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Endoscopic treatment of gastrointestinal perforations and leaks:Why,when,and how? 认领 引用
1
作者 Adonis A Protopapas Vaia Kyritsi +4 位作者 Dimitrios Tsavdaris Alexandros Mekras Christos Savopoulos Antonios Michalopoulos Daniel Paramythiotis 《World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy》 2026年第1期20-34,共15页
Gastrointestinal leaks and perforations are severe conditions that require urgent management.While these conditions were traditionally treated surgically,a growing body of evidence suggests that endoscopic treatment m... Gastrointestinal leaks and perforations are severe conditions that require urgent management.While these conditions were traditionally treated surgically,a growing body of evidence suggests that endoscopic treatment may be more suitable in a significant proportion of cases.Furthermore,the evolution of therapeutic endoscopy has led to an increased number of such cases being diagnosed during the initial intervention,providing the opportunity for prompt endoscopic treatment.The decision between endoscopic and surgical therapy,as well as the specific type of endoscopic therapy to use,depends on the type and site of perforation,the timing,and the individual characteristics of each patient.It is essential that clinicians can accurately identify patients who are suitable for endoscopic treatment and those who require surgical intervention.Furthermore,there are many areas where high-quality data on the comparison of different modalities are lacking.This manuscript aims to illustrate the patients for whom endoscopic treatment may be indicated and the modalities that can be used for defect closure and prevention of complications. 展开更多
关键词 Perforations Leaks Endoscopy Management Clips Modalities
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Acoustic-Emission-Driven Pipeline Leak Detection Using Wavelet Time-Frequency Maps and Inception-V3 Deep Network 认领 引用
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作者 Siqiang Zheng Yu Lu +3 位作者 Xuetong Xu Kai Sun Lanzhu Zhang Zhiqin Qian 《Computers, Materials & Continua》 SCIE EI 2026年第6期1987-2002,共16页
Pipelines play a crucial role in chemical industrial production.However,due to long operating cycles,seal failures,and internal corrosion,hazardous chemical media are prone to leak,potentially leading to serious accid... Pipelines play a crucial role in chemical industrial production.However,due to long operating cycles,seal failures,and internal corrosion,hazardous chemical media are prone to leak,potentially leading to serious accidents such as explosions.To address the limitations of existing pipeline leak detection methods—specifically their insufficient recognition accuracy and poor robustness in noisy environments—this paper proposes an Acoustic Emission(AE)-driven leakage state recognition method based on wavelet time-frequency maps and the Inception-V3 deep network.First,a pipeline leak experimental platform was constructed,and AE signals were collected.The signals were denoised through wavelet decomposition reconstruction.Then,the continuous wavelet transform(CWT)was applied to perform time-frequency analysis of the AE signals,generating wavelet time-frequency maps as the dataset.Finally,a deep learning classification model based on Inception-V3 was developed to identify different pipeline leak states.Experimental results show that the proposed method achieves a recognition accuracy of 99.6%.Compared with other network models and feature-based support vector machine(SVM)models,this method exhibits superior robustness in high noise and high recognition accuracy under small leakage conditions,confirming its effectiveness and advantages in pipeline leak detection. 展开更多
关键词 Pipeline leak detection acoustic emission wavelet analysis inception-V3 network
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Assessment of VOC mitigation from equipment leaks in petroleum refining in Guangdong,China:Insights from a long-term leak detection and repair(LDAR)implementation 认领 引用
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作者 Xi-Bo Sun Cheng-Hao Liao +4 位作者 Zhi-Yang Liu Yong-Bo Zhang Xiao-Ming Liang Li-Min Chen Dai-Qi Ye 《Petroleum Science》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2026年第6期3698-3709,共12页
Fugitive volatile organic compound(VOC)emissions from equipment leaks in the petroleum refining industry threaten ambient air quality and human health.The impact of a long-term leak detection and repair(LDAR)on mitiga... Fugitive volatile organic compound(VOC)emissions from equipment leaks in the petroleum refining industry threaten ambient air quality and human health.The impact of a long-term leak detection and repair(LDAR)on mitigating these emissions has not been adequately elucidated.Herein,we explored the VOC emission characteristics and mitigation from a petroleum refinery in a long-term LDAR implementation,established emission factors at production unit-level and enterprise-level,and assessed the VOC mitigatio n,ozone formation potential(OFP)and seconda ry organic ae rosol formation potential(SOAP)from equipment leaks of petroleum refining in Guangdong,China.The results indicated that the long-term implementation of LDAR at the enterprise-level petroleum refining facility resulted in an approximately 40.5%reduction in overall VOC emissions.Kerosene hydrotreating unit(KHU),catalytic reforming unit(CRU),delayed coking unit(DCU),aromatics recovery complex(ARC),and hydrocracking unit(HCU)were the top five units for emission reduction,while valves and connectors were the top two sealing points.The implementation of LDAR across all petroleum refineries in Guangdong Province achieved annual VOC emission reductions ranging from 129.0 to 160.5 tons between 2018 and2022,with corresponding reductions in OFP and SOAP of approximately 68.2%.Alkenes/alkynes were the primary contributors to OFP,whereas aromatics dominated SOAP.Three recommendations were proposed for the optimization of future LDAR implementation policies:to emphasize the quality control and assurance of LDAR detection data;to establish a refined LDAR work plan that integrates production units and sealing points;and to conduct LDAR work on a regular and continuous basis. 展开更多
关键词 Petroleum refining Leak detection and repair VOC mitigation Emission factors Control policy
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Endoscopic salvage therapy for refractory cystic duct type A bile leak after cholecystectomy with coil-assisted glue embolization:A case report 认领 引用
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作者 Sanil Parekh Nagesh Kamat +5 位作者 Biswa Ranjan Patra Sidharth Harindranath Onkar Pensalwar Shivdas Medabalmewar Sehajad Vora Amit Maydeo 《World Journal of Translational Medicine》 2026年第2期111-116,共6页
BACKGROUND An 83-year-old male with multiple comorbidities presented with high-output biliary leak following a subtotal cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis.He was referred for advanced biliary intervention.CASE SU... BACKGROUND An 83-year-old male with multiple comorbidities presented with high-output biliary leak following a subtotal cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis.He was referred for advanced biliary intervention.CASE SUMMARY Despite repeated endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and the placement of up to three biliary plastic stents,the patient experienced an increase in bilious drainage reaching 200 mL/day,accompanied by significant weight loss.Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography revealed a fluid collection at the gallbladder bed connected to the biliary tree,confirming an active bile leak,likely originating from the cystic duct stump.At endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography,the previously placed biliary stents were removed,and common bile duct(CBD)was selectively cannulated.Cholangiogram showed dilated CBD with a leak at the cystic duct.SpyGlass cholangioscope was used to cannulate the cystic duct,and a guidewire was passed through the leak site to the percutaneous drain.A biliary access cannula was inserted over the guidewire via the percutaneous route,and 3 coils(two of 4 mm and one of 6 mm)were deployed at the leak site,followed by cyanoacrylate glue injection.This achieved immediate and complete cessation of the leak,as confirmed by an occlusion cholangiogram.A 7-Fr 12-cm plastic biliary stent was placed into the CBD,and free flow of bile was noted,providing a minimally invasive solution for a refractory post-surgical complication.CONCLUSION This case highlights that for persistent,high-output stump leaks that fail conventional stenting,the combined use of cholangioscopy-guided coil and glue embolization offers an effective salvage therapy that avoids the morbidity of a second major surgery. 展开更多
关键词 Bile leak Cholecystectomy Choledocholithiasis Embolization Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography Case report
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Machine learning and deep learning to improve prevention of anastomotic leak after rectal cancer surgery 认领 引用 被引量：2
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作者 Francesco Celotto Quoc R Bao +2 位作者 Giulia Capelli Gaya Spolverato Andrew A Gumbs 《World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery》 SCIE 2025年第1期25-31,共7页
Anastomotic leakage(AL)is a significant complication following rectal cancer surgery,adversely affecting both quality of life and oncological outcomes.Recent advancements in artificial intelligence(AI),particularly ma... Anastomotic leakage(AL)is a significant complication following rectal cancer surgery,adversely affecting both quality of life and oncological outcomes.Recent advancements in artificial intelligence(AI),particularly machine learning and deep learning,offer promising avenues for predicting and preventing AL.These technologies can analyze extensive clinical datasets to identify preoperative and perioperative risk factors such as malnutrition,body composition,and radiological features.AI-based models have demonstrated superior predictive power compared to traditional statistical methods,potentially guiding clinical decisionmaking and improving patient outcomes.Additionally,AI can provide surgeons with intraoperative feedback on blood supply and anatomical dissection planes,minimizing the risk of intraoperative complications and reducing the likelihood of AL development. 展开更多
关键词 Anastomotic leak Rectal cancer Surgery Machine learning Deep Learning
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Optimal timing of endoscopic biliary drainage for bile duct leaks:A multicenter,retrospective,clinical study 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 De-Xin Chen Kai-Xuan Fang +7 位作者 Sheng-Xin Chen Sen-Lin Hou Gui-Hai Wen Hai-Kun Yang Da-Peng Shi Qing-Xin Lu Ya-Qi Zhai Ming-Yang Li 《World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery》 SCIE 2025年第3期139-149,共11页
BACKGROUND Bile duct leaks(BDLs)are serious postsurgical adverse events.Typically,conservative management with ab-dominal drainage is the initial treatment option.However,prolonged abdominal drainage without improveme... BACKGROUND Bile duct leaks(BDLs)are serious postsurgical adverse events.Typically,conservative management with ab-dominal drainage is the initial treatment option.However,prolonged abdominal drainage without improvement can lead to biliary stricture and delay the optimal timing of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP).AIM To identify the optimal timing for ERCP and the period during which clinical observation with conservative management is acceptable,balancing ERCP success and the risk of biliary strictures.METHODS We conducted a multicenter retrospective study involving 448 patients with BDLs between November 2002 and November 2022.The patients were divided into four groups based on the timing of ERCP:3 days,7 days,14 days,and 21 days.The primary outcome was clinical success,defined as the resolution of BDL and related symptoms within 6 months without additional percutaneous drainage,surgery,or death.The secondary outcome was incidence of biliary strictures.Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with ERCP success and biliary stricture occurrence.RESULTS In a cohort of 448 consecutive patients diagnosed with BDLs,354 were excluded,leaving 94 patients who underwent ERCP.Clinical success was achieved in 84%of cases(79/94),with a median ERCP timing of 20 days(9.5-35.3 days).Biliary strictures were identified in 29(30.9%)patients.Performing ERCP within 3 weeks,compared to after 3 weeks,was associated with higher success rates[92.0%(46/50)vs 75.0%(33/44),P=0.032]and a lower incidence of biliary stricture incidence[18.0%(9/50)vs 45.5%(20/44),P=0.005].Subsequent multivariate analysis confirmed the association with higher success rates(odds ratio=4.168,P=0.045)and lower biliary stricture rates(odds ratio=0.256,P=0.007).CONCLUSION Performing ERCP for BDLs within 3 weeks may be associated with a higher success rate and a lower biliary stricture rate.If patients with BDLs do not respond to conservative treatment,ERCP is suggested to be performed within 3 weeks. 展开更多
关键词 Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography Bile duct leaks Endoscopic nasobiliary drainage Endoscopic biliary stent drainage Optimal timing Biliary stricture
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Does the brain weep?Post-hysterectomy vaginal leak may not always be urine! 认领 引用
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作者 Sajal Gupta Abheesh Varma Hegde Geover Joslen Lobo 《Asian Journal of Urology》 CAS CSCD 2025年第3期412-413,共2页
Dear Editor,The incidence of complications associated with ventriculoperitoneal(VP)shunts ranges from 24%to 47%,with abdominal complications comprising 25%of these cases[1].The shunt may migrate to various body parts,... Dear Editor,The incidence of complications associated with ventriculoperitoneal(VP)shunts ranges from 24%to 47%,with abdominal complications comprising 25%of these cases[1].The shunt may migrate to various body parts,including the abdominal wall,gastrointestinal tract,vagina,bladder,scrotum,mediastinum,and the oral cavity.Cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)leakage through the vagina is an uncommon complication of VP shunts;however,its exact incidence remains unknown.Such complications can result in failure of the shunt procedure,often requiring revision or reinsertion in affected patients[2]. 展开更多
关键词 ventriculoperitoneal shunt vaginal leak vp shuntshoweverits brain abdominal wallgastrointestinal cerebrospinal fluid leak complications
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Endoscopic management of biliary leaks:Where are we now? 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 Alberto Tringali Deborah Costa Daryl Ramai 《World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy》 2025年第7期12-27,共16页
Biliary leaks can arise as a consequence of cholecystectomy,liver surgery,liver transplant,or,less frequently,trauma.Early identification and characterization of these leaks are crucial,as they can significantly enhan... Biliary leaks can arise as a consequence of cholecystectomy,liver surgery,liver transplant,or,less frequently,trauma.Early identification and characterization of these leaks are crucial,as they can significantly enhance patient outcomes by reducing morbidity and mortality.Traditionally,surgical repair has been the standard treatment;however,advancements in endoscopic techniques and tools have established endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP)as the primary approach for managing these often-complicated cases.Interventions such as sphincterotomy,nasobiliary drainage,and stent placement aim to alleviate the pressure within the bile duct,facilitating depressurization and promoting leak healing.Alongside ERCP,endoscopic ultrasound is playing an increasingly vital role in addressing challenging cases.Ongoing improvements in endoscopic technologies and methodologies offer promising prospects,often minimizing the need for invasive surgical interventions.Nonetheless,the management of biliary leaks continues to pose significant challenges for clinicians.An optimal approach for patients experiencing bile leakage should be determined on a case-by-case basis and discussed within a multidisciplinary team involving radiologists,endoscopists,and surgeons.This comprehensive review aims to elucidate the role of endoscopy in the management of various types of biliary leaks,providing clinicians with practical insights to navigate this complex field. 展开更多
关键词 Biliary leak Bile duct injury Post-cholecystectomy Liver transplant Liver trauma Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography Sphincterotomy Biliary stent
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Investigation on propagation mechanism of leakage acoustic waves in horizontal liquid pipelines containing gas bubbles 认领 引用
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作者 Cui-Wei Liu Lin-Jing Yue +2 位作者 Yuan Xue Shu-Fang Zhu Yu-Xing Li 《Petroleum Science》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2025年第4期1757-1770,共14页
Sound speed is essential for leakage detection in liquid pipelines when using acoustic methods,which can be significantly influenced by gas bubbles generated from leakage.The propagation characteristics and mechanism ... Sound speed is essential for leakage detection in liquid pipelines when using acoustic methods,which can be significantly influenced by gas bubbles generated from leakage.The propagation characteristics and mechanism of acoustic waves in horizontal liquid pipelines containing gas bubbles are studied in detail in the present paper.The effect of sound wave frequency,bubble size and bubble distribution pattern on sound speed is studied through numerical simulations.The results show that the acoustic wave generated by leakage of liquid pipelines containing gas bubbles is a multi-frequency signal,and the energy of the signal is mainly concentrated within 200 Hz.In the low-frequency range,the propagation of sound waves has almost no dispersion in bubbly liquid.Sound speed at a certain void fraction is not constant,which is related to the bubble size and distribution pattern.The bubble size affects the gasliquid heat transfer equilibrium,during which sound speed is affected.For this reason,a thermodynamic correction factor is proposed,which enables the accuracy of the sound speed calculation to reach98.2%.What's more,sound speed increases non-linearly with the reduction of the bubble distribution space in the pipeline axial direction.This paper establishes a theoretical calculation model of sound speed based on the bubble distribution pattern in the pipeline axial direction,which is in good agreement with the numerical calculation results.The results of this paper provide the basis for applying acoustic leak detection technology in liquid pipelines containing gas bubbles. 展开更多
关键词 Liquid pipelines Gas bubbles Sound speed Leak detection Computational fluid dynamics
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Endoscopic vacuum-assisted closure as a first-line treatment for post-esophagectomy anastomotic leaks:A paradigm shift in management 认领 引用
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作者 Ioannis Katsaros Stavros P Papadakos +2 位作者 Markos Despotidis Andreas Koutsoumpas Dimitrios Schizas 《World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery》 SCIE 2025年第12期59-64,共6页
Post-esophagectomy anastomotic leak(AL)is a severe complication following esophagectomy,contributing to increased morbidity,prolonged hospitalization,and a significant risk of mortality.Endoscopic vacuum-assisted clos... Post-esophagectomy anastomotic leak(AL)is a severe complication following esophagectomy,contributing to increased morbidity,prolonged hospitalization,and a significant risk of mortality.Endoscopic vacuum-assisted closure(EndoVac)has emerged as a promising first-line treatment,offering a highly effective approach for managing post-esophagectomy AL.EndoVac therapy utilizes continuous negative pressure within the esophageal lumen or mediastinal cavity,promoting granulation tissue formation,accelerating wound healing,and enhancing AL closure rates.Compared to stenting,EndoVac provides distinct advantages,including superior adaptability to varying leak sizes and locations,enhanced secretion drainage,and lower rates of reintervention.Clinical studies have demonstrated higher success rates,decreased post-intervention complications,and shorter hospital stays.Despite its advantages,challenges persist in patient selection,procedural expertise,and accessibility.EndoVac application requires experienced endoscopic teams and multidisciplinary expertise,which is best achieved in high-volume centers with specialized care.Variability in EndoVac protocols necessitate further refinement and standardization to optimize treatment outcomes.The integration of EndoVac into standardized treatment guidelines holds promise for improving patient outcomes and redefining the management approach for this challenging postoperative complication. 展开更多
关键词 Esophageal cancer Esophagectomy Anastomotic leak Endoscopic vacuumassisted closure Endoscopic vacuum therapy
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RBZZER:A Directed Fuzzing Technique for Efficient Detection of Memory Leaks via Risk Area Analysis 认领 引用
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作者 Xi Peng Peng Jia +1 位作者 Ximing Fan Jiayong Liu 《Computers, Materials & Continua》 SCIE EI 2025年第9期4601-4625,共25页
Memory leak is a common software vulnerability that can decrease the reliability of an application and,in severe cases,even cause program crashes.If there are intentionally triggerable memory leak vulnerabilities in a... Memory leak is a common software vulnerability that can decrease the reliability of an application and,in severe cases,even cause program crashes.If there are intentionally triggerable memory leak vulnerabilities in a program,attackers can exploit these bugs to launch denial-of-service attacks or induce the program to exhibit unexpected behaviors due to low memory conditions.Existing fuzzing techniques primarily focus on improving code coverage,and specialized fuzzing techniques for individual memory-related defects like uncontrolled memory allocation do not address memory leak vulnerabilities.MemLock is the first fuzzing technique to address memory consumption vulnerabilities including memory leakage.However,the coverage-centric guidance mechanism of MemLock introduces a degree of aimlessness in the testing process,that results in low seed quality and slow bug exposure speed.To address this issue,we propose a risk areas guidance-based fuzzing technique called RBZZER.First,RBZZER retains MemLock’s memory consumption-guided mechanism and introduces a novel distance-guided approach to expedite the arrival of fuzzing at the potential memory areas.Second,we introduce a new seed scheduling strategy called risk areas-based seed scheduling,which classifies seeds based on potential memory leak areas in the program and further schedules them,thereby effectively improving the efficiency of discovering memory leak vulnerabilities.Experiments demonstrate that RBZZER outperforms the state-of-the-art fuzzing techniques by finding 52%more program unique crashes than the second-best counterpart.In particular,RBZZER can discover the amount of memory leakage at least 112%more than the other baseline fuzzers.Besides,RBZZER detects memory leaks at an average speed that is 9.10x faster than MemLock. 展开更多
关键词 System security software testing directed fuzzing memory leak vulnerability
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Endoscopic management for gastrointestinal leaks,perforations,and fistulae:Technical tips and outcomes 认领 引用
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作者 Chhagan L Birda Jahnvi Dhar +8 位作者 Naveen Kumar Shubhra Mishra Giuseppe Dell'Anna Cherring Tandup Satish S Nagaraj Stefano F Crinò Vikramjit Mitra Zaheer Nabi Jayanta Samanta 《World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy》 2025年第12期10-30,共21页
Gastrointestinal(GI)tract defects can be classified into three distinct entities:Leak,perforation,and fistula.Each arises from different mechanisms and is managed accordingly.Leaks occur most often after surgery,while... Gastrointestinal(GI)tract defects can be classified into three distinct entities:Leak,perforation,and fistula.Each arises from different mechanisms and is managed accordingly.Leaks occur most often after surgery,while perforations arise due to flexible endoscopic maneuvers.Fistulae arise from a variety of mechanisms,including specific disease states.Endoscopic management is vital in treating such defects if the region of interest can be accessed with the appropriate endoscopic accessories.The primary goal of endoscopic therapy is to interrupt the flow of luminal contents across a GI defect.Considering the proper endoscopic approach to luminal closure,several basic principles must be considered.Outcomes are dependent on the size and exact location of the leak/fistula,as well as the viability of the surrounding tissue.Almost all complex leaks and fistulae must be approached in a multidisciplinary manner,collaborating with colleagues in nutrition,radiology,and surgery.With advances in technology,a myriad of devices and accessories are available that allow a tailored approach.In this review,we discuss these modalities,provide technical tips,and review published outcomes data regarding each approach,as well as practical considerations for the successful closure of these defects. 展开更多
关键词 Leak Clip Metal stent Endoscopy Surgery Iatrogenic
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Endoscopic management of bile duct leaks: Current strategies and controversies 认领 引用
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作者 De-Xin Chen Sheng-Xin Chen +4 位作者 Guan-Jun Zhang Ya-Wen Liang Yu-Ming Han Ya-Qi Zhai Ming-Yang Li 《World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy》 2025年第10期90-100,共11页
Bile duct leak(BDL)is a common complication of hepatobiliary surgery,including cholecystectomy,hepatic resection,and liver transplantation.Timely recognition and effective management are essential to prevent serious c... Bile duct leak(BDL)is a common complication of hepatobiliary surgery,including cholecystectomy,hepatic resection,and liver transplantation.Timely recognition and effective management are essential to prevent serious complications such as peritonitis,intra-abdominal abscesses,and sepsis.Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP)has become the first-line diagnostic and therapeutic approach.Despite the high overall success rate,the optimal treatment strategies remain a subject of ongoing debate.This review summarizes the existing classification systems and current endoscopic management of BDLs,including drainage strategies,optimal timing of ERCP and stent removal,and approaches for complex cases. 展开更多
关键词 Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography Bile duct leaks Endoscopic biliary drainage Biliary stent Biliary fistula
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Real-Time Pressure Based Diagnosis Method for Oil Pipeline Leakage 认领 引用 被引量：3
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作者 刘金海 马艳娟 +1 位作者 吴振宁 汪刚 《Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong university(Science)》 EI 2017年第2期233-239,共7页
As detecting the pressure signal is the main method in the real-time leak diagnosis of long pipeline, an abnormal pressure diagnosis method is proposed to make the leak diagnosis rapidly and accurately. Firstly, a com... As detecting the pressure signal is the main method in the real-time leak diagnosis of long pipeline, an abnormal pressure diagnosis method is proposed to make the leak diagnosis rapidly and accurately. Firstly, a combination filter algorithm is designed to realize noise reduction. Then, an anomaly detection algorithm is designed to detect abnormal pressure on the head and tail of the pipeline. Finally, the relevancy of the detected novelties is computed by Pearson correlation coefficient to identify the leakages. The experimental results show that the proposed method can rapidly detect the leakage with few false alarms and accurately locate the position of the leakage. © 2017, Shanghai Jiaotong University and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg. 展开更多
关键词 leak diagnosis long pipeline adaptive threshold leak detection leak location
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Harnessing interfacial and gas-phase reaction engineering to enhance sensing performance for autonomous gas leak detection in smell-based robot 认领 引用
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作者 Si-Yi Xiang Tong-Yang Wang +1 位作者 Zi-Kang Zhang Han Jin 《Rare Metals》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2025年第12期10343-10355,共13页
Accurate localization of hazardous gas leaks,like 2-heptanone,is crucial for chemical environment safety.Conventional devices struggle to differentiate similar compounds and ignore airflow effects.This study demonstra... Accurate localization of hazardous gas leaks,like 2-heptanone,is crucial for chemical environment safety.Conventional devices struggle to differentiate similar compounds and ignore airflow effects.This study demonstrates that modifying the interfacial and gas-phase reactivity of metal oxides such as In2O3 enhances gas specificity.Density functional theory(DFT) calculations reveal that In2O3(222) surfaces strongly adsorb and interact electrochemically with 2-heptanone,boosting interfacial catalytic activity.Gas-phase conversion tests show that In2O3 calcined below 1000℃ reduces interference from other gases,improving selectivity for 2-heptanone.The optimized sensor,using an In2O3 electrode,exhibits high sensitivity and selectivity for 2-heptanone.To locate leaks accurately,we developed a wind-aware robot equipped with this sensor.The robot counters airflow effects using light detection and ranging(LiDAR) for spatial mapping and ultrasonic anemometry for wind measurement.By integrating real-time wind-field modeling with a Twin Delayed Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient(TD3) reinforcement learning algorithm,the robot can interpret chemical signals under fluctuating wind conditions,enabling precise leak localization.Simulations and wind tunnel tests yield localization success rates of 90% and 70%,respectively.This work combines advanced material design,aerodynamic intelligence,and autonomous navigation,providing a practical solution for gas leak detection in complex environments. 展开更多
关键词 2-Heptanone Mixed-potential electrochemical gas sensor Gas leak localization Smell-based robot Gas-phase reaction
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Anastomotic leak after ileocolic resection for Crohn’s disease:The latest evidence 认领 引用
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作者 Miao-Lin Lei Li-Li Dong Yan-Bo Yu 《World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery》 SCIE 2025年第7期1-8,共8页
Studies have indicated that approximately half of individuals with Crohn’s disease(CD)may undergo surgery at some point during their lifetime.Ileocolic resection(ICR)is the most frequently performed procedure for tre... Studies have indicated that approximately half of individuals with Crohn’s disease(CD)may undergo surgery at some point during their lifetime.Ileocolic resection(ICR)is the most frequently performed procedure for treating CD.Addressing anastomotic leak(AL)remains a critical focus in the perioperative and postoperative care of CD patients.A research study published in the World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery by Cwaliński et al included 77 individuals who had open ICR and primary stapled anastomosis to assess the risk factors linked to anastomotic insufficiency.At present,research on anastomotic insufficiency has focused on AL.Therefore,this editorial mainly analyzes the current risk factors linked to AL after ICR and discusses potential prevention strategies.We comprehensively consider risk factors such as body weight,medication use,surgical history,smoking,penetrating behaviour,and albumin levels to stratify patient risk.Based on recent research insights,we propose that individualized surgical timing,approaches,and techniques should be selected according to the patient's risk level. 展开更多
关键词 Anastomotic leak Risk factor Ileocolic resection Prevention Crohn’s disease
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Exploratory operation in a patient with spontaneous temporal bone cerebrospinal fluid leaks:A case report 认领 引用
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作者 Yuan-Song He Yong Zheng 《World Journal of Clinical Cases》 2025年第20期42-48,共7页
BACKGROUND Cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)leaks in the temporal bone arise from osteodural defects,resulting in an abnormal connection between the subarachnoid space and the adjacent tympanomastoid cavity,which often manifes... BACKGROUND Cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)leaks in the temporal bone arise from osteodural defects,resulting in an abnormal connection between the subarachnoid space and the adjacent tympanomastoid cavity,which often manifests as otorrhea.Patients typically exhibit symptoms such as headache,unilateral hearing impairment,aural fullness,or even meningitis.Imaging studies are critical for identifying and differentiating the location and characteristics of CSF leaks.However,when the leak's origin remains ambiguous,diagnostic surgery may be warranted to both confirm the diagnosis and facilitate treatment.This report discusses an uncommon case while reviewing relevant literature,focusing on the surgical diagnostic intervention in a 58-year-old male with spontaneous temporal bone CSF leaks.CASE SUMMARY The patient,a 58-year-old man,was admitted for evaluation of left ear fullness,hearing loss,and nasal discharge.Notably,when supine,clear fluid drained from the left nasal cavity,with improvement noted upon sitting.A nasal examination did not reveal significant findings,while the otologic evaluation indicated an intact periosteum;however,considerable fluid accumulation was identified within the left middle ear.Despite undergoing multiple periosteal punctures and conservative medical management,the middle ear effusion persisted.Imaging studies,including magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)and computed tomography,confirmed the presence of left-sided CSF otorrhea,and the head MRI indicated potential CSF rhinorrhea.This raised challenges in determining whether the CSF leak originated from the sphenoid sinus or the temporal bone.Given that CSF otorrhea may drain through the external auditory canal and CSF rhinorrhea from the sellar region can present as nasal leakage,differentiation proved complex.In this case,with an intact external auditory canal,CSF from the middle ear was observed to flow into the nasal cavity via the Eustachian tube.Therefore,leakage from both sites could be misconstrued as CSF rhinorrhea,complicating the diagnostic process.Consequently,an exploratory surgical procedure was performed,revealing an incomplete dura mater on the temporal aspect of the petrous bone,which was subsequently repaired.CONCLUSION Benign intracranial hypertension can result in meningeal protrusion or meningoencephalocele,which may lead to CSF leakage that generally responds favorably to mucosal repair.In instances where imaging fails to identify the source of the leak or when diagnostic options are limited,proactive exploratory surgery is advisable.Although surgical interventions carry inherent risks,the application of endoscopic techniques by experienced surgeons renders this approach a feasible choice for addressing both diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. 展开更多
关键词 Spontaneous temporal bone cerebrospinal fluid leaks Diagnosis Exploratory operation Endoscopic Case report
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Chyle leak following root of mesentery dissection in pancreaticoduodenectomy with inferior infracolic superior mesenteric artery first approach 认领 引用
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作者 Prabir Maharjan Sujan Regmee +5 位作者 Spandan D Adhikari Rabin Pahari Roshan Ghimire Dhiresh K Maharjan Suman K Shrestha Prabin B Thapa 《World Journal of Clinical Cases》 2025年第8期8-14,共7页
BACKGROUND The root of mesentery dissection is one of the critical maneuvers,especially in borderline resectable pancreatic head cancer.Intra-abdominal chyle leak(CL)including chylous ascites may ensue in up to 10%of ... BACKGROUND The root of mesentery dissection is one of the critical maneuvers,especially in borderline resectable pancreatic head cancer.Intra-abdominal chyle leak(CL)including chylous ascites may ensue in up to 10%of patients after pancreatic resections.Globally recognized superior mesenteric artery(SMA)first approaches are invariably performed.The mesenteric dissection through the inferior infracolic approach has been discussed in this study emphasizing its post-operative impact on CL which is the cornerstone of this study.AIM To assess incidence,risk factors,clinical impact of CL following root of mesentery dissection,and the different treatment modalities.METHODS This is a retrospective study incorporating the patients who underwent dissection of the root of mesentery with inferior infracolic SMA first approach pancreat-oduodenectomy for the ventral body and uncinate mass of pancreas in the Department of Gastrointestinal and General Surgery of Kathmandu Medical College and Teaching Hospital from January 1,2021 to February 28,2024.Intraop-erative findings and postoperative outcomes were analyzed.RESULTS In three years,ten patients underwent root of mesentery dissection with inferior infracolic SMA first approach pancreatoduodenectomy.The mean age was 67.6 years with a male-to-female ratio of 4:5.CL was seen in four patients.With virtue of CL,Clavien-Dindo grade Ⅱ or higher morbidity was observed in four patients.Two patients had a hospital stay of more than 20 days with the former having a delayed gastric emptying and the latter with long-term total parenteral nutrition requirement.The mean operative time was 330 minutes.Curative resection was achieved in 100%of the patients.The mean duration of the intensive care unit and hospital stay were 2.55±1.45 days and 15.7±5.32 days,respectively.CONCLUSION Root of mesentery dissection with lymphadenectomy and vascular resection correlated with occurrence of CL.After complete curative resection,these were managed with total parenteral nutrition without adversely impacting outcome. 展开更多
关键词 Chyle leak Chylous ascites Clavien-Dindo Pancreatoduodenectomy Root of mesentery dissection Superior mesenteric artery first approach Total parenteral nutrition Uncinate mass Vascular resection Ventral body mass
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Root’s Border Control:How Plants Leak Glutamine to Map and Feed their Microbial Allies 认领 引用
19
作者 YAN Fusheng 《Bulletin of the Chinese Academy of Sciences》 2025年第4期227-230,共4页
Beneath the soil,roots don’t just soak up water and nutrients-they actively recruit and organize their microbial companions.New research reveals how a tiny amino acid leak can shape underground communities,with impli... Beneath the soil,roots don’t just soak up water and nutrients-they actively recruit and organize their microbial companions.New research reveals how a tiny amino acid leak can shape underground communities,with implications for plant health and agriculture. 展开更多
关键词 amino acid leak underground communities microbial allies plants agriculture glutamine root health
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Distinguishing between parenchymal and anastomotic leakage at duct-to-mucosa pancreatic reconstruction in pancreaticoduodenectomy 认领 引用 被引量：7
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作者 Justin H Nguyen 《World Journal of Gastroenterology》 SCIE CAS 2008年第43期6648-6654,共7页
AIM： To distinguish anastomotic from parenchymal leakage at duct-to-mucosa reconstruction of the pancreatic remnant. METHODS： We reviewed the charts of 68 pancreaticoduodenectomies performed between 5/2000 and 12/20... AIM： To distinguish anastomotic from parenchymal leakage at duct-to-mucosa reconstruction of the pancreatic remnant. METHODS： We reviewed the charts of 68 pancreaticoduodenectomies performed between 5/2000 and 12/2005 with end-to-side duct-to-mucosa pancreatojejunostomy （PJ）. The results of pancreatography, as well as peripancreatic drain volumes, and amylase levels were analyzed. RESULTS： Of 68 pancreatojejunostomies, 48 had no leak by pancreatography and had low-drain amylase （normal）; eight had no pancreatographic leak but had elevated drain amylase （parenchymal leak）; and 12 had pancreatographic leak and elevated drain amylase （anastomotic leak）. Although drain volumes in the parenchymal leak group were significantly elevated at postoperative day （POD） 4, no difference was found at POD 7. Drain amylase level was not significantly different at POD 4. In contrast, at POD 7, the anastomotic-leak group had significantly elevated drain amylase level compared with normal and parenchymalleak groups （14158 ＋ 24083 IU/L vs 89 ＋ 139 IU/L and 1707 ＋ 1515 IU/L, respectively, P = 0.012）. CONCLUSION： For pancreatic remnant reconstruction after pancreaticoduodenectomy, a combination of pancreatogram and peripancreatic drain amylase levels can be used to distinguish between parenchymal and anastomotic leakage at pancreatic remnant reconstruction. 展开更多
关键词 Anastomotic leak Pancreatic leak Pancreaticoduodenectomy Pancreatogram Whipple procedure
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