The distribution of heat generation and operating temperature are crucial factors affecting the performance and useful service life of angular contact ball bearings.A thermodynamic real-time coupling analytical model ...The distribution of heat generation and operating temperature are crucial factors affecting the performance and useful service life of angular contact ball bearings.A thermodynamic real-time coupling analytical model is established in this work to illustrate alterations in the bearing structure,internal load,and the sliding and rotation of the ball correlated with temperature fluctuations.The temperature rise and heat generation of angular contact ball bearings under combined loads are accurately calculated.The simulation of the temperature rise in bearings is conducted based on this model,and the effectiveness of the model is validated through simulation experiments.The simulation results of the distribution of heat generation are compared between thermodynamic real-time coupling and thermodynamic sequential coupling,with a focus on the transient thermal characteristics of bearings and the effect of load on their steady-state thermal characteristics.The precision of temperature simulation through thermodynamic real-time coupling is significantly higher than that through thermodynamic sequential coupling.Axial load mainly affects heat generated by the sliding and rotation of the ball on the inner raceway,while radial load predominantly affects the heat generation of the ball due to sliding on the inner and outer raceways.The findings of the work can guide the design and performance evaluation of angular contact ball bearings and provide support for temperature simulation.展开更多
The detection of orbital angular momentum(OAM)is fundamental for advancing various applications involving vortex beams.Current measurement methodologies face challenges such as inefficiencies,complex system configurat...The detection of orbital angular momentum(OAM)is fundamental for advancing various applications involving vortex beams.Current measurement methodologies face challenges such as inefficiencies,complex system configurations,and the requirement for high interference stability.The notable challenges of OAM reconstruction are system misalignment and single-shot measurement.We propose a model-driven artificial neural network approach to reconstruct high-dimensional complex OAM spectra from single-shot diffraction intensity measurement under system misalignment,eliminating the need for extensive experimental data for training.Our approach may advance OAM-based high-dimensional information encoding and optical communication while also fostering further exploration at the intersection of physical models and neural networks.展开更多
Surface texture technology is a method to improve the tribological properties of friction pairs.In this study,a cylindrical texture is designed in cage pocket,and then the volume of fluid model and the multireference ...Surface texture technology is a method to improve the tribological properties of friction pairs.In this study,a cylindrical texture is designed in cage pocket,and then the volume of fluid model and the multireference frame method are used to investigate the oil volume fraction inside the bearing cavity,the pressure and oil distribution on the ball surface,and the oil distribution on the inner/outer raceway.The results show that the cylindrical texture in cage pocket is helpful to increase the oil volume fraction inside the bearing cavity,improve the pressure distribution on the ball surface,and increase the oil content on the ball surface.The cage pocket texture helps the ball to carry more lubrication oil in the high-speed rotation process,which increases the oil content of the outer raceway and improves the oil-air lubrication effect of the ball.This study proposes a new texture arrangement in cage pocket of angular contact ball bearings,and introduces the mixed mesh method to divide the fluid domain of bearing.Through comparative study,the cage pocket texture is helpful to improve the oil-air lubrication efficiency.展开更多
We investigate the population distribution of excited angular momentum(l)states in the interaction between a hydrogen atom and an ultra-short laser pulse.Through numerical solution of the time-dependent Schröding...We investigate the population distribution of excited angular momentum(l)states in the interaction between a hydrogen atom and an ultra-short laser pulse.Through numerical solution of the time-dependent Schrödinger equation,we theoretically investigate the laser-induced oscillations among excited l-states.Temporal evolution analysis reveals distinctive signatures of both multiphoton excitation and frustrated tunneling ionization processes.Specifically,multiphoton excitation dominates during the final optical cycle as the laser peak intensity attenuates,thereby critically determining the final l-states population distribution.We demonstrate that the angular quantum states'parity effect does not persist,even for ultra-short pulses with broad frequency bandwidths.The parity effect is also unaffected by laser field asymmetry.展开更多
The violation of the charge-parity(CP)transformation symmetry,which has been observed in numerous pure meson decay processes,was only confirmed very recently by the LHCb collaboration in the four-body decay of the hea...The violation of the charge-parity(CP)transformation symmetry,which has been observed in numerous pure meson decay processes,was only confirmed very recently by the LHCb collaboration in the four-body decay of the heavy baryonΛb0,Λb0→pK−π+π−,through a comparison of the decay branching ratio with that of the CP-conjugate process.However,the detailed dynamics behind this CP asymme-try is obviously far from clear.We propose a formalism for the full analysis of the decay angular correlations in four-body cascade decays of heavy hadrons which can provide more information about the CP violation in these decays.To illustrate this,we apply the decay angular correlation analysis of CP violation to another four-body decay channel that involves baryons,B0→ppK+π−,which has also been investigated by the LHCb collaboration with no evidence of CP violation being found.Surprisingly,based on a simple assumption on the statistical errors,and with the event yield extracted inversely from the published data of LHCb,we obtain non-zero CP asymme-tries of about 10%corresponding to the decay angular correlations,which are considerably larger than the CP asymmetries observed in theΛb0→pK−π+π−channel.We recommend that experimental collaborations conduct comprehensive decay angular correlation analyses of CP violation in four-body decays of heavy hadrons,including the two channels discussed above.展开更多
This study presents a novel approach to control the mode transform between Laguerre-Gaussian solitons and Hermite-Gaussian solitons by designing anisotropic diffraction in nonlocal medium.The anisotropic diffraction c...This study presents a novel approach to control the mode transform between Laguerre-Gaussian solitons and Hermite-Gaussian solitons by designing anisotropic diffraction in nonlocal medium.The anisotropic diffraction can introduce differential phase shifts and amplitude modulations to the optical field,and then leading to the transform of the soliton mode from one to another,while the accompanying orbital angular momentum exhibits a periodic variation.When the anisotropic diffraction is designed to become isotropic at the desired distance,various mode solitons with different rotation speeds and directions can be generated,which implies that the mode transform process and the change law of orbital angular momentum can be controlled.This finding establishes a versatile platform for nonlinear mode transform,offering new possibilities for applications in optical signal processing,topological photonics,optical micro-manipulation,and so on.展开更多
Microlasers emitting multiple coherent orbital angular momentum(OAM)states provide a powerful platform for precisely controlling high-dimensional optical fields on a chip.However,existing coupled-OAM microlasers typic...Microlasers emitting multiple coherent orbital angular momentum(OAM)states provide a powerful platform for precisely controlling high-dimensional optical fields on a chip.However,existing coupled-OAM microlasers typically require complex structures and large footprints,hindering large-scale on-chip integration and coordinated manipulation of multiple optical degrees of freedom(DoFs).Herein,we demonstrate an ultrahigh-dimensional microlaser array by manipulating coupled OAM modes within a microcavity.By integrating a microring cluster within a Fabry–Pérot microcavity,a pair of coupled elliptical OAM modes with six tunable DoFs are generated:coupling strength,azimuthal orders of each mode,long-axis directions of each mode,and coupling direction.Exploiting these six independent DoFs,we design eight multiplexing channels and implement them within a microcavity array.This study demonstrates high-dimensional optical-field manipulation within a compact microlaser array,offering potential for high-security information storage,advanced optical communications,and emerging quantum technologies.展开更多
The theoretical implementation aspects of scattered field prediction and angular glint calculation in near-field region are proposed in this work.First of all,a more refined expression of the Green function is develop...The theoretical implementation aspects of scattered field prediction and angular glint calculation in near-field region are proposed in this work.First of all,a more refined expression of the Green function is developed.In this representation,an expansion center is adopted within the neighborhood of the sources.Then a high-frequency electromagnetic scattering evaluation algorithm is formulated,combining the refined physical optics(PO)and equivalent edge current(EEC)algorithm.The modified method not only retains the conciseness and efficiency of the standard code but also can be directly used in the near field(NF)scattering estimation.Afterwards,two basic concepts of the angular glint are briefly introduced and formulated.The proposed procedure makes preparation for the computation of NF linear deviation.Numerical examples demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of the NF scattering prediction algorithm.The angular glint characteristics in near-field scenarios are also presented and analyzed in the final section.展开更多
In fault diagnosis, feature extraction from vibration signals is widely recognized as the most critical step, as it directly influences the accuracy and reliability of the diagnostic outcomes.To address the limited ca...In fault diagnosis, feature extraction from vibration signals is widely recognized as the most critical step, as it directly influences the accuracy and reliability of the diagnostic outcomes.To address the limited capability of single-view feature extraction in complex vibration signals and the high economic cost associated with multi-source information fusion, this paper proposes a novel fault diagnosis method based on the Gramian angular field(GAF) and a self-feedback spiking neural network(SF-SNN). The method not only streamlines the network architecture but also enhances the biological plausibility of the SNN model. Initially, GAF is employed to transform the one-dimensional vibration signals collected by sensors into two-dimensional images, effectively preserving the temporal dependencies inherent in the signals. Subsequently, conventional spiking neurons are replaced with self-feedback neurons to enable faster and more precise feature recognition,thereby improving diagnostic performance and classification accuracy. This method inherits the low power consumption and high bionic properties of SNNs while enhancing the efficiency, performance,and robustness of SNN models. It achieved high accuracies of 99.92% and 99.77% on the Case Western Reserve University bearing dataset and the Jiangnan University bearing dataset, respectively. Simultaneously, under noisy conditions(signal-to-noise ratio of -4 dB), it attained accuracies of 80.35% and 80.12%, significantly outperforming other methods. These results fully demonstrate the high accuracy and robust performance of the proposed method on bearing fault diagnosis.展开更多
In this paper,we investigate the uniqueness of meromorphic functions and their derivatives in the unit disc and consider the relations between the Borel points and the shared-values of meromorphic functions in an angu...In this paper,we investigate the uniqueness of meromorphic functions and their derivatives in the unit disc and consider the relations between the Borel points and the shared-values of meromorphic functions in an angular domain by Nevanlinna value distribution theory.An admissible meromorphic function with orde or precise order has Borel point and shares IM common values with its derivative in an angular domain of the unit disc,then the meromorphic function and its derivative are unique.The obtained results improve and generalize some existing results and enrich the uniqueness theory of meromorphic functions.展开更多
The low ductility and strong mechanical anisotropy of wrought magnesium alloys have hindered their further processing and application.In this study,AZ31 magnesium alloy sheet was prepared by a new asymmetrical angular...The low ductility and strong mechanical anisotropy of wrought magnesium alloys have hindered their further processing and application.In this study,AZ31 magnesium alloy sheet was prepared by a new asymmetrical angular rolling(AAR)process,compared with conventional symmetrical rolling(SR)process and asymmetrical rolling(ASR)process.The effects of three rolling processes on the microstructure,texture and mechanical properties of the alloy sheets were systematically studied.The results show that the AAR sheet exhibits excellent mechanical properties compared to other two rolling processes.It not only achieves the highest ductility of 17.9%,17.9%,and 18.5% in the three directions,but also has the lowest mechanical anisotropy values for yield strength,ultimate tensile strength and elongation.The AAR process significantly reduces the anisotropy of the material by achieving the smallest average grain size of 4.93μm and the most homogeneous grain size distribution.Introduced bi-directional asymmetric shear stresses randomizes grain orientation and activates the non-basal slip system,which also significantly reduces the anisotropy.In addition,the tensile twinning mechanism dominates during the AAR process,which contributes to texture weakening and the activation of the non-basal slip system.Through the synergy of these mechanisms,the AAR sheet is characterized by high ductility and low anisotropy.展开更多
In this study,the interaction between deformation and precipitates during multiple equal channel angular pressing(ECAP)deformations and inter-pass aging combination and its effect on the mechanical properties of 7050 ...In this study,the interaction between deformation and precipitates during multiple equal channel angular pressing(ECAP)deformations and inter-pass aging combination and its effect on the mechanical properties of 7050 aluminum alloy are studied.The result show that ECAP induces numerous substructures and dislocations,effectively promoting the precipitation of theηʹphase exhibiting a bimodal structure during inter-pass aging.Following inter-pass aging and subsequent ECAP,the decrease in grain size(4.8μm)is together with the increase in dislocation density(1.24×1015 m−2)due to the pinning effect of the precipitated phase.Simultaneously,the dislocation motion causes the second phase particles to become even finer and more diffuse.The synergistic effects of precipitation strengthening,fine grain strengthening,and dislocation strengthening collectively enhance the high strength of aluminum alloys,with ultimate tensile strength and yield strength reaching approximately 610 and 565 MPa,respectively.Meanwhile,ductility remains largely unchanged,primarily due to coordinated grain boundary sliding and the uniform and fine dispersion of second phase particles.展开更多
Quantum secure direct communication(QSDC) is a communication method based on quantum mechanics and it is used to transmit secret messages. Unlike quantum key distribution, secret messages can be transmitted directly o...Quantum secure direct communication(QSDC) is a communication method based on quantum mechanics and it is used to transmit secret messages. Unlike quantum key distribution, secret messages can be transmitted directly on a quantum channel with QSDC. Higher channel capacity and noise suppression capabilities are key to achieving longdistance quantum communication. Here, we report a continuous-variable QSDC scheme based on mask-coding and orbital angular momentum, in which the mask-coding is employed to protect the security of the transmitting messages and to suppress the influence of excess noise. The combination of orbital angular momentum and information block transmission effectively improves the secrecy capacity. In the 800 information blocks ×1310 bits length 10-km experiment, the results show a statistical average bit error rate of 0.38%, a system excess noise value of 0.0184 SNU, and a final secrecy capacity of 6.319×10~6 bps. Therefore, this scheme reduces error bits while increasing secrecy capacity, providing a solution for long-distance large-scale quantum communication, which is capable of transmitting text, images and other information of reasonable size.展开更多
The experimental realization of observable phonon angular momentum(PAM)in feasible systems using relatively simple methods remains a critical challenge.Motivated by the chiral-induced spin selectivity effect,this stud...The experimental realization of observable phonon angular momentum(PAM)in feasible systems using relatively simple methods remains a critical challenge.Motivated by the chiral-induced spin selectivity effect,this study explores the generation of PAM during the transport of electrically driven polarons along a singlestranded helix structure.We demonstrate that the motion of a polaron under an applied electric field inherently induces a finite PAM,exhibiting drift-locked behavior between the PAM and the polaron.By analyzing the time evolution of PAM distribution at each site,we identify the observed PAM as a natural consequence of coherent superposition between lattice waves,in which the chiral structure selectively determines the direction of induced PAM.Furthermore,we examine the roles of two types of electron-phonon interactions and structural periodicity in modulating PAM.These findings highlight the potential of chiral molecules as platforms for PAM generation and offer new insights into developing phonon-spin-based devices for information processing and transmission.展开更多
The angular deviations and influential factors of Burgers orientation relationship(BOR)in Ti-6Al-4V and Ti-6.5Al-2Zr-1Mo-1V alloys were investigated by optical microscope(OM),scanning electron microscope(SEM),electron...The angular deviations and influential factors of Burgers orientation relationship(BOR)in Ti-6Al-4V and Ti-6.5Al-2Zr-1Mo-1V alloys were investigated by optical microscope(OM),scanning electron microscope(SEM),electron backscattered diffraction(EBSD)and high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscope(HAADF-STEM).A spherical center angle model was introduced to calculate the angular deviations from the ideal BOR between α and β phases.The results indicate thatαand β phases in α colonies of both alloys do not follow the perfect BOR during β→α phase transformation,with angular deviation values less than 3°.Through detailed microstructure characterization,the broad face of α/β interfaces viewed along two different electron incident directions shows the atomic-scale terrace-ledge structure,and many dislocations are observed within α and β phases and near α/β interfaces.Further studies reveal that the angular deviations mainly originate from lattice distortions caused by dislocations in α and β phases and lattice mismatches at α/β interfaces.展开更多
The stability of the plane grating monochromator in the Hefei Advanced Light Facility is highly important for beamline focusing,with angular vibration being a key indicator for assessing its stability.This paper propo...The stability of the plane grating monochromator in the Hefei Advanced Light Facility is highly important for beamline focusing,with angular vibration being a key indicator for assessing its stability.This paper proposes an elastic fitting method based on fifth-order polynomial fitting for the precise analysis of microangular vibrations on grating surfaces.Compared with the traditional rigid body method,this method fully considers the three major elastic characteristics exhibited by optical components during vibration:significant phase differences,nonuniform deformation gradients,and spatial distribution differences in angular deformation.The research results indicate that this method can accurately reflect the actual vibration state of the grating surface,not only enabling the quantitative prediction of local angular microvibration but also establishing a reliable theoretical analysis framework for the stability assessment of high-precision instruments.展开更多
Optical orbital angular momentum(OAM)mode multiplexing has emerged as a promising technique for boosting communication capacity.However,most existing studies have concentrated on channel(de)-multiplexing,overlooking t...Optical orbital angular momentum(OAM)mode multiplexing has emerged as a promising technique for boosting communication capacity.However,most existing studies have concentrated on channel(de)-multiplexing,overlooking the critical aspect of channel routing.This challenge involves the reallocation of multiplexed OAM modes across both spatial and temporal domains—a vital step for developing versatile communication networks.To address this gap,we introduce a novel approach based on the time evolution of OAM modes,utilizing the orthogonal conversion and diffractive modulation capabilities of unitary transformations.This approach facilitates high-dimensional orthogonal transformations of OAM mode vectors,altering both the propagation direction and the spatial location.Using Fresnel diffraction matrices as unitary operators,it manipulates the spatial locations of light beams during transmission,breaking the propagation invariance and enabling temporal evolution.As a demonstration,we have experimentally implemented the deep routing of four OAM modes within two distinct time sequences.Achieving an average diffraction efficiency above 78.31%,we have successfully deep-routed 4.69 Tbit-s-1quadrature phase-shift keying(QPSK)signals carried by four multiplexed OAM channels,with a bit error rate below 10-6.These results underscore the efficacy of our routing strategy and its promising prospects for practical applications.展开更多
Optical phased arrays(OPAs)are crucial in beam-steering applications,particularly as transmitters in light detection and ranging and free-space communication systems.In this paper,we demonstrate a on-chip OPA that emi...Optical phased arrays(OPAs)are crucial in beam-steering applications,particularly as transmitters in light detection and ranging and free-space communication systems.In this paper,we demonstrate a on-chip OPA that emits multiple orbital angular momentum(OAM)beams in different directions,each carrying unique topological charges.By superimposing a forked 1×3 Dammann grating on the grating array,six OAM beams with topological charges of ±3,±4,and±5 can be radiated from the OPA region.The OPA chip was fabricated on a silicon-on-insulator platform,and the simultaneous generation of multiple OAM beams was realized experimentally.The directions of these vortices can be steered by adjusting the wavelength of the input light and the bias voltages of the phase shifters,enabling a remarkable field of view(FOV)of 140 deg×40 deg within a 120-nm wavelength range.We pave the way for developing systems with ultrawide FOVs,improving the resolution of remote sensing and broadening the possibilities of free-space communications.展开更多
This paper presents a new method for specific emitter identification(SEI)using the reparameterization visual geometry group(RepVGG)neural network model and Gramian angular summation field(GASF).It converts in-phase an...This paper presents a new method for specific emitter identification(SEI)using the reparameterization visual geometry group(RepVGG)neural network model and Gramian angular summation field(GASF).It converts in-phase and quadrature(IQ)signals into 2D feature maps,retaining both time and frequency domain features.Compared to residual network 18-layer(ResNet18)and Hilbert transform methods,this approach offers higher accuracy,faster training,and a smaller model size,making it ideal for hardware deployment.展开更多
By introducing noncanonical vortex pairs to partially coherent beams, spatial correlation singularity (SCS) and orbital angular momenta (OAM) of the resulting beams are studied using the Fraunhofer diffraction integra...By introducing noncanonical vortex pairs to partially coherent beams, spatial correlation singularity (SCS) and orbital angular momenta (OAM) of the resulting beams are studied using the Fraunhofer diffraction integral. The effect of noncanonical strength, off-axis distance and vortex sign on spatial correlation singularities in far field is stressed. Furthermore, far-field OAM spectra and densities are also investigated, and the OAM detection and crosstalk probabilities are discussed. The results show that the number of dislocations of SCS always equals the sum of absolute values of topological charges for canonical or noncanonical vortex pairs. Although the sum of the product of each OAM mode and its power weight equals the algebraic sum of topological charges for canonical vortex pairs, the relationship no longer holds in the noncanonical case except for opposite-charge vortex pairs. The changes of off-axis distance, noncanonical strength or coherence length can lead to a more dominant power in adjacent mode than that in center detection mode, which also indicates that crosstalk probabilities of adjacent modes exceed the center detection probability. This work may provide potential applications in OAM-based optical communication, imaging, sensing and computing.展开更多
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52365010,52262049,and 52475087)Jiangxi Provincial Natural Science Foundation Project(Grant No.20242BAB25262).
摘要The distribution of heat generation and operating temperature are crucial factors affecting the performance and useful service life of angular contact ball bearings.A thermodynamic real-time coupling analytical model is established in this work to illustrate alterations in the bearing structure,internal load,and the sliding and rotation of the ball correlated with temperature fluctuations.The temperature rise and heat generation of angular contact ball bearings under combined loads are accurately calculated.The simulation of the temperature rise in bearings is conducted based on this model,and the effectiveness of the model is validated through simulation experiments.The simulation results of the distribution of heat generation are compared between thermodynamic real-time coupling and thermodynamic sequential coupling,with a focus on the transient thermal characteristics of bearings and the effect of load on their steady-state thermal characteristics.The precision of temperature simulation through thermodynamic real-time coupling is significantly higher than that through thermodynamic sequential coupling.Axial load mainly affects heat generated by the sliding and rotation of the ball on the inner raceway,while radial load predominantly affects the heat generation of the ball due to sliding on the inner and outer raceways.The findings of the work can guide the design and performance evaluation of angular contact ball bearings and provide support for temperature simulation.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12274338 and 91736104)the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China(Grant No.2016YFA0301404)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities。
摘要The detection of orbital angular momentum(OAM)is fundamental for advancing various applications involving vortex beams.Current measurement methodologies face challenges such as inefficiencies,complex system configurations,and the requirement for high interference stability.The notable challenges of OAM reconstruction are system misalignment and single-shot measurement.We propose a model-driven artificial neural network approach to reconstruct high-dimensional complex OAM spectra from single-shot diffraction intensity measurement under system misalignment,eliminating the need for extensive experimental data for training.Our approach may advance OAM-based high-dimensional information encoding and optical communication while also fostering further exploration at the intersection of physical models and neural networks.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51965038)。
摘要Surface texture technology is a method to improve the tribological properties of friction pairs.In this study,a cylindrical texture is designed in cage pocket,and then the volume of fluid model and the multireference frame method are used to investigate the oil volume fraction inside the bearing cavity,the pressure and oil distribution on the ball surface,and the oil distribution on the inner/outer raceway.The results show that the cylindrical texture in cage pocket is helpful to increase the oil volume fraction inside the bearing cavity,improve the pressure distribution on the ball surface,and increase the oil content on the ball surface.The cage pocket texture helps the ball to carry more lubrication oil in the high-speed rotation process,which increases the oil content of the outer raceway and improves the oil-air lubrication effect of the ball.This study proposes a new texture arrangement in cage pocket of angular contact ball bearings,and introduces the mixed mesh method to divide the fluid domain of bearing.Through comparative study,the cage pocket texture is helpful to improve the oil-air lubrication efficiency.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12374241 and 12374263)。
摘要We investigate the population distribution of excited angular momentum(l)states in the interaction between a hydrogen atom and an ultra-short laser pulse.Through numerical solution of the time-dependent Schrödinger equation,we theoretically investigate the laser-induced oscillations among excited l-states.Temporal evolution analysis reveals distinctive signatures of both multiphoton excitation and frustrated tunneling ionization processes.Specifically,multiphoton excitation dominates during the final optical cycle as the laser peak intensity attenuates,thereby critically determining the final l-states population distribution.We demonstrate that the angular quantum states'parity effect does not persist,even for ultra-short pulses with broad frequency bandwidths.The parity effect is also unaffected by laser field asymmetry.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12475096,12275024,12192261)the Scientific Research Fund of Hunan Provincial Education Department(Grant No.22A0319).
摘要The violation of the charge-parity(CP)transformation symmetry,which has been observed in numerous pure meson decay processes,was only confirmed very recently by the LHCb collaboration in the four-body decay of the heavy baryonΛb0,Λb0→pK−π+π−,through a comparison of the decay branching ratio with that of the CP-conjugate process.However,the detailed dynamics behind this CP asymme-try is obviously far from clear.We propose a formalism for the full analysis of the decay angular correlations in four-body cascade decays of heavy hadrons which can provide more information about the CP violation in these decays.To illustrate this,we apply the decay angular correlation analysis of CP violation to another four-body decay channel that involves baryons,B0→ppK+π−,which has also been investigated by the LHCb collaboration with no evidence of CP violation being found.Surprisingly,based on a simple assumption on the statistical errors,and with the event yield extracted inversely from the published data of LHCb,we obtain non-zero CP asymme-tries of about 10%corresponding to the decay angular correlations,which are considerably larger than the CP asymmetries observed in theΛb0→pK−π+π−channel.We recommend that experimental collaborations conduct comprehensive decay angular correlation analyses of CP violation in four-body decays of heavy hadrons,including the two channels discussed above.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12265015)。
摘要This study presents a novel approach to control the mode transform between Laguerre-Gaussian solitons and Hermite-Gaussian solitons by designing anisotropic diffraction in nonlocal medium.The anisotropic diffraction can introduce differential phase shifts and amplitude modulations to the optical field,and then leading to the transform of the soliton mode from one to another,while the accompanying orbital angular momentum exhibits a periodic variation.When the anisotropic diffraction is designed to become isotropic at the desired distance,various mode solitons with different rotation speeds and directions can be generated,which implies that the mode transform process and the change law of orbital angular momentum can be controlled.This finding establishes a versatile platform for nonlinear mode transform,offering new possibilities for applications in optical signal processing,topological photonics,optical micro-manipulation,and so on.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.62305216).
摘要Microlasers emitting multiple coherent orbital angular momentum(OAM)states provide a powerful platform for precisely controlling high-dimensional optical fields on a chip.However,existing coupled-OAM microlasers typically require complex structures and large footprints,hindering large-scale on-chip integration and coordinated manipulation of multiple optical degrees of freedom(DoFs).Herein,we demonstrate an ultrahigh-dimensional microlaser array by manipulating coupled OAM modes within a microcavity.By integrating a microring cluster within a Fabry–Pérot microcavity,a pair of coupled elliptical OAM modes with six tunable DoFs are generated:coupling strength,azimuthal orders of each mode,long-axis directions of each mode,and coupling direction.Exploiting these six independent DoFs,we design eight multiplexing channels and implement them within a microcavity array.This study demonstrates high-dimensional optical-field manipulation within a compact microlaser array,offering potential for high-security information storage,advanced optical communications,and emerging quantum technologies.
摘要The theoretical implementation aspects of scattered field prediction and angular glint calculation in near-field region are proposed in this work.First of all,a more refined expression of the Green function is developed.In this representation,an expansion center is adopted within the neighborhood of the sources.Then a high-frequency electromagnetic scattering evaluation algorithm is formulated,combining the refined physical optics(PO)and equivalent edge current(EEC)algorithm.The modified method not only retains the conciseness and efficiency of the standard code but also can be directly used in the near field(NF)scattering estimation.Afterwards,two basic concepts of the angular glint are briefly introduced and formulated.The proposed procedure makes preparation for the computation of NF linear deviation.Numerical examples demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of the NF scattering prediction algorithm.The angular glint characteristics in near-field scenarios are also presented and analyzed in the final section.
基金supported by the Henan Provincial Science and Technology Research Project(No.242102210006).
摘要In fault diagnosis, feature extraction from vibration signals is widely recognized as the most critical step, as it directly influences the accuracy and reliability of the diagnostic outcomes.To address the limited capability of single-view feature extraction in complex vibration signals and the high economic cost associated with multi-source information fusion, this paper proposes a novel fault diagnosis method based on the Gramian angular field(GAF) and a self-feedback spiking neural network(SF-SNN). The method not only streamlines the network architecture but also enhances the biological plausibility of the SNN model. Initially, GAF is employed to transform the one-dimensional vibration signals collected by sensors into two-dimensional images, effectively preserving the temporal dependencies inherent in the signals. Subsequently, conventional spiking neurons are replaced with self-feedback neurons to enable faster and more precise feature recognition,thereby improving diagnostic performance and classification accuracy. This method inherits the low power consumption and high bionic properties of SNNs while enhancing the efficiency, performance,and robustness of SNN models. It achieved high accuracies of 99.92% and 99.77% on the Case Western Reserve University bearing dataset and the Jiangnan University bearing dataset, respectively. Simultaneously, under noisy conditions(signal-to-noise ratio of -4 dB), it attained accuracies of 80.35% and 80.12%, significantly outperforming other methods. These results fully demonstrate the high accuracy and robust performance of the proposed method on bearing fault diagnosis.
摘要In this paper,we investigate the uniqueness of meromorphic functions and their derivatives in the unit disc and consider the relations between the Borel points and the shared-values of meromorphic functions in an angular domain by Nevanlinna value distribution theory.An admissible meromorphic function with orde or precise order has Borel point and shares IM common values with its derivative in an angular domain of the unit disc,then the meromorphic function and its derivative are unique.The obtained results improve and generalize some existing results and enrich the uniqueness theory of meromorphic functions.
基金financially supported by Fund Program for Research Project Supported by Shanxi Scholarship Council of China(No.20230007)(jie bang guashuai)‘Open Competition’project:Preparation technology and product development of key new materials for 5G communication(No.20231207)+3 种基金Projects of the Patent Conversion Program in Shanxi Province(No.20241140)Research and Innovation Projects in Shanxi Province(No.2023KY633)Graduate Education Innovation Project at Taiyuan University of Science and Technology(No.BY2023003)Basic Research Plan Free Exploration of General Program in Shanxi Province(No.202303021221143).
摘要The low ductility and strong mechanical anisotropy of wrought magnesium alloys have hindered their further processing and application.In this study,AZ31 magnesium alloy sheet was prepared by a new asymmetrical angular rolling(AAR)process,compared with conventional symmetrical rolling(SR)process and asymmetrical rolling(ASR)process.The effects of three rolling processes on the microstructure,texture and mechanical properties of the alloy sheets were systematically studied.The results show that the AAR sheet exhibits excellent mechanical properties compared to other two rolling processes.It not only achieves the highest ductility of 17.9%,17.9%,and 18.5% in the three directions,but also has the lowest mechanical anisotropy values for yield strength,ultimate tensile strength and elongation.The AAR process significantly reduces the anisotropy of the material by achieving the smallest average grain size of 4.93μm and the most homogeneous grain size distribution.Introduced bi-directional asymmetric shear stresses randomizes grain orientation and activates the non-basal slip system,which also significantly reduces the anisotropy.In addition,the tensile twinning mechanism dominates during the AAR process,which contributes to texture weakening and the activation of the non-basal slip system.Through the synergy of these mechanisms,the AAR sheet is characterized by high ductility and low anisotropy.
基金Project(52275350)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(0301006)supported by the International Cooperative Scientific Research Platform of SUES,China。
摘要In this study,the interaction between deformation and precipitates during multiple equal channel angular pressing(ECAP)deformations and inter-pass aging combination and its effect on the mechanical properties of 7050 aluminum alloy are studied.The result show that ECAP induces numerous substructures and dislocations,effectively promoting the precipitation of theηʹphase exhibiting a bimodal structure during inter-pass aging.Following inter-pass aging and subsequent ECAP,the decrease in grain size(4.8μm)is together with the increase in dislocation density(1.24×1015 m−2)due to the pinning effect of the precipitated phase.Simultaneously,the dislocation motion causes the second phase particles to become even finer and more diffuse.The synergistic effects of precipitation strengthening,fine grain strengthening,and dislocation strengthening collectively enhance the high strength of aluminum alloys,with ultimate tensile strength and yield strength reaching approximately 610 and 565 MPa,respectively.Meanwhile,ductility remains largely unchanged,primarily due to coordinated grain boundary sliding and the uniform and fine dispersion of second phase particles.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 62071381 and 62301430)Shaanxi Fundamental Science Research Project for Mathematics and Physics (Grant No. 23JSY014)+1 种基金Scientific Research Plan Project of Shaanxi Education Department (Natural Science Special Project (Grant No. 23JK0680)Young Talent Fund of Xi’an Association for Science and Technology (Grant No. 959202313011)。
摘要Quantum secure direct communication(QSDC) is a communication method based on quantum mechanics and it is used to transmit secret messages. Unlike quantum key distribution, secret messages can be transmitted directly on a quantum channel with QSDC. Higher channel capacity and noise suppression capabilities are key to achieving longdistance quantum communication. Here, we report a continuous-variable QSDC scheme based on mask-coding and orbital angular momentum, in which the mask-coding is employed to protect the security of the transmitting messages and to suppress the influence of excess noise. The combination of orbital angular momentum and information block transmission effectively improves the secrecy capacity. In the 800 information blocks ×1310 bits length 10-km experiment, the results show a statistical average bit error rate of 0.38%, a system excess noise value of 0.0184 SNU, and a final secrecy capacity of 6.319×10~6 bps. Therefore, this scheme reduces error bits while increasing secrecy capacity, providing a solution for long-distance large-scale quantum communication, which is capable of transmitting text, images and other information of reasonable size.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Project from Ministry of Science and Technology of China(Grant No.2022YFA1203100)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52350088)+1 种基金the Department of Science and Technology of Jiangsu Province(Grant No.BK20220032)the Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province(Grant No.KYCX241797)。
摘要The experimental realization of observable phonon angular momentum(PAM)in feasible systems using relatively simple methods remains a critical challenge.Motivated by the chiral-induced spin selectivity effect,this study explores the generation of PAM during the transport of electrically driven polarons along a singlestranded helix structure.We demonstrate that the motion of a polaron under an applied electric field inherently induces a finite PAM,exhibiting drift-locked behavior between the PAM and the polaron.By analyzing the time evolution of PAM distribution at each site,we identify the observed PAM as a natural consequence of coherent superposition between lattice waves,in which the chiral structure selectively determines the direction of induced PAM.Furthermore,we examine the roles of two types of electron-phonon interactions and structural periodicity in modulating PAM.These findings highlight the potential of chiral molecules as platforms for PAM generation and offer new insights into developing phonon-spin-based devices for information processing and transmission.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51971009,12002013,51831006)the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province,China(No.LZ23E010004).
摘要The angular deviations and influential factors of Burgers orientation relationship(BOR)in Ti-6Al-4V and Ti-6.5Al-2Zr-1Mo-1V alloys were investigated by optical microscope(OM),scanning electron microscope(SEM),electron backscattered diffraction(EBSD)and high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscope(HAADF-STEM).A spherical center angle model was introduced to calculate the angular deviations from the ideal BOR between α and β phases.The results indicate thatαand β phases in α colonies of both alloys do not follow the perfect BOR during β→α phase transformation,with angular deviation values less than 3°.Through detailed microstructure characterization,the broad face of α/β interfaces viewed along two different electron incident directions shows the atomic-scale terrace-ledge structure,and many dislocations are observed within α and β phases and near α/β interfaces.Further studies reveal that the angular deviations mainly originate from lattice distortions caused by dislocations in α and β phases and lattice mismatches at α/β interfaces.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12372187 and 12402228)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.WK2480000010)+3 种基金Fellowship of China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2024M753103)CAS Talent Introduction Program(Grant No.KJ2090007006)Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.2408085QA014)National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Joint Foundation(Grant Nos.KY2090000097 and KY2090000124).
摘要The stability of the plane grating monochromator in the Hefei Advanced Light Facility is highly important for beamline focusing,with angular vibration being a key indicator for assessing its stability.This paper proposes an elastic fitting method based on fifth-order polynomial fitting for the precise analysis of microangular vibrations on grating surfaces.Compared with the traditional rigid body method,this method fully considers the three major elastic characteristics exhibited by optical components during vibration:significant phase differences,nonuniform deformation gradients,and spatial distribution differences in angular deformation.The research results indicate that this method can accurately reflect the actual vibration state of the grating surface,not only enabling the quantitative prediction of local angular microvibration but also establishing a reliable theoretical analysis framework for the stability assessment of high-precision instruments.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62271322)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2022A1515011003 and 2023A1515030152)the Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(JCYJ20210324095610027 and JCYJ20210324095611030).
摘要Optical orbital angular momentum(OAM)mode multiplexing has emerged as a promising technique for boosting communication capacity.However,most existing studies have concentrated on channel(de)-multiplexing,overlooking the critical aspect of channel routing.This challenge involves the reallocation of multiplexed OAM modes across both spatial and temporal domains—a vital step for developing versatile communication networks.To address this gap,we introduce a novel approach based on the time evolution of OAM modes,utilizing the orthogonal conversion and diffractive modulation capabilities of unitary transformations.This approach facilitates high-dimensional orthogonal transformations of OAM mode vectors,altering both the propagation direction and the spatial location.Using Fresnel diffraction matrices as unitary operators,it manipulates the spatial locations of light beams during transmission,breaking the propagation invariance and enabling temporal evolution.As a demonstration,we have experimentally implemented the deep routing of four OAM modes within two distinct time sequences.Achieving an average diffraction efficiency above 78.31%,we have successfully deep-routed 4.69 Tbit-s-1quadrature phase-shift keying(QPSK)signals carried by four multiplexed OAM channels,with a bit error rate below 10-6.These results underscore the efficacy of our routing strategy and its promising prospects for practical applications.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.62341508 and 62105203)the Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Major Project(Grant No.BH0300071).
摘要Optical phased arrays(OPAs)are crucial in beam-steering applications,particularly as transmitters in light detection and ranging and free-space communication systems.In this paper,we demonstrate a on-chip OPA that emits multiple orbital angular momentum(OAM)beams in different directions,each carrying unique topological charges.By superimposing a forked 1×3 Dammann grating on the grating array,six OAM beams with topological charges of ±3,±4,and±5 can be radiated from the OPA region.The OPA chip was fabricated on a silicon-on-insulator platform,and the simultaneous generation of multiple OAM beams was realized experimentally.The directions of these vortices can be steered by adjusting the wavelength of the input light and the bias voltages of the phase shifters,enabling a remarkable field of view(FOV)of 140 deg×40 deg within a 120-nm wavelength range.We pave the way for developing systems with ultrawide FOVs,improving the resolution of remote sensing and broadening the possibilities of free-space communications.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62027801).
摘要This paper presents a new method for specific emitter identification(SEI)using the reparameterization visual geometry group(RepVGG)neural network model and Gramian angular summation field(GASF).It converts in-phase and quadrature(IQ)signals into 2D feature maps,retaining both time and frequency domain features.Compared to residual network 18-layer(ResNet18)and Hilbert transform methods,this approach offers higher accuracy,faster training,and a smaller model size,making it ideal for hardware deployment.
摘要By introducing noncanonical vortex pairs to partially coherent beams, spatial correlation singularity (SCS) and orbital angular momenta (OAM) of the resulting beams are studied using the Fraunhofer diffraction integral. The effect of noncanonical strength, off-axis distance and vortex sign on spatial correlation singularities in far field is stressed. Furthermore, far-field OAM spectra and densities are also investigated, and the OAM detection and crosstalk probabilities are discussed. The results show that the number of dislocations of SCS always equals the sum of absolute values of topological charges for canonical or noncanonical vortex pairs. Although the sum of the product of each OAM mode and its power weight equals the algebraic sum of topological charges for canonical vortex pairs, the relationship no longer holds in the noncanonical case except for opposite-charge vortex pairs. The changes of off-axis distance, noncanonical strength or coherence length can lead to a more dominant power in adjacent mode than that in center detection mode, which also indicates that crosstalk probabilities of adjacent modes exceed the center detection probability. This work may provide potential applications in OAM-based optical communication, imaging, sensing and computing.