The encoding/decoding scheme based on Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) for Optical Code Division Multiple Access (OCDMA) system is analyzed and the whole process from transmitting end to receiving end is researched in detail...The encoding/decoding scheme based on Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) for Optical Code Division Multiple Access (OCDMA) system is analyzed and the whole process from transmitting end to receiving end is researched in detail. The mathematical mode including signal transmission, summing, receiving and recovering are established respectively. One of the main sources of Bit Error Rate (BER) of OCDMA system based on FBGs is the unevenness of signal power spectrum, which leads to the chip powers unequal with each other. The Signal to Interfere Ratio (SIR) and BER performance of the system are studied and simulated at the case with uneven distribution of chips' powers.展开更多
Rail surface damage is a critical component of high-speed railway infrastructure,directly affecting train operational stability and safety.Existing methods face limitations in accuracy and speed for small-sample,multi...Rail surface damage is a critical component of high-speed railway infrastructure,directly affecting train operational stability and safety.Existing methods face limitations in accuracy and speed for small-sample,multi-category,and multi-scale target segmentation tasks.To address these challenges,this paper proposes Pyramid-MixNet,an intelligent segmentation model for high-speed rail surface damage,leveraging dataset construction and expansion alongside a feature pyramid-based encoder-decoder network with multi-attention mechanisms.The encoding net-work integrates Spatial Reduction Masked Multi-Head Attention(SRMMHA)to enhance global feature extraction while reducing trainable parameters.The decoding network incorporates Mix-Attention(MA),enabling multi-scale structural understanding and cross-scale token group correlation learning.Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves 62.17%average segmentation accuracy,80.28%Damage Dice Coefficient,and 56.83 FPS,meeting real-time detection requirements.The model’s high accuracy and scene adaptability significantly improve the detection of small-scale and complex multi-scale rail damage,offering practical value for real-time monitoring in high-speed railway maintenance systems.展开更多
1|Transformer for Chest X-Ray Report Analysis Natural language processing(NLP)has gained widespread use in computer-assisted chest X-ray(CXR)report analysis,particularly since the renaissance of deep learning(DL)in th...1|Transformer for Chest X-Ray Report Analysis Natural language processing(NLP)has gained widespread use in computer-assisted chest X-ray(CXR)report analysis,particularly since the renaissance of deep learning(DL)in the 2012 ImageNet challenge.While early endeavors predominantly employed recurrent neural networks(RNN)and convolutional neural networks(CNN)[1].展开更多
Based on the coupled-mode theory of fiber grating and codes theory, the design of an optical code division multiple access (OCDMA) encoder/decoder with stepped chirped fiber Bragg grating (SCFBG) has been proposed. Th...Based on the coupled-mode theory of fiber grating and codes theory, the design of an optical code division multiple access (OCDMA) encoder/decoder with stepped chirped fiber Bragg grating (SCFBG) has been proposed. The length of each uniform subgrating, the realization of encoding and decoding are provided. Numerical result is also presented and discussed.展开更多
Quantum autoencoder(QAE)compresses a bipartite quantum state into its subsystem using a self-checking mechanism.How to characterize and minimize the lost information in this process is essential for understanding the ...Quantum autoencoder(QAE)compresses a bipartite quantum state into its subsystem using a self-checking mechanism.How to characterize and minimize the lost information in this process is essential for understanding the compression mechanism of QAE.Here,we investigate how to minimize the lost information in QAE for any input mixed state.We theoretically show that the lost information is the quantum mutual information between the remaining subsystem and the discarded one;the encoding unitary transformation is designed to minimize this mutual information.Furthermore,we show that the optimized unitary transformation can be decomposed as the product of a permutation unitary transformation and a disentanglement unitary transformation,and the permutation unitary transformation can be searched by a regular Young tableau algorithm.When the search can be made exhaustive in lower-dimensional systems,the lost information is minimized numerically,which is shown theoretically to be a global minimum.When the dimension of the system becomes larger such that an exhaustive search is impossible,we adopt an approximate search algorithm to numerically identify that our compression scheme gives lower lost information than that from the quantum variational circuit-based QAE.展开更多
Finger-vein recognition is widely applied on access control system due to the high user acceptance and convince. Improving the integrity of finger-vein is helpful for increasing the finger-vein recognition accuracy. D...Finger-vein recognition is widely applied on access control system due to the high user acceptance and convince. Improving the integrity of finger-vein is helpful for increasing the finger-vein recognition accuracy. During the process of finger-vein imaging, foreign objects may be attached on fingers, which directly affects the integrity of finger-vein images. In order to effectively extract finger-vein networks, the integrity of venous networks is still not ideal after preprocessing of finger vein images. In this paper, we propose a novel deep learning based image restoration method to improve the integrity of finger-vein networks. First, a region detecting method based on adaptive threshold is presented to locate the incomplete region. Next, an encoder-decoder model is used to restore the venous networks of the finger-vein images. Then we analyze the restoration results using several different methods. Experimental results show that the proposed method is effective to restore the venous networks of the finger-vein images.展开更多
Medical image segmentation has witnessed rapid advancements with the emergence of encoder-decoder based methods.In the encoder-decoder structure,the primary goal of the decoding phase is not only to restore feature ma...Medical image segmentation has witnessed rapid advancements with the emergence of encoder-decoder based methods.In the encoder-decoder structure,the primary goal of the decoding phase is not only to restore feature map resolution,but also to mitigate the loss of feature information incurred during the encoding phase.However,this approach gives rise to a challenge:multiple up-sampling operations in the decoder segment result in the loss of feature information.To address this challenge,we propose a novel network that removes the decoding structure to reduce feature information loss(CBL-Net).In particular,we introduce a Parallel Pooling Module(PPM)to counteract the feature information loss stemming from conventional and pooling operations during the encoding stage.Furthermore,we incorporate a Multiplexed Dilation Convolution(MDC)module to expand the network's receptive field.Also,although we have removed the decoding stage,we still need to recover the feature map resolution.Therefore,we introduced the Global Feature Recovery(GFR)module.It uses attention mechanism for the image feature map resolution recovery,which can effectively reduce the loss of feature information.We conduct extensive experimental evaluations on three publicly available medical image segmentation datasets:DRIVE,CHASEDB and MoNuSeg datasets.Experimental results show that our proposed network outperforms state-of-the-art methods in medical image segmentation.In addition,it achieves higher efficiency than the current network of coding and decoding structures by eliminating the decoding component.展开更多
基金Supported by the Natural Science Research Foundation of Jiangsu Higher-Learning Insti-tution (No.04jkb510057).
摘要The encoding/decoding scheme based on Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) for Optical Code Division Multiple Access (OCDMA) system is analyzed and the whole process from transmitting end to receiving end is researched in detail. The mathematical mode including signal transmission, summing, receiving and recovering are established respectively. One of the main sources of Bit Error Rate (BER) of OCDMA system based on FBGs is the unevenness of signal power spectrum, which leads to the chip powers unequal with each other. The Signal to Interfere Ratio (SIR) and BER performance of the system are studied and simulated at the case with uneven distribution of chips' powers.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 6226070954Jiangxi Provincial Key R&D Programme under Grant 20244BBG73002.
摘要Rail surface damage is a critical component of high-speed railway infrastructure,directly affecting train operational stability and safety.Existing methods face limitations in accuracy and speed for small-sample,multi-category,and multi-scale target segmentation tasks.To address these challenges,this paper proposes Pyramid-MixNet,an intelligent segmentation model for high-speed rail surface damage,leveraging dataset construction and expansion alongside a feature pyramid-based encoder-decoder network with multi-attention mechanisms.The encoding net-work integrates Spatial Reduction Masked Multi-Head Attention(SRMMHA)to enhance global feature extraction while reducing trainable parameters.The decoding network incorporates Mix-Attention(MA),enabling multi-scale structural understanding and cross-scale token group correlation learning.Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves 62.17%average segmentation accuracy,80.28%Damage Dice Coefficient,and 56.83 FPS,meeting real-time detection requirements.The model’s high accuracy and scene adaptability significantly improve the detection of small-scale and complex multi-scale rail damage,offering practical value for real-time monitoring in high-speed railway maintenance systems.
摘要1|Transformer for Chest X-Ray Report Analysis Natural language processing(NLP)has gained widespread use in computer-assisted chest X-ray(CXR)report analysis,particularly since the renaissance of deep learning(DL)in the 2012 ImageNet challenge.While early endeavors predominantly employed recurrent neural networks(RNN)and convolutional neural networks(CNN)[1].
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (69877012).
摘要Based on the coupled-mode theory of fiber grating and codes theory, the design of an optical code division multiple access (OCDMA) encoder/decoder with stepped chirped fiber Bragg grating (SCFBG) has been proposed. The length of each uniform subgrating, the realization of encoding and decoding are provided. Numerical result is also presented and discussed.
基金supported by the Science Challenge Project(Grant No.TZ2025017)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant Nos.2021YFA0718302 and 2021YFA1402104)。
摘要Quantum autoencoder(QAE)compresses a bipartite quantum state into its subsystem using a self-checking mechanism.How to characterize and minimize the lost information in this process is essential for understanding the compression mechanism of QAE.Here,we investigate how to minimize the lost information in QAE for any input mixed state.We theoretically show that the lost information is the quantum mutual information between the remaining subsystem and the discarded one;the encoding unitary transformation is designed to minimize this mutual information.Furthermore,we show that the optimized unitary transformation can be decomposed as the product of a permutation unitary transformation and a disentanglement unitary transformation,and the permutation unitary transformation can be searched by a regular Young tableau algorithm.When the search can be made exhaustive in lower-dimensional systems,the lost information is minimized numerically,which is shown theoretically to be a global minimum.When the dimension of the system becomes larger such that an exhaustive search is impossible,we adopt an approximate search algorithm to numerically identify that our compression scheme gives lower lost information than that from the quantum variational circuit-based QAE.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61806208)
摘要Finger-vein recognition is widely applied on access control system due to the high user acceptance and convince. Improving the integrity of finger-vein is helpful for increasing the finger-vein recognition accuracy. During the process of finger-vein imaging, foreign objects may be attached on fingers, which directly affects the integrity of finger-vein images. In order to effectively extract finger-vein networks, the integrity of venous networks is still not ideal after preprocessing of finger vein images. In this paper, we propose a novel deep learning based image restoration method to improve the integrity of finger-vein networks. First, a region detecting method based on adaptive threshold is presented to locate the incomplete region. Next, an encoder-decoder model is used to restore the venous networks of the finger-vein images. Then we analyze the restoration results using several different methods. Experimental results show that the proposed method is effective to restore the venous networks of the finger-vein images.
基金funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant 2020YFB1708900)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.B220201044).
摘要Medical image segmentation has witnessed rapid advancements with the emergence of encoder-decoder based methods.In the encoder-decoder structure,the primary goal of the decoding phase is not only to restore feature map resolution,but also to mitigate the loss of feature information incurred during the encoding phase.However,this approach gives rise to a challenge:multiple up-sampling operations in the decoder segment result in the loss of feature information.To address this challenge,we propose a novel network that removes the decoding structure to reduce feature information loss(CBL-Net).In particular,we introduce a Parallel Pooling Module(PPM)to counteract the feature information loss stemming from conventional and pooling operations during the encoding stage.Furthermore,we incorporate a Multiplexed Dilation Convolution(MDC)module to expand the network's receptive field.Also,although we have removed the decoding stage,we still need to recover the feature map resolution.Therefore,we introduced the Global Feature Recovery(GFR)module.It uses attention mechanism for the image feature map resolution recovery,which can effectively reduce the loss of feature information.We conduct extensive experimental evaluations on three publicly available medical image segmentation datasets:DRIVE,CHASEDB and MoNuSeg datasets.Experimental results show that our proposed network outperforms state-of-the-art methods in medical image segmentation.In addition,it achieves higher efficiency than the current network of coding and decoding structures by eliminating the decoding component.