Magnesium hydride serves as a promising solid-state hydrogen storage material owing to its high potential.However,its practical applications are constrained by the high enthalpy of hydrogen absorption and slow kinetic...Magnesium hydride serves as a promising solid-state hydrogen storage material owing to its high potential.However,its practical applications are constrained by the high enthalpy of hydrogen absorption and slow kinetics.In this study,we prepared a Ni/Ti3O5@graphene oxide(GO)dual-heterojunction composite material via solvent heating,electrostatic adsorption,and calcination to improve the hydrogen storage capabilities of MgH2.Adding Ni/Ti3O5@GO to MgH2 lowered the initial dehydrogenation temperature of MgH2 to 183℃;at a dehydrogenation temperature of 275℃,6.4 wt.%of H2 escaped from the MgH2 bulk.In addition,the hydrogen storage material absorbed 1.8 wt.%H2 at 30℃ for 30 min.The calculated activation energy of dehydrogenation was 48.221±0.141 kJ·mol-1,which was significantly lower than that of the ball-milled MgH2(112.63±1.44 kJ·mol-1).Mechanistic analysis results revealed that the heterojunction constructed from the multiphase compound system provided a large number of active sites and hydrogen diffusion routes,resulting in a synergistic catalytic effect that enhanced the hydrogen storage capacity of MgH2.In this work,we clarified the compositions of fuzzy interfaces in heterostructured materials by conducting ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy tests and identified key composite materials for the formation of heterojunctions.展开更多
Zn-based thermal charging devices,utilizing the synergistic effect of ion thermoextraction and thermodiffusion,are able to efficiently convert thermal energy into electrical energy and storage in the devices,making th...Zn-based thermal charging devices,utilizing the synergistic effect of ion thermoextraction and thermodiffusion,are able to efficiently convert thermal energy into electrical energy and storage in the devices,making them a highly promising technology for low-grade heat recovery and utilization.However,the low output power density and energy conversion efficiency resulted by the slow diffusion kinetics of Zn2+hinder their development.Herein,we present a highperformance thermal charging cell design using Zn2+/NH4+hybrid ion electrolyte,which not only maintains the high output voltage of the Zn-based thermoelectric system,but also significantly enhances the output power density due to the fast diffusion kinetics of NH4+.Based on this strategy,the thermal charging cell displays a high thermopower of 12.5 mV K-1and an excellent normalized power density of 19.6 mW m-2K-2at a temperature difference of 35 K.The Carnot-relative efficiency is as high as 12.74%.Moreover,it can operate continuously for over 72 h when the temperature difference persists,achieving a balance between thermoelectric conversion and output.This work provides a simple and effective strategy for the design of high-performance thermal charging cells for low-grade heat conversion and utilization.展开更多
构建准确可靠的热力学数据库对提钒过程优化以及钒酸盐材料的制备具有重要的应用价值和指导意义。采用封闭铂金坩埚,结合X射线衍射(XRD)与差热分析(DTA)技术,证实了K2O-V2O5体系中K3V5O14为稳定存在的化合物,并试验...构建准确可靠的热力学数据库对提钒过程优化以及钒酸盐材料的制备具有重要的应用价值和指导意义。采用封闭铂金坩埚,结合X射线衍射(XRD)与差热分析(DTA)技术,证实了K2O-V2O5体系中K3V5O14为稳定存在的化合物,并试验测定了K2V8O21和KVO3的熔化温度分别为532.4℃和516.5℃。随后采用修正的准化学模型(MQM),引入溶液中第二相邻阳离子短程有序对描述吉布斯自由能的变化。基于CALPHAD框架(CALculation of PHAse Diagram,相图计算),构建了Na2O-K2O-V2O5体系的热力学模型,重现了Na2O-K2O-V2O5体系全组分范围的实验数据和热力学性质,获得了该体系中所有物相一系列自洽的热力学模型参数,最终构建了可靠的热力学数据库。进一步探讨了当前数据库在钒渣钠化焙烧提钒中的应用,明确了含钒物相的迁移规律,确定了最佳的操作温度窗口。展开更多
Chemical vapor deposition is the predominant method to prepare MgAl2O4fibers.However,it faces several challenges,including exorbitantly high reaction temperatures,substantial production costs,and relatively low ...Chemical vapor deposition is the predominant method to prepare MgAl2O4fibers.However,it faces several challenges,including exorbitantly high reaction temperatures,substantial production costs,and relatively low yields.In this study,porous MgAl2O4fibers were fabricated through a solid-state reaction method,utilizing MgSO4·5Mg(OH)2·3H2O whiskers as templates,mixed with either aluminum sol orα-Al2O3micropowder.The impact of various parameters on the synthesis of porous MgAl2O4fibres was systematically investigated,including the heat treatment temperature(1000,1100 and 1300℃),the holding time(3 and 10 h)and the aluminum source(aluminum sol orα-Al2O3micropowder).The results reveal that:(1)in comparison with fibers synthesized usingα-Al2O3as the aluminum source,those prepared with aluminum sol exhibit a significantly higher generation amount of MgAl2O4;(2)as the heat treatment temperature increases,Al2O3gradually reacts with MgO,continuously increasing the formation amount of porous MgAl2O4with small and uniformly distributed nanopores,and the synthesized porous MgAl2O4fibres have small and uniform nanopores;(3)the optimal synthesis process involves using aluminum sol as the aluminum source and firing at 1300℃ for 3 h.展开更多
TiO2 supports doped with different amounts of Si were prepared by a sol-gel method, and 1 wt% vanadia (V2O5) loaded on Si-doped TiO2 was obtained by an impregnation method. The mole ratio of Si/Ti was 0.2, NOx conve...TiO2 supports doped with different amounts of Si were prepared by a sol-gel method, and 1 wt% vanadia (V2O5) loaded on Si-doped TiO2 was obtained by an impregnation method. The mole ratio of Si/Ti was 0.2, NOx conversion exceeds 94% at 300℃ and GHSV of 41,324 hr-1 , which is about 20% higher than pure V2O5/TiO2 . The catalysts were characterized by XRD, BET, TEM, FT-IR, NH3-TPD, XPS, H2-TPR, Raman and in situ DRIFTS. The results of FT-IR and XPS indicated that Si was doped into the TiO2 lattice successfully and a solid solution was obtained. V2O5 active component could be dispersed well on the support with the increasing of surface area of the catalyst, which was confirmed by Raman and XRD results. Above all, the numbers of acid sites (especially the Br nsted-acid) and oxidation properties were enhanced for Si-doped V2O5/TiO2 catalysts, which improved the deNOx catalytic activity.展开更多
A series of V2O5‐WO3/TiO2‐ZrO2,V2O5‐WO3/TiO2‐CeO2,and V2O5‐WO3/TiO2‐CeO2‐ZrO2 catalysts were synthesized to improve the selective catalytic reduction(SCR)performance and the K‐poisoning resistance of a V2O5‐W...A series of V2O5‐WO3/TiO2‐ZrO2,V2O5‐WO3/TiO2‐CeO2,and V2O5‐WO3/TiO2‐CeO2‐ZrO2 catalysts were synthesized to improve the selective catalytic reduction(SCR)performance and the K‐poisoning resistance of a V2O5‐WO3/TiO2 catalyst.The physicochemical properties were investigated by using XRD,BET,NH3‐TPD,H2‐TPR,and XPS,and the catalytic performance and K‐poisoning resistance were evaluated via a NH3‐SCR model reaction.Ce^4+and Zr^4+co‐doping were found to enhance the conversion of NOx,and exhibit the best K‐poisoning resistance owing to the largest BET‐specific surface area,pore volume,and total acid site concentration,as well as the minimal effects on the surface acidity and redox ability from K poisoning.The V2O5‐WO3/TiO2‐CeO2‐ZrO2 catalyst also presents outstanding H2O+SO2 tolerance.Finally,the in situ DRIFTS reveals that the NH3‐SCR reaction over the V2O5‐WO3/TiO2‐CeO2‐ZrO2 catalyst follows an L‐H mechanism,and that K poisoning does not change the reaction mechanism.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China[grant number U24A2044]Science and Technology Major Program of Guangxi Province[grant number GUIKEAA24206007].
摘要Magnesium hydride serves as a promising solid-state hydrogen storage material owing to its high potential.However,its practical applications are constrained by the high enthalpy of hydrogen absorption and slow kinetics.In this study,we prepared a Ni/Ti3O5@graphene oxide(GO)dual-heterojunction composite material via solvent heating,electrostatic adsorption,and calcination to improve the hydrogen storage capabilities of MgH2.Adding Ni/Ti3O5@GO to MgH2 lowered the initial dehydrogenation temperature of MgH2 to 183℃;at a dehydrogenation temperature of 275℃,6.4 wt.%of H2 escaped from the MgH2 bulk.In addition,the hydrogen storage material absorbed 1.8 wt.%H2 at 30℃ for 30 min.The calculated activation energy of dehydrogenation was 48.221±0.141 kJ·mol-1,which was significantly lower than that of the ball-milled MgH2(112.63±1.44 kJ·mol-1).Mechanistic analysis results revealed that the heterojunction constructed from the multiphase compound system provided a large number of active sites and hydrogen diffusion routes,resulting in a synergistic catalytic effect that enhanced the hydrogen storage capacity of MgH2.In this work,we clarified the compositions of fuzzy interfaces in heterostructured materials by conducting ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy tests and identified key composite materials for the formation of heterojunctions.
基金supported by the Leading Edge Technology of Jiangsu Province(BK20222009-X.Z.,BK20202008-X.Z.)Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD)National Undergraduate Innovation Training Program of NUAA(202410287179Y).
摘要Zn-based thermal charging devices,utilizing the synergistic effect of ion thermoextraction and thermodiffusion,are able to efficiently convert thermal energy into electrical energy and storage in the devices,making them a highly promising technology for low-grade heat recovery and utilization.However,the low output power density and energy conversion efficiency resulted by the slow diffusion kinetics of Zn2+hinder their development.Herein,we present a highperformance thermal charging cell design using Zn2+/NH4+hybrid ion electrolyte,which not only maintains the high output voltage of the Zn-based thermoelectric system,but also significantly enhances the output power density due to the fast diffusion kinetics of NH4+.Based on this strategy,the thermal charging cell displays a high thermopower of 12.5 mV K-1and an excellent normalized power density of 19.6 mW m-2K-2at a temperature difference of 35 K.The Carnot-relative efficiency is as high as 12.74%.Moreover,it can operate continuously for over 72 h when the temperature difference persists,achieving a balance between thermoelectric conversion and output.This work provides a simple and effective strategy for the design of high-performance thermal charging cells for low-grade heat conversion and utilization.
摘要构建准确可靠的热力学数据库对提钒过程优化以及钒酸盐材料的制备具有重要的应用价值和指导意义。采用封闭铂金坩埚,结合X射线衍射(XRD)与差热分析(DTA)技术,证实了K2O-V2O5体系中K3V5O14为稳定存在的化合物,并试验测定了K2V8O21和KVO3的熔化温度分别为532.4℃和516.5℃。随后采用修正的准化学模型(MQM),引入溶液中第二相邻阳离子短程有序对描述吉布斯自由能的变化。基于CALPHAD框架(CALculation of PHAse Diagram,相图计算),构建了Na2O-K2O-V2O5体系的热力学模型,重现了Na2O-K2O-V2O5体系全组分范围的实验数据和热力学性质,获得了该体系中所有物相一系列自洽的热力学模型参数,最终构建了可靠的热力学数据库。进一步探讨了当前数据库在钒渣钠化焙烧提钒中的应用,明确了含钒物相的迁移规律,确定了最佳的操作温度窗口。
摘要Chemical vapor deposition is the predominant method to prepare MgAl2O4fibers.However,it faces several challenges,including exorbitantly high reaction temperatures,substantial production costs,and relatively low yields.In this study,porous MgAl2O4fibers were fabricated through a solid-state reaction method,utilizing MgSO4·5Mg(OH)2·3H2O whiskers as templates,mixed with either aluminum sol orα-Al2O3micropowder.The impact of various parameters on the synthesis of porous MgAl2O4fibres was systematically investigated,including the heat treatment temperature(1000,1100 and 1300℃),the holding time(3 and 10 h)and the aluminum source(aluminum sol orα-Al2O3micropowder).The results reveal that:(1)in comparison with fibers synthesized usingα-Al2O3as the aluminum source,those prepared with aluminum sol exhibit a significantly higher generation amount of MgAl2O4;(2)as the heat treatment temperature increases,Al2O3gradually reacts with MgO,continuously increasing the formation amount of porous MgAl2O4with small and uniformly distributed nanopores,and the synthesized porous MgAl2O4fibres have small and uniform nanopores;(3)the optimal synthesis process involves using aluminum sol as the aluminum source and firing at 1300℃ for 3 h.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51078185, U1162119)the research fund of Key Laboratory for Advanced Technology in Environmental Protection of Jiangsu Province (No. AE201001)the research fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China (No.20113219110009)
摘要TiO2 supports doped with different amounts of Si were prepared by a sol-gel method, and 1 wt% vanadia (V2O5) loaded on Si-doped TiO2 was obtained by an impregnation method. The mole ratio of Si/Ti was 0.2, NOx conversion exceeds 94% at 300℃ and GHSV of 41,324 hr-1 , which is about 20% higher than pure V2O5/TiO2 . The catalysts were characterized by XRD, BET, TEM, FT-IR, NH3-TPD, XPS, H2-TPR, Raman and in situ DRIFTS. The results of FT-IR and XPS indicated that Si was doped into the TiO2 lattice successfully and a solid solution was obtained. V2O5 active component could be dispersed well on the support with the increasing of surface area of the catalyst, which was confirmed by Raman and XRD results. Above all, the numbers of acid sites (especially the Br nsted-acid) and oxidation properties were enhanced for Si-doped V2O5/TiO2 catalysts, which improved the deNOx catalytic activity.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21876168,21507130)the Key Projects for Common Key Technology Innovation in Key Industries in Chongqing(cstc2016zdcy-ztzx0020-01)+2 种基金the Chongqing Science&Technology Commission(cstc2016jcyjA0070,cstckjcxljrc13)the Open Project Program of Chongqing Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Functional Organic Molecules from Chongqing Technology and Business University(1456029)the Graduate Innovation Project of Chongqing Technology and Business University(yjscxx201803-028-22)~~
摘要A series of V2O5‐WO3/TiO2‐ZrO2,V2O5‐WO3/TiO2‐CeO2,and V2O5‐WO3/TiO2‐CeO2‐ZrO2 catalysts were synthesized to improve the selective catalytic reduction(SCR)performance and the K‐poisoning resistance of a V2O5‐WO3/TiO2 catalyst.The physicochemical properties were investigated by using XRD,BET,NH3‐TPD,H2‐TPR,and XPS,and the catalytic performance and K‐poisoning resistance were evaluated via a NH3‐SCR model reaction.Ce^4+and Zr^4+co‐doping were found to enhance the conversion of NOx,and exhibit the best K‐poisoning resistance owing to the largest BET‐specific surface area,pore volume,and total acid site concentration,as well as the minimal effects on the surface acidity and redox ability from K poisoning.The V2O5‐WO3/TiO2‐CeO2‐ZrO2 catalyst also presents outstanding H2O+SO2 tolerance.Finally,the in situ DRIFTS reveals that the NH3‐SCR reaction over the V2O5‐WO3/TiO2‐CeO2‐ZrO2 catalyst follows an L‐H mechanism,and that K poisoning does not change the reaction mechanism.