Multi-firmware comparison techniques can improve efficiency when auditing firmwares in bulk.How-ever,the problem of matching functions between multiple firmwares has not been studied before.This paper proposes a multi...Multi-firmware comparison techniques can improve efficiency when auditing firmwares in bulk.How-ever,the problem of matching functions between multiple firmwares has not been studied before.This paper proposes a multi-firmware comparison method based on evolutionary algorithms and trusted base points.We first model the multi-firmware comparison as a multi-sequence matching problem.Then,we propose an adaptation function and a population generation method based on trusted base points.Finally,we apply an evolutionary algorithm to find the optimal result.At the same time,we design the similarity of matching results as an evaluation metric to measure the effect of multi-firmware comparison.The experiments show that the proposed method outperforms Bindiff and the string-based method.Precisely,the similarity between the matching results of the proposed method and Bindiff matching results is 61%,and the similarity between the matching results of the proposed method and the string-based method is 62.8%.By sampling and manual verification,the accuracy of the matching results of the proposed method can be about 66.4%.展开更多
Creep is an inherent property of concrete materials,and an accurate prediction of creep-induced prestress is critical in designing a prestressed concrete structure.The comparison of codes or specifications of differen...Creep is an inherent property of concrete materials,and an accurate prediction of creep-induced prestress is critical in designing a prestressed concrete structure.The comparison of codes or specifications of different countries on concrete structures was performed in this study.A basic model of prestress loss caused by creep was first deduced from a simple engineering model,and then the derived model was compared with the calculations obtained by different codes.Results show that the overall fundamentals and considerations of these codes are similar.Among these codes,the formulas specified by the Chinese Codes,European Code(DD ENV 1992-1-1),and AASHTO Code(AASHTO LRFDUS-5-M)were similar to the concrete aging formula,while the ACI Code(ACI 209R-92),Australian Code(ACI 209R-92),and Canadian Code(CSA-S6-06)depended more on empirical coefficients obtained via experiments.In the calculation example,the value of creep coefficient directly affected the calculating result of prestress loss.By comparing of the creep models adopted in Code for Design of Concrete Structures(GB50010—2010),European Code(DD ENV 1992-1-1),ACI Code(ACI 209R-92),and Railway Code(TB10002.3—2005).The effects of input parameters on calculation of creep coefficient were discussed in details.This study revealed the appropriate conditions using different codes.展开更多
With the development of socialism market economy, the former Bar Code ForCommodity Management Measures (being called Old Measures for short hereafter) issued by the NationalBureau of Quality and Technical Supervision ...With the development of socialism market economy, the former Bar Code ForCommodity Management Measures (being called Old Measures for short hereafter) issued by the NationalBureau of Quality and Technical Supervision can not adapt to the requirement of managing for barcode for commodity. Therefore, for the purpose of standardize bar code for commodity managementstandard, ensuring its quality, speeding up the application of it in electronic business andcirculating field and accelerating the course of being a well informed country, a new Bar Code ForCommodity Management Measures (New Measures for short) has been issued by the General Administratorof Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of P.R. China (AQSIQ) on May 30th, 2005, and putinto force in October, 2005. At the same time, the Old Measures issued on July 3rd, 1998 has beenabolished.展开更多
This study examines the design provisions of the Chinese GB 50011-2010 code for seismic design of buildings for the special boundary elements of T-shaped reinforced concrete walls and proposes an improved design metho...This study examines the design provisions of the Chinese GB 50011-2010 code for seismic design of buildings for the special boundary elements of T-shaped reinforced concrete walls and proposes an improved design method. Comparison of the design provisions of the GB 50011-2010 code and those of the American code ACI 318-14 indicates a possible deficiency in the T-shaped wall design provisions in GB 50011-2010. A case study of a typical T-shaped wall designed in accordance with GB 50011-2010 also indicates the insufficient extent of the boundary element at the non-flange end and overly conservative design of the flange end boundary element. Improved designs for special boundary elements ofT-shaped walls are developed using a displacement-based method. The proposed design formulas produce a longer boundary element at the non-flange end and a shorter boundary element at the flange end, relative to those of the GB 50011-2010 provisions. Extensive numerical analysis indicates that T-shaped walls designed using the proposed formulas develop inelastic drift of 0.01 for both cases of the flange in compression and in tension.展开更多
摘要Multi-firmware comparison techniques can improve efficiency when auditing firmwares in bulk.How-ever,the problem of matching functions between multiple firmwares has not been studied before.This paper proposes a multi-firmware comparison method based on evolutionary algorithms and trusted base points.We first model the multi-firmware comparison as a multi-sequence matching problem.Then,we propose an adaptation function and a population generation method based on trusted base points.Finally,we apply an evolutionary algorithm to find the optimal result.At the same time,we design the similarity of matching results as an evaluation metric to measure the effect of multi-firmware comparison.The experiments show that the proposed method outperforms Bindiff and the string-based method.Precisely,the similarity between the matching results of the proposed method and Bindiff matching results is 61%,and the similarity between the matching results of the proposed method and the string-based method is 62.8%.By sampling and manual verification,the accuracy of the matching results of the proposed method can be about 66.4%.
摘要Creep is an inherent property of concrete materials,and an accurate prediction of creep-induced prestress is critical in designing a prestressed concrete structure.The comparison of codes or specifications of different countries on concrete structures was performed in this study.A basic model of prestress loss caused by creep was first deduced from a simple engineering model,and then the derived model was compared with the calculations obtained by different codes.Results show that the overall fundamentals and considerations of these codes are similar.Among these codes,the formulas specified by the Chinese Codes,European Code(DD ENV 1992-1-1),and AASHTO Code(AASHTO LRFDUS-5-M)were similar to the concrete aging formula,while the ACI Code(ACI 209R-92),Australian Code(ACI 209R-92),and Canadian Code(CSA-S6-06)depended more on empirical coefficients obtained via experiments.In the calculation example,the value of creep coefficient directly affected the calculating result of prestress loss.By comparing of the creep models adopted in Code for Design of Concrete Structures(GB50010—2010),European Code(DD ENV 1992-1-1),ACI Code(ACI 209R-92),and Railway Code(TB10002.3—2005).The effects of input parameters on calculation of creep coefficient were discussed in details.This study revealed the appropriate conditions using different codes.
摘要With the development of socialism market economy, the former Bar Code ForCommodity Management Measures (being called Old Measures for short hereafter) issued by the NationalBureau of Quality and Technical Supervision can not adapt to the requirement of managing for barcode for commodity. Therefore, for the purpose of standardize bar code for commodity managementstandard, ensuring its quality, speeding up the application of it in electronic business andcirculating field and accelerating the course of being a well informed country, a new Bar Code ForCommodity Management Measures (New Measures for short) has been issued by the General Administratorof Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of P.R. China (AQSIQ) on May 30th, 2005, and putinto force in October, 2005. At the same time, the Old Measures issued on July 3rd, 1998 has beenabolished.
基金International Science&Technology Cooperation Program of China under Grant No.2014DFA70950Tsinghua University Initiative Scientific Research Program under Grant No.2012THZ02-1National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.91315301
摘要This study examines the design provisions of the Chinese GB 50011-2010 code for seismic design of buildings for the special boundary elements of T-shaped reinforced concrete walls and proposes an improved design method. Comparison of the design provisions of the GB 50011-2010 code and those of the American code ACI 318-14 indicates a possible deficiency in the T-shaped wall design provisions in GB 50011-2010. A case study of a typical T-shaped wall designed in accordance with GB 50011-2010 also indicates the insufficient extent of the boundary element at the non-flange end and overly conservative design of the flange end boundary element. Improved designs for special boundary elements ofT-shaped walls are developed using a displacement-based method. The proposed design formulas produce a longer boundary element at the non-flange end and a shorter boundary element at the flange end, relative to those of the GB 50011-2010 provisions. Extensive numerical analysis indicates that T-shaped walls designed using the proposed formulas develop inelastic drift of 0.01 for both cases of the flange in compression and in tension.