With the new development trend of multi-resource coordinated Earth observation and the new goal of Earth observation application of“short response time,high observation accuracy,and wide coverage”,space-aeronautics ...With the new development trend of multi-resource coordinated Earth observation and the new goal of Earth observation application of“short response time,high observation accuracy,and wide coverage”,space-aeronautics cooperative complex task planning problem has become an urgent problem to be solved.The focus of this problem is to use multiple resources to perform collaborative observations on complex tasks.By analyzing the process from task assignment to receiving task observation results,we propose a multi-layer interactive task planning framework which is composed of a preprocessing method for complex tasks,a task allocation layer,a task planning layer,and a task coordination layer.According to the characteristics of the framework,a hybrid genetic parallel tabu(HGPT)algorithm is proposed on this basis.The algorithm uses genetic annealing algorithm(GAA),parallel tabu(PT)algorithm,and heuristic rules to achieve task allocation,task planning,and task coordination.At the same time,coding improvements,operator design,annealing operations,and parallel calculations are added to the algorithm.In order to verify the effectiveness of the algorithm,simulation experiments under complex task scenarios of different scales are carried out.Experimental results show that this method can effectively solve the problems of observing complex tasks.Meanwhile,the optimization effect and convergence speed of the HGPT is better than that of the related algorithms.展开更多
It is an urgent problem for robots to operate complex tasks with some unknown motion mechanisms caused by the strong coupling of force and motion. However, humans can perform complex tasks well due to their natural ev...It is an urgent problem for robots to operate complex tasks with some unknown motion mechanisms caused by the strong coupling of force and motion. However, humans can perform complex tasks well due to their natural evolution and postnatal training. A novel biomimetic control method based on a human motion mechanism with high movement adaptability is proposed in this paper. The core is to present a novel variable-parameter compliance controller based on human operation mechanisms with an action-planning method derived from optimization by human motion, and the main contribution is to change the parameters of compliance controller according to human operating intention synchronized with humanoid motion;this change could establish a humanoid map between the force and motion for a seven degree-of-freedom redundant manipulator to deal with the unknown motion mechanism in complex tasks, so the redundant manipulator can operate complex tasks with high performance. Sufficient experiments were performed, and the results validated the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.展开更多
Nowadays,collaborative writing has gained much attention of many scholars.And task complexity is a crucial factor that influences second language(L2)writing.However,little research has explored how task complexity aff...Nowadays,collaborative writing has gained much attention of many scholars.And task complexity is a crucial factor that influences second language(L2)writing.However,little research has explored how task complexity affects the quality of L2 collaborative writing.This study investigates the impact of task complexity on syntactic complexity,lexical complexity,and accuracy of the second language collaborative writing.English learners(N=50)in a Chinese university were required to complete two writing tasks collaboratively:a simple task and a complex task.Through analyzing their compositions,we found that task complexity has a significant impact on syntactic complexity and high complexity writing tasks help increase the syntactic complexity of second language collaborative writing.However,task complexity has little impact on lexical complexity and accuracy.The accuracy of writing tasks is largely influenced by the task requirements.The research results may enhance the understanding of collaborative writing and task complexity and provide valuable guidance for the second language teaching.展开更多
Task-Based Language Teaching has witnessed growing interest in the impact of task complexity on Second language(L2)learners’linguistic performance.Within this field,the influence of resource-directing and resource-di...Task-Based Language Teaching has witnessed growing interest in the impact of task complexity on Second language(L2)learners’linguistic performance.Within this field,the influence of resource-directing and resource-dispersing features of cognitive task complexity has attracted much attention.Research on task complexity focuses on the influence of different task features on language learners’production in terms of linguistic complexity,accuracy,fluency and lexis.Within this field,a line of investigation that has attracted much attention is the influence of resource-directing and resource-dispersing features of cognitive task complexity.The review is helpful for better understanding of task complexity and allows to draw some preliminary pedagogical implications that may be useful for task-based syllabus design.展开更多
In the past few years, the notion of task complexity has been receiving substantial attention in the field of second language acquisition. This paper explores task complexity from the cognitive perspective by analyzin...In the past few years, the notion of task complexity has been receiving substantial attention in the field of second language acquisition. This paper explores task complexity from the cognitive perspective by analyzing two studies with Skehan's limited capacity hypothesis and Robinson's cognition hypothesis. The two studies, namely You-Jin Kim's (2012) and Mirdamadi and Jong (2015), explore on how linguistic complexity affects language performance. Two hypotheses, Skehan's limited capacity hypothesis and Robinson's cognition hypothesis, explain the two studies from the cognitive perspective by predicting either that increasing task complexity reduces a pool of attentional capacity during task performance or that increasing complex tasks promotes greater accuracy and complexity of speech and writing. It is suggested that language teaching, syllabus designing in particular, should be based on the basis of task complexity.展开更多
[背景]近年来,车载信息系统(In-vehicle Information System,IVIS)在商用车市场呈现快速普及态势。这种基于触摸屏的人机交互系统虽然提升了信息可视化程度,但同时也带来了不容忽视的驾驶分心问题,对行车安全构成了潜在威胁。[目标]探...[背景]近年来,车载信息系统(In-vehicle Information System,IVIS)在商用车市场呈现快速普及态势。这种基于触摸屏的人机交互系统虽然提升了信息可视化程度,但同时也带来了不容忽视的驾驶分心问题,对行车安全构成了潜在威胁。[目标]探究交互任务复杂度及人口统计学参数对驾驶员与IVIS界面交互时的认知负荷及行为表现的影响。[方法]使用受试者内-受试者间的重复测量实验设计,招募60名驾驶员开展驾驶模拟器实验。通过广义估计方程及其事后检验,探究不同自变量对驾驶员注视分配、转向熵、行驶速度、操作完成时间及主客观认知负荷的影响,并通过Python编程软件对驾驶员与IVIS交互时的注视行为进行可视化。[结果]复杂度高的任务会导致驾驶员的注意力分散,驾驶表现较差(转向熵、操作完成时间增大),主客观认知负荷也呈增高趋势;男性驾驶员的平均行驶速度比女性高9.45 km/h;年长组驾驶员(41~60岁)虽任务操作完成时间较长,但风险感知能力更高。[应用]可为未来智能汽车IVIS交互优化及个性化人机交互设计提供指导,进而提升人机交互可靠性。展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(72001212).
摘要With the new development trend of multi-resource coordinated Earth observation and the new goal of Earth observation application of“short response time,high observation accuracy,and wide coverage”,space-aeronautics cooperative complex task planning problem has become an urgent problem to be solved.The focus of this problem is to use multiple resources to perform collaborative observations on complex tasks.By analyzing the process from task assignment to receiving task observation results,we propose a multi-layer interactive task planning framework which is composed of a preprocessing method for complex tasks,a task allocation layer,a task planning layer,and a task coordination layer.According to the characteristics of the framework,a hybrid genetic parallel tabu(HGPT)algorithm is proposed on this basis.The algorithm uses genetic annealing algorithm(GAA),parallel tabu(PT)algorithm,and heuristic rules to achieve task allocation,task planning,and task coordination.At the same time,coding improvements,operator design,annealing operations,and parallel calculations are added to the algorithm.In order to verify the effectiveness of the algorithm,simulation experiments under complex task scenarios of different scales are carried out.Experimental results show that this method can effectively solve the problems of observing complex tasks.Meanwhile,the optimization effect and convergence speed of the HGPT is better than that of the related algorithms.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2018YFB1305300)the Key Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61733001,U1713215)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61573063,61873039)
摘要It is an urgent problem for robots to operate complex tasks with some unknown motion mechanisms caused by the strong coupling of force and motion. However, humans can perform complex tasks well due to their natural evolution and postnatal training. A novel biomimetic control method based on a human motion mechanism with high movement adaptability is proposed in this paper. The core is to present a novel variable-parameter compliance controller based on human operation mechanisms with an action-planning method derived from optimization by human motion, and the main contribution is to change the parameters of compliance controller according to human operating intention synchronized with humanoid motion;this change could establish a humanoid map between the force and motion for a seven degree-of-freedom redundant manipulator to deal with the unknown motion mechanism in complex tasks, so the redundant manipulator can operate complex tasks with high performance. Sufficient experiments were performed, and the results validated the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
摘要Nowadays,collaborative writing has gained much attention of many scholars.And task complexity is a crucial factor that influences second language(L2)writing.However,little research has explored how task complexity affects the quality of L2 collaborative writing.This study investigates the impact of task complexity on syntactic complexity,lexical complexity,and accuracy of the second language collaborative writing.English learners(N=50)in a Chinese university were required to complete two writing tasks collaboratively:a simple task and a complex task.Through analyzing their compositions,we found that task complexity has a significant impact on syntactic complexity and high complexity writing tasks help increase the syntactic complexity of second language collaborative writing.However,task complexity has little impact on lexical complexity and accuracy.The accuracy of writing tasks is largely influenced by the task requirements.The research results may enhance the understanding of collaborative writing and task complexity and provide valuable guidance for the second language teaching.
摘要Task-Based Language Teaching has witnessed growing interest in the impact of task complexity on Second language(L2)learners’linguistic performance.Within this field,the influence of resource-directing and resource-dispersing features of cognitive task complexity has attracted much attention.Research on task complexity focuses on the influence of different task features on language learners’production in terms of linguistic complexity,accuracy,fluency and lexis.Within this field,a line of investigation that has attracted much attention is the influence of resource-directing and resource-dispersing features of cognitive task complexity.The review is helpful for better understanding of task complexity and allows to draw some preliminary pedagogical implications that may be useful for task-based syllabus design.
摘要In the past few years, the notion of task complexity has been receiving substantial attention in the field of second language acquisition. This paper explores task complexity from the cognitive perspective by analyzing two studies with Skehan's limited capacity hypothesis and Robinson's cognition hypothesis. The two studies, namely You-Jin Kim's (2012) and Mirdamadi and Jong (2015), explore on how linguistic complexity affects language performance. Two hypotheses, Skehan's limited capacity hypothesis and Robinson's cognition hypothesis, explain the two studies from the cognitive perspective by predicting either that increasing task complexity reduces a pool of attentional capacity during task performance or that increasing complex tasks promotes greater accuracy and complexity of speech and writing. It is suggested that language teaching, syllabus designing in particular, should be based on the basis of task complexity.
摘要[背景]近年来,车载信息系统(In-vehicle Information System,IVIS)在商用车市场呈现快速普及态势。这种基于触摸屏的人机交互系统虽然提升了信息可视化程度,但同时也带来了不容忽视的驾驶分心问题,对行车安全构成了潜在威胁。[目标]探究交互任务复杂度及人口统计学参数对驾驶员与IVIS界面交互时的认知负荷及行为表现的影响。[方法]使用受试者内-受试者间的重复测量实验设计,招募60名驾驶员开展驾驶模拟器实验。通过广义估计方程及其事后检验,探究不同自变量对驾驶员注视分配、转向熵、行驶速度、操作完成时间及主客观认知负荷的影响,并通过Python编程软件对驾驶员与IVIS交互时的注视行为进行可视化。[结果]复杂度高的任务会导致驾驶员的注意力分散,驾驶表现较差(转向熵、操作完成时间增大),主客观认知负荷也呈增高趋势;男性驾驶员的平均行驶速度比女性高9.45 km/h;年长组驾驶员(41~60岁)虽任务操作完成时间较长,但风险感知能力更高。[应用]可为未来智能汽车IVIS交互优化及个性化人机交互设计提供指导,进而提升人机交互可靠性。