预测车轮的磨耗状态对合理制定维护计划、保障动车组列车安全运行具有重要意义。动车组车轮磨耗属复杂非线性问题,引入机器学习和大数据技术对准确预测车轮磨耗具有显著作用。为预测动车组车轮磨耗,提出了一种改进的带外源输入的非线性...预测车轮的磨耗状态对合理制定维护计划、保障动车组列车安全运行具有重要意义。动车组车轮磨耗属复杂非线性问题,引入机器学习和大数据技术对准确预测车轮磨耗具有显著作用。为预测动车组车轮磨耗,提出了一种改进的带外源输入的非线性自回归神经网络(nonlinear auto-regressive model with eXogenous inputs neural network,NARXNN)模型。首先,依据采集的动车组车轮磨耗3年连续实测数据,运用快速查找密度峰值聚类算法剔除异常数据,并利用二阶拉格朗日多项式插值处理缺失值,进行数据集预处理。然后,通过相空间重构将一维时间序列车轮直径测量数据扩展至多维,挖掘车轮磨耗参数的演变规律,采用主成分分析法提取影响动车组车轮直径参数指标变化的主要成分,构建了车轮磨耗预测模型的数据集样本。在此基础上,设计了一种带外源输入的非线性自回归神经网络NARXNN模型,采用列文伯格−马夸尔特算法(levenberg-marquardt,LM)优化NARXNN模型的权重和阈值,引入正交匹配追踪算法(orthogonal matching pursuit,OMP),以贪婪迭代的方式优化网络模型结构,在保证性能可靠性的同时删除冗余神经元,最终实现预测网络结构的精简。实验结果表明,LM-OMP算法优化的NARXNN神经网络模型结构简单、性能优越,能够快速稳定收敛。建立了未来2至6个月的车轮轮径磨耗预测模型,与其他经典预测模型对比结果表明,运用LM-OMP算法优化的NARXNN神经网络模型在动车组车轮磨耗预测方面具有更高的准确率和稳定性。运用该方法能够较精准地预测车轮磨耗的发展规律,可为动车组车轮的精准维修和科学使用提供参考。展开更多
提出一种压缩感知正交匹配追踪(CS-OMP)超谐波测量新算法,即运用压缩感知理论,通过引入插值系数,基于离散傅里叶变换(DFT)系数向量和狄利克雷核矩阵,构建了高频率分辨率的压缩感知模型,并基于正交匹配追踪算法,在不增加被测数据观...提出一种压缩感知正交匹配追踪(CS-OMP)超谐波测量新算法,即运用压缩感知理论,通过引入插值系数,基于离散傅里叶变换(DFT)系数向量和狄利克雷核矩阵,构建了高频率分辨率的压缩感知模型,并基于正交匹配追踪算法,在不增加被测数据观测时间前提下,将超谐波测量的频率分辨率提高了一个数量级。数值仿真分析以及两种非线性负荷的实测数据验证的结果表明,该算法可将测得数据频率分辨率由2 k Hz细化为200 Hz,能实现对被测信号中超谐波频率成分的精确定位,也可准确求解出其幅值信息,从而有效地弥补了DFT算法存在的观测时间与频率分辨率互相限制的固有缺陷,在更准确测量超谐波方面展现出良好前景。展开更多
A space-based bistatic radar system composed of two space-based radars as the transmitter and the receiver respectively has a wider surveillance region and a better early warning capability for high-speed targets,and ...A space-based bistatic radar system composed of two space-based radars as the transmitter and the receiver respectively has a wider surveillance region and a better early warning capability for high-speed targets,and it can detect focused space targets more flexibly than the monostatic radar system or the ground-based radar system.However,the target echo signal is more difficult to process due to the high-speed motion of both space-based radars and space targets.To be specific,it will encounter the problems of Range Cell Migration(RCM)and Doppler Frequency Migration(DFM),which degrade the long-time coherent integration performance for target detection and localization inevitably.To solve this problem,a novel target detection method based on an improved Gram Schmidt(GS)-orthogonalization Orthogonal Matching Pursuit(OMP)algorithm is proposed in this paper.First,the echo model for bistatic space-based radar is constructed and the conditions for RCM and DFM are analyzed.Then,the proposed GS-orthogonalization OMP method is applied to estimate the equivalent motion parameters of space targets.Thereafter,the RCM and DFM are corrected by the compensation function correlated with the estimated motion parameters.Finally,coherent integration can be achieved by performing the Fast Fourier Transform(FFT)operation along the slow time direction on compensated echo signal.Numerical simulations and real raw data results validate that the proposed GS-orthogonalization OMP algorithm achieves better motion parameter estimation performance and higher detection probability for space targets detection.展开更多
The conventional two dimensional(2D)inverse synthetic aperture radar(ISAR)imaging fails to provide the targets'three dimensional(3D)information.In this paper,a 3D ISAR imaging method for the space target is propos...The conventional two dimensional(2D)inverse synthetic aperture radar(ISAR)imaging fails to provide the targets'three dimensional(3D)information.In this paper,a 3D ISAR imaging method for the space target is proposed based on mutliorbit observation data and an improved orthogonal matching pursuit(OMP)algorithm.Firstly,the 3D scattered field data is converted into a set of 2D matrix by stacking slices of the 3D data along the elevation direction dimension.Then,an improved OMP algorithm is applied to recover the space target's amplitude information via the 2D matrix data.Finally,scattering centers can be reconstructed with specific three dimensional locations.Numerical simulations are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed 3D imaging method.展开更多
摘要针对工作在毫米波频段下的去蜂窝大规模多输入多输出(cell-free massive multiple-input multipleoutput,CF-mMIMO)系统中混合预编码设计面临的链路开销大与数值不稳定等问题,提出了一种适配分布式架构的基于列正交约束的正交匹配追踪(orthogonal matching pursuit,OMP)算法。在模拟预编码阶段,采用基于旋转不变性技术的信号参数最小二乘估计(least squares estimation of signal parameters via rotational invariance technique,LS-ESPRIT)算法,基于接收信号直接估计信号到达角,并重构波束码本,有效压缩了反馈开销;在数字预编码阶段,引入列正交约束并推导了最优因子,重构了优化目标函数,规避了病态矩阵求逆问题,提升了预编码矩阵的数值稳定性与匹配精度。仿真结果表明,该算法在不同接入点分布结构与系统参数设置下均能保持稳定且明显的频谱效率性能提升,验证了其在CF-mMIMO系统中的鲁棒性与优越性。
摘要预测车轮的磨耗状态对合理制定维护计划、保障动车组列车安全运行具有重要意义。动车组车轮磨耗属复杂非线性问题,引入机器学习和大数据技术对准确预测车轮磨耗具有显著作用。为预测动车组车轮磨耗,提出了一种改进的带外源输入的非线性自回归神经网络(nonlinear auto-regressive model with eXogenous inputs neural network,NARXNN)模型。首先,依据采集的动车组车轮磨耗3年连续实测数据,运用快速查找密度峰值聚类算法剔除异常数据,并利用二阶拉格朗日多项式插值处理缺失值,进行数据集预处理。然后,通过相空间重构将一维时间序列车轮直径测量数据扩展至多维,挖掘车轮磨耗参数的演变规律,采用主成分分析法提取影响动车组车轮直径参数指标变化的主要成分,构建了车轮磨耗预测模型的数据集样本。在此基础上,设计了一种带外源输入的非线性自回归神经网络NARXNN模型,采用列文伯格−马夸尔特算法(levenberg-marquardt,LM)优化NARXNN模型的权重和阈值,引入正交匹配追踪算法(orthogonal matching pursuit,OMP),以贪婪迭代的方式优化网络模型结构,在保证性能可靠性的同时删除冗余神经元,最终实现预测网络结构的精简。实验结果表明,LM-OMP算法优化的NARXNN神经网络模型结构简单、性能优越,能够快速稳定收敛。建立了未来2至6个月的车轮轮径磨耗预测模型,与其他经典预测模型对比结果表明,运用LM-OMP算法优化的NARXNN神经网络模型在动车组车轮磨耗预测方面具有更高的准确率和稳定性。运用该方法能够较精准地预测车轮磨耗的发展规律,可为动车组车轮的精准维修和科学使用提供参考。
摘要提出一种压缩感知正交匹配追踪(CS-OMP)超谐波测量新算法,即运用压缩感知理论,通过引入插值系数,基于离散傅里叶变换(DFT)系数向量和狄利克雷核矩阵,构建了高频率分辨率的压缩感知模型,并基于正交匹配追踪算法,在不增加被测数据观测时间前提下,将超谐波测量的频率分辨率提高了一个数量级。数值仿真分析以及两种非线性负荷的实测数据验证的结果表明,该算法可将测得数据频率分辨率由2 k Hz细化为200 Hz,能实现对被测信号中超谐波频率成分的精确定位,也可准确求解出其幅值信息,从而有效地弥补了DFT算法存在的观测时间与频率分辨率互相限制的固有缺陷,在更准确测量超谐波方面展现出良好前景。
摘要A space-based bistatic radar system composed of two space-based radars as the transmitter and the receiver respectively has a wider surveillance region and a better early warning capability for high-speed targets,and it can detect focused space targets more flexibly than the monostatic radar system or the ground-based radar system.However,the target echo signal is more difficult to process due to the high-speed motion of both space-based radars and space targets.To be specific,it will encounter the problems of Range Cell Migration(RCM)and Doppler Frequency Migration(DFM),which degrade the long-time coherent integration performance for target detection and localization inevitably.To solve this problem,a novel target detection method based on an improved Gram Schmidt(GS)-orthogonalization Orthogonal Matching Pursuit(OMP)algorithm is proposed in this paper.First,the echo model for bistatic space-based radar is constructed and the conditions for RCM and DFM are analyzed.Then,the proposed GS-orthogonalization OMP method is applied to estimate the equivalent motion parameters of space targets.Thereafter,the RCM and DFM are corrected by the compensation function correlated with the estimated motion parameters.Finally,coherent integration can be achieved by performing the Fast Fourier Transform(FFT)operation along the slow time direction on compensated echo signal.Numerical simulations and real raw data results validate that the proposed GS-orthogonalization OMP algorithm achieves better motion parameter estimation performance and higher detection probability for space targets detection.
摘要The conventional two dimensional(2D)inverse synthetic aperture radar(ISAR)imaging fails to provide the targets'three dimensional(3D)information.In this paper,a 3D ISAR imaging method for the space target is proposed based on mutliorbit observation data and an improved orthogonal matching pursuit(OMP)algorithm.Firstly,the 3D scattered field data is converted into a set of 2D matrix by stacking slices of the 3D data along the elevation direction dimension.Then,an improved OMP algorithm is applied to recover the space target's amplitude information via the 2D matrix data.Finally,scattering centers can be reconstructed with specific three dimensional locations.Numerical simulations are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed 3D imaging method.