Because of the uncertainty and subjectivity of decision makers in the complex decision-making environment,the evaluation information of alternatives given by decision makers is often fuzzy and uncertain.As a generaliz...Because of the uncertainty and subjectivity of decision makers in the complex decision-making environment,the evaluation information of alternatives given by decision makers is often fuzzy and uncertain.As a generalization of intuitionistic fuzzy set(IFSs)and Pythagoras fuzzy set(PFSs),q-rung orthopair fuzzy set(q-ROFS)is more suitable for expressing fuzzy and uncertain information.But,in actual multiple attribute decision making(MADM)problems,the weights of DMs and attributes are always completely unknown or partly known,to date,the maximizing deviation method is a good tool to deal with such issues.Thus,combine the q-ROFS and conventional maximizing deviation method,we will study the maximizing deviation method under q-ROFSs and q-RIVOFSs in this paper.Firstly,we briefly introduce the basic concept of q-rung orthopair fuzzy sets(q-ROFSs)and q-rung interval-valued orthopair fuzzy sets(q-RIVOFSs).Then,combine the maximizing deviation method with q-rung orthopair fuzzy information,we establish two new decision making models.On this basis,the proposed models are applied to MADM problems with q-rung orthopair fuzzy information.Compared with existing methods,the effectiveness and superiority of the new model are analyzed.This method can effectively solve the MADM problem whose decision information is represented by q-rung orthopair fuzzy numbers(q-ROFNs)and whose attributes are incomplete.展开更多
In past years,growing efforts have been made to the rapid interpretation of magnetic field data acquired by a sparse synthetic or real magnetic sensor array.An appealing requirement on such sparse array arranged withi...In past years,growing efforts have been made to the rapid interpretation of magnetic field data acquired by a sparse synthetic or real magnetic sensor array.An appealing requirement on such sparse array arranged within a specified survey region is that to make the number of sensor elements as small as possible,meanwhile without deteriorating imaging quality.For this end,we propose a novel methodology of arranging sensors in an optimal manner,exploring the concept of information capacity developed originally in the communication society.The proposed scheme reduces mathematically the design of a sparse sensor array into solving a combinatorial optimization problem,which can be resolved efficiently using widely adopted Simultaneous Perturbation and Statistical Algorithm(SPSA).Three sets of numerical examples of designing optimal sensor array are provided to demonstrate the performance of proposed methodology.展开更多
Energy efficiency is an important criterion for routing algorithms in the wireless sensor network. Cooperative routing can reduce energy consumption effectively stemming from its diversity gain advantage. To solve the...Energy efficiency is an important criterion for routing algorithms in the wireless sensor network. Cooperative routing can reduce energy consumption effectively stemming from its diversity gain advantage. To solve the energy consumption problem and maximize the network lifetime, this paper proposes a Virtual Multiple Input Multiple Output based Cooperative Routing algorithm(VMIMOCR). VMIMOCR chooses cooperative relay nodes based on Virtual Multiple Input Multiple Output Model, and balances energy consumption by reasonable power allocation among transmitters, and decides the forwarding path finally. The experimental results show that VMIMOCR can improve network lifetime from 37% to 348% in the medium node density, compared with existing routing algorithms.展开更多
This paper takes the synthesizing evaluation about industrial economic benefits by examples and proposes a new method named maximizing deviation method for multiindices decision. The new method can automatically deter...This paper takes the synthesizing evaluation about industrial economic benefits by examples and proposes a new method named maximizing deviation method for multiindices decision. The new method can automatically determine the weight coefficients among the multiindices and also can obtain the exact and reliable evaluation results without subjectivity.展开更多
A unique challenge in P2P network is that the peer dynamics (departure or failure) cause unavoidable disruption to the downstream peers. While many works have been dedicated to consider fault resilience in peer select...A unique challenge in P2P network is that the peer dynamics (departure or failure) cause unavoidable disruption to the downstream peers. While many works have been dedicated to consider fault resilience in peer selection, little understanding is achieved regarding the solvability and solution complexity of this problem from the optimization perspective. To this end, we propose an optimization framework based on the generalized flow theory. Key concepts introduced by this framework include resilience factor, resilience index, and generalized throughput, which collectively model the peer resilience in a probabilistic measure. Under this framework, we divide the domain of optimal peer selection along several dimensions including network topology, overlay organization, and the definition of resilience factor and generalized flow. Within each sub-problem, we focus on studying the problem complexity and finding optimal solutions. Simulation study is also performed to evaluate the effectiveness of our model and performance of the proposed algorithms.展开更多
Influence Maximization(IM)aims to select a seed set of size k in a social network so that information can be spread most widely under a specific information propagation model through this set of nodes.However,most exi...Influence Maximization(IM)aims to select a seed set of size k in a social network so that information can be spread most widely under a specific information propagation model through this set of nodes.However,most existing studies on the IM problem focus on static social network features,while neglecting the features of temporal social networks.To bridge this gap,we focus on node features reflected by their historical interaction behavior in temporal social networks,i.e.,interaction attributes and self-similarity,and incorporate them into the influence maximization algorithm and information propagation model.Firstly,we propose a node feature-aware voting algorithm,called ISVoteRank,for seed nodes selection.Specifically,before voting,the algorithm sets the initial voting ability of nodes in a personalized manner by combining their features.During the voting process,voting weights are set based on the interaction strength between nodes,allowing nodes to vote at different extents and subsequently weakening their voting ability accordingly.The process concludes by selecting the top k nodes with the highest voting scores as seeds,avoiding the inefficiency of iterative seed selection in traditional voting-based algorithms.Secondly,we extend the Independent Cascade(IC)model and propose the Dynamic Independent Cascade(DIC)model,which aims to capture the dynamic features in the information propagation process by combining node features.Finally,experiments demonstrate that the ISVoteRank algorithm has been improved in both effectiveness and efficiency compared to baseline methods,and the influence spread through the DIC model is improved compared to the IC model.展开更多
The subdistrict office is the most grass-roots government organization, and is also the main unit providing services for the masses at the grass-roots level. In order to ensure the work efficiency of the subdistrict o...The subdistrict office is the most grass-roots government organization, and is also the main unit providing services for the masses at the grass-roots level. In order to ensure the work efficiency of the subdistrict office, it is necessary to strengthen the modernization of the subdistrict office. However, due to the influence of traditional management concepts for a long time, the street offices in many areas of our country still adopt traditional management methods when carrying out human resources management, which is difficult to motivate the staff. If this situation cannot be changed in time, it will affect the service efficiency of the street offices and the grassroots will be full of complaints, which will not only affect the image of the national government agencies, but also affect the stability of the street residents.展开更多
In response to the critical national demand for upgrading automotive gasoline quality,the concept of dual reaction zones was developed to intensify both olefin generation and conversion.The successful largescale imple...In response to the critical national demand for upgrading automotive gasoline quality,the concept of dual reaction zones was developed to intensify both olefin generation and conversion.The successful largescale implementation of this process has yielded substantial economic benefits and spurred the invention and systematic study of the diameter-transformed fluidized bed(DTFB)reactor,leading to a suite of new catalytic processes.This study begins with the conceptual origins of the DTFB reactor.By analyzing unimolecular and bimolecular mechanisms in hydrocarbon catalysis,the key conditions necessary for maximizing target products are identified.Furthermore,it elucidates the scientific and technological challenges in applying diameter variation to partition the reaction section,highlighting that the primary challenge lies in achieving precise coupling between flow and reaction multimodalities,which necessitates a generalized drag model for accurate prediction of flow regime transitions.Since flow structure is influenced by both macroscopic parameters and local dynamics,a two-way coupled energy minimization multi-scale(EMMS)drag model and a corresponding multi-scale computational fluid dynamics(CFD)approach have been proposed,laying a theoretical foundation for quantitative design of diameter-transformed sections.The subsequent development of ancillary technologies has provided the necessary engineering safeguards for flexible control of temperature,density,and gas-solid contact time in each zone,ultimately enabling the industrialization,large-scale operation,and long-term stability of DTFB-based catalytic technology.Finally,the study outlines several typical processes and their application performance,and prospects future work.展开更多
In this work,we focus on maximizing the ratio of two monotone DR-submodular functions on the integer lattice.It is neither submodular nor supermodular.We prove that the Threshold Decrease Algorithm is a 1-e1-kg-εa...In this work,we focus on maximizing the ratio of two monotone DR-submodular functions on the integer lattice.It is neither submodular nor supermodular.We prove that the Threshold Decrease Algorithm is a 1-e1-kg-εapproximation ratio algorithm.Additionally,we construct the relationship between maximizing the ratio of two monotone DR-submodular functions and maximizing the difference of two monotone DR-submodular functions on the integer lattice.Based on this relationship,we combine the dichotomy technique and Threshold Decrease Algorithm to solve maximizing the difference of two monotone DR-submodular functions on the integer lattice and prove its approximation ratio is f(x)-g(x)≥1-e1-kgf(X*)-g(X*).To the best of our knowledge,before us,there was no work to focus on maximizing the ratio of two monotone DR-submodular functions on integer lattice by using the Threshold Decrease Algorithm.展开更多
The Near Space Hypersonic Vehicle(NSHV)features a unique design and propulsion system,achieving exceptional speed,range,and maneuverability,which challenge ground-based radars.Space-Based Radar(SBR)offers a breakthrou...The Near Space Hypersonic Vehicle(NSHV)features a unique design and propulsion system,achieving exceptional speed,range,and maneuverability,which challenge ground-based radars.Space-Based Radar(SBR)offers a breakthrough for tracking NSHV targets,with allweather operation and freedom from Earth's curvature,but faces complex coordinate transformations.Traditional models often overlook the NSHV's dynamic gliding trajectory,especially the impact of hidden control variables on maneuvering,causing mismatches during rapid motion changes.This paper proposes a refined tracking model unified in the ECEF coordinate frame,incorporating model parameters that implicitly encode control laws,and presents an ExpectationMaximization Multi-swarm Cooperative Particle Swarm Optimization(EM-MCPSO)framework for both NSHV tracking and model parameter estimation to address this problem.To minimize conversion errors,a transformation matrix directly represented by the state in the EarthCentered Earth-Fixed(ECEF)coordinate is derived.Then the hybrid aerodynamic acceleration coefficients are introduced to precisely describe the dynamic behaviors,formulating target tracking as a joint estimation problem of state and parameters within EM framework.Finally,a self-learning algorithm based on a master–slave structured PSO is proposed to solve the optimization of the conditional expectations of EM under strong nonlinearity,with a Proportional-Derivative(PD)controller accelerating convergence,and updating the population structure with historical data.Simulations of vertical gliding and horizontal maneuvers validate the algorithm's effectiveness.展开更多
Long-term in situ instrumental records from marine stations are essential for understanding historical marine climate and environment change,which in turn,provides valuable insights for the evaluation of future climat...Long-term in situ instrumental records from marine stations are essential for understanding historical marine climate and environment change,which in turn,provides valuable insights for the evaluation of future climate change in response to sustainable coastal management.Long-term instrumental records of sea surface temperature(SST)and sea surface salinity(SSS)in semi-enclosed shallow seas are prone to inhomogeneities from non-climatic factors,such as sensor drift,station relocation.It is difficult to make accurate assessments of both anthropogenic and natural climate signals.Xiaochangshan(XCS)marine station at the northern Yellow Sea(NYS)represents a rare observation resource and opportunity,since both SST and SSS of the station are simultaneously and continuously monitored since 1960 with a long distance from land and free from urbanization influences.This study presents a detailed evaluation of the inhomogeneity of monthly SST and SSS data from XCS station(1960–2019).Multiple break points in the SST and SSS data series were identified by the penalized maximum t-test(PMT)and penalized maximum F-test(PMF).These inhomogeneous biases were then adjusted by quantile-matching(QM)method.The newly homogenized data were used to estimate the local marine climate changes.Analysis reveals a critical regime shift toward accelerated warming and salinization.The NYS exhibited a multidecadal SST rise of 0.26℃per decade(1960–2019),with a total warming of 0.66℃during 2010s,accompanied by SSS increases of 0.29 per decade over 1960–2019 and a total increase of 0.54 during 2010s,respectively.This acceleration exceeds regional surface temperature rise benchmarks,suggesting amplified thermodynamic feedbacks in semi-enclosed systems.This study provided one of the few continuous,landindependent long-term marine observational records in China.These homogenized datasets provide a solid data foundation for coastal resource management and climate adaptation strategies,supporting science-based decisionmaking for mariculture and ecosystem conservation.展开更多
Introduction:Fluid thickening improves safety of swallow in patients with oropharyngeal dysphagia due to shear,extensional and/or textural properties.We aimed to assess the effect of each of these properties of thicke...Introduction:Fluid thickening improves safety of swallow in patients with oropharyngeal dysphagia due to shear,extensional and/or textural properties.We aimed to assess the effect of each of these properties of thickening products on post-stroke patients with oropharyngeal dysphagia.Methods:We studied 4 commercial thickening products:A,modified starch;B and C,xanthan gum,and D,a mixture of the 2 and assessed a)shear viscosity at 25℃and 50 and 300 s~(-1)before and after oral incubation,b)extensional deformation by the time to break up diameter,and c)maximal force,adhesiveness and cohesiveness with a texturometer.Results were correlated with videofluoroscopic studies assessing the effect of these thickening products on 267 patients with post-stroke oropharyngeal dysphagia.Results:1)Oral incubation reduced shear viscosity by over 90%for thickening product A and by 19%??35%for B,C,and D.All products presented shear thinning(50%??76%)in the pharynx.2)Safety of swallow was strongly increased in a shear viscosity-dependent manner(P<0.0001)and,moderately,by increasing maximal force(P<0.0001).Residue was increased at different shear viscosity levels(P<0.05).3)break-up diameter varied greatly between thickening products irrespective of safety/efficacy of swallow;and d)adhesiveness and cohesiveness did not affect safety or efficacy of swallow.Conclusion:Shear viscosity improved safety of swallow in a dose-dependent manner with all thickening products in post-stroke patients with oropharyngeal dysphagia and increased oropharyngeal residue.It was greatly affected by oral amylase in modified starch thickening products.Maximal force also moderately increased safety.In contrast,neither extensional deformation nor adhesiveness or cohesiveness presented any relationship with the therapeutic effect of thickening products in post-stroke patients with oropharyngeal dysphagia.展开更多
The formation of desert shrub sand piles(nebkhas)is attributed to the obstruction and subsequent deposition of migrating sand by the shrub itself.However,the relationship between sediment particle size distribution an...The formation of desert shrub sand piles(nebkhas)is attributed to the obstruction and subsequent deposition of migrating sand by the shrub itself.However,the relationship between sediment particle size distribution and shrub branch architecture remains inadequately understood.In August 2020,field investigations were conducted on Tetraena mongolica Maxim.shrubs in the Bayan Engger Desert Nature Reserve,located on the Ordos Plateau in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,China.Crown morphological parameters of T.mongolica shrubs and associated nebkhas were systematically measured alongside branch architectures.A one-way analysis of variance(ANOVA)was used to identify differences in branch architectures among various levels,while correlation analysis and model fitting were applied to establish the relationship between crown and nebkha morphological parameters.Path analysis was utilized to identify the key branch architectures that influence crown development.Furthermore,sediment redistribution characteristics of nebkhas were quantified,and principal component analysis combined with regression models was utilized to elucidate the contributions of key branch architectures and sensitive particle size fractions to nebkha deposition.Results indicated that the step-by-step branch ratio(SBR)initially increased from the lower branches to the outermost branches before subsequently decreasing.Additionally,branch angle significantly increased(P<0.0500),whereas both the branch length and the ratio of branch diameters(RBD)significantly decreased toward the exterior of the shrub(P<0.0500).Expansion of crown area significantly enhanced nebkha volume,demonstrating a strong linear relationship(P<0.0010).As the primary contact surface for trapping wind-blown sand,the silhouette area of the shrub initially increased and then decreased from bottom to top.Notably,the silhouette area of the 10-30 cm height layer played a crucial role in promoting nebkha volume expansion(P<0.0100).Path analysis further revealed that the key branch architectures promoting crown area expansion were the step-by-step branch ratio between the third-level and fourth-level branches(SBR3:4),followed by the fourth-level branch length(BLL4),the third-level branch angle(BAL3),and the ratio of branch diameters between the fourth-level and third-level branches(RBD4:3).Under the continuous interception of sediments by branches and leaves,the proportion of surface sediment with a particle size of 100.00-250.00μm reached 51.07%,indicating a significant increase in fine-sized particles.Further analysis confirmed that SBR3:4,BLL4,BAL3,and sediments within the 50.00-100.00μm particle size range were the primary contributors to nebkha deposition.These results demonstrate that the branch characteristics of T.mongolica shrubs near the ground surface promote fine sediment accumulation and nebkha development by regulating crown expansion.The findings reveal the unique adaptation mechanisms of rare and endangered plants in nebkha microhabitats and provide a scientific basis for ecological windbreak and sand-fixation projects in the desert transition zones of arid and semi-arid regions.展开更多
We discuss a variant of the multi-task n-vehicle exploration problem. Instead of requiring an optimal permutation of vehicles in every group, the new problem requires all vehicles in a group to arrive at the same dest...We discuss a variant of the multi-task n-vehicle exploration problem. Instead of requiring an optimal permutation of vehicles in every group, the new problem requires all vehicles in a group to arrive at the same destination. Given n tasks with assigned consume-time and profit, it may also be viewed as a maximization of every processor's average profit. Further, we propose a new kind of partition problem in fractional form and analyze its computational complexity. By regarding fractional partition as a special case, we prove that the average profit maximization problem is NP-hard when the number of processors is fixed and it is strongly NP- hard in general. At last, a pseudo-polynomial time algorithm for the average profit maximization problem and the fractional partition problem is presented, using the idea of the pseudo-polynomial time algorithm for the classical partition problem.展开更多
Human activities have significantly impacted the land surface temperature(LST),endangering human health;however,the relationship between these two factors has not been adequately quantified.This study comprehensively ...Human activities have significantly impacted the land surface temperature(LST),endangering human health;however,the relationship between these two factors has not been adequately quantified.This study comprehensively constructs a Human Activity Intensity(HAI)index and employs the Maximal Information Coefficient,four-quadrant model,and XGBoostSHAP model to investigate the spatiotemporal relationship and influencing factors of HAI-LST in the Yellow River Basin(YRB)from 2000 to 2020.The results indicated that from 2000 to 2020,as HAI and LST increased,the static HAI-LST relationship in the YRB showed a positive correlation that continued to strengthen.This dynamic relationship exhibited conflicting development,with the proportion of coordinated to conflicting regions shifting from 1:4 to 1:2,indicating a reduction in conflict intensity.Notably,only the degree of conflict in the source area decreased significantly,whereas it intensified in the upper and lower reaches.The key factors influencing the HAI-LST relationship include fractional vegetation cover,slope,precipitation,and evapotranspiration,along with region-specific factors such as PM2.5,biodiversity,and elevation.Based on these findings,region-specific ecological management strategies have been proposed to mitigate conflict-prone areas and alleviate thermal stress,thereby providing important guidance for promoting harmonious development between humans and nature.展开更多
Given a measure space with a ball-basis,we introduce a class of global log-Hölder continuity conditions for variable exponent functions,and we show that the Hardy-Littlewood maximal operator is bounded on weighte...Given a measure space with a ball-basis,we introduce a class of global log-Hölder continuity conditions for variable exponent functions,and we show that the Hardy-Littlewood maximal operator is bounded on weighted variable Lebesgue spaces if and only if the weights satisfy the variable Muckenhoupt condition.As an application,in virtue of extrapolation we establish the weighted norm inequalities for a class of bounded oscillation operators on these variable Lebesgue spaces.展开更多
Let G be a finite group and H a subgroup of G.The normal index of H in G is defined as the order of K/HG,where K is a normal supplement of H in G such that|K|is minimal and HG≤K■G.Let p be a prime which divide...Let G be a finite group and H a subgroup of G.The normal index of H in G is defined as the order of K/HG,where K is a normal supplement of H in G such that|K|is minimal and HG≤K■G.Let p be a prime which divides the order of a group G.In this paper,some characterizations of G being p-solvable or p-supersolvable were obtained by analyzing the normal index of certain subgroups of G.These results can be viewed as local version of recent results in the literature.展开更多
Dear Editor,This letter deals with incentive design problem for noncooperative dynamical systems to achieve social welfare maximization with uncertain types of mixed dynamics.The agents are allowed to liberally choose...Dear Editor,This letter deals with incentive design problem for noncooperative dynamical systems to achieve social welfare maximization with uncertain types of mixed dynamics.The agents are allowed to liberally choose either the pseudo-gradient or best-response dynamics for continuous-time decision-making.展开更多
This paper investigates the in uence of local SS-quasinormal maximal subgroups of Sylow subgroups on the structure of nite groups.We present several new criteria on p-nilpotency of nite groups by utilizing a small qua...This paper investigates the in uence of local SS-quasinormal maximal subgroups of Sylow subgroups on the structure of nite groups.We present several new criteria on p-nilpotency of nite groups by utilizing a small quantity of local SS-quasinormal maximal subgroups of Sylow p-subgroups.As applications,we obtain some sucient conditions for a nite group to be in a saturated formation containing the class of supersolvable groups.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.71571128the Humanities and Social Sciences Foundation of Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China(No.17XJA630003).
摘要Because of the uncertainty and subjectivity of decision makers in the complex decision-making environment,the evaluation information of alternatives given by decision makers is often fuzzy and uncertain.As a generalization of intuitionistic fuzzy set(IFSs)and Pythagoras fuzzy set(PFSs),q-rung orthopair fuzzy set(q-ROFS)is more suitable for expressing fuzzy and uncertain information.But,in actual multiple attribute decision making(MADM)problems,the weights of DMs and attributes are always completely unknown or partly known,to date,the maximizing deviation method is a good tool to deal with such issues.Thus,combine the q-ROFS and conventional maximizing deviation method,we will study the maximizing deviation method under q-ROFSs and q-RIVOFSs in this paper.Firstly,we briefly introduce the basic concept of q-rung orthopair fuzzy sets(q-ROFSs)and q-rung interval-valued orthopair fuzzy sets(q-RIVOFSs).Then,combine the maximizing deviation method with q-rung orthopair fuzzy information,we establish two new decision making models.On this basis,the proposed models are applied to MADM problems with q-rung orthopair fuzzy information.Compared with existing methods,the effectiveness and superiority of the new model are analyzed.This method can effectively solve the MADM problem whose decision information is represented by q-rung orthopair fuzzy numbers(q-ROFNs)and whose attributes are incomplete.
摘要In past years,growing efforts have been made to the rapid interpretation of magnetic field data acquired by a sparse synthetic or real magnetic sensor array.An appealing requirement on such sparse array arranged within a specified survey region is that to make the number of sensor elements as small as possible,meanwhile without deteriorating imaging quality.For this end,we propose a novel methodology of arranging sensors in an optimal manner,exploring the concept of information capacity developed originally in the communication society.The proposed scheme reduces mathematically the design of a sparse sensor array into solving a combinatorial optimization problem,which can be resolved efficiently using widely adopted Simultaneous Perturbation and Statistical Algorithm(SPSA).Three sets of numerical examples of designing optimal sensor array are provided to demonstrate the performance of proposed methodology.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (973 program) (Grant No.2012CB315805)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.61472130 and 61572184)
摘要Energy efficiency is an important criterion for routing algorithms in the wireless sensor network. Cooperative routing can reduce energy consumption effectively stemming from its diversity gain advantage. To solve the energy consumption problem and maximize the network lifetime, this paper proposes a Virtual Multiple Input Multiple Output based Cooperative Routing algorithm(VMIMOCR). VMIMOCR chooses cooperative relay nodes based on Virtual Multiple Input Multiple Output Model, and balances energy consumption by reasonable power allocation among transmitters, and decides the forwarding path finally. The experimental results show that VMIMOCR can improve network lifetime from 37% to 348% in the medium node density, compared with existing routing algorithms.
摘要This paper takes the synthesizing evaluation about industrial economic benefits by examples and proposes a new method named maximizing deviation method for multiindices decision. The new method can automatically determine the weight coefficients among the multiindices and also can obtain the exact and reliable evaluation results without subjectivity.
摘要A unique challenge in P2P network is that the peer dynamics (departure or failure) cause unavoidable disruption to the downstream peers. While many works have been dedicated to consider fault resilience in peer selection, little understanding is achieved regarding the solvability and solution complexity of this problem from the optimization perspective. To this end, we propose an optimization framework based on the generalized flow theory. Key concepts introduced by this framework include resilience factor, resilience index, and generalized throughput, which collectively model the peer resilience in a probabilistic measure. Under this framework, we divide the domain of optimal peer selection along several dimensions including network topology, overlay organization, and the definition of resilience factor and generalized flow. Within each sub-problem, we focus on studying the problem complexity and finding optimal solutions. Simulation study is also performed to evaluate the effectiveness of our model and performance of the proposed algorithms.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Universities of Heilongjiang(Nos.145109217,135509234)the Youth Science and Technology Innovation Personnel Training Project of Heilongjiang(No.UNPYSCT-2020072)the Innovative Research Projects for Postgraduates of Qiqihar University(No.YJSCX2022048).
摘要Influence Maximization(IM)aims to select a seed set of size k in a social network so that information can be spread most widely under a specific information propagation model through this set of nodes.However,most existing studies on the IM problem focus on static social network features,while neglecting the features of temporal social networks.To bridge this gap,we focus on node features reflected by their historical interaction behavior in temporal social networks,i.e.,interaction attributes and self-similarity,and incorporate them into the influence maximization algorithm and information propagation model.Firstly,we propose a node feature-aware voting algorithm,called ISVoteRank,for seed nodes selection.Specifically,before voting,the algorithm sets the initial voting ability of nodes in a personalized manner by combining their features.During the voting process,voting weights are set based on the interaction strength between nodes,allowing nodes to vote at different extents and subsequently weakening their voting ability accordingly.The process concludes by selecting the top k nodes with the highest voting scores as seeds,avoiding the inefficiency of iterative seed selection in traditional voting-based algorithms.Secondly,we extend the Independent Cascade(IC)model and propose the Dynamic Independent Cascade(DIC)model,which aims to capture the dynamic features in the information propagation process by combining node features.Finally,experiments demonstrate that the ISVoteRank algorithm has been improved in both effectiveness and efficiency compared to baseline methods,and the influence spread through the DIC model is improved compared to the IC model.
摘要The subdistrict office is the most grass-roots government organization, and is also the main unit providing services for the masses at the grass-roots level. In order to ensure the work efficiency of the subdistrict office, it is necessary to strengthen the modernization of the subdistrict office. However, due to the influence of traditional management concepts for a long time, the street offices in many areas of our country still adopt traditional management methods when carrying out human resources management, which is difficult to motivate the staff. If this situation cannot be changed in time, it will affect the service efficiency of the street offices and the grassroots will be full of complaints, which will not only affect the image of the national government agencies, but also affect the stability of the street residents.
基金financial supports from the National Key Research and Development Program(2022YFB4101403)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA0390502)。
摘要In response to the critical national demand for upgrading automotive gasoline quality,the concept of dual reaction zones was developed to intensify both olefin generation and conversion.The successful largescale implementation of this process has yielded substantial economic benefits and spurred the invention and systematic study of the diameter-transformed fluidized bed(DTFB)reactor,leading to a suite of new catalytic processes.This study begins with the conceptual origins of the DTFB reactor.By analyzing unimolecular and bimolecular mechanisms in hydrocarbon catalysis,the key conditions necessary for maximizing target products are identified.Furthermore,it elucidates the scientific and technological challenges in applying diameter variation to partition the reaction section,highlighting that the primary challenge lies in achieving precise coupling between flow and reaction multimodalities,which necessitates a generalized drag model for accurate prediction of flow regime transitions.Since flow structure is influenced by both macroscopic parameters and local dynamics,a two-way coupled energy minimization multi-scale(EMMS)drag model and a corresponding multi-scale computational fluid dynamics(CFD)approach have been proposed,laying a theoretical foundation for quantitative design of diameter-transformed sections.The subsequent development of ancillary technologies has provided the necessary engineering safeguards for flexible control of temperature,density,and gas-solid contact time in each zone,ultimately enabling the industrialization,large-scale operation,and long-term stability of DTFB-based catalytic technology.Finally,the study outlines several typical processes and their application performance,and prospects future work.
基金upported by the China Scholarship Council(No.202004910755)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12071459 and 11991022)+2 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities(No.E1E40107X2)supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada(No.283106)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11771386 and 11728104)。
摘要In this work,we focus on maximizing the ratio of two monotone DR-submodular functions on the integer lattice.It is neither submodular nor supermodular.We prove that the Threshold Decrease Algorithm is a 1-e1-kg-εapproximation ratio algorithm.Additionally,we construct the relationship between maximizing the ratio of two monotone DR-submodular functions and maximizing the difference of two monotone DR-submodular functions on the integer lattice.Based on this relationship,we combine the dichotomy technique and Threshold Decrease Algorithm to solve maximizing the difference of two monotone DR-submodular functions on the integer lattice and prove its approximation ratio is f(x)-g(x)≥1-e1-kgf(X*)-g(X*).To the best of our knowledge,before us,there was no work to focus on maximizing the ratio of two monotone DR-submodular functions on integer lattice by using the Threshold Decrease Algorithm.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62233014)。
摘要The Near Space Hypersonic Vehicle(NSHV)features a unique design and propulsion system,achieving exceptional speed,range,and maneuverability,which challenge ground-based radars.Space-Based Radar(SBR)offers a breakthrough for tracking NSHV targets,with allweather operation and freedom from Earth's curvature,but faces complex coordinate transformations.Traditional models often overlook the NSHV's dynamic gliding trajectory,especially the impact of hidden control variables on maneuvering,causing mismatches during rapid motion changes.This paper proposes a refined tracking model unified in the ECEF coordinate frame,incorporating model parameters that implicitly encode control laws,and presents an ExpectationMaximization Multi-swarm Cooperative Particle Swarm Optimization(EM-MCPSO)framework for both NSHV tracking and model parameter estimation to address this problem.To minimize conversion errors,a transformation matrix directly represented by the state in the EarthCentered Earth-Fixed(ECEF)coordinate is derived.Then the hybrid aerodynamic acceleration coefficients are introduced to precisely describe the dynamic behaviors,formulating target tracking as a joint estimation problem of state and parameters within EM framework.Finally,a self-learning algorithm based on a master–slave structured PSO is proposed to solve the optimization of the conditional expectations of EM under strong nonlinearity,with a Proportional-Derivative(PD)controller accelerating convergence,and updating the population structure with historical data.Simulations of vertical gliding and horizontal maneuvers validate the algorithm's effectiveness.
基金The Shenzhen Science and Technology Program under contract No.KCXFZ20240903093100001the National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract No.42176017Tianjin Science and Technology Program under contract No.20JCYBJC00640.
摘要Long-term in situ instrumental records from marine stations are essential for understanding historical marine climate and environment change,which in turn,provides valuable insights for the evaluation of future climate change in response to sustainable coastal management.Long-term instrumental records of sea surface temperature(SST)and sea surface salinity(SSS)in semi-enclosed shallow seas are prone to inhomogeneities from non-climatic factors,such as sensor drift,station relocation.It is difficult to make accurate assessments of both anthropogenic and natural climate signals.Xiaochangshan(XCS)marine station at the northern Yellow Sea(NYS)represents a rare observation resource and opportunity,since both SST and SSS of the station are simultaneously and continuously monitored since 1960 with a long distance from land and free from urbanization influences.This study presents a detailed evaluation of the inhomogeneity of monthly SST and SSS data from XCS station(1960–2019).Multiple break points in the SST and SSS data series were identified by the penalized maximum t-test(PMT)and penalized maximum F-test(PMF).These inhomogeneous biases were then adjusted by quantile-matching(QM)method.The newly homogenized data were used to estimate the local marine climate changes.Analysis reveals a critical regime shift toward accelerated warming and salinization.The NYS exhibited a multidecadal SST rise of 0.26℃per decade(1960–2019),with a total warming of 0.66℃during 2010s,accompanied by SSS increases of 0.29 per decade over 1960–2019 and a total increase of 0.54 during 2010s,respectively.This acceleration exceeds regional surface temperature rise benchmarks,suggesting amplified thermodynamic feedbacks in semi-enclosed systems.This study provided one of the few continuous,landindependent long-term marine observational records in China.These homogenized datasets provide a solid data foundation for coastal resource management and climate adaptation strategies,supporting science-based decisionmaking for mariculture and ecosystem conservation.
基金FundacióSalut del Consorci Sanitari del MaresmeCentro de Investigación en Red en Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas(CIBERehd),Instituto de Salud CarlosⅢwith grant number(EHD16PI02)+1 种基金Strategic Action on Oropharyngeal Dysphagia,Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias,Instituto de Salud CarlosⅢwith grant number(PI18/00241 and PI22/01101)the Territorial Competitiveness Specialization Project(PECT)of Mataró-Maresme(PRE/161/2019)financed by the Government of Catalunya-Generalitat de Catalunya within the framework of the European Regional Developments Funds of Catalonia Operational Programme 2014–2020。
摘要Introduction:Fluid thickening improves safety of swallow in patients with oropharyngeal dysphagia due to shear,extensional and/or textural properties.We aimed to assess the effect of each of these properties of thickening products on post-stroke patients with oropharyngeal dysphagia.Methods:We studied 4 commercial thickening products:A,modified starch;B and C,xanthan gum,and D,a mixture of the 2 and assessed a)shear viscosity at 25℃and 50 and 300 s~(-1)before and after oral incubation,b)extensional deformation by the time to break up diameter,and c)maximal force,adhesiveness and cohesiveness with a texturometer.Results were correlated with videofluoroscopic studies assessing the effect of these thickening products on 267 patients with post-stroke oropharyngeal dysphagia.Results:1)Oral incubation reduced shear viscosity by over 90%for thickening product A and by 19%??35%for B,C,and D.All products presented shear thinning(50%??76%)in the pharynx.2)Safety of swallow was strongly increased in a shear viscosity-dependent manner(P<0.0001)and,moderately,by increasing maximal force(P<0.0001).Residue was increased at different shear viscosity levels(P<0.05).3)break-up diameter varied greatly between thickening products irrespective of safety/efficacy of swallow;and d)adhesiveness and cohesiveness did not affect safety or efficacy of swallow.Conclusion:Shear viscosity improved safety of swallow in a dose-dependent manner with all thickening products in post-stroke patients with oropharyngeal dysphagia and increased oropharyngeal residue.It was greatly affected by oral amylase in modified starch thickening products.Maximal force also moderately increased safety.In contrast,neither extensional deformation nor adhesiveness or cohesiveness presented any relationship with the therapeutic effect of thickening products in post-stroke patients with oropharyngeal dysphagia.
基金funded by the Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(2024QN04023)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41967009)+1 种基金the Research Program of Science and Technology at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region"The Regulatory Mechanism of Near-Natural Vegetation Restoration on Sediment Carbon Sequestration Effects in Photovoltaic Power Stations in Desert Areas"the Jining Normal University Doctoral Innovation Research Fund(jsbsjj2412).
摘要The formation of desert shrub sand piles(nebkhas)is attributed to the obstruction and subsequent deposition of migrating sand by the shrub itself.However,the relationship between sediment particle size distribution and shrub branch architecture remains inadequately understood.In August 2020,field investigations were conducted on Tetraena mongolica Maxim.shrubs in the Bayan Engger Desert Nature Reserve,located on the Ordos Plateau in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,China.Crown morphological parameters of T.mongolica shrubs and associated nebkhas were systematically measured alongside branch architectures.A one-way analysis of variance(ANOVA)was used to identify differences in branch architectures among various levels,while correlation analysis and model fitting were applied to establish the relationship between crown and nebkha morphological parameters.Path analysis was utilized to identify the key branch architectures that influence crown development.Furthermore,sediment redistribution characteristics of nebkhas were quantified,and principal component analysis combined with regression models was utilized to elucidate the contributions of key branch architectures and sensitive particle size fractions to nebkha deposition.Results indicated that the step-by-step branch ratio(SBR)initially increased from the lower branches to the outermost branches before subsequently decreasing.Additionally,branch angle significantly increased(P<0.0500),whereas both the branch length and the ratio of branch diameters(RBD)significantly decreased toward the exterior of the shrub(P<0.0500).Expansion of crown area significantly enhanced nebkha volume,demonstrating a strong linear relationship(P<0.0010).As the primary contact surface for trapping wind-blown sand,the silhouette area of the shrub initially increased and then decreased from bottom to top.Notably,the silhouette area of the 10-30 cm height layer played a crucial role in promoting nebkha volume expansion(P<0.0100).Path analysis further revealed that the key branch architectures promoting crown area expansion were the step-by-step branch ratio between the third-level and fourth-level branches(SBR3:4),followed by the fourth-level branch length(BLL4),the third-level branch angle(BAL3),and the ratio of branch diameters between the fourth-level and third-level branches(RBD4:3).Under the continuous interception of sediments by branches and leaves,the proportion of surface sediment with a particle size of 100.00-250.00μm reached 51.07%,indicating a significant increase in fine-sized particles.Further analysis confirmed that SBR3:4,BLL4,BAL3,and sediments within the 50.00-100.00μm particle size range were the primary contributors to nebkha deposition.These results demonstrate that the branch characteristics of T.mongolica shrubs near the ground surface promote fine sediment accumulation and nebkha development by regulating crown expansion.The findings reveal the unique adaptation mechanisms of rare and endangered plants in nebkha microhabitats and provide a scientific basis for ecological windbreak and sand-fixation projects in the desert transition zones of arid and semi-arid regions.
基金Supported by Daqing oilfield company Project of PetroCHINA under Grant (dqc-2010-xdgl-ky-002)Key Laboratory of Management, Decision and Information Systems, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing Research Center of Urban System Engineering
摘要We discuss a variant of the multi-task n-vehicle exploration problem. Instead of requiring an optimal permutation of vehicles in every group, the new problem requires all vehicles in a group to arrive at the same destination. Given n tasks with assigned consume-time and profit, it may also be viewed as a maximization of every processor's average profit. Further, we propose a new kind of partition problem in fractional form and analyze its computational complexity. By regarding fractional partition as a special case, we prove that the average profit maximization problem is NP-hard when the number of processors is fixed and it is strongly NP- hard in general. At last, a pseudo-polynomial time algorithm for the average profit maximization problem and the fractional partition problem is presented, using the idea of the pseudo-polynomial time algorithm for the classical partition problem.
基金Shanxi Province Graduate Research Practice Innovation Project,No.2023KY465Project on the Reform of Graduate Education and Teaching in Shanxi Province,No.2021YJJG146+1 种基金Research Project of Shanxi Provincial Cultural Relics Bureau,No.22-8-14-1400-119National Key R&D Program of China,No.2021YFB3901300。
摘要Human activities have significantly impacted the land surface temperature(LST),endangering human health;however,the relationship between these two factors has not been adequately quantified.This study comprehensively constructs a Human Activity Intensity(HAI)index and employs the Maximal Information Coefficient,four-quadrant model,and XGBoostSHAP model to investigate the spatiotemporal relationship and influencing factors of HAI-LST in the Yellow River Basin(YRB)from 2000 to 2020.The results indicated that from 2000 to 2020,as HAI and LST increased,the static HAI-LST relationship in the YRB showed a positive correlation that continued to strengthen.This dynamic relationship exhibited conflicting development,with the proportion of coordinated to conflicting regions shifting from 1:4 to 1:2,indicating a reduction in conflict intensity.Notably,only the degree of conflict in the source area decreased significantly,whereas it intensified in the upper and lower reaches.The key factors influencing the HAI-LST relationship include fractional vegetation cover,slope,precipitation,and evapotranspiration,along with region-specific factors such as PM2.5,biodiversity,and elevation.Based on these findings,region-specific ecological management strategies have been proposed to mitigate conflict-prone areas and alleviate thermal stress,thereby providing important guidance for promoting harmonious development between humans and nature.
基金supported by the NSFC(12461021)supported by the Qingnian project of science and technology research program of Chongqing Education Commission of China(KJQN202201232,KJQN202301224).
摘要Given a measure space with a ball-basis,we introduce a class of global log-Hölder continuity conditions for variable exponent functions,and we show that the Hardy-Littlewood maximal operator is bounded on weighted variable Lebesgue spaces if and only if the weights satisfy the variable Muckenhoupt condition.As an application,in virtue of extrapolation we establish the weighted norm inequalities for a class of bounded oscillation operators on these variable Lebesgue spaces.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12071092)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(Grant No.2025A1515012072)+1 种基金the Natural Science Research Project of Anhui Educational Committee(Grant No.2024AH051298)the Scientific Research Foundation of Bozhou University(Grant No.BYKQ202419).
摘要Let G be a finite group and H a subgroup of G.The normal index of H in G is defined as the order of K/HG,where K is a normal supplement of H in G such that|K|is minimal and HG≤K■G.Let p be a prime which divides the order of a group G.In this paper,some characterizations of G being p-solvable or p-supersolvable were obtained by analyzing the normal index of certain subgroups of G.These results can be viewed as local version of recent results in the literature.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2022ZD0119604)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(62222308,62173181,62221004)the Basic Program of Jiangsu(BK20253024)。
摘要Dear Editor,This letter deals with incentive design problem for noncooperative dynamical systems to achieve social welfare maximization with uncertain types of mixed dynamics.The agents are allowed to liberally choose either the pseudo-gradient or best-response dynamics for continuous-time decision-making.
基金Supported by NSF of China(12061011)NSF of Guangxi(2023GXN-SFAA026333)。
摘要This paper investigates the in uence of local SS-quasinormal maximal subgroups of Sylow subgroups on the structure of nite groups.We present several new criteria on p-nilpotency of nite groups by utilizing a small quantity of local SS-quasinormal maximal subgroups of Sylow p-subgroups.As applications,we obtain some sucient conditions for a nite group to be in a saturated formation containing the class of supersolvable groups.