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Dynamic production of hydroxy radicals affects the available Cadmium in paddy soils under microplastic contamination 认领 引用
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作者 Zhen Zhao Wendan Xiao +2 位作者 Qi Zhang De Chen Xuezhu Ye 《Journal of Environmental Sciences》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2026年第5期648-657,共10页
The coexistence of microplastics(MPs)and Cadmium(Cd)in soil poses a critical yet understudied environmental and agricultural risk,particularly in redox-dynamic paddy systems.This study quantifies the mechanistic inter... The coexistence of microplastics(MPs)and Cadmium(Cd)in soil poses a critical yet understudied environmental and agricultural risk,particularly in redox-dynamic paddy systems.This study quantifies the mechanistic interplay between polyethylene(PE)MPs and available Cd under two water management regimes.Results demonstrate that MPs significantly amplify hydroxyl radical(•OH)production in paddy systems,with particle size,concentration,and hydrological regimes driving spatiotemporal dynamics.MPs further altered redox thresholds unpredictably.Pearson’s positive correlation results revealed that photochemical activation of MPs-derived dissolved organic carbon(DOC)and Fe(Ⅱ)governed•OH generation in the overlying water.Small,high-concentration MPs amplified Fe(Ⅱ)turnover in soils under fluctuating hydrology,driving sustained•OH production,elevating soil available Cd contents by 4.5-fold higher than controls after 30 days(p<0.05).This study establishes a critical link between MPs contamination and•OH-mediated Cd cycling in paddy ecosystems,highlighting MPs-induced redox dynamics as a linchpin controlling heavy metal availability under variable soil oxygenation.The findings advance predictive frameworks for co-mobility of MPs and metal contaminants,while establishing innovative paradigms for addressing the non-negligible role of•OH in agroecosystems. 展开更多
关键词 Microplastic Hydroxy radicals Cadmium Availability Paddy system
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Neglected but significant:High mercury alkylation but low carbon sequestration in paddy field as revealed by soil profiles survey 认领 引用
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作者 Kaikai Fang Yan He +3 位作者 Shengting Rao Jian Wang Jianming Xu Jiachun Shi 《Journal of Environmental Sciences》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2026年第5期301-310,共10页
The global environmental crisis caused by simultaneous increasing mercury(Hg)alkylation and organic carbon deficit has restricted the implementation of the“One Health”framework.Here,we report a neglected but signifi... The global environmental crisis caused by simultaneous increasing mercury(Hg)alkylation and organic carbon deficit has restricted the implementation of the“One Health”framework.Here,we report a neglected but significant phenomenon of high Hg alkylation but low carbon sequestration in paddy field through soil profiles survey deep to the parent material horizon(defined as deepsoil).We found that ratios of Hg methylation and ethylation were increased by 69.0%and 64.2%in deepsoil compared to that in topsoil(P<0.05).This inhibition of Hg alkylation in topsoil is likely regulated by Nitrosomonadaceae(enriched by 64.9%vs.deepsoil),which harbors the merA gene(Hg demethylation marker).Furthermore,through deciphering molecular level of dissolved organic matter,we found the content of labile carbon increased by 12.7%,compared to those in topsoil.Conversely,in deepsoil,labile carbon(e.g.,carbohydrates)enriches Spirochaetaceae(abundance+69.2%,carrying the hgcA gene for Hg methylation),thereby facilitating Hg alkylation.This microbial shift enhanced Hg alkylation in deepsoil relative to topsoil.In summary,this study bridges human health,microbial ecology,and climate resilience(carbon storage)within the“One Health”paradigm,revealing depth-dependent mechanisms that reconcile soil Hg remediation with carbon management for sustainable agroecosystems. 展开更多
关键词 Dissolved organic matter(DOM) Methylmercury(MeHg) Ethylmercury(EtHg) Organic carbon sequestration Paddy soil
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Biochar amendment reduced microbial necromass carbon accumulation in a paddy soil profile 认领 引用
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作者 Ruiling Ma Suping Ji +9 位作者 Shuo Jiang Dingyao Lei Ying Cai Xiulan Wu Zhiwei Liu Qi Yi Shaopan Xia Rongjun Bian Xuhui Zhang Jufeng Zheng 《Journal of Integrative Agriculture》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2026年第7期3006-3016,共11页
Microbial necromass carbon(MNC)serves a crucial function in the formation and stabilization of soil organic carbon(SOC).Although biochar amendment is recognized as a promising approach for enhancing SOC sequestration,... Microbial necromass carbon(MNC)serves a crucial function in the formation and stabilization of soil organic carbon(SOC).Although biochar amendment is recognized as a promising approach for enhancing SOC sequestration,its impact on MNC accumulation across the paddy soil profile remains uncertain.Through a 4-year field experiment,this study examined the effect of biochar amendment on MNC accumulation across three soil layers(0–15,15–30,and 30–45 cm)in a paddy soil profile by combining vertical soil profiling,microbial community dynamics,and biomarker analysis.The results showed that biochar amendment reduced MNC by 10.5%(0–15 cm),7.5%(15–30 cm),and 9.6%(30–45 cm),respectively,compared to the unamended control.In the topsoil(0–15 cm),the reduction in MNC under biochar amendment was attributed to decreases in both fungal and bacterial necromass carbon(C),whereas in the subsoil(15–45 cm),it primarily resulted from the decrease in bacterial necromass C.Biochar amendment reduced MNC content by decreasing microbial biomass and increasing nitrogen(N)acquisition enzyme activities,mainly due to a shift in the microbial community toward K-strategists and intensified microbial N limitation.This study provides novel insights into the microbially-mediated SOC dynamics in response to biochar amendment. 展开更多
关键词 biochar microbial necromass carbon microbial life-history strategy paddy soil profile
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Cd toxicity thresholds in response to freeze-thaw and wetting-redrying cycles in various parental paddy soils 认领 引用
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作者 Jing Wang Meng Wang +6 位作者 Lei Yu Xiaoyi Sun Luyao Qin Jiaxiao Liu Ruyan Zhou Yun Han Shibao Chen 《Journal of Environmental Sciences》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2026年第5期455-462,共8页
In order to clarify the stabilization characteristics of cadmium(Cd)after different aging methods,soil culture tests of freeze-thaw,wetting-redrying cycles,and natural aging affecting on Cd phytotoxicity to rice were ... In order to clarify the stabilization characteristics of cadmium(Cd)after different aging methods,soil culture tests of freeze-thaw,wetting-redrying cycles,and natural aging affecting on Cd phytotoxicity to rice were conducted.According to the national food safety standard GB2762-2022,the toxicity thresholds(RT)of Cd under different aging modes were derived.The results showed that:as the aging time increased to 360 days,the RT of different parent soils increased by 28.49%-204.86%(freeze-thaw),37.80%-192.55%(natural),34.45%-205.87%(wetting-redrying),compared with 14d’aging.Compared with natural aging:The RT of granite soil(SG),river sandy mud(SR),stucco field(SS)increased by 99.46%under freeze-thaw aging,decreased by 66.68%under wetting-redrying aging;The RT of purple sandy shale(SP),quaternary red clay soil(SQ)decreased by 20.32%under freeze-thaw aging,increased by 70.99%under wetting-redrying aging.RT of yellow mud soil(SY)showed a decreasing trend under unnatural aging.The prediction models of RT based on different parental characteristics under different aging methods were established:log10(AF360)=1.038AG-0.251Chaol-1.052,log10(AF360)=0.481pH+1.492CEC+1.223MW-6.375,log10(AF360)=0.119pH+0.264CEC+1.091AD+0.263.The regression coefficients of aging factors(AF360),which were 1.04,1.49,and 1.09 respectively,provided that water-stable aggregates(AG),cation exchange capacity(CEC),and the adhesive film(AD)were the primary controlling factors influencing RT with positive correlations.This study provided an important basis for evaluating different long-term aging modes affecting on soil Cd toxicity behavior and RT of Cd on rice. 展开更多
关键词 Cd bioavailability Parent paddy soils Toxicity threshold Aging Predictive models
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Unveiling the regulation of biochar and ferrihydrite on organic carbon stabilization,CH4 emission and microbial community in paddy soil 认领 引用
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作者 Ran Zhang Yujing Gu +9 位作者 Linrui Zhong Yuantao Xu Fanzhi Qin Hong Qin Qian Liu Jiali Cheng Jiahui Lei Jingwen Yan Yi Yin Yue Lu 《Journal of Environmental Sciences》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2026年第6期283-293,共11页
Biochar(BC),an accessible and economic soil improvement,has influenced the biogeochemical cycling of iron and organic carbon(OC)in paddy soil.However,little is known about the effect of BC on iron-organic carbon(Fe-OC... Biochar(BC),an accessible and economic soil improvement,has influenced the biogeochemical cycling of iron and organic carbon(OC)in paddy soil.However,little is known about the effect of BC on iron-organic carbon(Fe-OC)associations,as well as how they regulate the associated microbial community in paddy soil.This study employed anoxic soil microcosms with distinct treatments including BC alone,ferrihydrite(Fh)alone,and BC combined with Fh.Results demonstrated that Fh alone significantly reduced CH4emission by suppressing key methanogens and stabilizing humic-like dissolved organic matter.BC alone slightly inhibited CH4while promoted CO2emission,consistent with its function as an electron shuttle promoting dissimilatory iron reduction and labile OC mineralization.Interestingly,the combined application of BC and Fh significantly suppressed the CH4emission.It might be due to that BC accelerated microbial iron reduction to divert electrons from methanogenesis and Fh preferentially sequestered humic-like organic components into mineral-associated complexes,which reduced substrate availability for methanogens(e.g.,Methanosarcina)while enriched iron-reducing bacteria like Thermoleophilia and Desulfuromonadia.This study revealed that the BC and Fh together had significant effects on the OC stabilization,CH4emission and microbial community,which provides fundamental information for future synergistic application of BC and Fh in rice paddy ecosystems. 展开更多
关键词 Iron minerals Biochar Organic carbon stabilization Paddy soil CH4emission
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Aggregate-mediated redistribution and bioavailability of cadmium in paddy soils under alternating redox conditions 认领 引用
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作者 Luyao Qin Xiaoyi Sun +5 位作者 Lei Yu Jing Wang Yuanqing Chao Jason C.White Meng Wang Shibao Chen 《Journal of Environmental Sciences》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2026年第6期12-22,共11页
Unstable pe+pH(a soil redox parameter representing the total variation of pH and Eh,pe=−log10(e−)=Eh(mV)/59.2)environment caused by alternation flooding and drainage cycles can alter aggregate structure.However,... Unstable pe+pH(a soil redox parameter representing the total variation of pH and Eh,pe=−log10(e−)=Eh(mV)/59.2)environment caused by alternation flooding and drainage cycles can alter aggregate structure.However,the mechanism of aggregate restructuring and its impact on Cd distribution remains poorly understood.Contaminated soils were collected from three different rice-growing regions in China and then were subjected to a 40-day anaerobic incubation followed by a 20-day oxidation period.The contribution of known binders,including iron(Fe)oxides and soil organic carbon(SOC),to aggregate structural stability and its impact on DTPA-Cd distribution were investigated.The results show that flooding decreased laterite soil pe+pH from 9.56 to 1.73,resulting in the disintegration of macroaggregates and formation of microaggregates.In addition,free Fe oxides(Fe DCB)were mainly distributed in macroaggregates,while amorphous Fe oxides(Fe OA)and SOC tended to accumulate in microaggregates.The greatest decrease of 65.2%–73.2%was observed in aggregate mean weight diameter(MWD)after dithionite-citrate-bicarbonate(DCB)extraction,which indicates that Fe DCB contributed more to aggregate stability than Fe OA and SOC.Furthermore,flooding stage decreased the content of DTPA-Cd in bulk soil,and that tended to distribute in microaggregates(0.30 and 0.52 mg/kg for the>2 and<0.053 mm fraction,respectively).Taken together,unstable pe+pH changed the distribution of Fe oxides and SOC in different aggregate size,resulting in aggregate restructuring,which further impacted Cd distribution in paddy soil. 展开更多
关键词 pe+pH Aggregate restructuring Iron oxides,SOC Paddy soil
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Identification of rice paddy field morphology following the collapse of Neolithic culture in the Taihu Lake Plain,the Lower Yangtze River 认领 引用
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作者 LI Haiming YI Xuan +10 位作者 LIAN Huiru ZHANG Xuyang ZHENG Duo ZHANG Xuanyi REN Linping YANG Liu ZHANG Zhiping SONG Rongfang MA Zhikun LEE Harry F JIA Xin 《Journal of Geographical Sciences》 SCIE CSCD 2026年第3期709-731,共23页
Research into the location and development of rice paddies after the collapse of Neolithic cultures is of crucial importance.This study explores the phytolith assemblages and soil micromorphologies of potential rice p... Research into the location and development of rice paddies after the collapse of Neolithic cultures is of crucial importance.This study explores the phytolith assemblages and soil micromorphologies of potential rice paddy relics found at the Xingang Site(3556–3360 cal.a BP)in the Taihu Lake Plain,Lower Yangtze River,offering insights into these issues.The discriminant function of the phytolith assemblage distinguished six out of 19 samples in the suspected paddy field area as wild rice fields,while the rest were non-rice fields.Soil micromorphology indicated that the alleged paddy field area experienced repeated dry and wet conditions,with signs of plant growth but no evidence of human activity,suggesting it was not an artificially managed paddy field.These findings suggest the area during the Shang Dynasty consisted of abandoned paddies from the post-Neolithic era.The proportion of rice bulliform phytoliths with≥9 fish-scale decorations(35%–47%)was significantly lower at the Xingang Site(marginal area)during the Shang Dynasty compared to periods like Qianshanyang-Guangfulin(4300–3900 a BP)(central area),suggesting that diminished population density in marginal areas after the Neolithic collapse likely led to paddy field abandonment.Additionally,the collapse of the Liangzhu social structure,along with a rice-farming economy that lacked strong resource competitiveness,may have also contributed to this phenomenon.This study provides an empirical example of rice paddy locations following the Neolithic collapse in the Lower Yangtze River,enhancing our understanding of the decline of the Liangzhu civilization. 展开更多
关键词 Taihu Lake Plain phytolith assemblages soil micromorphology rice paddies Neolithic collapse
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Paddy Pinnacle:A young entrepreneur turns black soil into a field of opportunity in northeast China 认领 引用
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作者 CUI XIAOQIN 《ChinAfrica》 2026年第4期29-31,共3页
A subtle fragrance drifted through the halls of the Great Hall of the People in Beijing during this year’s Two Sessions in March.It was not perfume,but the aroma of freshly milled rice brought from northeast China by... A subtle fragrance drifted through the halls of the Great Hall of the People in Beijing during this year’s Two Sessions in March.It was not perfume,but the aroma of freshly milled rice brought from northeast China by Chen Yujia. 展开更多
关键词 freshly milled rice two sessions entrepreneur black soil northeast china Great Hall People paddy
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The communities of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi established by different winter green manures in paddy fields promote postcropping rice production 认领 引用
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作者 Mengyan Cao Shaoping Ye +5 位作者 Cheng Jin Junkang Cheng Yao Xiang Yu Song Guorong Xin Chuntao He 《Journal of Integrative Agriculture》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2025年第4期1588-1605,共18页
Winter planting green manures in southern China effectively improve soil properties and rice production through microbial community construction.However,the effects of soil communities of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(... Winter planting green manures in southern China effectively improve soil properties and rice production through microbial community construction.However,the effects of soil communities of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF)from different winter planting green manures on the soil properties and post-cropping rice production remain unclear.In this study,the soil AMF communities of three common winter planting patterns in southern China,winter fallow,winter ryegrass(Lolium multiflorum L.),and winter Chinese milk vetch(Astragalus sinicus L.),were explored and their effects on post-cropping rice production were investigated.Compared with winter fallow,the winter ryegrass and winter Chinese milk vetch patterns could alleviate soil acidification,significantly increase soil AMF spore density,and improve the soil AMF community structure.Based on sterilized soil,rice production indicators such as thousandseed weight,theoretical yield,and the grain amylose and total sugar contents of rice inoculated with AMF spores from winter Chinese milk vetch soil were 6.68–53.57%higher than those without AMF inoculation.Rice panicle weight,seed setting rate,and theoretical yield were 15.38–22.71%higher in the treatment with AMF spores from winter ryegrass soil than in the treatments with no AMF inoculation.In addition,the protein,amylose,and total sugar contents of rice grains were 14.92,104.82,and 802.23 mg kg–1,respectively,which were 31.31,14.25 and 34.47%higher than those without AMF inoculation.The AMF community dominated by Glomus and Acaulospora in winter Chinese milk vetch had a more positive effect on the improvement of rice yield,while the AMF community dominated by Glomus in winter ryegrass soil was more conducive to rice quality improvement.These findings have revealed the critical role of AMF communities from green manure in rice production,which lays the theoretical basis for a promising strategy to promote the sustainable development of southern winter agriculture. 展开更多
关键词 green manure paddy crop rotation AMF community rice yields rice quality
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Fluorescence sensor based on IFE between AEP@UCNPs and oxTMB for the determination of Cd2+in paddy rice combined with HRP enzyme inhibition mechanism 认领 引用
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作者 Haizhen Ding Shuai Hou +6 位作者 Siqi Zhao Liping Guo Ao Sun Qiuhui Hu Leiqing Pan Qiang Liu Chao Ding 《Food Science and Human Wellness》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2025年第1期154-160,共7页
Cadmium ion(Cd2+)detection technology plays a prominent role in food safety and human health.Herein,we designed and constructed an 2-aminoethyl dihydrogen phosphate(AEP)@upconversion nanoparticles(UCNPs)fluorescenc... Cadmium ion(Cd2+)detection technology plays a prominent role in food safety and human health.Herein,we designed and constructed an 2-aminoethyl dihydrogen phosphate(AEP)@upconversion nanoparticles(UCNPs)fluorescence sensor for quantitative detection of Cd2+in paddy rice based on inner filter effect(IFE)combined with enzyme inhibition mechanism.The AEP modification UCNPs can offer a stable fluorescence donor at 658 nm and be quenched by the oxidized tetramethylbenzidine(oxTMB)catalyzed by horseradish peroxidase(HRP)enzymes.Without addition of Cd2+,the fluorescence of AEP@UCNPs fluorescence sensor was weaken due to the IFE between AEP@UCNPs and oxTMB.With addition of Cd2+,HRP enzyme activity was inhibited by Cd2+,leading to the decreased oxTMB,resulting in the enhance upconversion fluorescence intensity.As a result,the fluorescence intensity signal at 658 nm of the IFE-based AEP@UCNPs fluorescence sensor increased linearly with the increase in Cd2+in a wide range from 0.5μmol/L to 6μmol/L and the limit of detection(LOD)was 24.6 n mol/L.In addition,our proposed IFE-based AEP@UCNPs fluorescence sensor can achieve Cd2+detection in paddy rice in 30 min. 展开更多
关键词 Paddy rice Cd2+ Enzyme inhibition Upconversion nanoparticles(UCNPs) Inner filter effect(IFE)
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Storage and Spatial Variation of Phosphorus in Paddy Soils of China 认领 引用 被引量：15
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作者 LIN Jin-Shi SHI Xue-Zheng +4 位作者 LU Xi-Xi YU Dong-Sheng WANG Hong-Jie ZHAO Yong-Cun SUN Wei-Xia 《Pedosphere》 SCIE CAS 2009年第6期790-798,共9页
Due to the growing concern about the agricultural phosphorus (P) losses pollution, an in-depth understanding of P in paddy soils of China would be helpful in providing a national perspective of the environmental impac... Due to the growing concern about the agricultural phosphorus (P) losses pollution, an in-depth understanding of P in paddy soils of China would be helpful in providing a national perspective of the environmental impact of P cycling and fertility on China's farms. In this study, we evaluated the P storage and the P density of paddy soils in China, characterized the spatial variations of P among the subgroups of paddy soils and soil regions in China, and evaluated the P data using GIS-based analysis, which included a newly compiled 1:1 000 000 digital soil map of China, and using 1 490 soil profiles. The available and total P densities of paddy soils were 6.7 and 698.5 g m -3 , respectively. Overall in China, the total P storage within 1 m of paddy soils was estimated to be 330.2 Tg. The P density of paddy soils varied substantially with subgroups due to the different soil water regimes such as groundwater table and soil drainage. The P availability in paddy soils, especially in surface layer, was higher in high temperature and precipitation areas. Further research is needed to examine more anthropogenic impact factors, such as increasing use of chemical fertilizer. 展开更多
关键词 paddy soil database paddy soil subgroups phosphorus density phosphorus pool
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Paddy Field Landscapes in the Context of Rural Revitalization:A Case Study of Xiangling Village,Huizhou,Guangdong Province,China 认领 引用
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作者 LIAO Fangjun HUANG Fanshu SUN Yingfang 《Journal of Landscape Research》 2025年第5期41-44,48,共4页
In the process of promoting the rural revitalization strategy,paddy filed landscapes,as the most representative form of productive landscape in rural areas,not only serve the function of grain production,but also hold... In the process of promoting the rural revitalization strategy,paddy filed landscapes,as the most representative form of productive landscape in rural areas,not only serve the function of grain production,but also hold significant value in ecological protection,cultural inheritance,and industrial integration.Taking Xiangling Village in Huizhou,Guangdong Province as the research object,this study analyzes the current status and existing problems of the paddy field landscapes through field research.Combining with the overall requirements of rural revitalization of“vibrant local industries,pleasant living environments,social etiquette and civility,sound governance,and affluent living”,this study proposes paddy field landscape design strategies from four dimensions:industrial integration,ecological optimization,cultural empowerment,and spatial reconstruction,and constructs specific design plans to provide practical reference for the landscape improvement of similar rural areas. 展开更多
关键词 Rural revitalization Paddy field landscape Landscape design Xiangling Village Huizhou
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Effect of Different Proportions of Organic Fertilizer Replacing Chemical Fertilizer on the Physicochemical Properties and Bacterial Community Characteristics of Reddish Paddy Fields 认领 引用
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作者 CUI Xin-wei LYU Zhen-zhen +4 位作者 GAO Peng CHEN Zi-xun LU Yao-xiong XUE Tao PENG Fu-yuan 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 2025年第2期7-17,共11页
This study aimed to explore the effect of different proportions of organic fertilizer replacing chemical fertilizer on the bacterial community and metabolic function in paddy fields.The 16S rRNA absolute quantitative ... This study aimed to explore the effect of different proportions of organic fertilizer replacing chemical fertilizer on the bacterial community and metabolic function in paddy fields.The 16S rRNA absolute quantitative sequencing method was employed to study the response characteristics of soil bacterial community composition and species absolute abundance to environmental factors under three fertilization treatments[chemical fertilizer(NPK),organic fertilizer replacing 30%of chemical fertilizer(30M,estimated in terms of pure nitrogen,same below),and organic fertilizer replacing 60%of chemical fertilizer(60M)]for two consecutive years.Furthermore,the changes of bacterial metabolic functions of different fertilization treatments were predicted by PICRUSt2.The results showed that replacing chemical fertilizer with organic fertilizer at different proportions significantly increased the total nitrogen(TN),total potassium(TK),hydrolyzable nitrogen(HN),soil organic carbon(SOC),and significantly decreased the soil bulk density(SBD).Moreover,60M demonstrated better performance than 30M.Different fertilization treatments did not cause significant difference in soil bacterial richness index(Chao1)or diversity index(Shannon)but significantly affected bacterial community composition and species abundance.Particularly,60M significantly increased the abundance of 227 species,and it increased the total bacterial abundance by 25.30%and 56.58%compared with NPK and 30M,respectively.Redundancy analysis and Spearman correlation analysis revealed that SOC,TN,and AK were the key factors for shaping specific bacterial community structures under different fertilization treatments.The 60M treatment significantly increased the abundance of bacterial species involved in xenobiotic biodegradation and metabolism,amino acid metabolism,and lipid metabolism,thus improving the metabolic functions of soil microorganisms. 展开更多
关键词 Organic fertilizer Reddish paddy field Bacteria High-throughput sequencing Metabolic functions
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Evaluation of paddy soil quality in Wanchang area of Jilin City 认领 引用
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作者 LI Chao LU Jilong +4 位作者 WEI Qiaoqiao HOU Yaru ZHAO Wei HUA Zhaofu SUN Xiaohan 《Global Geology》 2025年第1期70-78,共9页
In order to identify the nutrient level and environmental quality of paddy fields in Wanchang area,and to provide scientific basis and technical support for planting rice in Wanchang area, the soil geochemicalsurvey w... In order to identify the nutrient level and environmental quality of paddy fields in Wanchang area,and to provide scientific basis and technical support for planting rice in Wanchang area, the soil geochemicalsurvey was carried out, 30 samples were collected from paddy soil in Wanchang area, and 20 elements(indicators) were analyzed. The characterization of the elemental content of soils in the study area was carriedout, and the geochemical level for soil nutrients, the geochemical level for the soil environment, and thecomprehensive geochemical level of soil quality were evaluated. The results showed that the average valuesof K content and pH of the soil in the study area were smaller than the background values of Jilin Province,and the average values of 18 elements including N, P, Ca, S, Pb, Zn etc. were bigger than the backgroundvalues of Jilin Province. The results of the evaluation of soil single element nutrient in the study area showedthat the available state nutrient levels of Mn, Zn, Cu, and K increased compared with the total amounts ofnutrients level, with Cu increasing the most;the available state nutrient level of N, P, B, and Mo decreasedcompared with the total amounts of nutrients level, with Mo decreasing the most. The comprehensive levelof soil nutrients geochemistry in paddy fields was mainly Level III (medium), accounting for 53.33%, andthe low abundance level was caused by the lack of P element;the comprehensive level of soil environmentalgeochemistry was mainly Level I (clean), accounting for 96.67%, with only slight pollution caused byCd. The comprehensive geochemical level of soil quality was mainly Level II, accounting for 66.67%.Suggestions were put forward for the rational utilization of soil resources in paddy fields in the study area. 展开更多
关键词 paddy soil nutrients environmental evaluation soil quality evaluation Wanchang area Jilin City
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Occurrences of Yttrium in Soil and Its Potential Impacts on Paddy Rice Triticum aestivum 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 冯秀娟 张素贞 +3 位作者 朱易春 马彩云 潘阳 高咪 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2013年第12期1783-1787,共5页
[Objective] The effects of yttrium nitrate （YNO3） on biomass and antioxi- dant systems of paddy rice （Yttrium （Y）; Oxidative stress; Dismutases （SOD）; Per- oxidases （POD）, Catalases （CAT）, Paddy rice （Trit... [Objective] The effects of yttrium nitrate （YNO3） on biomass and antioxi- dant systems of paddy rice （Yttrium （Y）; Oxidative stress; Dismutases （SOD）; Per- oxidases （POD）, Catalases （CAT）, Paddy rice （Triticum aestivum）） together with the occurrences of Y in soils were investigated to assess its ecotoxicological effects on plant. [Method]Y solutions with various concentrations were sprinkled on soil sam- ples, which were well mixed and then put into culture dishes to culture paddy rice seeds for further evaluation. [Result] The results indicated that 25-100 mg/kg Y treatments significantly increased the biomass （total weight, root weight, shoot weight and leaf weight）, chlorophyll （CHL） content and protein content of paddy rice, whereas 200-800 mg/kg Y treatments had a converse effect. Similarly, biomarker for the antioxidant systems including superoxide dismutases （SOD）, peroxidases （POD） and catalases （CAT） all exhibited similar trends in both shoots and roots of paddy rice. At the same time, the malonaldehyde （MDA） content increased at from 25 to 100 mg/kg and decreased with concentrations of Y from 100 to 800 mg/kg in both shoots and roots of paddy rice. This indicated that Y could stimulate the growth of plant at low concentration, but inhibit the growth at relatively high concen- tration. [Conclusion] The levels of Y were 641＋49, 328_＋16 and 473_＋40 mg/kg in soils collected from mining area, farmland and navel orange orchard respectively. The levels of Y in the investigated area were higher than the benefit level （100 mg/kg）, which could cause low biomass as well as low activity of SOD, POD and CAT in paddy rice. Therefore, a more careful use of Y is necessary in crop management. 展开更多
关键词 Yttrium （Y） Oxidative stress Dismutases （SOD） Peroxidases （POD） Catalases （CAT） Paddy rice （Yttrium （Y） Oxidative stress Dismutases （SOD） Per- oxidases （POD） Catalases （CAT） Paddy rice （Triticum aestivum））
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Predicting herbicides concentrations in paddy water and runoff to the river basin 认领 引用 被引量：6
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作者 PARVEEN Sultana KOHGUCHI Testuyuki +1 位作者 BISWAS Moloy NAKAGOSHI Nobukazu 《Journal of Environmental Sciences》 SCIE EI CAS 2005年第4期631-636,共6页
This study was conducted to investigate the dissipation pattern and runoff of herbicides to the river basin from the paddy fields. Pesticide paddy field model(PADDY) was applied to predict herbicide concentration in p... This study was conducted to investigate the dissipation pattern and runoff of herbicides to the river basin from the paddy fields. Pesticide paddy field model(PADDY) was applied to predict herbicide concentration in paddy fields. A field study was conducted in a paddy farm of Higashi Hiroshima City, Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan in the year of 2003 paddy season. The herbicides were mefenacet, thiobencarb, and bensulfuron methyl. The sample water was analyzed by using gas chromatography and HPLC after solid phase extraction. Predicted dissipation rate of thiobencarb in paddy water was higher(DT_ 50 = 4 36) than that measured, with a lower k value(-0 069). Two weeks after application no thiobencarb was detected in the drainage channel and down stream. In the down stream, thiobencarb was detected until 3 d after application, with a range of 0 02% to 0 08% of applied herbicide. The predicted dissipation rate(k) and half-life(DT_ 50 ) of mefenacet was not significantly different from that of measured. In the drainage channel, upstream and downstream mefenacet was found during the whole study period. In downstream, the maximum concentration of mefenacet was present 0 61% of applied in the paddy field on 3DAH. The dissipation rate(k) of BSM varied from -0 0860 to -0 1059 to with half-life(DT_ 50 ) 3 5 and 2 84 d. In upstream water, no BSM was detected except trace amounts(0 01 μg/L) at 3 d after application. However, in the drainage channel 8%, 6% and 1 58% of applied BSM was present at 0, 1 and 3 d after application respectively. In the down stream, the highest concentration was 1 06%, shortly after application. 展开更多
关键词 paddy field pesticide paddy field model(PADDY) herbicide dissipation runoff
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Effects of straw and biochar addition on soil nitrogen,carbon,and super rice yield in cold waterlogged paddy soils of North China 认领 引用 被引量：26
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作者 CUI Yue-feng MENG Jun +3 位作者 WANG Qing-xiang ZHANG Wei-ming CHENG Xiao-yi CHEN Wen-fu 《Journal of Integrative Agriculture》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2017年第5期1064-1074,共11页
The additions of straw and biochar have been suggested to increase soil fertility, carbon sequestration, and crop produc- tivity of agricultural lands. To our knowledge, there is little information on the effects of s... The additions of straw and biochar have been suggested to increase soil fertility, carbon sequestration, and crop produc- tivity of agricultural lands. To our knowledge, there is little information on the effects of straw and biochar addition on soil nitrogen form, carbon storage, and super rice yield in cold waterlogged paddy soils. We performed field trials with four treatments including conventional fertilization system （CK）, straw amendment 6 t ha^-1 （S）, biochar amendment 2 t ha^-1 （C1）, and biochar amendment 40 t ha^-1 （C2）. The super japonica rice variety, Shennong 265, was selected as the test Crop. The results showed that the straw and biochar amendments improved total nitrogen and organic carbon content of the soil, reduced N2O emissions, and had little influence on nitrogen retention, nitrogen density, and CO2 emissions. The S and C1 increased NH4^＋-N content, and C2 increased NO3^--N content. Both S and C1 had little influence on soil organic carbon density （SOCD） and C/N ratio. However, C2 greatly increased SOCD and C/N ratio. C1 and C2 significantly improved the soil carbon sequestration （SCS） by 62.9 and 214.0% （P〈0.05）, respectively, while S had no influence on SCS. C1 and C2 maintained the stability of super rice yield, and significantly reduced CH4 emissions, global warming potential （GWP）, and greenhouse gas intensity （GHGI）, whereas S had the opposite and negative effects. In summary, the biochar amendments in cold waterlogged paddy soils of North China increased soil nitrogen and carbon content, improved soil carbon sequestration, and reduced GHG emission without affecting the yield of super rice. 展开更多
关键词 biochar straw paddy field nitrogen form carbon sequestration greenhouse gas emission rice yield
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Effects of Long-Term Winter Planted Green Manure on Distribution and Storage of Organic Carbon and Nitrogen in Water-Stable Aggregates of Reddish Paddy Soil Under a Double-Rice Cropping System 认领 引用 被引量：47
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作者 YANG Zeng-ping ZHENG Sheng-xian +2 位作者 NIE Jun LIAO Yu-lin XIE Jian 《Journal of Integrative Agriculture》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2014年第8期1772-1781,共10页
In agricultural systems, maintenance of soil organic matter has long been recognized as a strategy to reduce soil degradation. Manure amendments and green manures are management practices that can increase some nutrie... In agricultural systems, maintenance of soil organic matter has long been recognized as a strategy to reduce soil degradation. Manure amendments and green manures are management practices that can increase some nutrient contents and improve soil aggregation. We investigated the effects of 28 yr of winter planted green manure on soil aggregate-size distribution and aggregateassociated carbon（C） and nitrogen（N）. The study was a randomized completed block design with three replicates. The treatments included rice-rice-fallow, rice-rice-rape, rice-rice-Chinese milk vetch and rice-rice-ryegrass. The experiment was established in 1982 on a silty light clayey paddy soil derived from Quaternary red clay（classified as Fe-Accumuli-Stagnic Anthrosols） with continuous early and late rice. In 2009, soil samples were collected（0-15 cm depth） from the field treatment plots and separated into water-stable aggregates of different sizes（i.e., 〉5, 2-5, 1-2, 0.5-1, 0.25-0.5 and 〈0.25 mm） by wet sieving. The long-term winter planted green manure significantly increased total C and N, and the formation of the 2-5-mm water-stable aggregate fraction. Compared with rice-rice-rape, rice-rice-Chinese milk vetch and rice-rice-ryegrass, the rice-rice-fallow significantly reduced 2-5-mm water-stable aggregates, with a significant redistribution of aggregates into micro-aggregates. Long-term winter planted green manure obviously improved C/N ratio and macro-aggregate-associated C and N. The highest contribution to soil fertility was from macro-aggregates of 2-5 mm in most cases. 展开更多
关键词 green manure organic carbon reddish paddy soil total nitrogen water-stable aggregates
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Effects of long-term straw return on soil organic carbon fractions and enzyme activities in a double-cropped rice paddy in South China 认领 引用 被引量：44
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作者 HUANG Wan WU Jian-fu +5 位作者 PAN Xiao-hua TAN Xue-ming ZENG Yong-jun SHI Qing-hua LIU Tao-ju ZENG Yan-hua 《Journal of Integrative Agriculture》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2021年第1期236-247,共12页
Long-term straw return is an important carbon source for improving soil organic carbon(SOC) stocks in croplands, and straw removal through burning is also a common practice in open fields in South China. However, the ... Long-term straw return is an important carbon source for improving soil organic carbon(SOC) stocks in croplands, and straw removal through burning is also a common practice in open fields in South China. However, the specific effects of long-term rice straw management on SOC fractions, the related enzyme activities and their relationships, and whether these effects differ between crop growing seasons remain unknown. Three treatments with equal nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium nutrient inputs, including straw/ash and chemical nutrients, were established to compare the effects of straw removal(CK), straw return(SR), and straw burned return(SBR). Compared to CK, long-term SR tended to improve the yield of early season rice(P=0.057), and significantly increased total organic carbon(TOC) and microbial biomass carbon(MBC) in double-cropped rice paddies. While SBR had no effect on TOC, it decreased light fraction organic carbon(LFOC) in early rice and easily oxidizable organic carbon(EOC) in late rice, significantly increased dissolved organic carbon(DOC), and significantly decreased soil p H. These results showed that MBC was the most sensitive indicator for assessing changes of SOC in the double-cropped rice system due to long-term straw return. In addition, the different effects on SOC fraction sizes between SR and SBR were attributed to the divergent trends in most of the soil enzyme activities in the early and late rice that mainly altered DOC, while DOC was positively affected by β-xylosidase in both early and late rice. We concluded that straw return was superior to straw burned return for improving SOC fractions, but the negative effects on soil enzyme activities in late rice require further research. 展开更多
关键词 double-cropped rice paddy system straw return straw burned return SOC fractions soil enzyme activities
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Effects of Long-Term Winter Planted Green Manure on Physical Properties of Reddish Paddy Soil Under a Double-Rice Cropping System 认领 引用 被引量：48
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作者 YANG Zeng-ping XU Ming-gang +4 位作者 ZHENG Sheng-xian NIE Jun GAO Ju-sheng LIAO Yu-lin XIE Jian 《Journal of Integrative Agriculture》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2012年第4期655-664,共10页
Soil physical properties are important indicators of the potential for agricultural production.Our objective was to evaluate the effects of long-term inputs of green manures on physical properties of a reddish paddy s... Soil physical properties are important indicators of the potential for agricultural production.Our objective was to evaluate the effects of long-term inputs of green manures on physical properties of a reddish paddy soil（Fe-Typic Hapli-Stagnic Anthrosols） under a double cropping system.The common cropping pattern before the study was early-late rice-fallow（winter）.The field treatments included rice-rice-fallow（R-R-WF）,rice-rice-rape（R-R-RP）,rice-rice-Chinese milk vetch（RR-MV）,and rice-rice-ryegrass（R-R-RG）.The rape,Chinese milk vetch and ryegrass were all incorporated as green manures 15 d before early rice transplanting during the following year.The soil bulk density in all green manure treatments was significantly reduced compared with the winter fallow treatment.Soil porosity with green manure applications was significantly higher than that under the winter fallow.The green manure treatments had higher 0.25-5 mm water stable aggregates and aggregates stabilities in the plow layer（0-15 cm depth） compared with the fallow treatment.The mean weight diameter（MWD） and normalized mean weight diameter（NMWD） of aggregates in the green manure treatment were larger than that with the winter fallow.Soil given green manure retained both a higher water holding capacity in the plow layer soil,and a larger volume of moisture at all matric potentials（-10,-33 and-100 kPa）.We conclude that the management of double-rice fields in southern central China should be encouraged to use green manures along with chemical fertilizers to increase SOC content,improve soil physical properties and soil fertility. 展开更多
关键词 long-term experiment soil physical property green manure reddish paddy soil
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