In this study,a batch of φ12 mm Cs2LiYCl6:Ce crystals codoped with different contents of Cu+and Sc3+was successfully grown using the Multi-ampule Bridgeman method.A new emission peaking at 418 nm is found...In this study,a batch of φ12 mm Cs2LiYCl6:Ce crystals codoped with different contents of Cu+and Sc3+was successfully grown using the Multi-ampule Bridgeman method.A new emission peaking at 418 nm is found in the photoluminescence spectra of CLYC:Ce codoped with Cu+ion.Codoping Cu+or Sc3+both increases the proportion of intrinsic self-trapped exciton(STE)luminescence,and extends the excitation band of Ce3+,especially in Cu+codoped samples,where a new absorption peak at 248 nm can be identified.The light yield of Cu+codoped samples remains largely unchanged,but the energy resolution shows a slight deterioration.Both light yield and energy resolution degrade after Sc3+codoping,and the effect is much severe than that of Cu+codoped samples.X-ray induced afterglow can be suppressed after Cu+codoping and low content of Sc3+codoping.The scintillation decay variation also depends on the codoping ions and their contents.展开更多
Mg3Sb2has attracted intensive attention as a typical Zintl-type thermoelectric material.Despite the exceptional thermoelectric performance in n-type Mg3Sb2,the dimensionless figure of merit(zT)of p-type Mg...Mg3Sb2has attracted intensive attention as a typical Zintl-type thermoelectric material.Despite the exceptional thermoelectric performance in n-type Mg3Sb2,the dimensionless figure of merit(zT)of p-type Mg3Sb2remains lower than 1,which is mainly attributed to its inferior electrical properties.Herein,we synergistically optimize the thermoelectric properties of p-type Mg3Sb2materials via codoping of Cd and Ag,which were synthesized by high-energy ball milling combined with hot pressing.It is found that Cd doping not only increases the carrier mobility of p-type Mg3Sb2,but also diminishes its thermal conductivity(κtot),with Mg2.85Cd0.5Sb2achieving a lowκtot value of∼0.67 W m−1K−1at room temperature.Further Ag doping elevates the carrier concentration,so that the power factor is optimized over the entire temperature range.Eventually,a peak zT of∼0.75 at 773 K and an excellent average zT of∼0.41 over 300−773 K are obtained in Mg2.82Ag0.03Cd0.5Sb2,which are∼240%and∼490%higher than those of pristine Mg3.4Sb2,respectively.This study provides an effective pathway to synergistically improve the thermoelectric performance of p-type Mg3Sb2by codoping Cd and Ag,which is beneficial to the future applications of Mg3Sb2-based thermoelectric materials.展开更多
Diamond crystals were synthesized with different doping proportions of N-H-O at 5.5 GPa-7.1 GPa and 1370℃-1450℃. With the increase in the N-H-O doping ratio, the crystal growth rate decreased, the temperature and pr...Diamond crystals were synthesized with different doping proportions of N-H-O at 5.5 GPa-7.1 GPa and 1370℃-1450℃. With the increase in the N-H-O doping ratio, the crystal growth rate decreased, the temperature and pressure conditions required for diamond nucleation became increasingly stringent, and the diamond crystallization process was affected. [111] became the dominant plane of diamonds;surface morphology became block-like;and growth texture,stacking faults, and etch pits increased. The diamond crystals had a two-dimensional growth habit. Increasing the doping concentration also increased the amount of N that entered the diamond crystals as confirmed via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. However, crystal quality gradually deteriorated as verified by the red-shifting of Raman peak positions and the widening of the Raman full width at half maximum. With the increase in the doping ratio, the photoluminescence property of the diamond crystals also drastically changed. The intensity of the N vacancy center of the diamond crystals changed, and several Ni-related defect centers, such as the NE1 and NE3 centers, appeared. Diamond synthesis in N-H-O-bearing fluid provides important information for deepening our understanding of the growth characteristics of diamonds in complex systems and the formation mechanism of natural diamonds, which are almost always N-rich and full of various defect centers. Meanwhile, this study proved that the type of defect centers in diamond crystals could be regulated by controlling the N-H-O impurity contents of the synthesis system.展开更多
Catalyst design relies heavily on electronic metal‐support interactions,but the metal‐support interface with an uncontrollable electronic or coordination environment makes it challenging.Herein,we outline a promisin...Catalyst design relies heavily on electronic metal‐support interactions,but the metal‐support interface with an uncontrollable electronic or coordination environment makes it challenging.Herein,we outline a promising approach for the rational design of catalysts involving heteroatoms as anchors for Pd nanoparticles for ethanol oxidation reaction(EOR)catalysis.The doped B and N atoms from dimethylamine borane(DB)occupy the position of the Ti3C2 lattice to anchor the supported Pd nanoparticles.The electrons transfer from the support to B atoms,and then to the metal Pd to form a stable electronic center.A strong electronic interaction can be produced and the d‐band center can be shifted down,driving Pd into the dominant metallic state and making Pd nanoparticles deposit uniformly on the support.As‐obtained Pd/DB–Ti3C2 exhibits superior durability to its counterpart(∼14.6% retention)with 91.1% retention after 2000 cycles,placing it among the top single metal anodic catalysts.Further,in situ Raman and density functional theory computations confirm that Pd/DB–Ti3C2 is capable of dehydrogenating ethanol at low reaction energies.展开更多
In this work, a simple method to modulate the crystal phase and morphology with a large amount of K+ions codoping is proposed. The phase changes to the mixture of β-Na YF4 and β-KYF4 with increasing the content of...In this work, a simple method to modulate the crystal phase and morphology with a large amount of K+ions codoping is proposed. The phase changes to the mixture of β-Na YF4 and β-KYF4 with increasing the content of K^+ions to 80 mol%.When it exceeds 80 mol%, β-Na YF4 disappears gradually and β-KYF4 dominates with a poor crystalline. In addition, the morphology changes from nanosphere to nanoplate, and then to nanoprism, which indicates that a higher content of K^+ions favors the growth rates along [0001] than the [10-10] of the nanocrystals. Additionally, the upconversion(UC) luminescence properties and the ratio of red/green(R/G) UC intensity of samples with different phases and morphologies are detected,which makes it possible to tune the UC fluorescence by varying the concentration of K^+ions.展开更多
In this study, we have performed first-principles screened exchanged hybrid density function theory with the HSE06 function calculations of the C-Mo, C-W, N-Nb and N-Ta codoped anatase TiO2 systems to investigate the ...In this study, we have performed first-principles screened exchanged hybrid density function theory with the HSE06 function calculations of the C-Mo, C-W, N-Nb and N-Ta codoped anatase TiO2 systems to investigate the effect of codoping on the electronic structure of TiO2. The calculated results demonstrate that (W(s)+C(s)) codoped TiO2 narrows the band gap significantly, and have little influence on the position of conduction band edges, therefore, enhances the efficiency of the photocatalytic hydrogen generation from water and the photodegradation of organic pollutants. Moreover, the proper oxygen pressure and temperature are two key factors during synthesis which should be carefully under control so that the desired (W(s)+C(s)) codoped TiO2 can be obtained.展开更多
In the iron-based high-To bulk superconductors, Tc above 50 K was only observed in the electron-doped 1111-type compounds. Here we revisit the electron-doped SmFeAsO polycrystals to make a further investigation for th...In the iron-based high-To bulk superconductors, Tc above 50 K was only observed in the electron-doped 1111-type compounds. Here we revisit the electron-doped SmFeAsO polycrystals to make a further investigation for the highest Tc in these materials. To introduce more electron carriers and less crystal lattice distortions, we study the Th and F eodoping effects into the Sm-O layers with heavy electron doping. Dozens of Sm1-xThx FeAsO1-yFy samples are synthesized through the solid state reaction method, and these samples are carefully characterized by the structural, resistive, and magnetic measurements. We find that the codoping of Th and F clearly enhances the superconducting Tc more than the Th or F single-doped samples, with the highest record Tc up to 58.6K when x = 0.2 and y=0.225. Further element doping causes more impurities and lattice distortions in the samples with a weakened superconductivity.展开更多
The structural,electronic properties and formation energies of sulfur and alkaline earth codoped delafossite CuAlO_2 have been investigated using the first-principles density functional theory calculations.Our results...The structural,electronic properties and formation energies of sulfur and alkaline earth codoped delafossite CuAlO_2 have been investigated using the first-principles density functional theory calculations.Our results reveal that the volume of codoping systems increases with the increasing atomic radius of metal atoms.The formation energies under different growth conditions have been calculated,showing that the codoping systems are formed easily under O-rich growth conditions.Electronic band structures and density of states have been obtained.The decreased bandgaps,enhanced covalence and appearance of electron acceptors after codoping are all good for p-type conductivity.展开更多
Carbon-based materials have become a research hotspot in the field of energy storage devices in recent years due to their abundant resources,low cost,and environmental friendliness.However,the low capacity and poor hi...Carbon-based materials have become a research hotspot in the field of energy storage devices in recent years due to their abundant resources,low cost,and environmental friendliness.However,the low capacity and poor high rate performance still constitute great challenges.Metal organic framework-derived carbon has been widely researched because of its high porosity,tunable structure,and good conductivity.In this work,N/S codoped hierarchical porous carbon microspheres were prepared by a high-temperature heat treatment and atomic doping process using a zinc-based organic framework as the precursor.When used as a potassium-ion battery anode,it has a high reversible specific capacity(435.7 mAh g-1),good rate performance(133.5 mAh g-1at 10,000 m A g-1),and long-term cycling stability(73.2%capacity retention after the 2500th cycle).The potassium storage mechanism of the derived carbon was explained by various electrochemical analysis methods and microstructure characterization techniques,and the relationship between the structural characteristics and electrochemical properties was researched.In a supercapacitor,the porous carbon material exhibits a specific capacitance of 307.2 F g-1at a current density of 0.2 A g-1in a KOH aqueous solution and achieves a retention rate of 99.88%after 10,000 cycles.The assembled symmetric supercapacitor device delivers a high energy density of 6.69 Wh kg-1,with a corresponding power density of 2500 W kg-1.In addition,density functional theory calculations further confirmed that N/S codoping can improve the adsorption capacities of potassium and hydroxyl ions in the derived carbon.展开更多
Materials with low thermal conductivity are applied extensively in energy management,and breaking the amorphous limits of thermal conductivity to solids has attracted widespread attention from scientists.Doping is a c...Materials with low thermal conductivity are applied extensively in energy management,and breaking the amorphous limits of thermal conductivity to solids has attracted widespread attention from scientists.Doping is a common strategy for achieving low thermal conductivity that can offer abundant scattering centers in which heavier dopants always result in lower phonon group velocities and lower thermal conductivities.However,the amount of equivalent heavyatom single dopant available is limited.Unfortunately,nonequivalent heavy dopants have finite solubility because of charge imbalance.Here,we propose a charge balance strategy for SnS by substituting Sn2+with Ag+and heavy Bi3+,improving the doping limit of Ag from 2%to 3%.Ag and Bi codoping increases the point defect concentration and introduces abundant boundaries simultaneously,scattering the phonons at both the atomic scale and nanoscale.The thermal conductivity of Ag0.03Bi0.03Sn0.94S decreased to 0.535 W·m−1·K−1at room temperature and 0.388 W·m−1·K−1at 275°C,which is below the amorphous limit of 0.450 W·m−1·K−1for SnS.This strategy offers a simple way to enhance the doping limit and achieve ultralow thermal conductivity in solids below the amorphous limit without precise structural modification.展开更多
In this paper we present a novel report on the upconversion luminescence performance of NaY0.92Yb0.05Er0.03F4 enhanced by Zr^4+ codoping. The luminescence intensity of the tridoped hexagonal NaYF_4 synthesized by a h...In this paper we present a novel report on the upconversion luminescence performance of NaY0.92Yb0.05Er0.03F4 enhanced by Zr^4+ codoping. The luminescence intensity of the tridoped hexagonal NaYF_4 synthesized by a hydrothermal method increased to the maximum, about seven times of the non-Zr^4+ sample when the Zr^4+ codoping concentration rose to 6 mol%, while the luminescence lifetime was also prolonged by Zr^4+ codoping. To explore the relationships between the microstructure and upconversion properties, X-ray powder diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscope, electron energy-dispersive spectroscopy and upconversion emission spectroscopy were employed. From these characterizations, we found that the codoping of Zr^4+ could modulate the crystal microstructure of NaYF_4 for higher upconversion luminescence intensity and longer lifetime. This study may be helpful for the design and synthesis of high-performance upconversion materials.展开更多
Near-infrared second window(NIR-Ⅱ;1000-1700 nm)phosphor-converted light-emitting diodes(pc-LEDs)have received substantial attention owing to their widespread applications in night vision,bioimaging,and nondestructive...Near-infrared second window(NIR-Ⅱ;1000-1700 nm)phosphor-converted light-emitting diodes(pc-LEDs)have received substantial attention owing to their widespread applications in night vision,bioimaging,and nondestructive testing.However,efficient NIR-Ⅱbroadband phosphors that can be excited by commercially available blue-LED chips are lacking.Ni2+-activated phosphors typically emit in the NIR-Ⅱregion;however,because of their poor absorption in the blue-light region,their quantum efficiency is low.Herein,Cr3+,Ni2+-coactivated NIR Mg2YVO6(MYVO)double-perovskite phosphors were synthesized via the high-temperature solid-state reaction,realizing double emission in the NIR-ⅠandⅡregions ranging from 700 to 1700 nm.Under 473 nm excitation,owing to the efficient energy transfer(ET)from Cr3+to Ni2+,the MYVO:Cr3+,Ni2+phosphor exhibits an improved NIR-Ⅱemission peak at 1334 nm,demonstrating a full-width at half maximum of 240 nm.Compared with that of MYVO:0.015Ni2+,the internal quantum efficiency of MYVO:0.015Cr3+,0.015Ni2+increases from 15.4%to 42.4%while maintaining excellent overall thermal stability(89.34%at 423 K).Finally,the MYVO:Cr3+,Ni2+phosphor is combined with a 475 nm blue chip to fabricate an NIR pc-LED,demonstrating the potential applications of NIR-Ⅱlight sources in night vision,biological imaging,and spectral analysis.The codoping of Cr3+and Ni2+addresses the issue of the ineffective excitation of Ni2+luminescence by blue light,providing a design approach to the development of numerous ultra-broadband NIR-Ⅱpc-LEDs based on blue-LED chips.展开更多
The bulk heterostructuring of TiO2via codoping with nonmetals still holds possibilities for the potential development of a visible light photocatalyst and for overcoming the obstacles bracketed with metal ion subst...The bulk heterostructuring of TiO2via codoping with nonmetals still holds possibilities for the potential development of a visible light photocatalyst and for overcoming the obstacles bracketed with metal ion substitution.In particular,tridoping of C-N-S into TiO2was spotlighted with due consideration of its mesmerizing features like simultaneous and relatively low energy substitution of carbon,nitrogen and sulfur from the available precursors(thiourea,L-cystine and L-cysteine),stabilization of the anatase crystal structure,red shift in the band gap response towards the solar spectrum,cooperative interactions with these codopants,and the absence of any impure phase formation even at elevated temperature and with high doping density during the substitution process.Despite these flexibilities,accessible reports on C-N-S-TiO2are not extensive and the discussions presented are far from the relevant aspects of the doping mechanism.With the intention of shedding light on the pros and cons of C-N-S-TiO2,this review is framed with the following viewpoints:(i)underscoring their beneficial effects in photocatalysis;(ii)underlining the doping mode of each dopant in the codoped system with respect to the reaction conditions;(iii)contradictions about the doping states of each dopant in the codoped system with reference to the previous literature;(iv)tentative discussion concepts like modifications of defect structures,dopant distribution,doping mode,mutual interferences among the dopants and crystallization kinetics in the course of codoping.The results emphasize that the codoping process involving carbon,nitrogen and sulfur is quite obfuscated as several doping modes are witnessed for each dopant,which are coupled to other factors like dopant diffusivity and solubility,extent of doping,dopant segregation at the surface,nature of the dopant precursor,unpredictable interactions of the dopant states,and interactive reactions between the dopant and titania precursor together with the annealing conditions.With critical analysis with reference to TiO2,it is envisaged that thiourea is the best functional precursor to attain diverse doping states for nitrogen,and cationic and anionic doping states for carbon and sulfur,together with the formation of adsorbed sulfate anions.Future research must shed light on the dopant-dopant and dopant-lattice interactions followed by their synergism at the structure-electronic level to uncover the doping mechanism in the codoped systems.展开更多
Co-free Ni-rich layered oxide LiNi0.8Mn0.2O2 has garnered considerable attention due to its high energy density and low cost.However,under high-voltage operation,its practical application suffers from severe ...Co-free Ni-rich layered oxide LiNi0.8Mn0.2O2 has garnered considerable attention due to its high energy density and low cost.However,under high-voltage operation,its practical application suffers from severe lattice oxygen release and irre-versible H2→H3 transition,resulting in structural degradation and rapid capacity fading.To address this inconvenience,this study proposes a Fe/Zr codoping strategy:the incorporated Fe modulates the local transition metal-oxygen elec-tronic environment and stabilizes the local oxygen coordination environment via Fe-O interactions,while Zr4+exerts a lattice-anchoring effect through strong Zr-O bonding,thereby suppressing oxygen loss and detrimental phase transitions upon deep delithiation.The codoped cathode material retains a well-defined layered structure and exhibits superior elec-trochemical performance;it delivers a high reversible capacity of 207.06 mAh g−1 at 0.1 C,achieves capacity retention of 81.55%after 200 cycles at 1 C,and maintains a high rate capability of 141.76 mAh g−1 at 5 C.This study provides an effective doping strategy for stabilizing lattice oxygen and modulating charge compensation in Co-free Ni-rich cathode materials.展开更多
Low-dimensional metal halides have emerged as promising platforms for the development of new-generation phosphor-converted light emitting diodes(pc-LEDs),in which zero-dimensional(0D)hybrids with lone-pair ns2state...Low-dimensional metal halides have emerged as promising platforms for the development of new-generation phosphor-converted light emitting diodes(pc-LEDs),in which zero-dimensional(0D)hybrids with lone-pair ns2states,in particular,show unprecedented competitiveness owing to their fascinating photoluminescence(PL)properties.展开更多
Infrared-to-visible upconverted luminescent spectra of Er3 t and La3 t codoped Y2O3 powders are investigated.By introducing La3 t ions, the upconversion green radiation is found to be greatly enhanced when compared wi...Infrared-to-visible upconverted luminescent spectra of Er3 t and La3 t codoped Y2O3 powders are investigated.By introducing La3 t ions, the upconversion green radiation is found to be greatly enhanced when compared with the powders with La3 t absent. Such enhancement can be attributed to the modification of the local symmetry surrounding the Er3 t ion, which benefits the intra-4f transitions of Er3 t ion, and the decreasing interaction between Er3 t ions, which suppresses the energy transfer process4F7∕2t 4I11∕2→ 4F9∕2t 4F9∕2.展开更多
B-site metal doping has potentials to suppress both the point defects and boundary defects of lead halide perovskites,while the differences in ionic radii of dopants and parent atoms induce remarkable local strains th...B-site metal doping has potentials to suppress both the point defects and boundary defects of lead halide perovskites,while the differences in ionic radii of dopants and parent atoms induce remarkable local strains that severely limit the sizes of crystalline grains in thin films.Herein,FA has been introduced into Co-doped MAPbI3 to relax the local strains to improve the qualities of MAPbI3 thin films.Experimental and theoretical studies suggest that Co doping induced remarkable local tensile strains,which are effectively relaxed by doping FA.Further studies suggest that doping of FA decreases the boundary defects and tunes the Fermi energy of Co-doped MAPbI3 thin films simultaneously,which effectively suppresses non-radiative recombination and improves the carrier transport at MAPbI3/ITO interfaces.On these bases,efficient transport layer-free MAPbI3/ITO photodetectors with the responsivity and external quantum efficiency(EQE)as high as 0.094 A/W and 28%at zero bias have been achieved.These results have provided promising pathways for obtaining efficient transport-layer-free perovskite photodetectors in the future.展开更多
Metal halides show great promise as a new generation of near-infrared(NIR)light-emitting materials.Compared with other light-emitting materials,double perovskites possess structures with different dimensionalities,whi...Metal halides show great promise as a new generation of near-infrared(NIR)light-emitting materials.Compared with other light-emitting materials,double perovskites possess structures with different dimensionalities,which can support multiple emission centers,leading to varied photoluminescence.Among various doping centers,ytterbium(Ⅲ)(Yb3+)has attracted attention because of its unique twoenergy-level structure(2F5/2 and 2F7/2).However,the NIR emission of Yb3+remains unsatisfactory because of poor resonance energy transfer between Yb3+and sensitizers.Here,effective NIR-emitting lead-free perovskites are developed by co-doping antimony(Ⅲ)(Sb3+)and lanthanide(Ⅲ)ions into Cs2NaInCl6.Under excitation at 318 nm,Cs2NaInCl6:Sb3+/Yb3+showed a broadband NIR emission peak at 1001 nm,whereas Cs2NaInCl6:Sb3+/Nd3+exhibited three NIR emission peaks at 896,1077,and 1358 nm.The exciton dynamics of the materials were investigated.Experiments and density functional theory calculations revealed that the NIR emission of Yb3+originated from a charge-transfer state(CTS)and energy transfer,whereas that of Nd3+arose from resonance energy transfer.Profiting from the high-energy selftrapped exciton(STE)emission and CTS with Yb3+,a high photoluminescence quantum yield of 48.95%was realized.The excellent NIR luminescence performance combined with high environmental stability demonstrates the potential of these metal halides for use in night-vision technologies.展开更多
The electronic structure and optical properties of N and Fe codoping Ti02 have been investigated by first-principles calculations based on density functional theory. The calculated results indicate that the stability ...The electronic structure and optical properties of N and Fe codoping Ti02 have been investigated by first-principles calculations based on density functional theory. The calculated results indicate that the stability of N and Fe codoping TiO2 will change at different substitutional sites of N and Fe. The mechanism of band gap narrowing of doping Ti02 is discussed by investigating the density of state. The different substitutional site of N and Fe in codoping TiO2 influences the visible-light absorption. An increased visible-light absorption for doping TiO2 results from the synergistic effect of N and Fe codoping. Therefore, N and Fe codoping may enhance the visible-light photocatalytic activity of TiO2.展开更多
With the support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,the research teams led by Prof.Xu Xiaohong(许小红)at the School of Chemistry and Materials Science,Shanxi Normal University and Prof.Zhang Zhenyu ...With the support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,the research teams led by Prof.Xu Xiaohong(许小红)at the School of Chemistry and Materials Science,Shanxi Normal University and Prof.Zhang Zhenyu at ICQD,University of Science and Technology of China used vanadium-iodine(Ⅴ-Ⅰ)codoped Sb2Te3 to realize high-temperature quantum anomalous Hall effect(QAHE),which was展开更多
基金Project supported by the National Key Research and Development Program,China(2022YFB3503600)Manned Space Station Engineering Space Science and Applications Program(MSAP)(ZDBS-ZRKJZTLC011)+3 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,China(11975303,12211530561,12305211)Shanghai Municipal Natural Science Foundation,China(21TS1400100)CAS Cooperative Research Project(121631KYSB20210017)CAS Project for Young Scientist in Basic Research(YSBR-024)。
摘要In this study,a batch of φ12 mm Cs2LiYCl6:Ce crystals codoped with different contents of Cu+and Sc3+was successfully grown using the Multi-ampule Bridgeman method.A new emission peaking at 418 nm is found in the photoluminescence spectra of CLYC:Ce codoped with Cu+ion.Codoping Cu+or Sc3+both increases the proportion of intrinsic self-trapped exciton(STE)luminescence,and extends the excitation band of Ce3+,especially in Cu+codoped samples,where a new absorption peak at 248 nm can be identified.The light yield of Cu+codoped samples remains largely unchanged,but the energy resolution shows a slight deterioration.Both light yield and energy resolution degrade after Sc3+codoping,and the effect is much severe than that of Cu+codoped samples.X-ray induced afterglow can be suppressed after Cu+codoping and low content of Sc3+codoping.The scintillation decay variation also depends on the codoping ions and their contents.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 52071041, 11874356, 51802034)supported by the Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences, CAS (Grant No.QYZDB-SSW-SLH016)
摘要Mg3Sb2has attracted intensive attention as a typical Zintl-type thermoelectric material.Despite the exceptional thermoelectric performance in n-type Mg3Sb2,the dimensionless figure of merit(zT)of p-type Mg3Sb2remains lower than 1,which is mainly attributed to its inferior electrical properties.Herein,we synergistically optimize the thermoelectric properties of p-type Mg3Sb2materials via codoping of Cd and Ag,which were synthesized by high-energy ball milling combined with hot pressing.It is found that Cd doping not only increases the carrier mobility of p-type Mg3Sb2,but also diminishes its thermal conductivity(κtot),with Mg2.85Cd0.5Sb2achieving a lowκtot value of∼0.67 W m−1K−1at room temperature.Further Ag doping elevates the carrier concentration,so that the power factor is optimized over the entire temperature range.Eventually,a peak zT of∼0.75 at 773 K and an excellent average zT of∼0.41 over 300−773 K are obtained in Mg2.82Ag0.03Cd0.5Sb2,which are∼240%and∼490%higher than those of pristine Mg3.4Sb2,respectively.This study provides an effective pathway to synergistically improve the thermoelectric performance of p-type Mg3Sb2by codoping Cd and Ag,which is beneficial to the future applications of Mg3Sb2-based thermoelectric materials.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 51772120, 11604246, 51872112, and 11804305)the Project of Jilin Science and Technology Development Plan (Grant No. 20180201079GX)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing, China (Grant No. cstc2019jcyj-msxm X0391)the Science and Technology Research Program of Chongqing Municipal Education Commission (Grant No. KJQN201901405)。
摘要Diamond crystals were synthesized with different doping proportions of N-H-O at 5.5 GPa-7.1 GPa and 1370℃-1450℃. With the increase in the N-H-O doping ratio, the crystal growth rate decreased, the temperature and pressure conditions required for diamond nucleation became increasingly stringent, and the diamond crystallization process was affected. [111] became the dominant plane of diamonds;surface morphology became block-like;and growth texture,stacking faults, and etch pits increased. The diamond crystals had a two-dimensional growth habit. Increasing the doping concentration also increased the amount of N that entered the diamond crystals as confirmed via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. However, crystal quality gradually deteriorated as verified by the red-shifting of Raman peak positions and the widening of the Raman full width at half maximum. With the increase in the doping ratio, the photoluminescence property of the diamond crystals also drastically changed. The intensity of the N vacancy center of the diamond crystals changed, and several Ni-related defect centers, such as the NE1 and NE3 centers, appeared. Diamond synthesis in N-H-O-bearing fluid provides important information for deepening our understanding of the growth characteristics of diamonds in complex systems and the formation mechanism of natural diamonds, which are almost always N-rich and full of various defect centers. Meanwhile, this study proved that the type of defect centers in diamond crystals could be regulated by controlling the N-H-O impurity contents of the synthesis system.
基金Key Research and Development Program of Zhejiang,Grant/Award Number:2021C03022National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Numbers:22002104,22272115,22202145,22202146,22102112,22202147。
摘要Catalyst design relies heavily on electronic metal‐support interactions,but the metal‐support interface with an uncontrollable electronic or coordination environment makes it challenging.Herein,we outline a promising approach for the rational design of catalysts involving heteroatoms as anchors for Pd nanoparticles for ethanol oxidation reaction(EOR)catalysis.The doped B and N atoms from dimethylamine borane(DB)occupy the position of the Ti3C2 lattice to anchor the supported Pd nanoparticles.The electrons transfer from the support to B atoms,and then to the metal Pd to form a stable electronic center.A strong electronic interaction can be produced and the d‐band center can be shifted down,driving Pd into the dominant metallic state and making Pd nanoparticles deposit uniformly on the support.As‐obtained Pd/DB–Ti3C2 exhibits superior durability to its counterpart(∼14.6% retention)with 91.1% retention after 2000 cycles,placing it among the top single metal anodic catalysts.Further,in situ Raman and density functional theory computations confirm that Pd/DB–Ti3C2 is capable of dehydrogenating ethanol at low reaction energies.
基金supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2013AA032205)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51272022)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(Grant No.2012JBZ001)
摘要In this work, a simple method to modulate the crystal phase and morphology with a large amount of K+ions codoping is proposed. The phase changes to the mixture of β-Na YF4 and β-KYF4 with increasing the content of K^+ions to 80 mol%.When it exceeds 80 mol%, β-Na YF4 disappears gradually and β-KYF4 dominates with a poor crystalline. In addition, the morphology changes from nanosphere to nanoplate, and then to nanoprism, which indicates that a higher content of K^+ions favors the growth rates along [0001] than the [10-10] of the nanocrystals. Additionally, the upconversion(UC) luminescence properties and the ratio of red/green(R/G) UC intensity of samples with different phases and morphologies are detected,which makes it possible to tune the UC fluorescence by varying the concentration of K^+ions.
基金supported by the NKBRSF (2007CB815202)NKBRSF (No. 2009CB220010)+2 种基金NSFC (20833008)NSFC (No. 20973168)the Solar Energy Initiative of the Knowledge Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Science (No. KGCX2-YW-394-2)
摘要In this study, we have performed first-principles screened exchanged hybrid density function theory with the HSE06 function calculations of the C-Mo, C-W, N-Nb and N-Ta codoped anatase TiO2 systems to investigate the effect of codoping on the electronic structure of TiO2. The calculated results demonstrate that (W(s)+C(s)) codoped TiO2 narrows the band gap significantly, and have little influence on the position of conduction band edges, therefore, enhances the efficiency of the photocatalytic hydrogen generation from water and the photodegradation of organic pollutants. Moreover, the proper oxygen pressure and temperature are two key factors during synthesis which should be carefully under control so that the desired (W(s)+C(s)) codoped TiO2 can be obtained.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No 11474339the National Basic Research Program of China under Grant No 2016YFA0300301the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
摘要In the iron-based high-To bulk superconductors, Tc above 50 K was only observed in the electron-doped 1111-type compounds. Here we revisit the electron-doped SmFeAsO polycrystals to make a further investigation for the highest Tc in these materials. To introduce more electron carriers and less crystal lattice distortions, we study the Th and F eodoping effects into the Sm-O layers with heavy electron doping. Dozens of Sm1-xThx FeAsO1-yFy samples are synthesized through the solid state reaction method, and these samples are carefully characterized by the structural, resistive, and magnetic measurements. We find that the codoping of Th and F clearly enhances the superconducting Tc more than the Th or F single-doped samples, with the highest record Tc up to 58.6K when x = 0.2 and y=0.225. Further element doping causes more impurities and lattice distortions in the samples with a weakened superconductivity.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.11347199,51402244,and 11547311the Specialized Research Fund for Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China under Grant No.20130184120028+2 种基金the Fundamental Research Fund for the Central UniversitiesChina under Grant Nos.2682014CX084,2682014ZT30,and 2682014ZT31the fund of the State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing in NWPU under Grant No.SKLSP201511
摘要The structural,electronic properties and formation energies of sulfur and alkaline earth codoped delafossite CuAlO_2 have been investigated using the first-principles density functional theory calculations.Our results reveal that the volume of codoping systems increases with the increasing atomic radius of metal atoms.The formation energies under different growth conditions have been calculated,showing that the codoping systems are formed easily under O-rich growth conditions.Electronic band structures and density of states have been obtained.The decreased bandgaps,enhanced covalence and appearance of electron acceptors after codoping are all good for p-type conductivity.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51764029, 52004116)the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2019YFC1803501)+1 种基金the Applied Basic Research Plan of Yunnan Province(202001AU070039, 2018FB087)the Science Research Foundation of Yunnan Provincial Department of Education (2020J0070)
摘要Carbon-based materials have become a research hotspot in the field of energy storage devices in recent years due to their abundant resources,low cost,and environmental friendliness.However,the low capacity and poor high rate performance still constitute great challenges.Metal organic framework-derived carbon has been widely researched because of its high porosity,tunable structure,and good conductivity.In this work,N/S codoped hierarchical porous carbon microspheres were prepared by a high-temperature heat treatment and atomic doping process using a zinc-based organic framework as the precursor.When used as a potassium-ion battery anode,it has a high reversible specific capacity(435.7 mAh g-1),good rate performance(133.5 mAh g-1at 10,000 m A g-1),and long-term cycling stability(73.2%capacity retention after the 2500th cycle).The potassium storage mechanism of the derived carbon was explained by various electrochemical analysis methods and microstructure characterization techniques,and the relationship between the structural characteristics and electrochemical properties was researched.In a supercapacitor,the porous carbon material exhibits a specific capacitance of 307.2 F g-1at a current density of 0.2 A g-1in a KOH aqueous solution and achieves a retention rate of 99.88%after 10,000 cycles.The assembled symmetric supercapacitor device delivers a high energy density of 6.69 Wh kg-1,with a corresponding power density of 2500 W kg-1.In addition,density functional theory calculations further confirmed that N/S codoping can improve the adsorption capacities of potassium and hydroxyl ions in the derived carbon.
基金supported by the CAS Project for Young Scientists in Basic Research(YSBR-070)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21925110,21890750,U2032161,12147105)+8 种基金the USTC Research Funds of the Double First-Class Initiative(YD2060002004)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFA1203600,2022YFA1203601,2022YFA1203602)the Natural Science Foundation of China-Anhui Joint Fund(U23A20121)the Outstanding Youth Foundation of Anhui Province(2208085J14)the Anhui Provincial Key Research and Development Project(202004a050200760)the Key R&D Program of Shandong Province(2021CXGC010302)the Users with Excellence Project of Hefei Science Center CAS(2021HSC-UE004)the Fellowship of the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2022M710141)the open foundation of the Key Laboratory of the Engineering Research Center of Building Energy Efficiency Control and Evaluation,Ministry of Education(AHJZNX-2023-04).
摘要Materials with low thermal conductivity are applied extensively in energy management,and breaking the amorphous limits of thermal conductivity to solids has attracted widespread attention from scientists.Doping is a common strategy for achieving low thermal conductivity that can offer abundant scattering centers in which heavier dopants always result in lower phonon group velocities and lower thermal conductivities.However,the amount of equivalent heavyatom single dopant available is limited.Unfortunately,nonequivalent heavy dopants have finite solubility because of charge imbalance.Here,we propose a charge balance strategy for SnS by substituting Sn2+with Ag+and heavy Bi3+,improving the doping limit of Ag from 2%to 3%.Ag and Bi codoping increases the point defect concentration and introduces abundant boundaries simultaneously,scattering the phonons at both the atomic scale and nanoscale.The thermal conductivity of Ag0.03Bi0.03Sn0.94S decreased to 0.535 W·m−1·K−1at room temperature and 0.388 W·m−1·K−1at 275°C,which is below the amorphous limit of 0.450 W·m−1·K−1for SnS.This strategy offers a simple way to enhance the doping limit and achieve ultralow thermal conductivity in solids below the amorphous limit without precise structural modification.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51102047,51472050)State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment Open Project
摘要In this paper we present a novel report on the upconversion luminescence performance of NaY0.92Yb0.05Er0.03F4 enhanced by Zr^4+ codoping. The luminescence intensity of the tridoped hexagonal NaYF_4 synthesized by a hydrothermal method increased to the maximum, about seven times of the non-Zr^4+ sample when the Zr^4+ codoping concentration rose to 6 mol%, while the luminescence lifetime was also prolonged by Zr^4+ codoping. To explore the relationships between the microstructure and upconversion properties, X-ray powder diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscope, electron energy-dispersive spectroscopy and upconversion emission spectroscopy were employed. From these characterizations, we found that the codoping of Zr^4+ could modulate the crystal microstructure of NaYF_4 for higher upconversion luminescence intensity and longer lifetime. This study may be helpful for the design and synthesis of high-performance upconversion materials.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51972065)Guangdong Natural Science Foundation(2021A1515010179)。
摘要Near-infrared second window(NIR-Ⅱ;1000-1700 nm)phosphor-converted light-emitting diodes(pc-LEDs)have received substantial attention owing to their widespread applications in night vision,bioimaging,and nondestructive testing.However,efficient NIR-Ⅱbroadband phosphors that can be excited by commercially available blue-LED chips are lacking.Ni2+-activated phosphors typically emit in the NIR-Ⅱregion;however,because of their poor absorption in the blue-light region,their quantum efficiency is low.Herein,Cr3+,Ni2+-coactivated NIR Mg2YVO6(MYVO)double-perovskite phosphors were synthesized via the high-temperature solid-state reaction,realizing double emission in the NIR-ⅠandⅡregions ranging from 700 to 1700 nm.Under 473 nm excitation,owing to the efficient energy transfer(ET)from Cr3+to Ni2+,the MYVO:Cr3+,Ni2+phosphor exhibits an improved NIR-Ⅱemission peak at 1334 nm,demonstrating a full-width at half maximum of 240 nm.Compared with that of MYVO:0.015Ni2+,the internal quantum efficiency of MYVO:0.015Cr3+,0.015Ni2+increases from 15.4%to 42.4%while maintaining excellent overall thermal stability(89.34%at 423 K).Finally,the MYVO:Cr3+,Ni2+phosphor is combined with a 475 nm blue chip to fabricate an NIR pc-LED,demonstrating the potential applications of NIR-Ⅱlight sources in night vision,biological imaging,and spectral analysis.The codoping of Cr3+and Ni2+addresses the issue of the ineffective excitation of Ni2+luminescence by blue light,providing a design approach to the development of numerous ultra-broadband NIR-Ⅱpc-LEDs based on blue-LED chips.
摘要The bulk heterostructuring of TiO2via codoping with nonmetals still holds possibilities for the potential development of a visible light photocatalyst and for overcoming the obstacles bracketed with metal ion substitution.In particular,tridoping of C-N-S into TiO2was spotlighted with due consideration of its mesmerizing features like simultaneous and relatively low energy substitution of carbon,nitrogen and sulfur from the available precursors(thiourea,L-cystine and L-cysteine),stabilization of the anatase crystal structure,red shift in the band gap response towards the solar spectrum,cooperative interactions with these codopants,and the absence of any impure phase formation even at elevated temperature and with high doping density during the substitution process.Despite these flexibilities,accessible reports on C-N-S-TiO2are not extensive and the discussions presented are far from the relevant aspects of the doping mechanism.With the intention of shedding light on the pros and cons of C-N-S-TiO2,this review is framed with the following viewpoints:(i)underscoring their beneficial effects in photocatalysis;(ii)underlining the doping mode of each dopant in the codoped system with respect to the reaction conditions;(iii)contradictions about the doping states of each dopant in the codoped system with reference to the previous literature;(iv)tentative discussion concepts like modifications of defect structures,dopant distribution,doping mode,mutual interferences among the dopants and crystallization kinetics in the course of codoping.The results emphasize that the codoping process involving carbon,nitrogen and sulfur is quite obfuscated as several doping modes are witnessed for each dopant,which are coupled to other factors like dopant diffusivity and solubility,extent of doping,dopant segregation at the surface,nature of the dopant precursor,unpredictable interactions of the dopant states,and interactive reactions between the dopant and titania precursor together with the annealing conditions.With critical analysis with reference to TiO2,it is envisaged that thiourea is the best functional precursor to attain diverse doping states for nitrogen,and cationic and anionic doping states for carbon and sulfur,together with the formation of adsorbed sulfate anions.Future research must shed light on the dopant-dopant and dopant-lattice interactions followed by their synergism at the structure-electronic level to uncover the doping mechanism in the codoped systems.
基金granted by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.22408053).
摘要Co-free Ni-rich layered oxide LiNi0.8Mn0.2O2 has garnered considerable attention due to its high energy density and low cost.However,under high-voltage operation,its practical application suffers from severe lattice oxygen release and irre-versible H2→H3 transition,resulting in structural degradation and rapid capacity fading.To address this inconvenience,this study proposes a Fe/Zr codoping strategy:the incorporated Fe modulates the local transition metal-oxygen elec-tronic environment and stabilizes the local oxygen coordination environment via Fe-O interactions,while Zr4+exerts a lattice-anchoring effect through strong Zr-O bonding,thereby suppressing oxygen loss and detrimental phase transitions upon deep delithiation.The codoped cathode material retains a well-defined layered structure and exhibits superior elec-trochemical performance;it delivers a high reversible capacity of 207.06 mAh g−1 at 0.1 C,achieves capacity retention of 81.55%after 200 cycles at 1 C,and maintains a high rate capability of 141.76 mAh g−1 at 5 C.This study provides an effective doping strategy for stabilizing lattice oxygen and modulating charge compensation in Co-free Ni-rich cathode materials.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province(No.20210302124054)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21871167)+2 种基金the Science and Technology Innovation Project of Colleges and Universities in Shanxi Province(No.2021L262)the 1331 Project of Shanxi Province and the Postgraduate Innovation Project of Shanxi Normal University(No.2021XSY040)funded by RFBR according to the research project No.19-52-80003.
摘要Low-dimensional metal halides have emerged as promising platforms for the development of new-generation phosphor-converted light emitting diodes(pc-LEDs),in which zero-dimensional(0D)hybrids with lone-pair ns2states,in particular,show unprecedented competitiveness owing to their fascinating photoluminescence(PL)properties.
基金financially supported by the Nature Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province under Grant No.LQ13F050003
摘要Infrared-to-visible upconverted luminescent spectra of Er3 t and La3 t codoped Y2O3 powders are investigated.By introducing La3 t ions, the upconversion green radiation is found to be greatly enhanced when compared with the powders with La3 t absent. Such enhancement can be attributed to the modification of the local symmetry surrounding the Er3 t ion, which benefits the intra-4f transitions of Er3 t ion, and the decreasing interaction between Er3 t ions, which suppresses the energy transfer process4F7∕2t 4I11∕2→ 4F9∕2t 4F9∕2.
摘要B-site metal doping has potentials to suppress both the point defects and boundary defects of lead halide perovskites,while the differences in ionic radii of dopants and parent atoms induce remarkable local strains that severely limit the sizes of crystalline grains in thin films.Herein,FA has been introduced into Co-doped MAPbI3 to relax the local strains to improve the qualities of MAPbI3 thin films.Experimental and theoretical studies suggest that Co doping induced remarkable local tensile strains,which are effectively relaxed by doping FA.Further studies suggest that doping of FA decreases the boundary defects and tunes the Fermi energy of Co-doped MAPbI3 thin films simultaneously,which effectively suppresses non-radiative recombination and improves the carrier transport at MAPbI3/ITO interfaces.On these bases,efficient transport layer-free MAPbI3/ITO photodetectors with the responsivity and external quantum efficiency(EQE)as high as 0.094 A/W and 28%at zero bias have been achieved.These results have provided promising pathways for obtaining efficient transport-layer-free perovskite photodetectors in the future.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.61874074)Science and Technology Project of Shenzhen(Grant No.JCYJ20220531100815034)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(General Program,Grant No.2022A1515012055).
摘要Metal halides show great promise as a new generation of near-infrared(NIR)light-emitting materials.Compared with other light-emitting materials,double perovskites possess structures with different dimensionalities,which can support multiple emission centers,leading to varied photoluminescence.Among various doping centers,ytterbium(Ⅲ)(Yb3+)has attracted attention because of its unique twoenergy-level structure(2F5/2 and 2F7/2).However,the NIR emission of Yb3+remains unsatisfactory because of poor resonance energy transfer between Yb3+and sensitizers.Here,effective NIR-emitting lead-free perovskites are developed by co-doping antimony(Ⅲ)(Sb3+)and lanthanide(Ⅲ)ions into Cs2NaInCl6.Under excitation at 318 nm,Cs2NaInCl6:Sb3+/Yb3+showed a broadband NIR emission peak at 1001 nm,whereas Cs2NaInCl6:Sb3+/Nd3+exhibited three NIR emission peaks at 896,1077,and 1358 nm.The exciton dynamics of the materials were investigated.Experiments and density functional theory calculations revealed that the NIR emission of Yb3+originated from a charge-transfer state(CTS)and energy transfer,whereas that of Nd3+arose from resonance energy transfer.Profiting from the high-energy selftrapped exciton(STE)emission and CTS with Yb3+,a high photoluminescence quantum yield of 48.95%was realized.The excellent NIR luminescence performance combined with high environmental stability demonstrates the potential of these metal halides for use in night-vision technologies.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.11005050)the Graduate Innovation Project of Jiangsu Province(No.SJLX_0517)
摘要The electronic structure and optical properties of N and Fe codoping Ti02 have been investigated by first-principles calculations based on density functional theory. The calculated results indicate that the stability of N and Fe codoping TiO2 will change at different substitutional sites of N and Fe. The mechanism of band gap narrowing of doping Ti02 is discussed by investigating the density of state. The different substitutional site of N and Fe in codoping TiO2 influences the visible-light absorption. An increased visible-light absorption for doping TiO2 results from the synergistic effect of N and Fe codoping. Therefore, N and Fe codoping may enhance the visible-light photocatalytic activity of TiO2.
摘要With the support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,the research teams led by Prof.Xu Xiaohong(许小红)at the School of Chemistry and Materials Science,Shanxi Normal University and Prof.Zhang Zhenyu at ICQD,University of Science and Technology of China used vanadium-iodine(Ⅴ-Ⅰ)codoped Sb2Te3 to realize high-temperature quantum anomalous Hall effect(QAHE),which was