Extraction unit operation is the first step in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)product manufacturing,and it is crucial in determining the quality of the produced medicine.However,due to a lack of effective multimodal...Extraction unit operation is the first step in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)product manufacturing,and it is crucial in determining the quality of the produced medicine.However,due to a lack of effective multimodal monitoring and adjustment strategies,achieving high quality and efficiency remains a challenge.In this work,we proposed an artificial intelligence(AI)-based robot platform for the multi-objective optimization of the extraction process.First,a perception intelligence method for multimodal process monitoring was established to track active ingredient transfer and production changes during the extraction process.Second,a digital twin model was developed to reconstruct the field information,which interacted with real-time monitoring data.Furthermore,the model performed real-time inference to predict future production process states by using the reconstructing information.Finally,according to the predicted process states,the autonomous decision-making robot implemented multi-objective optimization,ensuring efficient process adjustments for global optimization.Experimental and industrial results demonstrated that the platform could effectively infer component transfer dynamics,monitor temperature variations,and identify boiling states,ensuring product quality while reducing energy consumption.This pharmaceutical robot could promote the integration of AI and pharmaceutical engineering,thereby accelerating the iterative development and improvement of China’s pharmaceutical industry.展开更多
Against the background of comprehensive ecological environmental governance and digital transformation, traditional environmental monitoring modes represented by manual sampling and single-point detection are graduall...Against the background of comprehensive ecological environmental governance and digital transformation, traditional environmental monitoring modes represented by manual sampling and single-point detection are gradually unable to meet the demands of refined, real-time, and full-coverage environmental management. To solve the problems of discrete monitoring points, delayed data transmission, low analysis accuracy, and insufficient early warning capacity in current environmental monitoring work, this paper takes regional ecological environment as the research object, systematically explores the overall framework, core technical principles, functional modules, and deployment modes of the regional ecological environment intelligent perception and precision monitoring system. Combined with the Internet of Things, artificial intelligence, big data analysis, and edge computing technologies, this study expounds the operation mechanism of each subsystem in detail, verifies the practical application effect of the system through actual monitoring data, and analyzes the application advantages and existing deficiencies compared with traditional monitoring methods. On this basis, the optimization direction and popularization path of the system are proposed. The research results can provide theoretical support and technical reference for the construction of digital environmental monitoring networks in different regions and promote the intelligent upgrading and high-quality development of the ecological environmental monitoring industry.展开更多
Flip-flow screens offer unique advantages in grading fine-grained materials.To address inaccuracies caused by sensor vibra-tions in traditional contact measurement methods,we constructed a non-invasive measurement sys...Flip-flow screens offer unique advantages in grading fine-grained materials.To address inaccuracies caused by sensor vibra-tions in traditional contact measurement methods,we constructed a non-invasive measurement system based on electrical and optical sig-nals.A trajectory tracking algorithm for the screen-body was developed to visually measure the kinematics.Employing the principle oflaser reflection for distance measurement,optical techniques were performed to capture the kinematic information of the screen-plate.Ad-ditionally,by using Wi-Fi and Bluetooth transmission of electrical signals,tracer particle tracking technology was implemented to elec-trically measure the kinematic information of mineral particles.Consequently,intelligent fusion and perception of the kinematic informa-tion for the screen-body,screen-plate,and particles in the screening system have been achieved.展开更多
With the rapid expansion of renewable energy systems,particularly wind and solar energy,coal-fired power plants(CFPPs)are expected to serve as flexible and dispatchable backup resources.This evolving role imposes new ...With the rapid expansion of renewable energy systems,particularly wind and solar energy,coal-fired power plants(CFPPs)are expected to serve as flexible and dispatchable backup resources.This evolving role imposes new demands on their operational adaptability,efficiency,and intelligence.In this context,the intelligent transformation of CFPPs has become a key enabler for achieving both flexible operations and long-term sustainability.This paper provides a comprehensive review of the latest developments in intelligent coal-fired power technologies,focusing on three critical pillars:intelligent perception,intelligent control,and intelligent operation.Key enabling technologies,such as ubiquitous sensing systems,advanced control algorithms,and automated operation platforms,are examined in detail.Additionally,two representative engineering cases are introduced to demonstrate practical applications and benefits:the intelligent control of coal-fired units coupled with novel energy-storage systems and the implementation of unmanned operation in smart power plants.These projects highlight the transformative potential of intelligent technologies in enhancing the flexibility,efficiency,and autonomy of coal-fired power units.Finally,future perspectives on intelligent technologies are presented.The findings of this study offer valuable insights into the pathway toward clean,flexible,and intelligent coal-based power generation in an evolving energy landscape.展开更多
Intelligent perception,as a cutting-edge field of modern science and technology,is profoundly changing our understanding and interaction with the world.With the rapid development of artificial intelligence,the Interne...Intelligent perception,as a cutting-edge field of modern science and technology,is profoundly changing our understanding and interaction with the world.With the rapid development of artificial intelligence,the Internet of things,big data,and other technologies,intelligent perception systems have shown great potential in non-destructive testing,safety monitoring,human-computer interaction,and precision measurement.Traditional sensing technologies face many challenges in complex scenarios or specific needs,while intelligent perception provides a new path for innovation and breakthroughs in instrumentation and sensing technologies through multidisciplinary integration.展开更多
Fault location and isolation in the power distribution system are the core links to ensure the reliability of power supply,and the traditional methods have problems such as insufficient positioning accuracy and slow i...Fault location and isolation in the power distribution system are the core links to ensure the reliability of power supply,and the traditional methods have problems such as insufficient positioning accuracy and slow isolation response in complex power grid structures.The introduction of intelligent sensing technology provides a new path for distribution network fault handling,and with the help of multi-source sensor data collection and deep integration of machine learning algorithms,the goal of accurate capture and rapid research and judgment of fault signals can be achieved.At the fault location level,a technical system including signal feature extraction,type recognition,multi-terminal fusion and single-phase grounding high-sensitivity positioning is constructed,and at the isolation level,adaptive criterion and distributed collaborative isolation scheme are proposed,which combines network reconstruction and multi-level protection coordination to improve power supply reliability.The simulation results show that the proposed method has better positioning accuracy and isolation speed,and has strong practical value in engineering applications.展开更多
The rapid development of the socio-economy has driven a continuous increase in electricity demand,placing higher requirements on the operation of the power system.Power transmission,distribution,and utilization engine...The rapid development of the socio-economy has driven a continuous increase in electricity demand,placing higher requirements on the operation of the power system.Power transmission,distribution,and utilization engineering play a crucial role in the entire power system,with their operational efficiency directly affecting the overall stability of the power supply.This paper analyzes the application advantages of automated operation technology in power transmission,distribution,and utilization engineering,and examines specific applications of relevant technologies,such as holographic perception and real-time monitoring technology,edge computing and cloud computing collaboration technology,multi-source data integration technology,adaptive control technology,and network security defense technology.Based on this,strategies for the efficient automated operation of power transmission,distribution,and utilization engineering are proposed,providing valuable references for the long-term development of power engineering.展开更多
Small object detection in complex agricultural scenes is mainly aimed at pests, disease spots, young fruits, flower organs, weed seedlings, missing seedling points, and obstacles within the field of view of agricultur...Small object detection in complex agricultural scenes is mainly aimed at pests, disease spots, young fruits, flower organs, weed seedlings, missing seedling points, and obstacles within the field of view of agricultural machinery. This type of target has a small scale, weak edges, high background coupling, and is easily affected by occlusion, lighting, motion blur, and differences in acquisition devices. In recent years, algorithm advancements have focused on YOLO series improvements, multi-scale feature fusion, attention mechanisms, loss function optimization, and lightweight deployment. Agricultural small target detection has shifted from single precision improvement to scene adaptation, edge operation, and job collaboration. In the future, efforts should be made to strengthen data scene coverage, preserve detailed features, and evaluate production tasks, so that algorithms can better serve agricultural intelligent perception.展开更多
Imaging hyperspectral technology has distinctive advantages of non-destructive and non-contact measurement,and the integration of spectral and spatial data.These characteristics present new methodologies for intellige...Imaging hyperspectral technology has distinctive advantages of non-destructive and non-contact measurement,and the integration of spectral and spatial data.These characteristics present new methodologies for intelligent geological sensing in tunnels and other underground engineering projects.However,the in situ acquisition and rapid classification of hyperspectral images in underground still faces great challenges,including the difficulty in obtaining uniform hyperspectral images and the complexity of deploying sophisticated models on mobile platforms.This study proposes an intelligent lithology identification method based on partition feature extraction of hyperspectral images.Firstly,pixel-level hyperspectral information from representative lithological regions is extracted and fused to obtain rock hyperspectral image partition features.Subsequently,an SG-SNV-PCA-DNN(SSPD)model specifically designed for optimizing rock hyperspectral data,performing spectral dimensionality reduction,and identifying lithology is integrated.In an experimental study involving 3420 hyperspectral images,the SSPD identification model achieved the highest accuracy in the testing set,reaching 98.77%.Moreover,the speed of the SSPD model was found to be 18.5%faster than that of the unprocessed model,with an accuracy improvement of 5.22%.In contrast,the ResNet-101 model,used for point-by-point identification based on non-partitioned features,achieved a maximum accuracy of 97.86%in the testing set.In addition,the partition feature extraction methods significantly reduce computational complexity.An objective evaluation of various models demonstrated that the SSPD model exhibited superior performance,achieving a precision(P)of 99.46%,a recall(R)of 99.44%,and F1 score(F1)of 99.45%.Additionally,a pioneering in situ detection work was carried out in a tunnel using underground hyperspectral imaging technology.展开更多
The port energy system is characterized by complex multi-energy coupling,high load volatility,and deep cyber-physical integration.Facing the trend of digital transformation and intelligent upgrading of ports,addressin...The port energy system is characterized by complex multi-energy coupling,high load volatility,and deep cyber-physical integration.Facing the trend of digital transformation and intelligent upgrading of ports,addressing the challenges of complex system analysis and modeling,decision optimization and precise control in dynamic network environments becomes essential for advancing port energy system research.This paper outlines the fundamental characteristics of the port cyber-physical energy system(CPES)and analyzes the challenges and key issues faced by the integrated architecture of perception,transmission,control and optimization.Furthermore,the state of art in core technologies,including intelligent perception,adaptive transmission,coordinated control and collaborative optimization is reviewed.This paper also summarizes and prospects the future research directions and potential applications of port CPES.展开更多
Intelligent perception means that with the assistance of artificial intelligence(AI)-motivated brain,flexible sensors achieve the ability of memory,learning,judgment,and reasoning about external information like the h...Intelligent perception means that with the assistance of artificial intelligence(AI)-motivated brain,flexible sensors achieve the ability of memory,learning,judgment,and reasoning about external information like the human brain.Due to the superiority of machine learning(ML)algorithms in data processing and intelligent recognition,intelligent perception systems possess the ability to match or even surpass human perception systems.However,the built-in flexible sensors in these systems need to work on dynamic and irregular surfaces,inevitably affecting the precision and fidelity of the acquired data.In recent years,the strategy of introducing the developed functional materials and innovative structures into flexible sensors has made some progress toward the above challenges,and with the blessing of ML algorithms,accurate perception and reasoning in various scenarios have been achieved.Here,the most representative functional materials and innovative structures for constructing flexible sensors are comprehensively reviewed,the research progress of intelligent perception systems based on flexible sensors and ML algorithms is further summarized,and the intersection of the two is expected to unlock new opportunities for next-stage AI development.展开更多
Safety is essential when building a strong transportation system.As a key development direction in the global railway system,the intelligent railway has safety at its core,making safety a top priority while pursuing t...Safety is essential when building a strong transportation system.As a key development direction in the global railway system,the intelligent railway has safety at its core,making safety a top priority while pursuing the goals of efficiency,convenience,economy,and environmental friendliness.This paper describes the state of the art and proposes a system architecture for intelligent railway systems.It also focuses on the development of railway safety technology at home and abroad,and proposes the active safety method and technology system based on advanced theoretical methods such as the in-depth integration of cyber–physical systems(CPS),data-driven models,and intelligent computing.Finally,several typical applications are demonstrated to verify the advancement and feasibility of active safety technology in intelligent railway systems.展开更多
An increase in car ownership brings convenience to people’s life.However,it also leads to frequent traffic accidents.Precisely forecasting surrounding agents’future trajectories could effectively decrease vehicle-ve...An increase in car ownership brings convenience to people’s life.However,it also leads to frequent traffic accidents.Precisely forecasting surrounding agents’future trajectories could effectively decrease vehicle-vehicle and vehicle-pedestrian collisions.Long-short-term memory(LSTM)network is often used for vehicle trajectory prediction,but it has some shortages such as gradient explosion and low efficiency.A trajectory prediction method based on an improved Transformer network is proposed to forecast agents’future trajectories in a complex traffic environment.It realizes the transformation from sequential step processing of LSTM to parallel processing of Transformer based on attentionmechanism.To performtrajectory predictionmore efficiently,a probabilistic sparse self-attention mechanism is introduced to reduce attention complexity by reducing the number of queried values in the attention mechanism.Activate or not(ACON)activation function is adopted to select whether to activate or not,hence improving model flexibility.The proposed method is evaluated on the publicly available benchmarks nextgeneration simulation(NGSIM)and ETH/UCY.The experimental results indicate that the proposed method can accurately and efficiently predict agents’trajectories.展开更多
Perception is the interaction interface between an intelligent system and the real world.Without sophisticated and flexible perceptual capabilities,it is impossible to create advanced artificial intelligence(AI)system...Perception is the interaction interface between an intelligent system and the real world.Without sophisticated and flexible perceptual capabilities,it is impossible to create advanced artificial intelligence(AI)systems.For the next-generation AI,called'AI 2.0',one of the most significant features will be that AI is empowered with intelligent perceptual capabilities,which can simulate human brain's mechanisms and are likely to surpass human brain in terms of performance.In this paper,we briefly review the state-of-the-art advances across different areas of perception,including visual perception,auditory perception,speech perception,and perceptual information processing and learning engines.On this basis,we envision several R&D trends in intelligent perception for the forthcoming era of AI 2.0,including:(1)human-like and transhuman active vision;(2)auditory perception and computation in an actual auditory setting;(3)speech perception and computation in a natural interaction setting;(4)autonomous learning of perceptual information;(5)large-scale perceptual information processing and learning platforms;and(6)urban omnidirectional intelligent perception and reasoning engines.We believe these research directions should be highlighted in the future plans for AI 2.0.展开更多
Humans can quickly perform adaptive grasping of soft objects by using visual perception and judgment of the grasping angle,which helps prevent the objects from sliding or deforming excessively.However,this easy task r...Humans can quickly perform adaptive grasping of soft objects by using visual perception and judgment of the grasping angle,which helps prevent the objects from sliding or deforming excessively.However,this easy task remains a challenge for robots.The grasping states of soft objects can be categorized into four types:sliding,appropriate,excessive and extreme.Effective recognition of different states is crucial for achieving adaptive grasping of soft objects.To address this problem,a novel visual-curvature fusion network based on YOLOv8(VCFN-YOLOv8)is proposed to evaluate the grasping state of various soft objects.In this framework,the robotic arm equipped with the wrist camera and the curvature sensor is established to perform generalization grasping and lifting experiments on 11 different objects.Meanwhile,the dataset is built for training and testing the proposed method.The results show a classification accuracy of 99.51% on four different grasping states.A series of grasping evaluation experiments is conducted based on the proposed framework,along with tests for the model's generality.The experiment results demonstrate that VCFN-YOLOv8 is accurate and efficient in evaluating the grasping state of soft objects and shows a certain degree of generalization for non-soft objects.It can be widely applied in fields such as automatic control,adaptive grasping and surgical robot.展开更多
The integration of Digital Twin(DT)technology in hydraulic engineering has the potential to address critical challenges in real-time monitoring,risk prediction,and system optimisation.Existing hydraulic systems face l...The integration of Digital Twin(DT)technology in hydraulic engineering has the potential to address critical challenges in real-time monitoring,risk prediction,and system optimisation.Existing hydraulic systems face limitations in terms of data integration,predictive capabilities,and operational efficiency.This study aims to develop a comprehensive Digital Twin framework for hydraulic engineering that facilitates enhanced decision-making through real-time virtual-physical interaction.A five-dimensional DT architecture is proposed,incorporating multi-source data fusion,GIS-BIM integration,and real-time monitoring.The system was applied to the Danjiangkou Project,demonstrating improvements in deformation monitoring accuracy,water quality simulations,and geological hazard prediction.The results indicate that the DT framework provides significant advancements over traditional methods in terms of operational efficiency,safety management,and predictive capabilities.This research highlights the potential of Digital Twin technology to transform hydraulic engineering practices by enabling more intelligent,data-driven decision-making and operational optimisation.Future work should focus on refining predictive models,enhancing data synchronisation,and exploring the integration of emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence and blockchain.展开更多
基金funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2024YFC3506900)the Special Project for Technological Innovation in New Productive Forces of Modern Chinese Medicines(24ZXZKSY00010 and 24ZXZKSY00040)the Innovation Team and Talents Cultivation Program of National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine(ZYYCXTD-D-202002)。
摘要Extraction unit operation is the first step in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)product manufacturing,and it is crucial in determining the quality of the produced medicine.However,due to a lack of effective multimodal monitoring and adjustment strategies,achieving high quality and efficiency remains a challenge.In this work,we proposed an artificial intelligence(AI)-based robot platform for the multi-objective optimization of the extraction process.First,a perception intelligence method for multimodal process monitoring was established to track active ingredient transfer and production changes during the extraction process.Second,a digital twin model was developed to reconstruct the field information,which interacted with real-time monitoring data.Furthermore,the model performed real-time inference to predict future production process states by using the reconstructing information.Finally,according to the predicted process states,the autonomous decision-making robot implemented multi-objective optimization,ensuring efficient process adjustments for global optimization.Experimental and industrial results demonstrated that the platform could effectively infer component transfer dynamics,monitor temperature variations,and identify boiling states,ensuring product quality while reducing energy consumption.This pharmaceutical robot could promote the integration of AI and pharmaceutical engineering,thereby accelerating the iterative development and improvement of China’s pharmaceutical industry.
摘要Against the background of comprehensive ecological environmental governance and digital transformation, traditional environmental monitoring modes represented by manual sampling and single-point detection are gradually unable to meet the demands of refined, real-time, and full-coverage environmental management. To solve the problems of discrete monitoring points, delayed data transmission, low analysis accuracy, and insufficient early warning capacity in current environmental monitoring work, this paper takes regional ecological environment as the research object, systematically explores the overall framework, core technical principles, functional modules, and deployment modes of the regional ecological environment intelligent perception and precision monitoring system. Combined with the Internet of Things, artificial intelligence, big data analysis, and edge computing technologies, this study expounds the operation mechanism of each subsystem in detail, verifies the practical application effect of the system through actual monitoring data, and analyzes the application advantages and existing deficiencies compared with traditional monitoring methods. On this basis, the optimization direction and popularization path of the system are proposed. The research results can provide theoretical support and technical reference for the construction of digital environmental monitoring networks in different regions and promote the intelligent upgrading and high-quality development of the ecological environmental monitoring industry.
基金financially supported by ChinaNational Funds for Distinguished Young Scientists(No.52125403)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52261135540 and 52404303)Science and Tech-nology Plan Special Fund Project of Jiangsu Province,China(No.BZ2024046)。
摘要Flip-flow screens offer unique advantages in grading fine-grained materials.To address inaccuracies caused by sensor vibra-tions in traditional contact measurement methods,we constructed a non-invasive measurement system based on electrical and optical sig-nals.A trajectory tracking algorithm for the screen-body was developed to visually measure the kinematics.Employing the principle oflaser reflection for distance measurement,optical techniques were performed to capture the kinematic information of the screen-plate.Ad-ditionally,by using Wi-Fi and Bluetooth transmission of electrical signals,tracer particle tracking technology was implemented to elec-trically measure the kinematic information of mineral particles.Consequently,intelligent fusion and perception of the kinematic informa-tion for the screen-body,screen-plate,and particles in the screening system have been achieved.
基金supported by the Coal-Major Project(2024ZD1700304)the Flexible Coal-Fired Power Generation Technology Project of the Beijing Huairou Laboratory(ZD2022001A).
摘要With the rapid expansion of renewable energy systems,particularly wind and solar energy,coal-fired power plants(CFPPs)are expected to serve as flexible and dispatchable backup resources.This evolving role imposes new demands on their operational adaptability,efficiency,and intelligence.In this context,the intelligent transformation of CFPPs has become a key enabler for achieving both flexible operations and long-term sustainability.This paper provides a comprehensive review of the latest developments in intelligent coal-fired power technologies,focusing on three critical pillars:intelligent perception,intelligent control,and intelligent operation.Key enabling technologies,such as ubiquitous sensing systems,advanced control algorithms,and automated operation platforms,are examined in detail.Additionally,two representative engineering cases are introduced to demonstrate practical applications and benefits:the intelligent control of coal-fired units coupled with novel energy-storage systems and the implementation of unmanned operation in smart power plants.These projects highlight the transformative potential of intelligent technologies in enhancing the flexibility,efficiency,and autonomy of coal-fired power units.Finally,future perspectives on intelligent technologies are presented.The findings of this study offer valuable insights into the pathway toward clean,flexible,and intelligent coal-based power generation in an evolving energy landscape.
摘要Intelligent perception,as a cutting-edge field of modern science and technology,is profoundly changing our understanding and interaction with the world.With the rapid development of artificial intelligence,the Internet of things,big data,and other technologies,intelligent perception systems have shown great potential in non-destructive testing,safety monitoring,human-computer interaction,and precision measurement.Traditional sensing technologies face many challenges in complex scenarios or specific needs,while intelligent perception provides a new path for innovation and breakthroughs in instrumentation and sensing technologies through multidisciplinary integration.
摘要Fault location and isolation in the power distribution system are the core links to ensure the reliability of power supply,and the traditional methods have problems such as insufficient positioning accuracy and slow isolation response in complex power grid structures.The introduction of intelligent sensing technology provides a new path for distribution network fault handling,and with the help of multi-source sensor data collection and deep integration of machine learning algorithms,the goal of accurate capture and rapid research and judgment of fault signals can be achieved.At the fault location level,a technical system including signal feature extraction,type recognition,multi-terminal fusion and single-phase grounding high-sensitivity positioning is constructed,and at the isolation level,adaptive criterion and distributed collaborative isolation scheme are proposed,which combines network reconstruction and multi-level protection coordination to improve power supply reliability.The simulation results show that the proposed method has better positioning accuracy and isolation speed,and has strong practical value in engineering applications.
摘要The rapid development of the socio-economy has driven a continuous increase in electricity demand,placing higher requirements on the operation of the power system.Power transmission,distribution,and utilization engineering play a crucial role in the entire power system,with their operational efficiency directly affecting the overall stability of the power supply.This paper analyzes the application advantages of automated operation technology in power transmission,distribution,and utilization engineering,and examines specific applications of relevant technologies,such as holographic perception and real-time monitoring technology,edge computing and cloud computing collaboration technology,multi-source data integration technology,adaptive control technology,and network security defense technology.Based on this,strategies for the efficient automated operation of power transmission,distribution,and utilization engineering are proposed,providing valuable references for the long-term development of power engineering.
摘要Small object detection in complex agricultural scenes is mainly aimed at pests, disease spots, young fruits, flower organs, weed seedlings, missing seedling points, and obstacles within the field of view of agricultural machinery. This type of target has a small scale, weak edges, high background coupling, and is easily affected by occlusion, lighting, motion blur, and differences in acquisition devices. In recent years, algorithm advancements have focused on YOLO series improvements, multi-scale feature fusion, attention mechanisms, loss function optimization, and lightweight deployment. Agricultural small target detection has shifted from single precision improvement to scene adaptation, edge operation, and job collaboration. In the future, efforts should be made to strengthen data scene coverage, preserve detailed features, and evaluate production tasks, so that algorithms can better serve agricultural intelligent perception.
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52379103,52279103)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(Grant No.ZR2023YQ049).
摘要Imaging hyperspectral technology has distinctive advantages of non-destructive and non-contact measurement,and the integration of spectral and spatial data.These characteristics present new methodologies for intelligent geological sensing in tunnels and other underground engineering projects.However,the in situ acquisition and rapid classification of hyperspectral images in underground still faces great challenges,including the difficulty in obtaining uniform hyperspectral images and the complexity of deploying sophisticated models on mobile platforms.This study proposes an intelligent lithology identification method based on partition feature extraction of hyperspectral images.Firstly,pixel-level hyperspectral information from representative lithological regions is extracted and fused to obtain rock hyperspectral image partition features.Subsequently,an SG-SNV-PCA-DNN(SSPD)model specifically designed for optimizing rock hyperspectral data,performing spectral dimensionality reduction,and identifying lithology is integrated.In an experimental study involving 3420 hyperspectral images,the SSPD identification model achieved the highest accuracy in the testing set,reaching 98.77%.Moreover,the speed of the SSPD model was found to be 18.5%faster than that of the unprocessed model,with an accuracy improvement of 5.22%.In contrast,the ResNet-101 model,used for point-by-point identification based on non-partitioned features,achieved a maximum accuracy of 97.86%in the testing set.In addition,the partition feature extraction methods significantly reduce computational complexity.An objective evaluation of various models demonstrated that the SSPD model exhibited superior performance,achieving a precision(P)of 99.46%,a recall(R)of 99.44%,and F1 score(F1)of 99.45%.Additionally,a pioneering in situ detection work was carried out in a tunnel using underground hyperspectral imaging technology.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Founda-tion of China(U23A20333,62573378,62325306,62273237)Hebei Natural Science Foundation(F2023203099)+1 种基金the S&T Program of Hebei(254Z0301G,226Z4501G)the Science Research Project of Hebei Education Department(JZX2024005).
摘要The port energy system is characterized by complex multi-energy coupling,high load volatility,and deep cyber-physical integration.Facing the trend of digital transformation and intelligent upgrading of ports,addressing the challenges of complex system analysis and modeling,decision optimization and precise control in dynamic network environments becomes essential for advancing port energy system research.This paper outlines the fundamental characteristics of the port cyber-physical energy system(CPES)and analyzes the challenges and key issues faced by the integrated architecture of perception,transmission,control and optimization.Furthermore,the state of art in core technologies,including intelligent perception,adaptive transmission,coordinated control and collaborative optimization is reviewed.This paper also summarizes and prospects the future research directions and potential applications of port CPES.
基金Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF),Grant/Award Numbers:2018R1D1A1A09083353,2018R1A6A1A03025242Korea Ministry of Environment(MOE)Graduate School specialized in Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control ProjectResearch Grant of Kwangwoon University in 2022。
摘要Intelligent perception means that with the assistance of artificial intelligence(AI)-motivated brain,flexible sensors achieve the ability of memory,learning,judgment,and reasoning about external information like the human brain.Due to the superiority of machine learning(ML)algorithms in data processing and intelligent recognition,intelligent perception systems possess the ability to match or even surpass human perception systems.However,the built-in flexible sensors in these systems need to work on dynamic and irregular surfaces,inevitably affecting the precision and fidelity of the acquired data.In recent years,the strategy of introducing the developed functional materials and innovative structures into flexible sensors has made some progress toward the above challenges,and with the blessing of ML algorithms,accurate perception and reasoning in various scenarios have been achieved.Here,the most representative functional materials and innovative structures for constructing flexible sensors are comprehensively reviewed,the research progress of intelligent perception systems based on flexible sensors and ML algorithms is further summarized,and the intersection of the two is expected to unlock new opportunities for next-stage AI development.
基金supported by the 2021 Chinese Academy of Engineering(CAE)International Top-level Forum on Engineering Science and Technology,“Safety and Governance of the High-Speed Railway”。
摘要Safety is essential when building a strong transportation system.As a key development direction in the global railway system,the intelligent railway has safety at its core,making safety a top priority while pursuing the goals of efficiency,convenience,economy,and environmental friendliness.This paper describes the state of the art and proposes a system architecture for intelligent railway systems.It also focuses on the development of railway safety technology at home and abroad,and proposes the active safety method and technology system based on advanced theoretical methods such as the in-depth integration of cyber–physical systems(CPS),data-driven models,and intelligent computing.Finally,several typical applications are demonstrated to verify the advancement and feasibility of active safety technology in intelligent railway systems.
基金the SuzhouKey industrial technology innovation project SYG202031the Future Network Scientific Research Fund Project,FNSRFP-2021-YB-29.
摘要An increase in car ownership brings convenience to people’s life.However,it also leads to frequent traffic accidents.Precisely forecasting surrounding agents’future trajectories could effectively decrease vehicle-vehicle and vehicle-pedestrian collisions.Long-short-term memory(LSTM)network is often used for vehicle trajectory prediction,but it has some shortages such as gradient explosion and low efficiency.A trajectory prediction method based on an improved Transformer network is proposed to forecast agents’future trajectories in a complex traffic environment.It realizes the transformation from sequential step processing of LSTM to parallel processing of Transformer based on attentionmechanism.To performtrajectory predictionmore efficiently,a probabilistic sparse self-attention mechanism is introduced to reduce attention complexity by reducing the number of queried values in the attention mechanism.Activate or not(ACON)activation function is adopted to select whether to activate or not,hence improving model flexibility.The proposed method is evaluated on the publicly available benchmarks nextgeneration simulation(NGSIM)and ETH/UCY.The experimental results indicate that the proposed method can accurately and efficiently predict agents’trajectories.
基金supported by the Strategic Consulting Research Project of Chinese Academy of Engineering(No.2016-ZD-04-03)
摘要Perception is the interaction interface between an intelligent system and the real world.Without sophisticated and flexible perceptual capabilities,it is impossible to create advanced artificial intelligence(AI)systems.For the next-generation AI,called'AI 2.0',one of the most significant features will be that AI is empowered with intelligent perceptual capabilities,which can simulate human brain's mechanisms and are likely to surpass human brain in terms of performance.In this paper,we briefly review the state-of-the-art advances across different areas of perception,including visual perception,auditory perception,speech perception,and perceptual information processing and learning engines.On this basis,we envision several R&D trends in intelligent perception for the forthcoming era of AI 2.0,including:(1)human-like and transhuman active vision;(2)auditory perception and computation in an actual auditory setting;(3)speech perception and computation in a natural interaction setting;(4)autonomous learning of perceptual information;(5)large-scale perceptual information processing and learning platforms;and(6)urban omnidirectional intelligent perception and reasoning engines.We believe these research directions should be highlighted in the future plans for AI 2.0.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Project of Shanxi Province(202403021211229).
摘要Humans can quickly perform adaptive grasping of soft objects by using visual perception and judgment of the grasping angle,which helps prevent the objects from sliding or deforming excessively.However,this easy task remains a challenge for robots.The grasping states of soft objects can be categorized into four types:sliding,appropriate,excessive and extreme.Effective recognition of different states is crucial for achieving adaptive grasping of soft objects.To address this problem,a novel visual-curvature fusion network based on YOLOv8(VCFN-YOLOv8)is proposed to evaluate the grasping state of various soft objects.In this framework,the robotic arm equipped with the wrist camera and the curvature sensor is established to perform generalization grasping and lifting experiments on 11 different objects.Meanwhile,the dataset is built for training and testing the proposed method.The results show a classification accuracy of 99.51% on four different grasping states.A series of grasping evaluation experiments is conducted based on the proposed framework,along with tests for the model's generality.The experiment results demonstrate that VCFN-YOLOv8 is accurate and efficient in evaluating the grasping state of soft objects and shows a certain degree of generalization for non-soft objects.It can be widely applied in fields such as automatic control,adaptive grasping and surgical robot.
摘要The integration of Digital Twin(DT)technology in hydraulic engineering has the potential to address critical challenges in real-time monitoring,risk prediction,and system optimisation.Existing hydraulic systems face limitations in terms of data integration,predictive capabilities,and operational efficiency.This study aims to develop a comprehensive Digital Twin framework for hydraulic engineering that facilitates enhanced decision-making through real-time virtual-physical interaction.A five-dimensional DT architecture is proposed,incorporating multi-source data fusion,GIS-BIM integration,and real-time monitoring.The system was applied to the Danjiangkou Project,demonstrating improvements in deformation monitoring accuracy,water quality simulations,and geological hazard prediction.The results indicate that the DT framework provides significant advancements over traditional methods in terms of operational efficiency,safety management,and predictive capabilities.This research highlights the potential of Digital Twin technology to transform hydraulic engineering practices by enabling more intelligent,data-driven decision-making and operational optimisation.Future work should focus on refining predictive models,enhancing data synchronisation,and exploring the integration of emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence and blockchain.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFA1401100)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61974014)the Innovation Group Project of Sichuan Province(20CXTD0090).