(DFMs)for the integrated CO2capture and methanation process(ICCU-Methanation)is systematically evaluated and combined with a thorough material characterization,as well as a mechanistic(in-situ diffuse reflectance infrared fourier-transform spectroscopy(in-situ DRIFTS))and computational(computational fluid dynamics(CFD)modelling)investigation,in order to improve the performance of Ni-based DFMs.The bimetallic DFMs are comprised of a main Ni active metallic phase(20 wt%)and are modified with low Ru loadings in the 0.1-1 wt%range(to keep the material cost low),supported on Na2O/Al2O3.It is shown that the addition of even a very low Ru loading(0.1-0.2 wt%)can drastically improve the material reducibility,exposing a significantly higher amount of surface-active metallic sites,with Ru being highly dispersed over the support and the Ni phase,while also forming some small Ru particles.This manifests in a significant enhancement in the CH4yield and the CH4production kinetics during ICCU-Methanation(which mainly proceeds via formate intermediates),with 0.2 wt%Ru addition leading to the best results.This bimetallic DFM also shows high stability and a relatively good performance under an oxidizing CO2capture atmosphere.The formation rate of CH4during hydrogenation is then further validated via CFD modelling and the developed model is subsequently applied in the prediction of the effect of other parameters,including the inlet H2concentration,inlet flow rate,dual-fu nction material weight,and reactor internal diameter.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22466011 and 22165004)the Innovative Research Team for Science and Technology of Shanxi Province(No.2022TD-04)。
摘要Hydrogen peroxide(H2O2)is highly required in various applications.The development of catalysts exhibiting elevated catalytic activity,selectivity,and stability is essential for H2O2production technology.Metalbased catalysts are widely used for 2e-ORR(oxygen reduction reaction)because of their adjustable structure,chemical stability,and availability.However,due to competition with the 4e-ORR,modifications are often conducted to balance activity and selectivity.Common techniques include altering the surface electronic structure of catalysts and the interaction between active sites and intermediates.This review discusses diverse catalyst types(including precious and transition metals,single-atom catalysts,and MOFs/COFs)along with modification strategies(such as morphological control,electronic structure tuning,conductivity enhancement,and wettability improvement).The objective is to elucidate catalyst design and associated reaction mechanisms,as well as the relationship between catalyst structure and activity,in order to provide an insight for producing H2O2in an efficient,highly selective,and stable manner.
基金partly supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52272225).
摘要Na3V2(PO4)3(NVP)has garnered great attentions as a prospective cathode material for sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)by virtue of its decent theoretical capacity,superior ion conductivity and high structural stability.However,the inherently poor electronic conductivity and sluggish sodium-ion diffusion kinetics of NVP material give rise to inferior rate performance and unsatisfactory energy density,which strictly confine its further application in SIBs.Thus,it is of significance to boost the sodium storage performance of NVP cathode material.Up to now,many methods have been developed to optimize the electrochemical performance of NVP cathode material.In this review,the latest advances in optimization strategies for improving the electrochemical performance of NVP cathode material are well summarized and discussed,including carbon coating or modification,foreign-ion doping or substitution and nanostructure and morphology design.The foreign-ion doping or substitution is highlighted,involving Na,V,and PO43−sites,which include single-site doping,multiple-site doping,single-ion doping,multiple-ion doping and so on.Furthermore,the challenges and prospects of high-performance NVP cathode material are also put forward.It is believed that this review can provide a useful reference for designing and developing high-performance NVP cathode material toward the large-scale application in SIBs.
基金supported by a National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)grant funded by the Korean government(MSIT)(NRF-2020R1A6A1A03043435 and 2020R1A2C1099862)supported by the Korea Institute for Advancement of Technology(KIAT)grant funded by the Korean Government(MOTIE)(P0012451,The Competency Development Program for Industry Specialist)。
摘要2D MXenes,particularly Ti3C2Tx,have emerged as promising multifu nctional materials for advancing solidstate batteries(SSBs).While SSBs offer superior safety and energy density over liquid-electrolyte systems,critical challenges such as interfacial resistance,limited ion transport,dendrite growth,and mechanical degradation hinder their widespread adoption.This review aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the roles and fu nctions of Ti3C2Tx MXenes in SSBs,emphasizing their application as interlayers,anode/cathode additives,and current collectors,and highlighting their impact on interracial stability,ionic/electro nic transport,electrochemical performance,and cycling durability in SSB architectures.Unlike other 2D materials,Ti3C2Tx exhibits outsta nding metallic conductivity,tu nable surface terminations,hydrophilicity,and excellent mechanical flexibility,making it ideal for multifu nctional integration in SSBs,As a component in solid-state electrolytes(SSEs),Ti3C2Tx improves ionic conductivity and mecha nical strength.When used in electrodes,it serves as a conductive scaffold that enhances charge transport and structural durability.Additionally,its role as an interfacial interlayer effectively reduces interfacial impedance,accommodates volume changes,and suppresses dendrite formation.Its lightweight and high conductivity enable its use as a current collector.This review highlights recent advances in Ti3C2Tx-based components for SSBs like Li-,Na-,Zn,Li-S,etc.,emphasizing enha ncements in ion/electron transport,interfacial stability,and structural robustness.Finally,the review outlines challenges and opportunities along with a future outlook focused on improving the MXene oxidation,tailoring surface terminations,improving long-term stability,and exploring scalable fabrication strategies for MXene-based SSB components.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12002133,12372109,and 11972171)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(Grant Nos.BK20200590 and BK20180031)+4 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.JUSRP121040)the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2023YFB4605101)the 111 project(Grant No.B18027)the Open Fund of Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of the Ministry of Education(Grant No.NJ2020003)the Sixth Phase of Jiangsu Province“333 High Level Talent Training Project”Second Level Talents.
摘要Two-dimensional(2D)materials are promising for next-generation electronic devices and systems due to their unique physical properties.The interfacial adhesion plays a vital role not only in the synthesis,transfer and manipulation of 2D materials but also in the manufacture,integration and performance of the functional devices.However,the atomic thickness and limited lateral dimensions of 2D materials make the accurate measurement and modulation of their interfacial adhesion energy challenging.In this review,the recent advances in the measurement and modulation of the interfacial adhesion properties of 2D materials are systematically combed.Experimental methods and relative theoretical models for the adhesion measurement of 2D materials are summarized,with their scope of application and limitations discussed.The measured adhesion energies between 2D materials and various substrates are described in categories,where the typical adhesion modulation strategies of 2D materials are also introduced.Finally,the remaining challenges and opportunities for the interfacial adhesion measurement and modulation of 2D materials are presented.This paper provides guidance for addressing the adhesion issues in devices and systems involving 2D materials.
摘要Rapid industrialization advancements have grabbed worldwide attention to integrate a very large number of electronic components into a smaller space for performing multifunctional operations.To fulfill the growing computing demand state-of-the-art materials are required for substituting traditional silicon and metal oxide semiconductors frameworks.Two-dimensional(2D)materials have shown their tremendous potential surpassing the limitations of conventional materials for developing smart devices.Despite their ground-breaking progress over the last two decades,systematic studies providing in-depth insights into the exciting physics of 2D materials are still lacking.Therefore,in this review,we discuss the importance of 2D materials in bridging the gap between conventional and advanced technologies due to their distinct statistical and quantum physics.Moreover,the inherent properties of these materials could easily be tailored to meet the specific requirements of smart devices.Hence,we discuss the physics of various 2D materials enabling them to fabricate smart devices.We also shed light on promising opportunities in developing smart devices and identified the formidable challenges that need to be addressed.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52200143,51979011 and 52276208)the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province(No.2024AFB546)the Fundamental Research Funds for Central Public Welfare Research Institutes(Nos.CKSF2023302/CL and CKSF2023314/CL).
摘要Carbon-based materials have been widely applied for pollutant removal relying on their rich pore structure,functional groups,chemical stability,and expandability.However,the traditional manufacturing process of carbon materials based on organic compounds pyrolysis is high energy-consuming and high-emission,which is not conducive to addressing the climate crisis and achieving the goal of carbon neutrality.Molten salt electrolysis technology enables the direct capture and reduction of CO2to produce solid carbon,resulting in significant environmental benefits while achieving carbon emissions reduction.The molten salt also has a purification function,enabling the production of high-purity carbon materials.The kinetics of the electrochemical reduction process can be easily controlled,and the co-reduction of multiple elements provides convenience for the in-situ optimization of carbon material structure and the expansion of its applications.Therefore,this review focuses on the thermodynamics&kinetics processes of molten salt capture and electrochemical reduction of CO2to prepare carbon materials.It further reviews the recent research progress on the preparation of carbon materials for pollutant removal based on molten salt electrochemical processes for the first time.Finally,we analyze the advantages and challenges of the current molten salt electrochemical processes and offers prospects for future research directions.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22168032)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFC3904302,2023YFB4103500)the Key Projects of Ning Dong Energy and Chemical Industry Base(2023NDKJXMLX022).
摘要A new adsorbent was successfully prepared by hydrothermal treatment and chemical activation through coal gasification fine slag(CGFS)and blue algae(BA)as raw materials and used for CO2capture.The CO2chemisorption capacity of the adsorbent was further enhanced by taking advantage of the nitrogenous bases contained in the BA.In the hydrothermal process,the addition of BA significantly increased the content of pyrrole nitrogen in the adsorbent.In the activation process,pyrrole nitrogen gradually changed into pyridine nitrogen and graphite nitrogen.Increased BA addition result in a higher specific surface area and microporosity of the adsorbent.The CO2adsorption performance test proved that the CGFS-50%-CA sample has the strongest CO2adsorption capacity at low temperature,up to 15.59 cm3/g,which is mainly through physical adsorption,and the CGFS-10%-CA sample has the strongest CO2adsorption capacity at high temperature,up to 7.31 cm3/g,which is mainly through chemical adsorption.CO2uptake of the CGFS-10%-CA sample was well maintained after 10 cycles,with regeneration efficiencies above 99%.The results indicate that the novel adsorbents with coexistence of physical and chemical adsorption have great potential for CO2adsorption applications.
基金Funded by a Science and Technology Project from the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People’s Republic of China(No.2019-K-047)Yangzhou Government-Yangzhou University Cooperative Platform Project for Science and Technology Innovation(No.YZ2020262)。
摘要The chloride penetration resistance of cement-based grout materials was improved by nano-silica emulsion.Specimens of mixtures containing different nano-silica particles or emulsions were exposed in sodium chloride solutions of specific concentrations with different test ages.Hardened properties of the mixes were assessed in terms of weight loss and compressive strength.X-ray diffraction(XRD)and scanning electron microscopy(SEM)of mixes were performed to analysis the phase evolution and microstructure.The results demonstrated that the introduction of nano-SiO2 emulsion significantly decreased the compressive strength loss and calcium hydroxide(CH)crystal content of hydration production,and then enhanced the resistance of cement-based grouting materials to chloride ion penetration.This improvement derives from the filling and pozzolanic effects of nano-SiO2 particles,which were incorporated via an emulsion and attributed to a well dispersion in grouting matrix.
基金the National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFA1505200)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22472140,22021001)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(20720210017 and 20720210009)。
摘要Large-area two-dimensional(2D)materials,such as graphene,MoS2,WS2,h-BN,black phosphorus,and MXenes,are a class of advanced materials with many possible applications.Different applications need different substrates,and each substrate may need a different way of transferring the 2D material onto it.Problems such as local stress concentrations,an uneven surface tension,inconsistent adhesion,mechanical damage and contamination during the transfer can adversely affect the quality and properties of the transferred material.Therefore,how to improve the integrity,flatness and cleanness of large area 2D materials is a challenge.In order to achieve high-quality transfer,the main concern is to control the interface adhesion between the substrate,the 2D material and the transfer medium.This review focuses on this topic,and finally,in order to promote the industrial use of large area 2D materials,provides a recipe for this transfer process based on the requirements of the application,and points out the current problems and directions for future development.