Herein,one-pot chemocatalytic conversion of xylose to value-added C5/C4 cyclic ethers over a novel ZrO2-doped Ni-Pd catalyst supported on H-βzeolite was demonstrated.Optimized catalyst,namely,Ni2 Pd0.5...Herein,one-pot chemocatalytic conversion of xylose to value-added C5/C4 cyclic ethers over a novel ZrO2-doped Ni-Pd catalyst supported on H-βzeolite was demonstrated.Optimized catalyst,namely,Ni2 Pd0.5Zr1/H-β(25),achieved a high xylose transformation(>99%)with high selectivities toward 2-methyltetrahydrofuran(48.6%)and tetrahydropyran(20.2%)under mild reaction conditions(200℃,1.0 MPa H2,and 2 h).Systematic investigation of the physicochemical properties of the catalyst revealed that ZrO2 doping induced O vacancies,enhanced H2 activation,and improved metal dispersion,thereby promoting hydrogenation and hydrodeoxygenation.In situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy using furfural and furfuryl alcohol probes confirmed preferential adsorption geometries and electronic interactions at metal-ZrO2 interfaces.Time-resolved and feedstock variation studies further elucidated the reaction mechanism and highlighted the roles of key intermediates.The proposed catalyst exhibited excellent recyclability with only a minor decline in performance after multiple xylose conversion cycles.This study provides mechanistic insights and design principles for the development of efficient multifunctional catalysts for biomass valorization.展开更多
The production of high-purity propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate(PMA)through the transesterification of propylene glycol monomethyl ether(PM)and methyl acetate(MeOAc)is traditionally catalyzed by sodium methoxi...The production of high-purity propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate(PMA)through the transesterification of propylene glycol monomethyl ether(PM)and methyl acetate(MeOAc)is traditionally catalyzed by sodium methoxide.However,the practical application of this method is significantly hindered by the inherent limitations of sodium methoxide,such as its high sensitivity to moisture and propensity for solid precipitation,which impede its effective use in continuous processes.This work proposed a continuous catalytic distillation(CD)process utilizing Amberlyst 15 cation exchange resin as the catalyst.A comprehensive series of reaction kinetic and CD experiments were conducted to evaluate the performance of the proposed process.The results demonstrate that under the optimal operating conditions,namely an ester-to-ether molar ratio of 6:1,a refluxratio of 5:1,a total feed rate of 0.92 g‧min-1,and an evaporation rate of 266.47 m3‧m-2‧h-1,the conversion rate of PM achieves 99.95%,and the PMA yield is 97.31%.Based on these findings,a process flowsheet for a continuous CD process tailored for the production of electronic-grade PMA is presented.This design incorporates light and heavy removal steps to ensure the production of PMA with a purity of 99.99%.Additionally,the process utilizes pressure swing distillation to recover MeOAc,thereby enhancing the overall efficiencyand sustainability of the production process.The proposed continuous CD process offers a highly efficient,cost-effective,and environmentally sustainable solution for the production of electronic-grade PMA.展开更多
Asplactones A-E(1-5),five unique diphenyl ether hybrids,along with two rare spiro-diphenyl ethers,aspviolaceols A(6)and B(7),were isolated and characterized from Aspergillus sp.F1-8A,an endophytic fungus associated wi...Asplactones A-E(1-5),five unique diphenyl ether hybrids,along with two rare spiro-diphenyl ethers,aspviolaceols A(6)and B(7),were isolated and characterized from Aspergillus sp.F1-8A,an endophytic fungus associated with the parotoid glands of Bufo gargarizans Cantor.Compounds 1-5 represent the first examples of diphenyl ether hybrids fused with unusual moieties,including conjugatedγ-butyrolactone and cyclopentenone.Compounds 6 and 7 are the first known natural spiro-diphenyl ethers,with 6 featuring an uncommon 6/6/6/6-membered carbon skeleton,and 7 possessing a distinct 6/6/6/6/6/6-membered diphenyl ether spiro-heterodimer carbon framework.Structural elucidation was performed using a combination of spectroscopic techniques,X-ray crystallography,and quantum-chemical calculations,and plausible biosynthetic pathways were proposed.Biologically,compounds 1,2,4,6,and 7 exhibited antioxidant activity comparable to or surpassing that of vitamin C in 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH)and 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate)(ABTS),and ferric reducing power assays.They also significantly improved cell viability in H2O2-induced oxidative injury assays using A549 cells.展开更多
Acrylamide-based polymers have been widely applied in drilling fluids due to their excellent water solubility,structural tunability,and adaptability to various fluid systems.However,under hightemperature downhole cond...Acrylamide-based polymers have been widely applied in drilling fluids due to their excellent water solubility,structural tunability,and adaptability to various fluid systems.However,under hightemperature downhole conditions,these polymers are prone to molecular chain degradation,conformational collapse,and reduced adsorption capacity,resulting in a significant decline in rheological control and filtration loss performance.These limitations severely restrict their application in hightemperature wells.Enhancing the structural stability and functional durability of polymers under elevated temperatures has become a critical challenge in the development of high-performance drilling fluid materials.Isoprenol polyoxyethylene ether(TPEG)has been demonstrated to improve the thermal resistance of acrylamide-based polymers.Nevertheless,incorporating TPEG into polymer chains contradicts the conventional design paradigm that seeks to eliminate thermally labile structures in hightemperature-resistant polymers.Therefore,elucidating the microscopic mechanisms by which TPEG modulates polymer chain evolution,conformational behavior,thermal degradation pathways,and adsorption characte ristics at elevated temperatures is essential to understanding its synergistic effect.In this study,isoprenol polyoxyethylene ether(the most commonly used type with a molecular weight of 2400 was chosen,TPEG-2400)was introduced into a DMAA/AMPS acrylamide-based copolymer system and systematically compared with conventional DMAA/AMPS binary copolymers.The incorporation of TPEG-2400 significantly enhanced the thermal conformational stability and clay adsorption capacity of the polymer,enabling the drilling fluid to retain favorable rheological and filtration properties even after aging at 220℃.The mechanism of action was elucidated by correlating changes in the physicochemical properties of the polymer with the analysis of its thermal degradation products.The highly flexible polyether structure was found to hinder interchain entanglement and coiling,while the strongly hydrophilic polyether segments formed a robust hydration layer,increasing electrostatic repulsion between clay particles.Moreover,the polyether chains may exhibit a"self-sacrificing"behavior under high-temperature conditions,preferentially decomposing to protect key functional groups such as amide moieties from thermal damage.This cooperative effect,from both conformational and thermodynamic perspectives,contributes to delaying polymer failure.It is concluded that the functional behavior of the segment structure plays a more significant role than its intrinsic thermal stability in enhancing the effective operating temperature of acrylamide-based polymers in drilling fluids.This counterintuitive yet strategically effective approach—introducing structu rally specific but thermally less stable segments to achieve performance enhancement—offers a novel design perspective for future development of high-temperature-resistant polymer additives in drilling fluids.展开更多
Ultralong organic phosphorescence(UOP)materials have attracted increasing attention due to its potential applications in opto-electronics,bioelectronics,and security protection.However,it is still a formidable challen...Ultralong organic phosphorescence(UOP)materials have attracted increasing attention due to its potential applications in opto-electronics,bioelectronics,and security protection.However,it is still a formidable challenge to develop a material with simultaneous efficiency and lifetime enhancement under ambient conditions.Here,highly efficient UOP is achieved by doping crown ether derivatives into rigid poly(vinyl alcohol)(PVA)matrix.Two crown ether derivatives exhibited weak yellow UOP.Impressively,after doped into PVA films,the resultant PVA films demonstrated bright blue UOP with a long lifetime of 595.9 ms and high phosphorescence efficiency of 13.3%.The sharp enhancement of efficiency and lifetime can be ascribed to abundant hydrogen bonding between the crown ether derivatives and PVA polymer chains.This work provides a new avenue for developing highly efficient UOP materials.展开更多
Polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers(DMMx)are highly promising clean diesel additives.Compared to the traditional aldol condensation route,the one-step oxidative method for producing DMMx directly from methanol is a green...Polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers(DMMx)are highly promising clean diesel additives.Compared to the traditional aldol condensation route,the one-step oxidative method for producing DMMx directly from methanol is a green synthesis route offering significant advantages.However,due to the complexity of the reaction,a balance must be struck between oxidation depth and C-O chain growth efficiency.This imposes specific requirements on the design of catalysts with multifunctional active sites:the catalyst should possess appropriate oxidative activity,suitable acid strength distribution,and effective synergy between these two functions.To address these challenges,this study designed a sulfuric acid-modified molybdenum-doped NASICON catalyst,which demonstrated favorable catalytic performance in the one-step oxidative synthesis of DMMx from methanol.Over the NSC-Mo-0.5-30%catalyst,methanol conversion rate of 81.3%and the DMMx selectivity of 58.7%were achieved,along with the formation of heavier molecules,as evidenced by the DMM2-6selectivity of 11.3%.The NH3-TPD,Py-IR and XPS results indicate that the introduction of molybdenum increases the number of weak Lewis acid sites,while sulfuric acid impregnation not only generates gradient-distributed Brønsted acid sites but also promotes the formation of Mo5+/Mo6+redox pairs.The cooperation of the two types of active sites significantly enhances catalyst performance.展开更多
Gas wells often encounter blockages in gas recovery channels owing to fluid accumulation during the later stages of extraction,which adversely affects subsequent recovery efforts.These undesirable conditions(e.g.,high...Gas wells often encounter blockages in gas recovery channels owing to fluid accumulation during the later stages of extraction,which adversely affects subsequent recovery efforts.These undesirable conditions(e.g.,high condensate content,high temperature,and high salinity)often affect foaming agent performance.In this study,surfactants were screened using an airflow method that closely resembles field treatment method.Notably,alcohol ether sulfates(AEnS)with various polyoxyethylene(EO)units demonstrated exceptional performance in terms of liquid unloading efficiency and foam stability.At 80℃,the unloading efficiency of AEnS with two EO units(AE2S)in a high NaCl mass concentration(up to 200 g/L)and high condensate volume fraction(up to 20%)reached 84%.The dynamic surface tension and interfacial tension measured at the same temperature were used to analyze the influence of the diffusion rate and interfacial characteristics on the AEnS foam,while the viscosity and liquid film thickness measurements reflected the mechanical strength and liquid-carrying capacity.In addition,transmission electron microscopy(TEM)revealed that AE2S formed“dendritic”micellar aggregates at a high NaCl mass concentration,which significantly enhanced the viscosity and stability of the foam.The interactions among AEnS,NaCl,and H2O were analyzed using molecular dynamics,and it was confirmed from a molecular mechanics perspective that a stable structure can form among the three,contributing to the foam stability.These findings demonstrate the significant potential of the AE2S foam for gas well deliquification.展开更多
Low methanol permeability of proton exchange membranes (PEMs) is greatly important for direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs). Here, sulfonated poly (ether ether ketone) (SPEEK) based semiinterpenetrating polymer networks...Low methanol permeability of proton exchange membranes (PEMs) is greatly important for direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs). Here, sulfonated poly (ether ether ketone) (SPEEK) based semiinterpenetrating polymer networks (semi-IPNs) are successfully prepared by interpenetrating SPEEK into the in-situ synthesized crosslinking networks. The polymeric networks are formed by the covalent bonds between bromobenzyl groups of bro mo methylated poly (phenylene oxide) and amine groups of diamine linkers as well as the ionic bonds between amine species and sulfonated groups. Two linkers without and with sulfonated groups are applied to fabricate the semi-IPNs. The core properties of the membranes, like phase separation, water uptake, proton conductivity and methanol permeability, are systematically studied and compared. The DMFCs assembled by using the semi-IPN membranes display better performance than Nafion 117 in high concentration methanol solutions. The present work provides a facile way to prepare PEMs with enhanced DMFC performance.展开更多
The intrinsic kinetics of dimethyl ether (DME) synthesis from syngas over amethanol synthesis catalyst mixed with methanol dehydration catalyst has been investigated in atubular integral reactor at 3-7 MPa and 220-260...The intrinsic kinetics of dimethyl ether (DME) synthesis from syngas over amethanol synthesis catalyst mixed with methanol dehydration catalyst has been investigated in atubular integral reactor at 3-7 MPa and 220-260℃. The three reactions including methanol synthesisfrom CO and H_2, CO_2 and H_2, and methanol dehydration were chosen as the independent reactions.The L-H kinetic model was presented for dimethyl ether synthesis and the parameters of the modelwere obtained by using simplex method combined with genetic algorithm. The model is reliableaccording to statistical analysis and residual error analysis. The synergy effect of the reactionsover the bifunctional catalyst was compared with the effect for methanol synthesis catalyst underthe same conditions based on the model. The effects of syngas containing Na on the reactions werealso simulated.展开更多
The interconversion between the two distinct isomers of methyl vinyl ether (MVE), the formation of the primary ozonides from O3-initated reactions of MVE, the transformation between the primary ozonides, and the sub...The interconversion between the two distinct isomers of methyl vinyl ether (MVE), the formation of the primary ozonides from O3-initated reactions of MVE, the transformation between the primary ozonides, and the subsequent fragmentation were studied using quantum chemical methods at the BHandHLYP/6311++G(d,p) level of theory for optimized geometries and frequency calculations and at the QCISD/631G(d,p) level for the single point energy calculations. The rate coefficients were calculated for the temperature range 280-440 K by using the canonical transition state theory (TST). For ozone addition to MVE, there are two different possibilities discussed on the basis of two different possible orientations for ozone attack. The results of the theoretical study indicate that although the synperiplanar-MVE is 7.11 kJ/mol more stable than the antiperiplanar-MVE, the antiperiplanar-MVE plays a more important role in formation of the primary ozonides because the primary ozonides formed from the ozone addition antiperiplanar-MVE are more stable and the energy barriers corresponding to transition states are lower. The intereonversion between the primary ozonides formed from the ozone addition to antiperiplanar-MVE is the most accessible compared with the transformations between other primary ozonides. The cleavage of the primary ozonides mainly leads to the formation of the CH2OO, which is in agreement with the experimental estimates. The calculated overall rate constant for the ozone-initiated reactions is 4.8× 10^-17 cm^3/(molecule.s) at 298.15 K, which agrees with the experimental value for ethyl vinyl ether.展开更多
Polybromodiphenyl ethers(PBDEs),the widely used flame retardants,are common contaminants in surface soils at e-waste recycling sites.The association of PBDEs with soil colloids has been observed,indicating the potenti...Polybromodiphenyl ethers(PBDEs),the widely used flame retardants,are common contaminants in surface soils at e-waste recycling sites.The association of PBDEs with soil colloids has been observed,indicating the potential risk to groundwater due to colloid-facilitated transport.However,the extent to which soil colloidsmay enhance the spreading of PBDEs in groundwater is largely unknown.Herein,we report the co-transport of decabromodiphenyl ester(BDE-209)and soil colloids in saturated porous media.The colloids released froma soil sample collected at an e-waste recycling site in Tianjin,China,contain high concentration of PBDEs,with BDE-209 being the most abundant conger(320±30 mg/kg).The colloids exhibit relatively high mobility in saturated sand columns,under conditions commonly observed in groundwater environments.Notably,under all the tested conditions(i.e.,varying flow velocity,pH,ionic species and ionic strength),the mass of eluted BDE-209 correlates linearly with that of eluted soil colloids,even though the mobility of the colloids varies markedly depending on the specific hydrodynamic and solution chemistry conditions involved.Additionally,the mass of BDE-209 retained in the columns also correlates strongly with themass of retained colloids.Apparently,the PBDEs remain bound to soil colloids during transport in porous media.Findings in this study indicate that soil colloidsmay significantly promote the transport of PBDEs in groundwater by serving as an effective carrier.This might be the reason why the highly insoluble and adsorptive PBDEs are found in groundwater at some PBDE-contaminated sites.展开更多
8,2'-Diprenylquercetin 3-methyl ether with significant anti-breast cancer activity is the main constituent of Tibetan medicine Sinopodophylli Fructus. In the present study, we developed and validated a rapid and sens...8,2'-Diprenylquercetin 3-methyl ether with significant anti-breast cancer activity is the main constituent of Tibetan medicine Sinopodophylli Fructus. In the present study, we developed and validated a rapid and sensitive ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method for the determination of 8,2'-diprenylquercetin 3-methyl ether in rat plasma. 8-Prenylkaempferol was used as the internal standard. The separation was carried out using Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 column (2.1 mm×100 ram, 1.7 μm) with a mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile and 0.1% formic acid in water on a gradient program at a flow rate of 0.4 mL'min-1 and temperature of 30 ℃. Triple quadrupole mass spectrometric detection in negative ion mode was used for multiple-reaction monitoring of the transitions at m/z 451.30→177.25 and m/z 353.25→298.15 for 8,2'-diprenylquercetin 3-methyl ether and 8-prenylkaempferol, respectively. The calibration curves were linear within the concentration range 0.1-2000 ng/mL (r = 0.9954). The recoveries were 103%-115%, and the results were consistent across low, middle and high concentration levels. The intra- and inter-day precisions were within 15%, and the bias was between --6%-15%. This method was simple, rapid and sensitive, which could be applied to the determination of 8,2'-diprenylquercetin 3-methyl ether in plasma and pharmacokinetic study in rats. Pharmacokinetic test indicated that the peak plasma concentration occurred in 2 h after the female rats were intragastrically administered with 8,2'-diprenylquercetin 3-methyl ether at the dose of 100 mg/kg, and the biological half-life was 6.79 h. The blood drug concentration maintained equal amount for 20 h, which was conducive to the in vivo effects of drugs.展开更多
The use of fossil fuels significantly contributes to excess CO2 emissions.Catalytic hydrogenation of CO2 to dimethyl ether(DME)is an effective method for CO2 recycling,offering both environmental and economic...The use of fossil fuels significantly contributes to excess CO2 emissions.Catalytic hydrogenation of CO2 to dimethyl ether(DME)is an effective method for CO2 recycling,offering both environmental and economic benefits.Zeolites,known for their efficiency as solid catalysts,are widely utilized in the chemical industries.Bifunctional catalysts based on zeolites have gained attention for their applications in CO2 hydrogenation to DME.This review discusses key factors affecting the catalytic performance of zeolites,including topologies,Si/Al ratio,crystal size,and the proximity of metallic species to the zeolite catalysts.Although bifunctional catalytic systems enhance the conversion of CO2 to DME,they also lead to high CO selectivity at elevated temperatures,which can limit both DME yield and selectivity.We present recent advancements in the development of bifunctional catalysts for the direct hydrogenation of CO2 to DME,providing insights for designing optimized catalysts for tandem reaction systems.展开更多
The title polymer was prepared from 5-diethylamino-3-thia-pentyl glycidyl ether anddiethylene glycol bisglycidyl ether via ring-opening copolymerization. It was found that thisreaction could be catalyzed by sodium, bu...The title polymer was prepared from 5-diethylamino-3-thia-pentyl glycidyl ether anddiethylene glycol bisglycidyl ether via ring-opening copolymerization. It was found that thisreaction could be catalyzed by sodium, but not Lewis acid. The obtained polymer can coordinatewith platinum compound, and the platinum complex is a new kind of catalyst for thehydrosilylation of olefins with triethoxysilane.展开更多
The application of high temperature liquid water(HTLW)to decomposition of lignin as efficient and green solution for phenolic compounds recovery was studied.Benzyl phenyl ether(BPE),the lignin model compound,was treat...The application of high temperature liquid water(HTLW)to decomposition of lignin as efficient and green solution for phenolic compounds recovery was studied.Benzyl phenyl ether(BPE),the lignin model compound,was treated at temperatures ranging from 220 to 250℃.BPE undergo hydrolysis in HTLW,and main products were phenol and benzyl alcohol with the minimum selectivities of 75.7%and 82.8%,respectively.Lower temperature led to higher selectivity in 220-250℃temperature range.The kinetics on BPE hydrolysis was studied and the activation energy was determined as 150.3±12.5 kJ/mol with the first-order kinetic equations.Based on products distribution,the reaction mechanism for decomposition of benzyl phenyl ether was proposed.The investigated process provides insights into the design of a commercial method for utilization of lignin.展开更多
Furfuryl ethyl ether(FEE)is considered as one of the most important candidates for biofuels due to its high-octane number.However,it is still challenging to produce FEE via the biomass-based route under mild condition...Furfuryl ethyl ether(FEE)is considered as one of the most important candidates for biofuels due to its high-octane number.However,it is still challenging to produce FEE via the biomass-based route under mild conditions.Here,we developed a photoinduced catalytic transfer hydrogenation(CTH)process for the efficient production of FEE through the reduction etherification of furfural(FF)using Na4W10O32(NaDT),Pd/C,and ethanol as the hydrogen atom transfer(HAT)catalyst,hydrogenation catalyst,and the H donor,respectively.Notably,the introduction of brominated benzene(PhBr)as an additive significantly promoted the yield of FEE to 92.7%.A series of experiments and characterization results indicated that the attachment and detachment of Br atoms on Pd/C catalyst surface effectively regulate the balance between H+sites and Pd sites in the NaDT+Pd/C catalytic system.The balance facilitates the preferential acetalization of FF catalyzed by H+sites,followed by hydrogenation to efficiently produce FEE catalyzed by Pd sites.This photoinduced CTH process exhibits good stability and recyclability as well as universality for the transformation of various organic substrates under mild conditions.展开更多
Trehalase hydrolyzes trehalose to glucose to provide energy for insects or building blocks for chitin synthesis.Because trehalase is critical to insects but not to humans,it has long been considered a promising target...Trehalase hydrolyzes trehalose to glucose to provide energy for insects or building blocks for chitin synthesis.Because trehalase is critical to insects but not to humans,it has long been considered a promising target for green insecticides.However,the known trehalase inhibitors are mainly sugar derivatives with poor druggability.In this study,the trehalase from Ostrinia furnacalis(OfTreh)was expressed and characterized.By integrative computational strategies,diphenyl ether herbicides were discovered as the first non-carbohydrate inhibitors of insect trehalases.Bifenox and its more stable derivative,chlomethoxyfen,inhibited Of Treh with Ki values of 56 and 43μM,respectively.The oral administration of bifenox or chlomethoxyfen to locusts resulted in the inhibition of trehalose hydrolysis in vivo,leading to a mortality rate of 66%and server locomotion disorder in the survivors.This study not only established a platform for the development of insecticides targeting trehalase but also discovered a new mechanism for diphenyl ethers to kill insects as trehalase inhibitors.展开更多
Although solid-state polymer electrolytes(SPEs)are expected to solve the safety hazards and limited energy density in the energy storage systems,they still encounter an inferior electrode/electrolyte interface when pr...Although solid-state polymer electrolytes(SPEs)are expected to solve the safety hazards and limited energy density in the energy storage systems,they still encounter an inferior electrode/electrolyte interface when prepared in an ex situ manner.Recently,in situ polymerization of SPEs favor high interfacial infiltrability,improved interface contact,and reduced interface resistance,owing to the formation of a"superconformal"interface between electrode and electrolyte.Especially,in situ strategies employing ring-opening polymerization(ROP)are emerging as dazzling stars,further enabling moderate polymerization conditions,controllable molecular structure,and reduced interfacial side reaction.As the main monomers that can be in situ polymerized via the ROP strategy,cyclic ethers have been used to construct the CE-SPEs with many merits,including good battery electrochemical performances and a simple assembly process.Here,as a systematic summarization of the existing reports,this review focuses on the polymerization mechanism of ROP,the design principles of CE-SPEs electrolytes,and the recent application of in situ CE-SPEs.In particular,this review thoroughly discusses the selection of different cyclic monomers,initiators and various modification approaches in in situ fabricating CE-SPEs.Ending with offering future challenges and perspectives,this review envisions shedding light on the profound understanding and scientific guidance for further development of high-performance in situ CE-SPEs.展开更多
Chiral aryl cyclohex-3-en ether scaffold is widely present in bioactive natural products and drugs.The exploitation of efficient and enantioselective methods for the construction of aryl cyclohex-3-en ether scaffold i...Chiral aryl cyclohex-3-en ether scaffold is widely present in bioactive natural products and drugs.The exploitation of efficient and enantioselective methods for the construction of aryl cyclohex-3-en ether scaffold is significant.Herein we disclose a chiral N,N’-dioxide/Lewis acid complex-catalyzed asymmetric inverse-electron-demand Diels-Alder(IEDDA)reaction using electron-deficient 3-carboalkoxyl-2-pyrones and less electron-enriched aryl enol ethers as reactants.A wide range of non-and 1,2-disubstituted acyclic aryl enol ethers are applicable to deliver diverse chiral bridged bicyclic lactones in high yields and stereoselectivities(up to 96%yield,>20:1 dr,97:3 er).The bridged bicyclic lactone core can be easily converted into chiral aryl cyclohex-3-en ether scaffold.Notably,DFT calculations revealed a stepwise and endo mechanism to explain the high enantioselectivity controlled by the cooperative effect of the steric factors and the dispersion interactions between ligands and enol ethers.展开更多
Catalytic aryl ether C—O bonds hydrogenolysis was an important route to convert lignite into high valueadded chemicals.Solid super acid 10%Ni-S2O82-=ZrO2 catalysts were successfully synthesized and evalua...Catalytic aryl ether C—O bonds hydrogenolysis was an important route to convert lignite into high valueadded chemicals.Solid super acid 10%Ni-S2O82-=ZrO2 catalysts were successfully synthesized and evaluated their performance in catalytic hydrolysis of lignite derivatives.The excellent performance of 10%Ni-S2O82-=ZrO2 stems from the synergistic interaction between metallic and acidic sites.Specifically,the acidic sites generated by S2O82- facilitate the adsorption of O atoms in the substrate,whereas the metal sites optimize the process of hydrogen adsorption and activation and promote the generation of hydrogen radicals,which further enhances the ability to break C—O bonds.Thus,10%Ni-S2O82-=ZrO2 exhibits more significantcatalytic activity compared to 10%Ni-ZrO2 prepared from pure ZrO2 as a support.Characterization results showed that the 10%Ni-S2O82-=ZrO2 catalyst prepared by sodium borohydride reduction method presented a uniform pore structure,which effectively promoted the dispersion of metal Ni on the catalyst surface.Complete conversion of diphenyl ether(DPE)can be achieved under relatively mild conditions,and excellent hydrogenolysis activity is also demonstrated for other lignite derivatives containing C—O bonds.The possible reaction mechanism of DPE hydrogenolysis in the H2-isopropanol system was investigated.This work represents a significantstep forward in the design of highly efficientsolid super acid catalysts.展开更多
基金supported by the Bio&Medical Technology Development Program(no.RS-2022-NR067354)established by the National Research Foundation(NRF)funded by the Korean Ministry of Science and ICT(MSIT)+2 种基金an NRF grant funded by the Korean MSIT(no.RS-2023-00261322)Additional support from the Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning(KETEP)the Ministry of Trade,Industry&Energy(MOTIE)of the Republic of Korea(RS-2024-00469587)was also appreciated。
摘要Herein,one-pot chemocatalytic conversion of xylose to value-added C5/C4 cyclic ethers over a novel ZrO2-doped Ni-Pd catalyst supported on H-βzeolite was demonstrated.Optimized catalyst,namely,Ni2 Pd0.5Zr1/H-β(25),achieved a high xylose transformation(>99%)with high selectivities toward 2-methyltetrahydrofuran(48.6%)and tetrahydropyran(20.2%)under mild reaction conditions(200℃,1.0 MPa H2,and 2 h).Systematic investigation of the physicochemical properties of the catalyst revealed that ZrO2 doping induced O vacancies,enhanced H2 activation,and improved metal dispersion,thereby promoting hydrogenation and hydrodeoxygenation.In situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy using furfural and furfuryl alcohol probes confirmed preferential adsorption geometries and electronic interactions at metal-ZrO2 interfaces.Time-resolved and feedstock variation studies further elucidated the reaction mechanism and highlighted the roles of key intermediates.The proposed catalyst exhibited excellent recyclability with only a minor decline in performance after multiple xylose conversion cycles.This study provides mechanistic insights and design principles for the development of efficient multifunctional catalysts for biomass valorization.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22378065,22278077 and 22278076)the Key Program of Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province of China(2022J02019).
摘要The production of high-purity propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate(PMA)through the transesterification of propylene glycol monomethyl ether(PM)and methyl acetate(MeOAc)is traditionally catalyzed by sodium methoxide.However,the practical application of this method is significantly hindered by the inherent limitations of sodium methoxide,such as its high sensitivity to moisture and propensity for solid precipitation,which impede its effective use in continuous processes.This work proposed a continuous catalytic distillation(CD)process utilizing Amberlyst 15 cation exchange resin as the catalyst.A comprehensive series of reaction kinetic and CD experiments were conducted to evaluate the performance of the proposed process.The results demonstrate that under the optimal operating conditions,namely an ester-to-ether molar ratio of 6:1,a refluxratio of 5:1,a total feed rate of 0.92 g‧min-1,and an evaporation rate of 266.47 m3‧m-2‧h-1,the conversion rate of PM achieves 99.95%,and the PMA yield is 97.31%.Based on these findings,a process flowsheet for a continuous CD process tailored for the production of electronic-grade PMA is presented.This design incorporates light and heavy removal steps to ensure the production of PMA with a purity of 99.99%.Additionally,the process utilizes pressure swing distillation to recover MeOAc,thereby enhancing the overall efficiencyand sustainability of the production process.The proposed continuous CD process offers a highly efficient,cost-effective,and environmentally sustainable solution for the production of electronic-grade PMA.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82073721)Major Basic Research Project of the Natural Science Foundation of the Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions of China(No.23KJA310003).
摘要Asplactones A-E(1-5),five unique diphenyl ether hybrids,along with two rare spiro-diphenyl ethers,aspviolaceols A(6)and B(7),were isolated and characterized from Aspergillus sp.F1-8A,an endophytic fungus associated with the parotoid glands of Bufo gargarizans Cantor.Compounds 1-5 represent the first examples of diphenyl ether hybrids fused with unusual moieties,including conjugatedγ-butyrolactone and cyclopentenone.Compounds 6 and 7 are the first known natural spiro-diphenyl ethers,with 6 featuring an uncommon 6/6/6/6-membered carbon skeleton,and 7 possessing a distinct 6/6/6/6/6/6-membered diphenyl ether spiro-heterodimer carbon framework.Structural elucidation was performed using a combination of spectroscopic techniques,X-ray crystallography,and quantum-chemical calculations,and plausible biosynthetic pathways were proposed.Biologically,compounds 1,2,4,6,and 7 exhibited antioxidant activity comparable to or surpassing that of vitamin C in 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH)and 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate)(ABTS),and ferric reducing power assays.They also significantly improved cell viability in H2O2-induced oxidative injury assays using A549 cells.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52322401,52288101)。
摘要Acrylamide-based polymers have been widely applied in drilling fluids due to their excellent water solubility,structural tunability,and adaptability to various fluid systems.However,under hightemperature downhole conditions,these polymers are prone to molecular chain degradation,conformational collapse,and reduced adsorption capacity,resulting in a significant decline in rheological control and filtration loss performance.These limitations severely restrict their application in hightemperature wells.Enhancing the structural stability and functional durability of polymers under elevated temperatures has become a critical challenge in the development of high-performance drilling fluid materials.Isoprenol polyoxyethylene ether(TPEG)has been demonstrated to improve the thermal resistance of acrylamide-based polymers.Nevertheless,incorporating TPEG into polymer chains contradicts the conventional design paradigm that seeks to eliminate thermally labile structures in hightemperature-resistant polymers.Therefore,elucidating the microscopic mechanisms by which TPEG modulates polymer chain evolution,conformational behavior,thermal degradation pathways,and adsorption characte ristics at elevated temperatures is essential to understanding its synergistic effect.In this study,isoprenol polyoxyethylene ether(the most commonly used type with a molecular weight of 2400 was chosen,TPEG-2400)was introduced into a DMAA/AMPS acrylamide-based copolymer system and systematically compared with conventional DMAA/AMPS binary copolymers.The incorporation of TPEG-2400 significantly enhanced the thermal conformational stability and clay adsorption capacity of the polymer,enabling the drilling fluid to retain favorable rheological and filtration properties even after aging at 220℃.The mechanism of action was elucidated by correlating changes in the physicochemical properties of the polymer with the analysis of its thermal degradation products.The highly flexible polyether structure was found to hinder interchain entanglement and coiling,while the strongly hydrophilic polyether segments formed a robust hydration layer,increasing electrostatic repulsion between clay particles.Moreover,the polyether chains may exhibit a"self-sacrificing"behavior under high-temperature conditions,preferentially decomposing to protect key functional groups such as amide moieties from thermal damage.This cooperative effect,from both conformational and thermodynamic perspectives,contributes to delaying polymer failure.It is concluded that the functional behavior of the segment structure plays a more significant role than its intrinsic thermal stability in enhancing the effective operating temperature of acrylamide-based polymers in drilling fluids.This counterintuitive yet strategically effective approach—introducing structu rally specific but thermally less stable segments to achieve performance enhancement—offers a novel design perspective for future development of high-temperature-resistant polymer additives in drilling fluids.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52473169,62288102,62305276)Fujian Province Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.2025J09035,2024J09014)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.1361ZK1007).
摘要Ultralong organic phosphorescence(UOP)materials have attracted increasing attention due to its potential applications in opto-electronics,bioelectronics,and security protection.However,it is still a formidable challenge to develop a material with simultaneous efficiency and lifetime enhancement under ambient conditions.Here,highly efficient UOP is achieved by doping crown ether derivatives into rigid poly(vinyl alcohol)(PVA)matrix.Two crown ether derivatives exhibited weak yellow UOP.Impressively,after doped into PVA films,the resultant PVA films demonstrated bright blue UOP with a long lifetime of 595.9 ms and high phosphorescence efficiency of 13.3%.The sharp enhancement of efficiency and lifetime can be ascribed to abundant hydrogen bonding between the crown ether derivatives and PVA polymer chains.This work provides a new avenue for developing highly efficient UOP materials.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22172187)the Autonomous Research Project of SKLCC(2024BWZ012)+1 种基金the Innovation Foundation of ICC-CAS(SCJC-DT-2023-05)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS(2014155)。
摘要Polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers(DMMx)are highly promising clean diesel additives.Compared to the traditional aldol condensation route,the one-step oxidative method for producing DMMx directly from methanol is a green synthesis route offering significant advantages.However,due to the complexity of the reaction,a balance must be struck between oxidation depth and C-O chain growth efficiency.This imposes specific requirements on the design of catalysts with multifunctional active sites:the catalyst should possess appropriate oxidative activity,suitable acid strength distribution,and effective synergy between these two functions.To address these challenges,this study designed a sulfuric acid-modified molybdenum-doped NASICON catalyst,which demonstrated favorable catalytic performance in the one-step oxidative synthesis of DMMx from methanol.Over the NSC-Mo-0.5-30%catalyst,methanol conversion rate of 81.3%and the DMMx selectivity of 58.7%were achieved,along with the formation of heavier molecules,as evidenced by the DMM2-6selectivity of 11.3%.The NH3-TPD,Py-IR and XPS results indicate that the introduction of molybdenum increases the number of weak Lewis acid sites,while sulfuric acid impregnation not only generates gradient-distributed Brønsted acid sites but also promotes the formation of Mo5+/Mo6+redox pairs.The cooperation of the two types of active sites significantly enhances catalyst performance.
摘要Gas wells often encounter blockages in gas recovery channels owing to fluid accumulation during the later stages of extraction,which adversely affects subsequent recovery efforts.These undesirable conditions(e.g.,high condensate content,high temperature,and high salinity)often affect foaming agent performance.In this study,surfactants were screened using an airflow method that closely resembles field treatment method.Notably,alcohol ether sulfates(AEnS)with various polyoxyethylene(EO)units demonstrated exceptional performance in terms of liquid unloading efficiency and foam stability.At 80℃,the unloading efficiency of AEnS with two EO units(AE2S)in a high NaCl mass concentration(up to 200 g/L)and high condensate volume fraction(up to 20%)reached 84%.The dynamic surface tension and interfacial tension measured at the same temperature were used to analyze the influence of the diffusion rate and interfacial characteristics on the AEnS foam,while the viscosity and liquid film thickness measurements reflected the mechanical strength and liquid-carrying capacity.In addition,transmission electron microscopy(TEM)revealed that AE2S formed“dendritic”micellar aggregates at a high NaCl mass concentration,which significantly enhanced the viscosity and stability of the foam.The interactions among AEnS,NaCl,and H2O were analyzed using molecular dynamics,and it was confirmed from a molecular mechanics perspective that a stable structure can form among the three,contributing to the foam stability.These findings demonstrate the significant potential of the AE2S foam for gas well deliquification.
基金support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos. 21603197, 21703212,21233006 and 21473164)Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province of China(No.2016CFB181)+1 种基金Fundamental Research Funds for the Central University, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan)(No. CUGL180403)China University of Geosciences (Wuhan) for the program of Center for Advanced Energy Research and Technologies
摘要Low methanol permeability of proton exchange membranes (PEMs) is greatly important for direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs). Here, sulfonated poly (ether ether ketone) (SPEEK) based semiinterpenetrating polymer networks (semi-IPNs) are successfully prepared by interpenetrating SPEEK into the in-situ synthesized crosslinking networks. The polymeric networks are formed by the covalent bonds between bromobenzyl groups of bro mo methylated poly (phenylene oxide) and amine groups of diamine linkers as well as the ionic bonds between amine species and sulfonated groups. Two linkers without and with sulfonated groups are applied to fabricate the semi-IPNs. The core properties of the membranes, like phase separation, water uptake, proton conductivity and methanol permeability, are systematically studied and compared. The DMFCs assembled by using the semi-IPN membranes display better performance than Nafion 117 in high concentration methanol solutions. The present work provides a facile way to prepare PEMs with enhanced DMFC performance.
基金Supported by Development Project of Shanghai Priority Academic Discipline
摘要The intrinsic kinetics of dimethyl ether (DME) synthesis from syngas over amethanol synthesis catalyst mixed with methanol dehydration catalyst has been investigated in atubular integral reactor at 3-7 MPa and 220-260℃. The three reactions including methanol synthesisfrom CO and H_2, CO_2 and H_2, and methanol dehydration were chosen as the independent reactions.The L-H kinetic model was presented for dimethyl ether synthesis and the parameters of the modelwere obtained by using simplex method combined with genetic algorithm. The model is reliableaccording to statistical analysis and residual error analysis. The synergy effect of the reactionsover the bifunctional catalyst was compared with the effect for methanol synthesis catalyst underthe same conditions based on the model. The effects of syngas containing Na on the reactions werealso simulated.
摘要The interconversion between the two distinct isomers of methyl vinyl ether (MVE), the formation of the primary ozonides from O3-initated reactions of MVE, the transformation between the primary ozonides, and the subsequent fragmentation were studied using quantum chemical methods at the BHandHLYP/6311++G(d,p) level of theory for optimized geometries and frequency calculations and at the QCISD/631G(d,p) level for the single point energy calculations. The rate coefficients were calculated for the temperature range 280-440 K by using the canonical transition state theory (TST). For ozone addition to MVE, there are two different possibilities discussed on the basis of two different possible orientations for ozone attack. The results of the theoretical study indicate that although the synperiplanar-MVE is 7.11 kJ/mol more stable than the antiperiplanar-MVE, the antiperiplanar-MVE plays a more important role in formation of the primary ozonides because the primary ozonides formed from the ozone addition antiperiplanar-MVE are more stable and the energy barriers corresponding to transition states are lower. The intereonversion between the primary ozonides formed from the ozone addition to antiperiplanar-MVE is the most accessible compared with the transformations between other primary ozonides. The cleavage of the primary ozonides mainly leads to the formation of the CH2OO, which is in agreement with the experimental estimates. The calculated overall rate constant for the ozone-initiated reactions is 4.8× 10^-17 cm^3/(molecule.s) at 298.15 K, which agrees with the experimental value for ethyl vinyl ether.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2019YFC1804202)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22020102004)+1 种基金the Tianjin Municipal Science and Technology Bureau(No.21JCZDJC00280)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities by the Ministry of Education of China(No.T2017002).
摘要Polybromodiphenyl ethers(PBDEs),the widely used flame retardants,are common contaminants in surface soils at e-waste recycling sites.The association of PBDEs with soil colloids has been observed,indicating the potential risk to groundwater due to colloid-facilitated transport.However,the extent to which soil colloidsmay enhance the spreading of PBDEs in groundwater is largely unknown.Herein,we report the co-transport of decabromodiphenyl ester(BDE-209)and soil colloids in saturated porous media.The colloids released froma soil sample collected at an e-waste recycling site in Tianjin,China,contain high concentration of PBDEs,with BDE-209 being the most abundant conger(320±30 mg/kg).The colloids exhibit relatively high mobility in saturated sand columns,under conditions commonly observed in groundwater environments.Notably,under all the tested conditions(i.e.,varying flow velocity,pH,ionic species and ionic strength),the mass of eluted BDE-209 correlates linearly with that of eluted soil colloids,even though the mobility of the colloids varies markedly depending on the specific hydrodynamic and solution chemistry conditions involved.Additionally,the mass of BDE-209 retained in the columns also correlates strongly with themass of retained colloids.Apparently,the PBDEs remain bound to soil colloids during transport in porous media.Findings in this study indicate that soil colloidsmay significantly promote the transport of PBDEs in groundwater by serving as an effective carrier.This might be the reason why the highly insoluble and adsorptive PBDEs are found in groundwater at some PBDE-contaminated sites.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.81673590)National Key Technology R&D Program "New Drug Innovation" of China(Grant No.2013ZX09103002-006)
摘要8,2'-Diprenylquercetin 3-methyl ether with significant anti-breast cancer activity is the main constituent of Tibetan medicine Sinopodophylli Fructus. In the present study, we developed and validated a rapid and sensitive ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method for the determination of 8,2'-diprenylquercetin 3-methyl ether in rat plasma. 8-Prenylkaempferol was used as the internal standard. The separation was carried out using Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 column (2.1 mm×100 ram, 1.7 μm) with a mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile and 0.1% formic acid in water on a gradient program at a flow rate of 0.4 mL'min-1 and temperature of 30 ℃. Triple quadrupole mass spectrometric detection in negative ion mode was used for multiple-reaction monitoring of the transitions at m/z 451.30→177.25 and m/z 353.25→298.15 for 8,2'-diprenylquercetin 3-methyl ether and 8-prenylkaempferol, respectively. The calibration curves were linear within the concentration range 0.1-2000 ng/mL (r = 0.9954). The recoveries were 103%-115%, and the results were consistent across low, middle and high concentration levels. The intra- and inter-day precisions were within 15%, and the bias was between --6%-15%. This method was simple, rapid and sensitive, which could be applied to the determination of 8,2'-diprenylquercetin 3-methyl ether in plasma and pharmacokinetic study in rats. Pharmacokinetic test indicated that the peak plasma concentration occurred in 2 h after the female rats were intragastrically administered with 8,2'-diprenylquercetin 3-methyl ether at the dose of 100 mg/kg, and the biological half-life was 6.79 h. The blood drug concentration maintained equal amount for 20 h, which was conducive to the in vivo effects of drugs.
基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFA1500401)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22288101)the‘111 Center’(B17020)for supporting this work.
摘要The use of fossil fuels significantly contributes to excess CO2 emissions.Catalytic hydrogenation of CO2 to dimethyl ether(DME)is an effective method for CO2 recycling,offering both environmental and economic benefits.Zeolites,known for their efficiency as solid catalysts,are widely utilized in the chemical industries.Bifunctional catalysts based on zeolites have gained attention for their applications in CO2 hydrogenation to DME.This review discusses key factors affecting the catalytic performance of zeolites,including topologies,Si/Al ratio,crystal size,and the proximity of metallic species to the zeolite catalysts.Although bifunctional catalytic systems enhance the conversion of CO2 to DME,they also lead to high CO selectivity at elevated temperatures,which can limit both DME yield and selectivity.We present recent advancements in the development of bifunctional catalysts for the direct hydrogenation of CO2 to DME,providing insights for designing optimized catalysts for tandem reaction systems.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
摘要The title polymer was prepared from 5-diethylamino-3-thia-pentyl glycidyl ether anddiethylene glycol bisglycidyl ether via ring-opening copolymerization. It was found that thisreaction could be catalyzed by sodium, but not Lewis acid. The obtained polymer can coordinatewith platinum compound, and the platinum complex is a new kind of catalyst for thehydrosilylation of olefins with triethoxysilane.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.20976160)Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.R4080110)
摘要The application of high temperature liquid water(HTLW)to decomposition of lignin as efficient and green solution for phenolic compounds recovery was studied.Benzyl phenyl ether(BPE),the lignin model compound,was treated at temperatures ranging from 220 to 250℃.BPE undergo hydrolysis in HTLW,and main products were phenol and benzyl alcohol with the minimum selectivities of 75.7%and 82.8%,respectively.Lower temperature led to higher selectivity in 220-250℃temperature range.The kinetics on BPE hydrolysis was studied and the activation energy was determined as 150.3±12.5 kJ/mol with the first-order kinetic equations.Based on products distribution,the reaction mechanism for decomposition of benzyl phenyl ether was proposed.The investigated process provides insights into the design of a commercial method for utilization of lignin.
摘要Furfuryl ethyl ether(FEE)is considered as one of the most important candidates for biofuels due to its high-octane number.However,it is still challenging to produce FEE via the biomass-based route under mild conditions.Here,we developed a photoinduced catalytic transfer hydrogenation(CTH)process for the efficient production of FEE through the reduction etherification of furfural(FF)using Na4W10O32(NaDT),Pd/C,and ethanol as the hydrogen atom transfer(HAT)catalyst,hydrogenation catalyst,and the H donor,respectively.Notably,the introduction of brominated benzene(PhBr)as an additive significantly promoted the yield of FEE to 92.7%.A series of experiments and characterization results indicated that the attachment and detachment of Br atoms on Pd/C catalyst surface effectively regulate the balance between H+sites and Pd sites in the NaDT+Pd/C catalytic system.The balance facilitates the preferential acetalization of FF catalyzed by H+sites,followed by hydrogenation to efficiently produce FEE catalyzed by Pd sites.This photoinduced CTH process exhibits good stability and recyclability as well as universality for the transformation of various organic substrates under mild conditions.
基金the staff of the BL18U/BL19U1 Beamline of the National Facility for Protein Science,Shanghai,at the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility for assistance during data collectionthe National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2023YFD1700500,2022YFD1700200)the Project of Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province(2022-KF-15-02).
摘要Trehalase hydrolyzes trehalose to glucose to provide energy for insects or building blocks for chitin synthesis.Because trehalase is critical to insects but not to humans,it has long been considered a promising target for green insecticides.However,the known trehalase inhibitors are mainly sugar derivatives with poor druggability.In this study,the trehalase from Ostrinia furnacalis(OfTreh)was expressed and characterized.By integrative computational strategies,diphenyl ether herbicides were discovered as the first non-carbohydrate inhibitors of insect trehalases.Bifenox and its more stable derivative,chlomethoxyfen,inhibited Of Treh with Ki values of 56 and 43μM,respectively.The oral administration of bifenox or chlomethoxyfen to locusts resulted in the inhibition of trehalose hydrolysis in vivo,leading to a mortality rate of 66%and server locomotion disorder in the survivors.This study not only established a platform for the development of insecticides targeting trehalase but also discovered a new mechanism for diphenyl ethers to kill insects as trehalase inhibitors.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22022813)the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(LQ24B030002)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2022M722729,2023T160571).
摘要Although solid-state polymer electrolytes(SPEs)are expected to solve the safety hazards and limited energy density in the energy storage systems,they still encounter an inferior electrode/electrolyte interface when prepared in an ex situ manner.Recently,in situ polymerization of SPEs favor high interfacial infiltrability,improved interface contact,and reduced interface resistance,owing to the formation of a"superconformal"interface between electrode and electrolyte.Especially,in situ strategies employing ring-opening polymerization(ROP)are emerging as dazzling stars,further enabling moderate polymerization conditions,controllable molecular structure,and reduced interfacial side reaction.As the main monomers that can be in situ polymerized via the ROP strategy,cyclic ethers have been used to construct the CE-SPEs with many merits,including good battery electrochemical performances and a simple assembly process.Here,as a systematic summarization of the existing reports,this review focuses on the polymerization mechanism of ROP,the design principles of CE-SPEs electrolytes,and the recent application of in situ CE-SPEs.In particular,this review thoroughly discusses the selection of different cyclic monomers,initiators and various modification approaches in in situ fabricating CE-SPEs.Ending with offering future challenges and perspectives,this review envisions shedding light on the profound understanding and scientific guidance for further development of high-performance in situ CE-SPEs.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22001177,22203023)Guangdong Pearl River Talent Program(no.2021QN020268)+3 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(Nos.2024A1515012381,2022A1515011859)Shenzhen Bay Laboratory Startup Fund(No.S201100003)Major Program of Shenzhen Bay Laboratory(No.S211101001-4)Shenzhen Bay Qihang Fellow Program(No.QH23001)for generous financial support.
摘要Chiral aryl cyclohex-3-en ether scaffold is widely present in bioactive natural products and drugs.The exploitation of efficient and enantioselective methods for the construction of aryl cyclohex-3-en ether scaffold is significant.Herein we disclose a chiral N,N’-dioxide/Lewis acid complex-catalyzed asymmetric inverse-electron-demand Diels-Alder(IEDDA)reaction using electron-deficient 3-carboalkoxyl-2-pyrones and less electron-enriched aryl enol ethers as reactants.A wide range of non-and 1,2-disubstituted acyclic aryl enol ethers are applicable to deliver diverse chiral bridged bicyclic lactones in high yields and stereoselectivities(up to 96%yield,>20:1 dr,97:3 er).The bridged bicyclic lactone core can be easily converted into chiral aryl cyclohex-3-en ether scaffold.Notably,DFT calculations revealed a stepwise and endo mechanism to explain the high enantioselectivity controlled by the cooperative effect of the steric factors and the dispersion interactions between ligands and enol ethers.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFB4101100)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22178375 and 22478414)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions.
摘要Catalytic aryl ether C—O bonds hydrogenolysis was an important route to convert lignite into high valueadded chemicals.Solid super acid 10%Ni-S2O82-=ZrO2 catalysts were successfully synthesized and evaluated their performance in catalytic hydrolysis of lignite derivatives.The excellent performance of 10%Ni-S2O82-=ZrO2 stems from the synergistic interaction between metallic and acidic sites.Specifically,the acidic sites generated by S2O82- facilitate the adsorption of O atoms in the substrate,whereas the metal sites optimize the process of hydrogen adsorption and activation and promote the generation of hydrogen radicals,which further enhances the ability to break C—O bonds.Thus,10%Ni-S2O82-=ZrO2 exhibits more significantcatalytic activity compared to 10%Ni-ZrO2 prepared from pure ZrO2 as a support.Characterization results showed that the 10%Ni-S2O82-=ZrO2 catalyst prepared by sodium borohydride reduction method presented a uniform pore structure,which effectively promoted the dispersion of metal Ni on the catalyst surface.Complete conversion of diphenyl ether(DPE)can be achieved under relatively mild conditions,and excellent hydrogenolysis activity is also demonstrated for other lignite derivatives containing C—O bonds.The possible reaction mechanism of DPE hydrogenolysis in the H2-isopropanol system was investigated.This work represents a significantstep forward in the design of highly efficientsolid super acid catalysts.