This paper presents a review on some developments of numerical methods for linear and nonlinear fluid-solid interaction (FSI) problems with their applications in engineering. The discussion covers the four types of ...This paper presents a review on some developments of numerical methods for linear and nonlinear fluid-solid interaction (FSI) problems with their applications in engineering. The discussion covers the four types of numerical methods: (1) mixed finite element (FE)-substructure-subdomain model to deal with linear FSI in a finite domain, such as sloshing, acoustic-structure interac- tions, pressure waves in fluids, earthquake responses of chemical vessels, dam-water couplings, etc.; (2) mixed FE-boundary element (BE) model to solve linear FSI with infinite domains, for example, very large floating structure (VLFS) subject to airplane landing impacts, ship dynamic response caused by cannon/missile fire im- pacts, etc.; (3) mixed FE-finite difference (FD)/volume (FV) model for nonlinear FSI problems with no separations between fluids and solids and breaking waves; (4) mixed FE-smooth particle (SP) method to simulate nonlinear FSI problems with F-S separations as well as breaking waves. Based on available fluid and solid codes, the partitioned iteration approach is suggested to separately solve their gov-erning equations in a time step, and then through reaching its convergence in coupling iteration to forward until the problem solved. The selected application examples include air-liquid-shell three phases interactions, liquefield natural gas (LNG) ship-water sloshing; acoustic analysis of air-building interaction system excited by human foot impacts; transient dynamic response of an airplane-VLFS- water interaction system excited by airplane landing impacts; turbulence flow- body interactions; structure dropping down on the water surface with breaking waves, etc. The numerical results are compared with the available experiment or numerical data to demonstrate the accuracy of the discussed approaches and their values for engineering applications. Based on FSI analysis, linear and nonlinear wave energy harvesting devices are listed to use the resonance in a linear system and the periodical solution in a nonlinear system, such as flutter, to effectively harvest wave energy. There are 231 references in the paper, which provides useful resources for readers to further investigate their interesting approaches.展开更多
A method-mix for intercultural user interface design (IUID) is explained and exemplified by application examples based on a hybrid approach covering cultural contexts in human-computer interaction (HCI) design using a...A method-mix for intercultural user interface design (IUID) is explained and exemplified by application examples based on a hybrid approach covering cultural contexts in human-computer interaction (HCI) design using a model of culturally influenced HCI. Cultural influence on HCI is described using cultural variables for user interface design. Assumptions and empirical results regarding the influence of culture on HCI, considering the path of the information processing and the interaction style between Chinese and German users are explained based on cultural models. Subsequent indicators represent the relationship between culture and HCI (culturally imprinted by the user). Correlations adopted theoretically between cultural dimensions and variables for HCI design were investigated. These correlations represent relevant constituents of a model for culturally influenced HCI. Considerations applying this model and evidence for the proper application of the IUID method-mix are presented elucidating why and how cultural aspects play a role in HCI design and usability/UX engineering. The IUID method-mix serves to inspire HCI engineers in the requirement analysis phase as well as HCI designers in the design phase. The readers are thereby sensitized to the challenges of intercultural usability/UX engineering and intercultural HCI design and will be equipped with methodological knowledge relevant to the derivation of design recommendations for user interface design for and in their desired cultural contexts. Finally, implications for practitioners are shown, including HCI style scores and practical design recommendations, to prognosticate the effort and the expenditures for considering the cultural context in IUID.展开更多
In recent years,meshless methods have been increasingly applied to the simulation of various engineering problems due to their inherent advantages over traditional mesh-based approaches,including greater flexibility,i...In recent years,meshless methods have been increasingly applied to the simulation of various engineering problems due to their inherent advantages over traditional mesh-based approaches,including greater flexibility,independence from predefined meshing,simpler adaptive analysis,improved automation,and suitability for complex problems.Several meshless methods have been used for porous media simulation,and are broadly categorized into collocation,global weak form and local weak form methods.In this study,a comprehensive comparison of the applicability of these three categories of meshless methods for simulating coupled flow and transport problems in porous media is presented.The Radial Point Collocation Method(RPCM)(strong form),the Element Free Galerkin Method(EFGM)(global weak form)and the Meshless Local Petrov Galerkin(MLPG)method(local weak form)are implemented and systematically compared.These methods are applied to the analysis of flow in a synthetic regular domain aquifer,flow and non-reactive contaminant transport in a synthetic irregular boundary porous media problem and groundwater flow in a field aquifer located in India.The simulated groundwater heads are compared with analytical solution,observed field data and results obtained from widely used MODFLOW-MT3DMS models.The deviation of the solutions from the analytical solution is in the range of O.67%to O.l6%for the hypothetical case study.For the field-scale case study,mean absolute error of 0.183%,0.18l%and 0.188%are obtained for the RPCM,EFGM and MLPG models,respectively,outperforming MODFLOW,which exhibits a deviation of 0.254%from observed values.Overall,the present study reaffirms the practical applicability of these meshless methods for real-world groundwater problems and provides valuable insights into the utilization of each category of meshless method,with respect to problem type,computational efficiency and accuracy requirements.展开更多
To promote the technology of person re-identification(Re-ID)in intelligent video analysis,a new segmentation method of keypoint-based dynamic region partitioning(KDRP)and an improved adaptive average pooling layer lis...To promote the technology of person re-identification(Re-ID)in intelligent video analysis,a new segmentation method of keypoint-based dynamic region partitioning(KDRP)and an improved adaptive average pooling layer list network(APLNet)are proposed in this work.The KDRP addresses the limitations of traditional stripe segmentation methods avoiding the influence of shooting angles and pedestrian postures.The APLNet integrates the adaptive average pooling layer list(AAPLL)module and the priority circle loss(P-circle loss)to solve the problem of inconsistent size of feature map and promote the model performance respectively.Experimental results on different datasets have validated the effectiveness of the proposed method.展开更多
Although conventional coal mine designs are conservative regarding pillar strength,local failures such as roof-falls and pillar bursts still affect mine safety and operations.Previous studies have identified that disc...Although conventional coal mine designs are conservative regarding pillar strength,local failures such as roof-falls and pillar bursts still affect mine safety and operations.Previous studies have identified that discontinuous,layered roof materials have some self-supporting capacity.This research is a preliminary step towards understanding these mechanics in coal-measure rocks.Although others have considered broad conceptual models and simplified analogs for mine roof behavior,this study presents a unique numerical model that more completely represents in-situ roof conditions.The discrete element method(DEM)is utilized to conduct a parametric analysis considering a range of in-situ stress ratios,material properties,and joint networks to determine the parameters controlling the stability of single-entries modeled in two-dimensions.Model results are compared to empirical observations of roof-support effectiveness(ARBS)in the context of the coal mine roof rating(CMRR)system.Results such as immediate roof displacement,overall stability,and statistical relationships between model parameters and outcomes are presented herein.Potential practical applications of this line of research include:(1)roof-support optimization for a range of coal-measure rocks,(2)establishment of a relationship between roof stability and pillar stress,and(3)determination of which parameters are most critical to roof stability and therefore require concentrated evaluation.展开更多
This study presents an effective hybrid simulation approach for simulating broadband ground motion in complex near-fault locations.The approach utilizes a deterministic approach based on the spectral element method(SE...This study presents an effective hybrid simulation approach for simulating broadband ground motion in complex near-fault locations.The approach utilizes a deterministic approach based on the spectral element method(SEM),which is used to simulate low-frequency ground motion(f1 Hz).A fourth-order Butterworth filter with zero phase shift is employed for time-domain filtering of low-and high-frequency time series at a crossover frequency of 1 Hz,merging the low and high-frequency ground motions into a broadband time series.Taking an Ms 6.8 Luding earthquake,as an example,this hybrid method was used for a rapid and efficient simulation analysis of broadband ground motion in the region.The accuracy and efficiency of this hybrid method were verified through comparisons with actually observed station data and empirical attenuation curves.Deterministic method simulation results revealed the effects of mountainous topography,basin effects,nonlinear effects within the basin’s sedimentary layers,and a coupling interaction between the basin and the mountains.The findings are consistent with similar studies,showing that near-fault sedimentary basins significantly focus and amplify strong ground motion,and the soil’s nonlinear behavior in the basin influences ground motion to varying extents at different distances from the fault.The mountainous topography impacts the basin’s response to ground motion,leading to barrier effects.This research provides a scientific foundation for seismic zoning,urban planning,and seismic design in nearfault mountain basin regions.展开更多
In this paper, Laplace decomposition method (LDM) and Pade approximant are employed to find approximate solutions for the Whitham-Broer-Kaup shallow water model, the coupled nonlinear reaction diffusion equations and ...In this paper, Laplace decomposition method (LDM) and Pade approximant are employed to find approximate solutions for the Whitham-Broer-Kaup shallow water model, the coupled nonlinear reaction diffusion equations and the system of Hirota-Satsuma coupled KdV. In addition, the results obtained from Laplace decomposition method (LDM) and Pade approximant are compared with corresponding exact analytical solutions.展开更多
A kinetic study of biogas production from Urban Solid Waste (USW) generated in Dar es Salaam city (Tanzania) is presented. An experimental bioreactor simulating mesophilic conditions of most USW landfills was develope...A kinetic study of biogas production from Urban Solid Waste (USW) generated in Dar es Salaam city (Tanzania) is presented. An experimental bioreactor simulating mesophilic conditions of most USW landfills was developed. The goal of the study was to generate the kinetic order of reaction with respect to biodegradable organic waste and use it to model biogas production from food residues mixed with fruit waste. Anaerobic biodegradation was employed under temperature range of 28℃ - 38℃. The main controls were leachate recirculation and pH adjustments to minimize acid inhibitory effects and accelerate waste biodegradation. The experimental setup comprised of three sets of bioreactors. A biodegradation rate law in differential form was proposed and the numerical values of kinetic order and rate constant were determined using initial rate method as 0.994 and 0.3093 mol0.006·day-1, respectively. Results obtained were consistent with that found in literature and model predictions were in reasonable agreement with experimental data.展开更多
The element-free Galerkin(EFG)method,which constructs shape functions via moving least squares(MLS)approximation,represents a fundamental and widely studied meshless method in numerical computation.Although it achieve...The element-free Galerkin(EFG)method,which constructs shape functions via moving least squares(MLS)approximation,represents a fundamental and widely studied meshless method in numerical computation.Although it achieves high computational accuracy,the shape functions are more complex than those in the conventional finite element method(FEM),resulting in great computational requirements.Therefore,improving the computational efficiency of the EFG method represents an important research direction.This paper systematically reviews significant contributions fromdomestic and international scholars in advancing the EFGmethod.Including the improved element-free Galerkin(IEFG)method,various interpolating EFG methods,four distinct complex variable EFG methods,and a series of dimension splitting meshless methods.In the numerical examples,the effectiveness and efficiency of the three methods are validated by analyzing the solutions of the IEFG method for 3D steadystate anisotropic heat conduction,3D elastoplasticity,and large deformation problems,as well as the performance of two-dimensional splitting meshless methods in solving the 3D Helmholtz equation.展开更多
This article develops the primal hybrid finite element method with Lagrange multipliers to approximate nonlinear parabolic initial-boundary value problems with gradient type non-linearity.A modified elliptic projectio...This article develops the primal hybrid finite element method with Lagrange multipliers to approximate nonlinear parabolic initial-boundary value problems with gradient type non-linearity.A modified elliptic projection is used to produce optimal order error estimates for the semi-discrete and backward Euler-based complete discrete schemes.In addition,error estimates in L∞-norm are established which are optimal in nature.Superconvergence result of the gradient in L∞-norm is discussed for the error between the primal hybrid solution and elliptic projection.As a bi-product,the proposed analysis provides optimal error analysis for non-conforming CR-elements.Finally,numerical tests are performed to validate the theoretical findings.展开更多
In this work, the exp(-φ (ξ )) -expansion method is used for the first time to investigate the exact traveling wave solutions involving parameters of nonlinear evolution equations. When these parameters are taken to...In this work, the exp(-φ (ξ )) -expansion method is used for the first time to investigate the exact traveling wave solutions involving parameters of nonlinear evolution equations. When these parameters are taken to be special values, the solitary wave solutions are derived from the exact traveling wave solutions. The validity and reliability of the method are tested by its applications to Nano-ionic solitons wave’s propagation along microtubules in living cells and Nano-ionic currents of MTs which play an important role in biology.展开更多
Theoretical and computational chemistry has profoundly impacted a wide range of disciplines,from chemistry and physics to biology and materials science.In recent years,remarkable advances in electronic structure theor...Theoretical and computational chemistry has profoundly impacted a wide range of disciplines,from chemistry and physics to biology and materials science.In recent years,remarkable advances in electronic structure theory,molecular dynamics,and machine learning methods——coupled with increasingly powerful algorithms and software—have equipped chemists with an unprecedented arsenal of tools to tackle complex chemical problems.展开更多
During the operation of the drilling cuttings method,frequent occurrences of suction and sticking phenomena lead to the loss of drilling tools and failure to achieve the designed borehole depth.resulting in inaccurate...During the operation of the drilling cuttings method,frequent occurrences of suction and sticking phenomena lead to the loss of drilling tools and failure to achieve the designed borehole depth.resulting in inaccurate risk assessment for coal seam rockbursts.To address these challenges,a mechanical analysis of cuttings transport via the spiral drill pipe was conducted.This analysis identified the primary factors contributing to suction and sticking phenomena in spiral drill pipes and proposed a targeted approach for mitigating these issues.Based on this analysis,an intelligent drilling cuttings method drill rig(IDCMDR)was developed,and field experiments were conducted.The experimental results demonstrate that when suction occurs,adjusting the rotational and drilling speeds of the IDCMDR effectively controls the phenomenon.When sticking occurs,the stuck drill pipe can be addressed by injecting high-pressure gas into the borehole bottom through the hollow structure of the spiral drill pipe or by reversing its rotation.During operation,characteristic patterns in the needle movements of the thrust and torque hydraulic gauges on the IDCMDR enable the identification of suction and sticking phenomena.The development and field validation of the IDCMDR confirm the feasibility of the theoretically proposed mitigation methods.展开更多
Permeability is a key parameter to describe fluid transport properties of porous medium; however, the permeability measurement is extremely difficult for tight porous medium, e.g. fine-grained rock or dense soil. In t...Permeability is a key parameter to describe fluid transport properties of porous medium; however, the permeability measurement is extremely difficult for tight porous medium, e.g. fine-grained rock or dense soil. In this paper, three methods for gas permeability measurement, i.e. steady state method, pulse decay method(PDM) and pressure oscillation method(POM), are first reviewed and then their advantages and drawbacks are discussed. Both analytical and numerical solutions of gas permeability are presented for the tight porous medium. The results show that the analytical method is relatively simple but only valid under certain conditions, whilst the numerical method is more robust and generic, which can take into account several factors such as porosity, saturation, gas leakage, and unconventional boundary conditions. The influence of the effective porosity on the permeability determination is further analyzed using the proposed numerical method. In this study, new pressure data interpretation procedures for PDM and POM are proposed, and the obtained results can serve as a guidance to define a proper method for permeability measurement of the tight porous medium.展开更多
Introduction: The MNRI (Masgutova Neurosensorimotor Reflex Integration) method was developed in 1989 in Russia and has spread world-wide to treat individuals with certain types reflex development deficits, behavior di...Introduction: The MNRI (Masgutova Neurosensorimotor Reflex Integration) method was developed in 1989 in Russia and has spread world-wide to treat individuals with certain types reflex development deficits, behavior disorders, disorders of speech or language development, and learning disabilities. MNRI is based on techniques called “repatterning” or remodulation, meaning re-education, recoding the reflex nerve pathways specific for dynamic and postural reflex schemes. Objectives: Repatterning activates the extra pyramidal nervous system responsible for automatic mechanisms and processes, the extension of links between neurons, the growth of neural nets, myelination, and the creation of new nerve routing. This potential result was tested utilizing urinary measurements of the following neurotransmitters: epinephrine, norepinephrine, dopamine, DOPAC, serotonin, 5-HIAA, glycine, taurine, GABA, glutamate, PEA, and histamine. Methods: Neurological impact of the Masgutova Neurosensorimotor Reflex Method on the magnitude of changes in neurotransmitters was assessed by an external controlled and double-blind method using patients from one of the four diagnosis groups: 1) global developmental disorders;2) cerebral palsy, Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI), Acute Brain Injury (ABI), and seizures;3) ADD/ADHD;and 4) anxiety disorders. Results: The post-MNRI results in participants show a tendency for regulation of the above neurotransmitters resulting in their calming down, decrease of hypervigilance, stress resilience increase, improvements in behavioral and emotional regulation, positive emotions, and cognitive processes control. Conclusion: The application of the Masgutova Neurosensorimotor Reflex Method as a therapy modality offers a novelty paradigm for the treatment using neuro- and immune-modulation technologies presenting a non-pharmaceutical approach, based on use of neurosensorimotor reflex circuit concept.展开更多
We introduce the DARE-Q(Distribution-Aware Residual Entropy Quantization)method—a post-training quantization method for neural network weights designed to reduce bit-width with minimal degradation of model quality.Un...We introduce the DARE-Q(Distribution-Aware Residual Entropy Quantization)method—a post-training quantization method for neural network weights designed to reduce bit-width with minimal degradation of model quality.Unlike traditional approaches that solely optimize the mean squared error of weight approximation,DARE-Q additionally considers the entropy of the quantization residual,allowing for control over the statistical properties of the resulting error.The method is based on channel-wise symmetric uniform quantization with scaling based on a combined loss function that includes L2 distortion and entropy regularization.The DARE-Q method is implemented as a compact DAREQuantLinear module which can be easily integrated into standard transformer pipelines without changing the inference logic or using specific kernels.The experimental analysis was conducted on the language models facebook/opt-125m and facebook/opt-350m,which contain approximately 125 and 350 million parameters.The quality of the models was assessed using the standard perplexity metric(PPL)computed on the wikitext-2-raw-v1 dataset.DARE-Q is completely data-free and does not require model retraining or calibration data,which makes it the only viable option in privacy-sensitive or confidential environments where access to the original training data is restricted—precisely the setting where methods such as GPTQ and AWQ cannot be applied.The observed increase in PPL relative to data-dependent baselines reflects this fundamental trade-off rather than a shortcoming of the approach.By leveraging per-channel scale selection and a combined loss function,DARE-Q provides a flexible trade-off between approximation accuracy and quantization error structure,creating an attractive algorithmic basis for further improvement of model compression methods.展开更多
Conventional methods for quantifying thermoelectric anisotropy rely on precisely aligned crystals,which are time-consuming and error-prone.To address this,we propose a tensor inversion method integrating transport mea...Conventional methods for quantifying thermoelectric anisotropy rely on precisely aligned crystals,which are time-consuming and error-prone.To address this,we propose a tensor inversion method integrating transport measurements with EBSD-derived Euler angles to determine the intrinsic tensors of as-grown bismuth crystals.This method reconstructs the full second-rank thermoelectric tensors—including electrical resistivity,thermal conductivity,and the Seebeck coefficient—by transforming transport data between the sample coordinate system and the crystal coordinate system.The inverted tensor components of pure bismuth show excellent agreement with reported principal-axis values,validating the accuracy of this method.Moreover,the reversibility of the tensor inversion approach allows for complete visualization of the directional dependence of the thermoelectric figure of merit(zT),revealing its full angular and crystallographic orientation distribution for the first time.This bidirectional framework not only provides a convenient pathway for the reconstruction of intrinsic transport tensors but also enables the prediction of orientation-dependent properties,thereby offering a robust tool for analyzing anisotropic transport behavior and guiding the optimization of thermoelectric performance.展开更多
The precise modeling of strong nonlinear transient evolution in nonlinear dynamical systems,including soliton evolution,remains a long-term challenge.Deep learning models with powerful nonlinear fitting capabilities h...The precise modeling of strong nonlinear transient evolution in nonlinear dynamical systems,including soliton evolution,remains a long-term challenge.Deep learning models with powerful nonlinear fitting capabilities have become efficient tools for physical system modeling.However,existing initialization methods rely on statistical distribution assumptions and lack constraints from physical mechanisms,which easily lead to suboptimal solutions and severely limit model prediction accuracy and generalization.Based on the energy minimization principle of physical systems,this work proposes energy-based initialization(EBI).This method requires only prior structural knowledge of the physical system as input,without experimental data or architecture customization,to guide initial weights to align with the intrinsic dynamical structure of physical systems.The work further derives an upper bound on the distance between EBI initial weights and optimal weights for downstream tasks,and proves that its performance advantage increases monotonically with the expansion of model parameter scale.Validation across four typical physical scenarios shows that EBI outperforms classical initialization schemes across all metrics,while initialization for a model with 4.7 million parameters takes less than 5 minutes.This work fills the gap of specialized initialization methods in AI for physics,provides efficient support for tasks such as transient prediction of optical fiber laser and inverse sensing of laser structures,and is expected to open new directions for interdisciplinary research between artificial intelligence and physics.展开更多
摘要This paper presents a review on some developments of numerical methods for linear and nonlinear fluid-solid interaction (FSI) problems with their applications in engineering. The discussion covers the four types of numerical methods: (1) mixed finite element (FE)-substructure-subdomain model to deal with linear FSI in a finite domain, such as sloshing, acoustic-structure interac- tions, pressure waves in fluids, earthquake responses of chemical vessels, dam-water couplings, etc.; (2) mixed FE-boundary element (BE) model to solve linear FSI with infinite domains, for example, very large floating structure (VLFS) subject to airplane landing impacts, ship dynamic response caused by cannon/missile fire im- pacts, etc.; (3) mixed FE-finite difference (FD)/volume (FV) model for nonlinear FSI problems with no separations between fluids and solids and breaking waves; (4) mixed FE-smooth particle (SP) method to simulate nonlinear FSI problems with F-S separations as well as breaking waves. Based on available fluid and solid codes, the partitioned iteration approach is suggested to separately solve their gov-erning equations in a time step, and then through reaching its convergence in coupling iteration to forward until the problem solved. The selected application examples include air-liquid-shell three phases interactions, liquefield natural gas (LNG) ship-water sloshing; acoustic analysis of air-building interaction system excited by human foot impacts; transient dynamic response of an airplane-VLFS- water interaction system excited by airplane landing impacts; turbulence flow- body interactions; structure dropping down on the water surface with breaking waves, etc. The numerical results are compared with the available experiment or numerical data to demonstrate the accuracy of the discussed approaches and their values for engineering applications. Based on FSI analysis, linear and nonlinear wave energy harvesting devices are listed to use the resonance in a linear system and the periodical solution in a nonlinear system, such as flutter, to effectively harvest wave energy. There are 231 references in the paper, which provides useful resources for readers to further investigate their interesting approaches.
摘要A method-mix for intercultural user interface design (IUID) is explained and exemplified by application examples based on a hybrid approach covering cultural contexts in human-computer interaction (HCI) design using a model of culturally influenced HCI. Cultural influence on HCI is described using cultural variables for user interface design. Assumptions and empirical results regarding the influence of culture on HCI, considering the path of the information processing and the interaction style between Chinese and German users are explained based on cultural models. Subsequent indicators represent the relationship between culture and HCI (culturally imprinted by the user). Correlations adopted theoretically between cultural dimensions and variables for HCI design were investigated. These correlations represent relevant constituents of a model for culturally influenced HCI. Considerations applying this model and evidence for the proper application of the IUID method-mix are presented elucidating why and how cultural aspects play a role in HCI design and usability/UX engineering. The IUID method-mix serves to inspire HCI engineers in the requirement analysis phase as well as HCI designers in the design phase. The readers are thereby sensitized to the challenges of intercultural usability/UX engineering and intercultural HCI design and will be equipped with methodological knowledge relevant to the derivation of design recommendations for user interface design for and in their desired cultural contexts. Finally, implications for practitioners are shown, including HCI style scores and practical design recommendations, to prognosticate the effort and the expenditures for considering the cultural context in IUID.
摘要In recent years,meshless methods have been increasingly applied to the simulation of various engineering problems due to their inherent advantages over traditional mesh-based approaches,including greater flexibility,independence from predefined meshing,simpler adaptive analysis,improved automation,and suitability for complex problems.Several meshless methods have been used for porous media simulation,and are broadly categorized into collocation,global weak form and local weak form methods.In this study,a comprehensive comparison of the applicability of these three categories of meshless methods for simulating coupled flow and transport problems in porous media is presented.The Radial Point Collocation Method(RPCM)(strong form),the Element Free Galerkin Method(EFGM)(global weak form)and the Meshless Local Petrov Galerkin(MLPG)method(local weak form)are implemented and systematically compared.These methods are applied to the analysis of flow in a synthetic regular domain aquifer,flow and non-reactive contaminant transport in a synthetic irregular boundary porous media problem and groundwater flow in a field aquifer located in India.The simulated groundwater heads are compared with analytical solution,observed field data and results obtained from widely used MODFLOW-MT3DMS models.The deviation of the solutions from the analytical solution is in the range of O.67%to O.l6%for the hypothetical case study.For the field-scale case study,mean absolute error of 0.183%,0.18l%and 0.188%are obtained for the RPCM,EFGM and MLPG models,respectively,outperforming MODFLOW,which exhibits a deviation of 0.254%from observed values.Overall,the present study reaffirms the practical applicability of these meshless methods for real-world groundwater problems and provides valuable insights into the utilization of each category of meshless method,with respect to problem type,computational efficiency and accuracy requirements.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62473283)in part by the Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin(No.25JCZDJC00100).
摘要To promote the technology of person re-identification(Re-ID)in intelligent video analysis,a new segmentation method of keypoint-based dynamic region partitioning(KDRP)and an improved adaptive average pooling layer list network(APLNet)are proposed in this work.The KDRP addresses the limitations of traditional stripe segmentation methods avoiding the influence of shooting angles and pedestrian postures.The APLNet integrates the adaptive average pooling layer list(AAPLL)module and the priority circle loss(P-circle loss)to solve the problem of inconsistent size of feature map and promote the model performance respectively.Experimental results on different datasets have validated the effectiveness of the proposed method.
基金sponsored by the Alpha Foundation for the Improvement of Mine Safety and Health, Inc. (Alpha Foundation)the funding provided for this project by the Alpha Foundationpartially funded by the National Institute of Occupational Health and Science (NIOSH) under Grant Number 200-2016-90154.
摘要Although conventional coal mine designs are conservative regarding pillar strength,local failures such as roof-falls and pillar bursts still affect mine safety and operations.Previous studies have identified that discontinuous,layered roof materials have some self-supporting capacity.This research is a preliminary step towards understanding these mechanics in coal-measure rocks.Although others have considered broad conceptual models and simplified analogs for mine roof behavior,this study presents a unique numerical model that more completely represents in-situ roof conditions.The discrete element method(DEM)is utilized to conduct a parametric analysis considering a range of in-situ stress ratios,material properties,and joint networks to determine the parameters controlling the stability of single-entries modeled in two-dimensions.Model results are compared to empirical observations of roof-support effectiveness(ARBS)in the context of the coal mine roof rating(CMRR)system.Results such as immediate roof displacement,overall stability,and statistical relationships between model parameters and outcomes are presented herein.Potential practical applications of this line of research include:(1)roof-support optimization for a range of coal-measure rocks,(2)establishment of a relationship between roof stability and pillar stress,and(3)determination of which parameters are most critical to roof stability and therefore require concentrated evaluation.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.U2139208 and 52278516Key Laboratory of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,China Earthquake Administration under Grant No.2024D15Key Laboratory of Soft Soil Characteristic and Engineering Environment,Tianjin Chengjian University under Grant No.2022SCEEKL003。
摘要This study presents an effective hybrid simulation approach for simulating broadband ground motion in complex near-fault locations.The approach utilizes a deterministic approach based on the spectral element method(SEM),which is used to simulate low-frequency ground motion(f1 Hz).A fourth-order Butterworth filter with zero phase shift is employed for time-domain filtering of low-and high-frequency time series at a crossover frequency of 1 Hz,merging the low and high-frequency ground motions into a broadband time series.Taking an Ms 6.8 Luding earthquake,as an example,this hybrid method was used for a rapid and efficient simulation analysis of broadband ground motion in the region.The accuracy and efficiency of this hybrid method were verified through comparisons with actually observed station data and empirical attenuation curves.Deterministic method simulation results revealed the effects of mountainous topography,basin effects,nonlinear effects within the basin’s sedimentary layers,and a coupling interaction between the basin and the mountains.The findings are consistent with similar studies,showing that near-fault sedimentary basins significantly focus and amplify strong ground motion,and the soil’s nonlinear behavior in the basin influences ground motion to varying extents at different distances from the fault.The mountainous topography impacts the basin’s response to ground motion,leading to barrier effects.This research provides a scientific foundation for seismic zoning,urban planning,and seismic design in nearfault mountain basin regions.
摘要In this paper, Laplace decomposition method (LDM) and Pade approximant are employed to find approximate solutions for the Whitham-Broer-Kaup shallow water model, the coupled nonlinear reaction diffusion equations and the system of Hirota-Satsuma coupled KdV. In addition, the results obtained from Laplace decomposition method (LDM) and Pade approximant are compared with corresponding exact analytical solutions.
摘要A kinetic study of biogas production from Urban Solid Waste (USW) generated in Dar es Salaam city (Tanzania) is presented. An experimental bioreactor simulating mesophilic conditions of most USW landfills was developed. The goal of the study was to generate the kinetic order of reaction with respect to biodegradable organic waste and use it to model biogas production from food residues mixed with fruit waste. Anaerobic biodegradation was employed under temperature range of 28℃ - 38℃. The main controls were leachate recirculation and pH adjustments to minimize acid inhibitory effects and accelerate waste biodegradation. The experimental setup comprised of three sets of bioreactors. A biodegradation rate law in differential form was proposed and the numerical values of kinetic order and rate constant were determined using initial rate method as 0.994 and 0.3093 mol0.006·day-1, respectively. Results obtained were consistent with that found in literature and model predictions were in reasonable agreement with experimental data.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12271341).
摘要The element-free Galerkin(EFG)method,which constructs shape functions via moving least squares(MLS)approximation,represents a fundamental and widely studied meshless method in numerical computation.Although it achieves high computational accuracy,the shape functions are more complex than those in the conventional finite element method(FEM),resulting in great computational requirements.Therefore,improving the computational efficiency of the EFG method represents an important research direction.This paper systematically reviews significant contributions fromdomestic and international scholars in advancing the EFGmethod.Including the improved element-free Galerkin(IEFG)method,various interpolating EFG methods,four distinct complex variable EFG methods,and a series of dimension splitting meshless methods.In the numerical examples,the effectiveness and efficiency of the three methods are validated by analyzing the solutions of the IEFG method for 3D steadystate anisotropic heat conduction,3D elastoplasticity,and large deformation problems,as well as the performance of two-dimensional splitting meshless methods in solving the 3D Helmholtz equation.
基金support provided by the DST-FIST program(Govt.of India)for setting up the computinglab facility called Center for Mathematical&Financial Computing(C-MFC)at the LNM Institute of Information Technology under the scheme"Fund for Improvement of Science and Technology"(FIST-No.SR/FST/MS-I/2018/24).
摘要This article develops the primal hybrid finite element method with Lagrange multipliers to approximate nonlinear parabolic initial-boundary value problems with gradient type non-linearity.A modified elliptic projection is used to produce optimal order error estimates for the semi-discrete and backward Euler-based complete discrete schemes.In addition,error estimates in L∞-norm are established which are optimal in nature.Superconvergence result of the gradient in L∞-norm is discussed for the error between the primal hybrid solution and elliptic projection.As a bi-product,the proposed analysis provides optimal error analysis for non-conforming CR-elements.Finally,numerical tests are performed to validate the theoretical findings.
摘要In this work, the exp(-φ (ξ )) -expansion method is used for the first time to investigate the exact traveling wave solutions involving parameters of nonlinear evolution equations. When these parameters are taken to be special values, the solitary wave solutions are derived from the exact traveling wave solutions. The validity and reliability of the method are tested by its applications to Nano-ionic solitons wave’s propagation along microtubules in living cells and Nano-ionic currents of MTs which play an important role in biology.
摘要Theoretical and computational chemistry has profoundly impacted a wide range of disciplines,from chemistry and physics to biology and materials science.In recent years,remarkable advances in electronic structure theory,molecular dynamics,and machine learning methods——coupled with increasingly powerful algorithms and software—have equipped chemists with an unprecedented arsenal of tools to tackle complex chemical problems.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFC3004605)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52374201)+1 种基金the Open Fund of the State Key Laboratory of Coalburst Theory and Prevention Technology National Mine Safety Administration(Preparatory)(No.KFJJ-2025-0024)the Young Scientists Fund of Liaoning Province(B Class)(No.2026JH6/101000017).
摘要During the operation of the drilling cuttings method,frequent occurrences of suction and sticking phenomena lead to the loss of drilling tools and failure to achieve the designed borehole depth.resulting in inaccurate risk assessment for coal seam rockbursts.To address these challenges,a mechanical analysis of cuttings transport via the spiral drill pipe was conducted.This analysis identified the primary factors contributing to suction and sticking phenomena in spiral drill pipes and proposed a targeted approach for mitigating these issues.Based on this analysis,an intelligent drilling cuttings method drill rig(IDCMDR)was developed,and field experiments were conducted.The experimental results demonstrate that when suction occurs,adjusting the rotational and drilling speeds of the IDCMDR effectively controls the phenomenon.When sticking occurs,the stuck drill pipe can be addressed by injecting high-pressure gas into the borehole bottom through the hollow structure of the spiral drill pipe or by reversing its rotation.During operation,characteristic patterns in the needle movements of the thrust and torque hydraulic gauges on the IDCMDR enable the identification of suction and sticking phenomena.The development and field validation of the IDCMDR confirm the feasibility of the theoretically proposed mitigation methods.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 41572290, 51479190 and 51879260)the Chinese Fundamental Research (973) Program (Grant No. 2015CB057906)Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 2018CFA012)
摘要Permeability is a key parameter to describe fluid transport properties of porous medium; however, the permeability measurement is extremely difficult for tight porous medium, e.g. fine-grained rock or dense soil. In this paper, three methods for gas permeability measurement, i.e. steady state method, pulse decay method(PDM) and pressure oscillation method(POM), are first reviewed and then their advantages and drawbacks are discussed. Both analytical and numerical solutions of gas permeability are presented for the tight porous medium. The results show that the analytical method is relatively simple but only valid under certain conditions, whilst the numerical method is more robust and generic, which can take into account several factors such as porosity, saturation, gas leakage, and unconventional boundary conditions. The influence of the effective porosity on the permeability determination is further analyzed using the proposed numerical method. In this study, new pressure data interpretation procedures for PDM and POM are proposed, and the obtained results can serve as a guidance to define a proper method for permeability measurement of the tight porous medium.
摘要Introduction: The MNRI (Masgutova Neurosensorimotor Reflex Integration) method was developed in 1989 in Russia and has spread world-wide to treat individuals with certain types reflex development deficits, behavior disorders, disorders of speech or language development, and learning disabilities. MNRI is based on techniques called “repatterning” or remodulation, meaning re-education, recoding the reflex nerve pathways specific for dynamic and postural reflex schemes. Objectives: Repatterning activates the extra pyramidal nervous system responsible for automatic mechanisms and processes, the extension of links between neurons, the growth of neural nets, myelination, and the creation of new nerve routing. This potential result was tested utilizing urinary measurements of the following neurotransmitters: epinephrine, norepinephrine, dopamine, DOPAC, serotonin, 5-HIAA, glycine, taurine, GABA, glutamate, PEA, and histamine. Methods: Neurological impact of the Masgutova Neurosensorimotor Reflex Method on the magnitude of changes in neurotransmitters was assessed by an external controlled and double-blind method using patients from one of the four diagnosis groups: 1) global developmental disorders;2) cerebral palsy, Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI), Acute Brain Injury (ABI), and seizures;3) ADD/ADHD;and 4) anxiety disorders. Results: The post-MNRI results in participants show a tendency for regulation of the above neurotransmitters resulting in their calming down, decrease of hypervigilance, stress resilience increase, improvements in behavioral and emotional regulation, positive emotions, and cognitive processes control. Conclusion: The application of the Masgutova Neurosensorimotor Reflex Method as a therapy modality offers a novelty paradigm for the treatment using neuro- and immune-modulation technologies presenting a non-pharmaceutical approach, based on use of neurosensorimotor reflex circuit concept.
基金supported by grant No.25-71-10012 from the Russian Science Foundation,http://gffzz5363282ec1d94f2ds99kb09kpkwbw6x6b.ffgz.tsg.suse.edu.cn/project/25-71-10012/.
摘要We introduce the DARE-Q(Distribution-Aware Residual Entropy Quantization)method—a post-training quantization method for neural network weights designed to reduce bit-width with minimal degradation of model quality.Unlike traditional approaches that solely optimize the mean squared error of weight approximation,DARE-Q additionally considers the entropy of the quantization residual,allowing for control over the statistical properties of the resulting error.The method is based on channel-wise symmetric uniform quantization with scaling based on a combined loss function that includes L2 distortion and entropy regularization.The DARE-Q method is implemented as a compact DAREQuantLinear module which can be easily integrated into standard transformer pipelines without changing the inference logic or using specific kernels.The experimental analysis was conducted on the language models facebook/opt-125m and facebook/opt-350m,which contain approximately 125 and 350 million parameters.The quality of the models was assessed using the standard perplexity metric(PPL)computed on the wikitext-2-raw-v1 dataset.DARE-Q is completely data-free and does not require model retraining or calibration data,which makes it the only viable option in privacy-sensitive or confidential environments where access to the original training data is restricted—precisely the setting where methods such as GPTQ and AWQ cannot be applied.The observed increase in PPL relative to data-dependent baselines reflects this fundamental trade-off rather than a shortcoming of the approach.By leveraging per-channel scale selection and a combined loss function,DARE-Q provides a flexible trade-off between approximation accuracy and quantization error structure,creating an attractive algorithmic basis for further improvement of model compression methods.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2021YFA0718700)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52172259 and 52472191)+1 种基金the Fujian Science&Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China(Grant No.2021ZZ127)the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province of China(Grant No.2025J010017)。
摘要Conventional methods for quantifying thermoelectric anisotropy rely on precisely aligned crystals,which are time-consuming and error-prone.To address this,we propose a tensor inversion method integrating transport measurements with EBSD-derived Euler angles to determine the intrinsic tensors of as-grown bismuth crystals.This method reconstructs the full second-rank thermoelectric tensors—including electrical resistivity,thermal conductivity,and the Seebeck coefficient—by transforming transport data between the sample coordinate system and the crystal coordinate system.The inverted tensor components of pure bismuth show excellent agreement with reported principal-axis values,validating the accuracy of this method.Moreover,the reversibility of the tensor inversion approach allows for complete visualization of the directional dependence of the thermoelectric figure of merit(zT),revealing its full angular and crystallographic orientation distribution for the first time.This bidirectional framework not only provides a convenient pathway for the reconstruction of intrinsic transport tensors but also enables the prediction of orientation-dependent properties,thereby offering a robust tool for analyzing anisotropic transport behavior and guiding the optimization of thermoelectric performance.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications(Grant No.2025JCTP01)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2022YFB4601101)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12261131495).
摘要The precise modeling of strong nonlinear transient evolution in nonlinear dynamical systems,including soliton evolution,remains a long-term challenge.Deep learning models with powerful nonlinear fitting capabilities have become efficient tools for physical system modeling.However,existing initialization methods rely on statistical distribution assumptions and lack constraints from physical mechanisms,which easily lead to suboptimal solutions and severely limit model prediction accuracy and generalization.Based on the energy minimization principle of physical systems,this work proposes energy-based initialization(EBI).This method requires only prior structural knowledge of the physical system as input,without experimental data or architecture customization,to guide initial weights to align with the intrinsic dynamical structure of physical systems.The work further derives an upper bound on the distance between EBI initial weights and optimal weights for downstream tasks,and proves that its performance advantage increases monotonically with the expansion of model parameter scale.Validation across four typical physical scenarios shows that EBI outperforms classical initialization schemes across all metrics,while initialization for a model with 4.7 million parameters takes less than 5 minutes.This work fills the gap of specialized initialization methods in AI for physics,provides efficient support for tasks such as transient prediction of optical fiber laser and inverse sensing of laser structures,and is expected to open new directions for interdisciplinary research between artificial intelligence and physics.