Modular design of complex engineering systems is a universal technology for rapid system design in the modern industrial field.Generating assembly schemes for modular engineering systems in industrial production is th...Modular design of complex engineering systems is a universal technology for rapid system design in the modern industrial field.Generating assembly schemes for modular engineering systems in industrial production is the core of achieving automation in system design.Traditional system design methods based on human experience suffer from low efficiency and poor adaptability.To enable the automatic assembly of modules for engineering systems,the performance matching and correlation between modules need to be accurately identified.Currently,general large language models,with their strong language analysis capabilities,have been applied to multiple industries.However,limited by data barriers in specific industrial field,their application in assembly of system modules is rare.Therefore,constructing high-quality domain data,fine-tuning professional large language models,and developing domain frameworks for automatic design of modular system constitute an important research direction to be explored at present.Based on the Qwen2.5 open-source large model,we utilize industrial system knowledge to construct a component library and propose a large language model for design of complex industrial system(DCI-LLM).Through the proposed low-rank adaptation(LoRA)-freeze-based“local-collaborative”fine-tuning method which combines local module and global knowledge of the system,DCI-LLM automatically generates system composition schemes and produces the related engineering drawings given system design requirements.We use the scheme design of heating systems as an example to verify the effectiveness of the proposed framework.Experimental results show that the fine-tuned DCI-LLM model achieves accuracy rates of 93.4%and 89.3%in answering questions about module knowledge and global knowledge,respectively.Moreover,scores from professional engineers indicate that DCI-LLM has practical application potential in scheme design of complex modular systems.Our work demonstrates that LLMs have significant application prospects in the field of automatic scheme design for complex industrial systems.展开更多
Driven by the dual objectives of agricultural green transition and carbon neutrality,new energy agricultural machinery has emerged as a pivotal solution to replace traditional fuel-powered equipment while enhancing en...Driven by the dual objectives of agricultural green transition and carbon neutrality,new energy agricultural machinery has emerged as a pivotal solution to replace traditional fuel-powered equipment while enhancing energy efficiency in farming.This study investigates powertrain systems for new energy agricultural machinery,analyzing design characteristics of mainstream technologies,including pure electric,hybrid,and clean fuel systems.Through critical design phases such as core component matching,drive configuration optimization,and energy management strategy formulation,the research proposes multidimensional energy efficiency enhancement methods tailored to operational conditions.Experimental validation confirms the feasibility and efficiency improvements of proposed designs.Results demonstrate that optimized powertrain systems with intelligent energy management can reduce energy consumption by 15-25%and increase operational efficiency by over 10%during typical tasks like plowing,rotary tilling,and transportation.Addressing existing challenges such as inadequate core technology compatibility and efficiency bottlenecks,the study offers technical breakthrough recommendations and industrial development strategies,providing theoretical references and practical pathways for advancing new energy agricultural machinery research and promotion.展开更多
Cyber-physical system(CPS)is a networked,intelligent system that tightly integrates physical systems with cutting-edge information technologies to achieve efficient and secure operations.It is widely regarded as a cor...Cyber-physical system(CPS)is a networked,intelligent system that tightly integrates physical systems with cutting-edge information technologies to achieve efficient and secure operations.It is widely regarded as a cor-nerstone of the Fourth Industrial Revolution.The global energy industry is undergoing a period of profound change marked by large-scale integration of renewable energy,multi-energy synergy,and the proliferation of distributed energy resources,which in turn heightens energy system complexity and uncertainty,creating sig-nificant challenges for system design and operation.Cyber-physical energy system(CPES)-a CPS tailored to the energy sector-provides a digital-physical infrastructure for efficient,secure production and consumption of energy under uncertainty,which offers a comprehensive solution for system design and operation.This pa-per presents a conceptual framework for CPES,outlines the typical structure and design/operation paradigms,and reports on an operational pilot implementation project.It further identifies key challenges in modeling and design,scheduling,control,as well as safety and security as priorities for future research.展开更多
Environmental protection projects face challenges in electrical commissioning and weak current system design,including multi-system coordination,extreme environment adaptation,and dynamic risk management.Guided by the...Environmental protection projects face challenges in electrical commissioning and weak current system design,including multi-system coordination,extreme environment adaptation,and dynamic risk management.Guided by the Technical Specifications for Intelligent Buildings and Weak Current Systems(GB/T 50314-2023),this study proposes a full lifecycle management framework integrating redundant design,modular optimization,and IoT-based real-time monitoring.A fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model quantifies risk levels,enhancing system reliability and energy efficiency.BIM and data-driven methods optimize design-installation coordination,while dynamic data asset management and risk early warning systems improve operational robustness.Future research should focus on AI-driven automation and blockchain applications to advance intelligent and sustainable technical management.展开更多
In order to provide relay communication supports for future Chinese lunar exploration program,Queqiao-2 relay communication satellite was developed.Queqiao-2 can perform scientific observations with three kinds of sci...In order to provide relay communication supports for future Chinese lunar exploration program,Queqiao-2 relay communication satellite was developed.Queqiao-2 can perform scientific observations with three kinds of scientific instruments on board.The system design of Queqiao-2,including mission orbit and transfer orbit design,configuration and layout design,housekeeping and information flow design,power supply and distribution design,GNC and propulsion system design,communication links design,etc.,was accomplished through comprehensive tradeoff and evaluation on technical maturity,availability,schedule,cost,and so on.With a view to reducing development risk,both the platform and relay communication payloads were developed based on significant heritage from previous Queqiao relay satellite and other relevant spacecraft.Queqiao-2 features flexible system architecture to support multiple frequencies,modulations,data rates and software reconfigurations to meet new user requirements.Subsequent to a successful launch on March 20,2024,by means of 5 orbit maneuvers,Queqiao-2 was inserted into a highly elliptical frozen mission orbit around the moon with a 24h period on schedule.Following on-orbit tests and calibrations,Queqiao-2 has possessed the capacity to provide reliable relay communication services to multiple lunar exploration missions,as well as the capacity to perform scientific observations.Under the support of Queqiao-2,Chang′e-6 achieved its ambitious mission goal to collect and return samples from the moon′s mysterious far side.In the meanwhile,Queqiao-2 has also paved the way for the following Chinese lunar exploration missions including Chang′e-7 and Chang′e-8.The design life time of Queqiao-2 is more than 8 years.Benefit from flexibility and extensibility of relay communication system design,it is convenient to provide relay communication services for future lunar exploration missions of both China and other countries.In addition,innovative scientific observations would be performed during the period that no relay communication task is arranged.The system design of Queqiao-2 reflects the development philosophy of technical innovations and inheritance integration.Based on highly flexible and extensible system architecture,multiple and concurrent relay communication mission requirements can be met.It can provide strong supports for future lunar exploration missions.Successful launching,orbit entering and on-orbit tests of Queqiao-2 verified the correct design principle and versatility.By means of Queqiao-2,more innovative scientific outcomes are anticipated and lunar exploration activities can be facilitated.展开更多
The Drag-Free and Attitude Control System(DFACS)is a critical platform for various space missions,including high precision satellite navigation,geoscience and gravity field measurement,and space scientific experiments...The Drag-Free and Attitude Control System(DFACS)is a critical platform for various space missions,including high precision satellite navigation,geoscience and gravity field measurement,and space scientific experiments.This paper presents a comprehensive review of over sixty years of research on the design and dynamics model of DFACS.Firstly,we examine the open literature on DFACS and its applications in Drag-Free missions,providing readers with necessary background information on the field.Secondly,we analyze the system configurations and main characteristics of different DFACSs,paying particular attention to the coupling mechanism between the system configuration and dynamics model.Thirdly,we summarize the dynamics modeling methods and main dynamics models of DFACS from multiple perspectives,including common fundamentals and specific applications.Lastly,we identify current challenges and technological difficulties in the system design and dynamics modeling of DFACS,while suggesting potential avenues for future research.This paper aims to provide readers with a comprehensive understanding of the state-of-the-art in DFACS research,as well as the future prospects and challenges in this field.展开更多
Non-obstacle design is critical to tailor physically handicapped workers in manufacturing system.Simultaneous consideration of variability in physically disabled users,machines and environment of the manufacturing sys...Non-obstacle design is critical to tailor physically handicapped workers in manufacturing system.Simultaneous consideration of variability in physically disabled users,machines and environment of the manufacturing system is extremely complex and generally requires modeling of physically handicapped interaction with the system.Most current modeling either concentrates on the task results or functional disability.The integration of physical constraints with task constraints is far more complex because of functional disability and its extended influence on adjacent body parts.A framework is proposed to integrate the two constraints and thus model the specific behavior of the physical handicapped in virtual environment generated by product specifications.Within the framework a simplified model of physical disabled body is constructed,and body motion is generated based on 3 levels of constraints(effecter constraints,kinematics constraints and physical constraints).The kinematics and dynamic calculations are made and optimized based on the weighting manipulated by the kinematics constraints and dynamic constraints.With object transferring task as example,the model is validated in Jack 6.0.Modelled task motion elements except for squatting and overreaching well matched with captured motion elements.The proposed modeling method can model the complex behavior of the physically handicapped by integrating both task and physical disability constraints.展开更多
This paper attempts to set a unified scene for various linear time-invariant (LTI) control system design schemes, by transforming the existing concept of “computer-aided control system design” (CACSD) to novel “com...This paper attempts to set a unified scene for various linear time-invariant (LTI) control system design schemes, by transforming the existing concept of “computer-aided control system design” (CACSD) to novel “computer-automated control system design” (CAutoCSD). The first step towards this goal is to accommodate, under practical constraints, various design objectives that are desirable in both time and frequency domains. Such performance-prioritised unification is aimed at relieving practising engineers from having to select a particular control scheme and from sacrificing certain performance goals resulting from pre-commitment to such schemes. With recent progress in evolutionary computing based extra-numeric, multi-criterion search and optimisation techniques, such unification of LTI control schemes becomes feasible, analytical and practical, and the resultant designs can be creative. The techniques developed are applied to, and illustrated by, three design problems. The unified approach automatically provides an integrator for zero-steady state error in velocity control of a DC motor, and meets multiple objectives in the design of an LTI controller for a non-minimum phase plant and offers a high-performance LTI controller network for a non-linear chemical process.展开更多
Geographic Hypermedia(GH)is a rich and interactive map document with geo-tagged graphics,sound and video ele-ments.A Geographic Hypermedia System(GHS)is designed to manage,query,display and explore GH resources.Recogn...Geographic Hypermedia(GH)is a rich and interactive map document with geo-tagged graphics,sound and video ele-ments.A Geographic Hypermedia System(GHS)is designed to manage,query,display and explore GH resources.Recognizing emerging geo-tagged videos and measurable images as valuable geographic data resources,this paper aims to design a web-based GHS using web mapping,geoprocessing,video streaming and XMLHTTP services.The concept,data model,system design and implementation of this GHS are discussed in detail.Geo-tagged videos are modeled as temporal,spatial and metadata entities such as video clip,video path and frame-based descriptions.Similarly,geo-tagged stereo video and derived data are modeled as interre-lated entities:original video,rectified video,stereo video,video path,frame-based description and measurable image(rectified and disparity image with baseline,interior and exterior parameters).The entity data are organized into video files,GIS layers with linear referencing and XML documents for web publishing.These data can be integrated in HTML pages or used as Rich Internet Appli-cations(RIA)using standard web technologies such as the AJAX,ASP.NET and RIA frameworks.An SOA-based GHS is designed using four types of web services:ArcGIS Server 9.3 web mapping and geoprocessing services,Flash FMS 3.0 video streaming ser-vices and GeoRSS XMLHTTP services.GHS applications in road facility management and campus hypermapping indicate that the GH data models and technical solutions introduced in this paper are useful and flexible enough for wider deployment as a GHS.展开更多
Complex engineered systems are often difficult to analyze and design due to the tangled interdependencies among their subsystems and components. Conventional design methods often need exact modeling or accurate struct...Complex engineered systems are often difficult to analyze and design due to the tangled interdependencies among their subsystems and components. Conventional design methods often need exact modeling or accurate structure decomposition, which limits their practical application. The rapid expansion of data makes utilizing data to guide and improve system design indispensable in practical engineering. In this paper, a data driven uncertainty evaluation approach is proposed to support the design of complex engineered systems. The core of the approach is a data-mining based uncertainty evaluation method that predicts the uncertainty level of a specific system design by means of analyzing association relations along different system attributes and synthesizing the information entropy of the covered attribute areas, and a quantitative measure of system uncertainty can be obtained accordingly. Monte Carlo simulation is introduced to get the uncertainty extrema, and the possible data distributions under different situations is discussed in detail The uncertainty values can be normalized using the simulation results and the values can be used to evaluate different system designs. A prototype system is established, and two case studies have been carded out. The case of an inverted pendulum system validates the effectiveness of the proposed method, and the case of an oil sump design shows the practicability when two or more design plans need to be compared. This research can be used to evaluate the uncertainty of complex engineered systems completely relying on data, and is ideally suited for plan selection and performance analysis in system design.展开更多
This paper presented a design of an automatic lifting system. It is used for large load powered support and improves the old method wherein powered support lifting depends on manual control. This system applies a high...This paper presented a design of an automatic lifting system. It is used for large load powered support and improves the old method wherein powered support lifting depends on manual control. This system applies a high accuracy gear shunt motor to match the flow for 4 lifting cylinders, and also allocates bypass throttles to realize automatic lifting. Through the dis- placement sensor feedback the height deviation among 4 lifting cylinders during the whole lifting process, when the deviation is up to the sitting value, the corresponding bypass throttle is operated immediately to reduce the deviation, so that the moving platform of the powered support would not be stuck. Through real application, it is shown that this system can realize automatic lifting of powered support; the lifting speed is controlled between 5 and 10 mm/s, and the final aligning accuracy is up to 1 mm.展开更多
This paper introduced the design of the hybrid powertrain of the Fuel Cell City Bus demonstrated in 2008 Beijing Olympic Games. The configuration of the hybrid fuel cell powertrain was introduced. The safety of hydrog...This paper introduced the design of the hybrid powertrain of the Fuel Cell City Bus demonstrated in 2008 Beijing Olympic Games. The configuration of the hybrid fuel cell powertrain was introduced. The safety of hydrogen storage and delivery system, the hydrogen leakage alarm system were developed. The real-time distributed control and diagnosis system based on the Time Trigger Controller Area Network (TTCAN) with 10 ms basic control period was developed. The concept and implementation of processor (or controller) monitor and process (or task) monitor technique based on the TYCAN were applied in this paper. The fault tolerant control algorithm of the fuel cell engine and the battery man- agement system were considered. The demonstration experience verified that the fault tolerant control was very important for the fuel cell city bus.展开更多
Embedded system design is the core course of the telecommunication major in engineering universities,which combines software and hardware through embedded development boards.Aiming at the problems existing in traditio...Embedded system design is the core course of the telecommunication major in engineering universities,which combines software and hardware through embedded development boards.Aiming at the problems existing in traditional teaching,this paper proposes curriculum teaching reform based on the outcome-based education(OBE)concept,including determining course objectives,reforming teaching modes and methods,and improving the curriculum assessment and evaluation system.After two semesters of practice,this method not only enhances students’learning initiative but also improves teaching quality.展开更多
This paper investigates the impact of financial system design on investment. It is aimed to provide additional empirical evidence based on the original paper by Demirguc-Kunt and Maksimovic (2002). The firm-level da...This paper investigates the impact of financial system design on investment. It is aimed to provide additional empirical evidence based on the original paper by Demirguc-Kunt and Maksimovic (2002). The firm-level data of Malaysian companies between 2000 and 2007 are used. This paper also extends the previous literatures by using a panel data methodology, applying a random-effects estimator. The findings show that: First, the growth investment of firms are positively related to the development of the banking system but negatively related to the capital market. These firms substitute equity for debt associated with an increase in stock market activity (more long-term financing) and debt for equity in the presence of an increase in banking activity (less long-term financing). Second, the internal growth financing, short-term growth financing and long-term growth financing have shown a significant impact on growth investment by firms. It implies that these financing constraints are complements to the development of banking system and stock market activity. Therefore, well-developed stock markets facilitate long-term financing, whereas a well-developed banking sector facilitates short-term financing. It is recommended that policy makers stress more on banking system for short-term financing and capital market for long-term financing.展开更多
This paper is on control system design for visual based indoor inspection by the model helicopters. For the indoor inspection system for large structures, there are some cases where it is difficult for htunans to work...This paper is on control system design for visual based indoor inspection by the model helicopters. For the indoor inspection system for large structures, there are some cases where it is difficult for htunans to work with. This paper introduces indoor inspection helicopter system with only inspection camera and prism for position sensing as payload. The control system is designed to help the operator of the inspection system to control the helicopter to designated position without much practice. The cases of the control by experienced and novice operators are compared and results show that the system has feasibility for indoor inspection system to be used by any kind of users.展开更多
An electromagnet design system is developed using Visual C++ language and OpenGL technology to visualize parametric 3D model. The system consists of primary design, optimization design, dynamic and static characterist...An electromagnet design system is developed using Visual C++ language and OpenGL technology to visualize parametric 3D model. The system consists of primary design, optimization design, dynamic and static characteristics, and visual simulation. All empirical parameters and curves used in design process are stored in database. Through human-computer interactions, an electromagnetic system can be designed conveniently with the results and characteristics curves displayed in graphic model. Using this system can greatly shorten the process of product design, and the results satisfy technical requirements.展开更多
Engineering practice is the key bridge between college education and actual work in the industry.In order to deliver qualified talents with engineering quality to the industry,this paper explores integrating software ...Engineering practice is the key bridge between college education and actual work in the industry.In order to deliver qualified talents with engineering quality to the industry,this paper explores integrating software engineering thinking into the Embedded System Design course.A practical and effective teaching mode is designed consisting of immersive learning,case-based learning,progressive practice,interactive learning,and autonomous learning.Through this teaching mode,multi-levels of closed-loop have been established including final project cycle closed-loop,testing cycle closed-loop,and product cycle closed-loop.During this process,students gradually transition to putting forward product requirements,carrying out design and development,thinking and solving problems,collaborating,and assuring quality from the perspective of software engineering.The practice results show that students’engineering quality has been significantly improved.展开更多
The Internet of Things technology has inherent advantages in the collection and rapid processing of information. Information management and maintenance of the warehouse through the management, collection and processin...The Internet of Things technology has inherent advantages in the collection and rapid processing of information. Information management and maintenance of the warehouse through the management, collection and processing of the internal information flow of the warehouse, the equipment mainly introduces the following application fields: Internet of Things feature information identification technology, electronic technology, biochemical feature information identification technology, information processing technology, and computer information technology as well as network mobile communication information technology, network mobile communication information technology, statistical analysis and other technical combinations, to maintain the intelligence collection objects of the workshop, and then use the network to collect information. Information is transmitted to the management layer to form a stored intelligent management and control system. The intelligent management and control system of the subway warehouse introduces the information required for on-site operations to perform more detailed maintenance, while ensuring fast and preserved maintenance data, analyzes the deterioration from all angles, and can master the necessary maintenance vehicles and equipment. Warning, realized the transition from "preventive maintenance" to "conditional correction" of wear and aging of parts.展开更多
Green energy conservation is the mainstream trend in the current development of the construction industry.The application of energy-saving technology in building electrical system design can effectively reduce energy ...Green energy conservation is the mainstream trend in the current development of the construction industry.The application of energy-saving technology in building electrical system design can effectively reduce energy consumption,avoid unnecessary energy consumption,and truly achieve energy conservation and environmental protection.Based on this,the article elaborates on the principles of energy-saving design in building electrical systems,and actively explores the application of energy-saving technologies from different perspectives such as optimizing power supply and distribution system design,adopting high-efficiency energy-saving lighting equipment,applying renewable energy,promoting smart home technology,and improving the efficiency of building electrical equipment.展开更多
There has been an increasing interest in integrating decision support systems (DSS) and expert systems (ES) to provide decision makers a more accessible, productive and domain-independent information and computing env...There has been an increasing interest in integrating decision support systems (DSS) and expert systems (ES) to provide decision makers a more accessible, productive and domain-independent information and computing environment. This paper is aimed at designing a multiple expert systems integrated decision support system (MESIDSS) to enhance decision makers' ability in more complex cases. The basic framework, management system of multiple ESs, and functions of MESIDSS are presented. The applications of MESIDSS in large-scale decision making processes are discussed from the following aspects of problem decomposing, dynamic combination of multiple ESs, link of multiple bases and decision coordinating. Finally, a summary and some ideas for the future are presented.展开更多
摘要Modular design of complex engineering systems is a universal technology for rapid system design in the modern industrial field.Generating assembly schemes for modular engineering systems in industrial production is the core of achieving automation in system design.Traditional system design methods based on human experience suffer from low efficiency and poor adaptability.To enable the automatic assembly of modules for engineering systems,the performance matching and correlation between modules need to be accurately identified.Currently,general large language models,with their strong language analysis capabilities,have been applied to multiple industries.However,limited by data barriers in specific industrial field,their application in assembly of system modules is rare.Therefore,constructing high-quality domain data,fine-tuning professional large language models,and developing domain frameworks for automatic design of modular system constitute an important research direction to be explored at present.Based on the Qwen2.5 open-source large model,we utilize industrial system knowledge to construct a component library and propose a large language model for design of complex industrial system(DCI-LLM).Through the proposed low-rank adaptation(LoRA)-freeze-based“local-collaborative”fine-tuning method which combines local module and global knowledge of the system,DCI-LLM automatically generates system composition schemes and produces the related engineering drawings given system design requirements.We use the scheme design of heating systems as an example to verify the effectiveness of the proposed framework.Experimental results show that the fine-tuned DCI-LLM model achieves accuracy rates of 93.4%and 89.3%in answering questions about module knowledge and global knowledge,respectively.Moreover,scores from professional engineers indicate that DCI-LLM has practical application potential in scheme design of complex modular systems.Our work demonstrates that LLMs have significant application prospects in the field of automatic scheme design for complex industrial systems.
摘要Driven by the dual objectives of agricultural green transition and carbon neutrality,new energy agricultural machinery has emerged as a pivotal solution to replace traditional fuel-powered equipment while enhancing energy efficiency in farming.This study investigates powertrain systems for new energy agricultural machinery,analyzing design characteristics of mainstream technologies,including pure electric,hybrid,and clean fuel systems.Through critical design phases such as core component matching,drive configuration optimization,and energy management strategy formulation,the research proposes multidimensional energy efficiency enhancement methods tailored to operational conditions.Experimental validation confirms the feasibility and efficiency improvements of proposed designs.Results demonstrate that optimized powertrain systems with intelligent energy management can reduce energy consumption by 15-25%and increase operational efficiency by over 10%during typical tasks like plowing,rotary tilling,and transportation.Addressing existing challenges such as inadequate core technology compatibility and efficiency bottlenecks,the study offers technical breakthrough recommendations and industrial development strategies,providing theoretical references and practical pathways for advancing new energy agricultural machinery research and promotion.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Devel-opment Program of China(2022YFA1004600)the National Nat-ural Science Foundation of China(62192750,62192752,62373294,624B2111).
摘要Cyber-physical system(CPS)is a networked,intelligent system that tightly integrates physical systems with cutting-edge information technologies to achieve efficient and secure operations.It is widely regarded as a cor-nerstone of the Fourth Industrial Revolution.The global energy industry is undergoing a period of profound change marked by large-scale integration of renewable energy,multi-energy synergy,and the proliferation of distributed energy resources,which in turn heightens energy system complexity and uncertainty,creating sig-nificant challenges for system design and operation.Cyber-physical energy system(CPES)-a CPS tailored to the energy sector-provides a digital-physical infrastructure for efficient,secure production and consumption of energy under uncertainty,which offers a comprehensive solution for system design and operation.This pa-per presents a conceptual framework for CPES,outlines the typical structure and design/operation paradigms,and reports on an operational pilot implementation project.It further identifies key challenges in modeling and design,scheduling,control,as well as safety and security as priorities for future research.
摘要Environmental protection projects face challenges in electrical commissioning and weak current system design,including multi-system coordination,extreme environment adaptation,and dynamic risk management.Guided by the Technical Specifications for Intelligent Buildings and Weak Current Systems(GB/T 50314-2023),this study proposes a full lifecycle management framework integrating redundant design,modular optimization,and IoT-based real-time monitoring.A fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model quantifies risk levels,enhancing system reliability and energy efficiency.BIM and data-driven methods optimize design-installation coordination,while dynamic data asset management and risk early warning systems improve operational robustness.Future research should focus on AI-driven automation and blockchain applications to advance intelligent and sustainable technical management.
摘要In order to provide relay communication supports for future Chinese lunar exploration program,Queqiao-2 relay communication satellite was developed.Queqiao-2 can perform scientific observations with three kinds of scientific instruments on board.The system design of Queqiao-2,including mission orbit and transfer orbit design,configuration and layout design,housekeeping and information flow design,power supply and distribution design,GNC and propulsion system design,communication links design,etc.,was accomplished through comprehensive tradeoff and evaluation on technical maturity,availability,schedule,cost,and so on.With a view to reducing development risk,both the platform and relay communication payloads were developed based on significant heritage from previous Queqiao relay satellite and other relevant spacecraft.Queqiao-2 features flexible system architecture to support multiple frequencies,modulations,data rates and software reconfigurations to meet new user requirements.Subsequent to a successful launch on March 20,2024,by means of 5 orbit maneuvers,Queqiao-2 was inserted into a highly elliptical frozen mission orbit around the moon with a 24h period on schedule.Following on-orbit tests and calibrations,Queqiao-2 has possessed the capacity to provide reliable relay communication services to multiple lunar exploration missions,as well as the capacity to perform scientific observations.Under the support of Queqiao-2,Chang′e-6 achieved its ambitious mission goal to collect and return samples from the moon′s mysterious far side.In the meanwhile,Queqiao-2 has also paved the way for the following Chinese lunar exploration missions including Chang′e-7 and Chang′e-8.The design life time of Queqiao-2 is more than 8 years.Benefit from flexibility and extensibility of relay communication system design,it is convenient to provide relay communication services for future lunar exploration missions of both China and other countries.In addition,innovative scientific observations would be performed during the period that no relay communication task is arranged.The system design of Queqiao-2 reflects the development philosophy of technical innovations and inheritance integration.Based on highly flexible and extensible system architecture,multiple and concurrent relay communication mission requirements can be met.It can provide strong supports for future lunar exploration missions.Successful launching,orbit entering and on-orbit tests of Queqiao-2 verified the correct design principle and versatility.By means of Queqiao-2,more innovative scientific outcomes are anticipated and lunar exploration activities can be facilitated.
基金This research was supported by National Key R&D Program of China:Gravitational Wave Detection Project,China(Nos.2021YFC2202601,2021YFC2202603)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12172288).
摘要The Drag-Free and Attitude Control System(DFACS)is a critical platform for various space missions,including high precision satellite navigation,geoscience and gravity field measurement,and space scientific experiments.This paper presents a comprehensive review of over sixty years of research on the design and dynamics model of DFACS.Firstly,we examine the open literature on DFACS and its applications in Drag-Free missions,providing readers with necessary background information on the field.Secondly,we analyze the system configurations and main characteristics of different DFACSs,paying particular attention to the coupling mechanism between the system configuration and dynamics model.Thirdly,we summarize the dynamics modeling methods and main dynamics models of DFACS from multiple perspectives,including common fundamentals and specific applications.Lastly,we identify current challenges and technological difficulties in the system design and dynamics modeling of DFACS,while suggesting potential avenues for future research.This paper aims to provide readers with a comprehensive understanding of the state-of-the-art in DFACS research,as well as the future prospects and challenges in this field.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.60975058)
摘要Non-obstacle design is critical to tailor physically handicapped workers in manufacturing system.Simultaneous consideration of variability in physically disabled users,machines and environment of the manufacturing system is extremely complex and generally requires modeling of physically handicapped interaction with the system.Most current modeling either concentrates on the task results or functional disability.The integration of physical constraints with task constraints is far more complex because of functional disability and its extended influence on adjacent body parts.A framework is proposed to integrate the two constraints and thus model the specific behavior of the physical handicapped in virtual environment generated by product specifications.Within the framework a simplified model of physical disabled body is constructed,and body motion is generated based on 3 levels of constraints(effecter constraints,kinematics constraints and physical constraints).The kinematics and dynamic calculations are made and optimized based on the weighting manipulated by the kinematics constraints and dynamic constraints.With object transferring task as example,the model is validated in Jack 6.0.Modelled task motion elements except for squatting and overreaching well matched with captured motion elements.The proposed modeling method can model the complex behavior of the physically handicapped by integrating both task and physical disability constraints.
摘要This paper attempts to set a unified scene for various linear time-invariant (LTI) control system design schemes, by transforming the existing concept of “computer-aided control system design” (CACSD) to novel “computer-automated control system design” (CAutoCSD). The first step towards this goal is to accommodate, under practical constraints, various design objectives that are desirable in both time and frequency domains. Such performance-prioritised unification is aimed at relieving practising engineers from having to select a particular control scheme and from sacrificing certain performance goals resulting from pre-commitment to such schemes. With recent progress in evolutionary computing based extra-numeric, multi-criterion search and optimisation techniques, such unification of LTI control schemes becomes feasible, analytical and practical, and the resultant designs can be creative. The techniques developed are applied to, and illustrated by, three design problems. The unified approach automatically provides an integrator for zero-steady state error in velocity control of a DC motor, and meets multiple objectives in the design of an LTI controller for a non-minimum phase plant and offers a high-performance LTI controller network for a non-linear chemical process.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.40771166 )the Henan University Foundation (No.SBGJ090605)
摘要Geographic Hypermedia(GH)is a rich and interactive map document with geo-tagged graphics,sound and video ele-ments.A Geographic Hypermedia System(GHS)is designed to manage,query,display and explore GH resources.Recognizing emerging geo-tagged videos and measurable images as valuable geographic data resources,this paper aims to design a web-based GHS using web mapping,geoprocessing,video streaming and XMLHTTP services.The concept,data model,system design and implementation of this GHS are discussed in detail.Geo-tagged videos are modeled as temporal,spatial and metadata entities such as video clip,video path and frame-based descriptions.Similarly,geo-tagged stereo video and derived data are modeled as interre-lated entities:original video,rectified video,stereo video,video path,frame-based description and measurable image(rectified and disparity image with baseline,interior and exterior parameters).The entity data are organized into video files,GIS layers with linear referencing and XML documents for web publishing.These data can be integrated in HTML pages or used as Rich Internet Appli-cations(RIA)using standard web technologies such as the AJAX,ASP.NET and RIA frameworks.An SOA-based GHS is designed using four types of web services:ArcGIS Server 9.3 web mapping and geoprocessing services,Flash FMS 3.0 video streaming ser-vices and GeoRSS XMLHTTP services.GHS applications in road facility management and campus hypermapping indicate that the GH data models and technical solutions introduced in this paper are useful and flexible enough for wider deployment as a GHS.
基金Supported by National Hi-tech Research and Development Program of China(863 Program,Grant No.2015AA042101)
摘要Complex engineered systems are often difficult to analyze and design due to the tangled interdependencies among their subsystems and components. Conventional design methods often need exact modeling or accurate structure decomposition, which limits their practical application. The rapid expansion of data makes utilizing data to guide and improve system design indispensable in practical engineering. In this paper, a data driven uncertainty evaluation approach is proposed to support the design of complex engineered systems. The core of the approach is a data-mining based uncertainty evaluation method that predicts the uncertainty level of a specific system design by means of analyzing association relations along different system attributes and synthesizing the information entropy of the covered attribute areas, and a quantitative measure of system uncertainty can be obtained accordingly. Monte Carlo simulation is introduced to get the uncertainty extrema, and the possible data distributions under different situations is discussed in detail The uncertainty values can be normalized using the simulation results and the values can be used to evaluate different system designs. A prototype system is established, and two case studies have been carded out. The case of an inverted pendulum system validates the effectiveness of the proposed method, and the case of an oil sump design shows the practicability when two or more design plans need to be compared. This research can be used to evaluate the uncertainty of complex engineered systems completely relying on data, and is ideally suited for plan selection and performance analysis in system design.
摘要This paper presented a design of an automatic lifting system. It is used for large load powered support and improves the old method wherein powered support lifting depends on manual control. This system applies a high accuracy gear shunt motor to match the flow for 4 lifting cylinders, and also allocates bypass throttles to realize automatic lifting. Through the dis- placement sensor feedback the height deviation among 4 lifting cylinders during the whole lifting process, when the deviation is up to the sitting value, the corresponding bypass throttle is operated immediately to reduce the deviation, so that the moving platform of the powered support would not be stuck. Through real application, it is shown that this system can realize automatic lifting of powered support; the lifting speed is controlled between 5 and 10 mm/s, and the final aligning accuracy is up to 1 mm.
摘要This paper introduced the design of the hybrid powertrain of the Fuel Cell City Bus demonstrated in 2008 Beijing Olympic Games. The configuration of the hybrid fuel cell powertrain was introduced. The safety of hydrogen storage and delivery system, the hydrogen leakage alarm system were developed. The real-time distributed control and diagnosis system based on the Time Trigger Controller Area Network (TTCAN) with 10 ms basic control period was developed. The concept and implementation of processor (or controller) monitor and process (or task) monitor technique based on the TYCAN were applied in this paper. The fault tolerant control algorithm of the fuel cell engine and the battery man- agement system were considered. The demonstration experience verified that the fault tolerant control was very important for the fuel cell city bus.
基金This paper is one of the phased achievements of the Education and Teaching Reform Project of Guangdong University of Petrochemical Engineering in 2022(71013413080)the Research and Practice Project of Teaching and Teaching Reform of University-Level Higher Vocational Education in 2023(JY202353).
摘要Embedded system design is the core course of the telecommunication major in engineering universities,which combines software and hardware through embedded development boards.Aiming at the problems existing in traditional teaching,this paper proposes curriculum teaching reform based on the outcome-based education(OBE)concept,including determining course objectives,reforming teaching modes and methods,and improving the curriculum assessment and evaluation system.After two semesters of practice,this method not only enhances students’learning initiative but also improves teaching quality.
摘要This paper investigates the impact of financial system design on investment. It is aimed to provide additional empirical evidence based on the original paper by Demirguc-Kunt and Maksimovic (2002). The firm-level data of Malaysian companies between 2000 and 2007 are used. This paper also extends the previous literatures by using a panel data methodology, applying a random-effects estimator. The findings show that: First, the growth investment of firms are positively related to the development of the banking system but negatively related to the capital market. These firms substitute equity for debt associated with an increase in stock market activity (more long-term financing) and debt for equity in the presence of an increase in banking activity (less long-term financing). Second, the internal growth financing, short-term growth financing and long-term growth financing have shown a significant impact on growth investment by firms. It implies that these financing constraints are complements to the development of banking system and stock market activity. Therefore, well-developed stock markets facilitate long-term financing, whereas a well-developed banking sector facilitates short-term financing. It is recommended that policy makers stress more on banking system for short-term financing and capital market for long-term financing.
摘要This paper is on control system design for visual based indoor inspection by the model helicopters. For the indoor inspection system for large structures, there are some cases where it is difficult for htunans to work with. This paper introduces indoor inspection helicopter system with only inspection camera and prism for position sensing as payload. The control system is designed to help the operator of the inspection system to control the helicopter to designated position without much practice. The cases of the control by experienced and novice operators are compared and results show that the system has feasibility for indoor inspection system to be used by any kind of users.
摘要An electromagnet design system is developed using Visual C++ language and OpenGL technology to visualize parametric 3D model. The system consists of primary design, optimization design, dynamic and static characteristics, and visual simulation. All empirical parameters and curves used in design process are stored in database. Through human-computer interactions, an electromagnetic system can be designed conveniently with the results and characteristics curves displayed in graphic model. Using this system can greatly shorten the process of product design, and the results satisfy technical requirements.
摘要Engineering practice is the key bridge between college education and actual work in the industry.In order to deliver qualified talents with engineering quality to the industry,this paper explores integrating software engineering thinking into the Embedded System Design course.A practical and effective teaching mode is designed consisting of immersive learning,case-based learning,progressive practice,interactive learning,and autonomous learning.Through this teaching mode,multi-levels of closed-loop have been established including final project cycle closed-loop,testing cycle closed-loop,and product cycle closed-loop.During this process,students gradually transition to putting forward product requirements,carrying out design and development,thinking and solving problems,collaborating,and assuring quality from the perspective of software engineering.The practice results show that students’engineering quality has been significantly improved.
摘要The Internet of Things technology has inherent advantages in the collection and rapid processing of information. Information management and maintenance of the warehouse through the management, collection and processing of the internal information flow of the warehouse, the equipment mainly introduces the following application fields: Internet of Things feature information identification technology, electronic technology, biochemical feature information identification technology, information processing technology, and computer information technology as well as network mobile communication information technology, network mobile communication information technology, statistical analysis and other technical combinations, to maintain the intelligence collection objects of the workshop, and then use the network to collect information. Information is transmitted to the management layer to form a stored intelligent management and control system. The intelligent management and control system of the subway warehouse introduces the information required for on-site operations to perform more detailed maintenance, while ensuring fast and preserved maintenance data, analyzes the deterioration from all angles, and can master the necessary maintenance vehicles and equipment. Warning, realized the transition from "preventive maintenance" to "conditional correction" of wear and aging of parts.
摘要Green energy conservation is the mainstream trend in the current development of the construction industry.The application of energy-saving technology in building electrical system design can effectively reduce energy consumption,avoid unnecessary energy consumption,and truly achieve energy conservation and environmental protection.Based on this,the article elaborates on the principles of energy-saving design in building electrical systems,and actively explores the application of energy-saving technologies from different perspectives such as optimizing power supply and distribution system design,adopting high-efficiency energy-saving lighting equipment,applying renewable energy,promoting smart home technology,and improving the efficiency of building electrical equipment.
摘要There has been an increasing interest in integrating decision support systems (DSS) and expert systems (ES) to provide decision makers a more accessible, productive and domain-independent information and computing environment. This paper is aimed at designing a multiple expert systems integrated decision support system (MESIDSS) to enhance decision makers' ability in more complex cases. The basic framework, management system of multiple ESs, and functions of MESIDSS are presented. The applications of MESIDSS in large-scale decision making processes are discussed from the following aspects of problem decomposing, dynamic combination of multiple ESs, link of multiple bases and decision coordinating. Finally, a summary and some ideas for the future are presented.