Wireless sensor network (WSN) requires robust and efficient communication protocols to minimise delay and save energy. The lifetime of WSN can be maximised by selecting proper medium access control (MAC) scheme de...Wireless sensor network (WSN) requires robust and efficient communication protocols to minimise delay and save energy. The lifetime of WSN can be maximised by selecting proper medium access control (MAC) scheme depending on the contention level of the network. The throughput of WSN however reduces due to channel fading effects even with the proper design of MAC protocol. Hence this paper proposes a new MAC scheme for enabling packet transmission using cooperative multi-input multi-output (MIMO) utilising space time codes(STC) such as space time block code (STBC), space time trellis code (STTC) to achieve higher energy savings and lower delay by allowing nodes to transmit and receive information jointly. The performance of the proposed MAC protocol is evaluated in terms of transmission error probability, energy consumption and delay. Simulation results show that the proposed cooperative MIMO MAC protocol provides reliable and efficient transmission by leveraging MIMO diversity gains.展开更多
Noises always disturb the control effect of an environment test especially in multi-input multi-output(MIMO) systems. If the frequency response function matrices are ill-conditioned, the noises in the driving forces w...Noises always disturb the control effect of an environment test especially in multi-input multi-output(MIMO) systems. If the frequency response function matrices are ill-conditioned, the noises in the driving forces will be amplified and the response spectral lines may awfully exceed their tolerances. Most of the major biases between the response spectra and the reference spectra are produced by the amplified noises. However, ordinary control algorithms can hardly reduce the level of noises. The influences of the noises on both the auto- and cross-power spectra are analyzed in this paper. As a conventional frequency domain method on the inverse problem, the Tikhonov filter is adopted in the environment test to suppress the exceeding spectral lines. By altering regularization parameters gradually, the auto-power spectra can be improved in a closed control loop. Instead of using the traditional way of selecting regularization parameters, we observe the coherence change to estimate noise eliminations. Incidentally, the requirement of coherence control can be realized. The errors of the phase are then studied and a phase control algorithm is introduced at the end as a supplement of cross-power spectra control. The Tikhonov filter and the proposed phase control algorithm are tested numerically and experimentally. The results show that the noises in the vicinity of lightly damped resonant peaks are more stubborn. The response spectra are able to be greatly improved by the combination of these two methods.展开更多
A form of iterative learning control (ILC) is used to update the set-point for the local controller. It is referred to as set-point-related (SPR) indirect ILC. SPR indirect ILC has shown excellent performance: as a su...A form of iterative learning control (ILC) is used to update the set-point for the local controller. It is referred to as set-point-related (SPR) indirect ILC. SPR indirect ILC has shown excellent performance: as a supervision module for the local controller, ILC can improve the tracking performance of the closed-loop system along the batch direction. In this study, an ILC-based P-type controller is proposed for multi-input multi-output (MIMO) linear batch processes, where a P-type controller is used to design the control signal directly and an ILC module is used to update the set-point for the P-type controller. Under the proposed ILC-based P-type controller, the closed-loop system can be transformed to a 2-dimensional (2D) Roesser s system. Based on the 2D system framework, a sufficient condition for asymptotic stability of the closed-loop system is derived in this paper. In terms of the average tracking error (ATE), the closed-loop control performance under the proposed algorithm can be improved from batch to batch, even though there are repetitive disturbances. A numerical example is used to validate the proposed results.展开更多
This paper presents the design of decentralized repetitive control (RC) for multi-input multi-output (MIMO) systems. An optimization method is used to obtain a RC compensator that ensures system stability and good...This paper presents the design of decentralized repetitive control (RC) for multi-input multi-output (MIMO) systems. An optimization method is used to obtain a RC compensator that ensures system stability and good tracking performance. The designed compensator is in the form of a stable, low order, and causal filter, in which the compensator can be implemented separately without being merged with the RC internal model. This will reduce complexity in the implementation. Simulation results and comparison study are given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed design. The novelty of design is also verified in experiments on a 2 degrees of freedom (DOF) robot.展开更多
The FRF estimator based on the errors-in-variables(EV)model of multi-input multi-output(MIMO)system is presented to reduce the bias error of FRF HI estimator.The FRF HI estimator is influenced by the noises in the inp...The FRF estimator based on the errors-in-variables(EV)model of multi-input multi-output(MIMO)system is presented to reduce the bias error of FRF HI estimator.The FRF HI estimator is influenced by the noises in the inputs of the system and generates an under-estimation of the true FRF.The FRF estimator based on the EV model takes into account the errors in both the inputs and outputs of the system and would lead to more accurate FRF estimation.The FRF estimator based on the EV model is applied to the waveform replication on the 6-DOF(degree-of-freedom)hydraulic vibration table.The result shows that it is favorable to improve the control precision of the MIMO vibration control system.展开更多
In this paper,a linearonlinear switching active disturbance rejection control(SADRC)based decoupling control approach is proposed to deal with some difficult control problems in a class of multi-input multi-output(MIM...In this paper,a linearonlinear switching active disturbance rejection control(SADRC)based decoupling control approach is proposed to deal with some difficult control problems in a class of multi-input multi-output(MIMO)systems such as multi-variables,disturbances,and coupling,etc.Firstly,the structure and parameter tuning method of SADRC is introduced into this paper.Followed on this,virtual control variables are adopted into the MIMO systems,making the systems decoupled.Then the SADRC controller is designed for every subsystem.After this,a stability analyzed method via the Lyapunov function is proposed for the whole system.Finally,some simulations are presented to demonstrate the anti-disturbance and robustness of SADRC,and results show SADRC has a potential applications in engineering practice.展开更多
In this paper a method that combines transmit antenna selection and reduced-constellation detection in spatially correlated Multi-Input Multi-Output (MIMO) fading channels is presented. To mitigate the performance d...In this paper a method that combines transmit antenna selection and reduced-constellation detection in spatially correlated Multi-Input Multi-Output (MIMO) fading channels is presented. To mitigate the performance degradation caused by the use of antenna selection that is based on correlation among columns, an iterative receiver scheme that uses only a subset of the constellation points close to the expected symbol vahle estimated in the previous iteration is proposed. The size of the subset can adapt to the maximum correlation of the sub-matrix after the simple antenna selection. Furthermore, the error rate performance of the scheme under linear Miniinutn Mean Square Error (MMSE) or Ordered Successive Interference Cancellation (OSIC) for the first run detection and different interleaver lengths is investigated while the transnlit antenna selection is considered. The simulation results show a significant advantage both for implementation complexity and for error rate performance under a fixed data rate.展开更多
A novel nonlinear multi-input multi-output MIMO detection algorithm is proposed which is referred to as an ordered successive noise projection cancellation OSNPC algorithm. It is capable of improving the computation p...A novel nonlinear multi-input multi-output MIMO detection algorithm is proposed which is referred to as an ordered successive noise projection cancellation OSNPC algorithm. It is capable of improving the computation performance of the MIMO detector with the conventional ordered successive interference cancellation OSIC algorithm. In contrast to the OSIC in which the known interferences in the input signal vector are successively cancelled the OSNPC successively cancels the known noise projections from the decision statistic vector. Analysis indicates that the OSNPC is equivalent to the OSIC in error performance but it has significantly less complexity in computation.Furthermore when the OSNPC is applied to the MIMO detection with the preprocessing of dual lattice reduction DLR the computational complexity of the proposed OSNPC-based DLR-aided detector is further reduced due to the avoidance of the inverse of the reduced basis of the dual lattice in computation compared to that of the OSIC-based one. Simulation results validate the theoretical conclusions with regard to both the performance and complexity of the proposed MIMO detection scheme.展开更多
Based on the array architecture of multiple transmittingeceiving antennas,Multi-Input Multi-Output(MIMO)radar provides a new mechanism for radar imaging technology.In order to explore the processing approach to this i...Based on the array architecture of multiple transmittingeceiving antennas,Multi-Input Multi-Output(MIMO)radar provides a new mechanism for radar imaging technology.In order to explore the processing approach to this imaging mechanism,the two dimensional(2D)imaging model of MIMO radar is established first,and the spatial sampling ability is analyzed from the concept of spatial convolution of the antenna elements.The target spatial spectral filling format of MIMO radar with monochromatic transmitting signal is described.High-resolution imaging capability of MIMO radar is analyzed according to spatial spectral coverage and the corresponding imaging algorithm is presented.Finally,field imaging experiment is used to demonstrate the superior imaging performance of MIMO radar.展开更多
Intermittent transonic wind tunnels demand high-precision and stable control of Mach number and stagnation pressure during the variation of model angle of attack,while the traditional proportional integral derivative(...Intermittent transonic wind tunnels demand high-precision and stable control of Mach number and stagnation pressure during the variation of model angle of attack,while the traditional proportional integral derivative(PID)control strategy fails to achieve the Mach number control error target of 0.001 and is inept at resisting flow field disturbances caused by rapid changes in angle of attack.Aiming at this problem,this study takes the intermittent transonic wind tunnel of China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center as the research object and optimizes the wind tunnel control system for its characteristics of multi-input multi-output(MIMO),large time delay and nonlinearity.First,the control system structure is reconstructed by introducing ejection pressure as a controlled variable to reduce the time lag from the main pressure regulating valve to the test section,and selecting static pressure instead of Mach number as a controlled variable to weaken the nonlinear coupling between Mach number and static pressure.Second,based on the first-order plus dead time process model of the wind tunnel,a MIMO dynamic matrix controller(DMC)for wind tunnel flow field is designed.Considering the predictable nature of angle-of-attack changes,a feedforward compensation strategy is integrated into the DMC to mitigate the pressure disturbance in the test section caused by the variation of angle of attack.Third,a complete tuning strategy for DMC parameters including sampling time,prediction horizon,control horizon and weight coefficients is formulated according to the wind tunnel model parameters under different Mach numbers.Experimental validations through practical blowing tests are carried out at Mach numbers of 0.578,0.675,0.714 and 0.822 to compare the control performance of the proposed feedforward DMC strategy with the traditional PID control and DMC without feedforward compensation.The results show that the proposed strategy stably controls the Mach number error within 0.001,and significantly improves the stagnation pressure control accuracy and anti-disturbance capability of the wind tunnel flow field.Moreover,the strategy exhibits excellent repeatability and robustness under different Mach number conditions.This study effectively solves the problem of high-precision flow field control under the rapid change of angle of attack in intermittent transonic wind tunnels,and provides a technical reference for the flow field control of complex fluid test devices such as hypersonic wind tunnels.展开更多
To solve the synchronization and tracking problems,a cooperative control scheme is proposed for a class of higher-order multi-input and multi-output(MIMO)nonlinear multi-agent systems(MASs)subjected to uncertainties a...To solve the synchronization and tracking problems,a cooperative control scheme is proposed for a class of higher-order multi-input and multi-output(MIMO)nonlinear multi-agent systems(MASs)subjected to uncertainties and external disturbances.First,coupled relationships among Laplace matrix,leader-following adjacency matrix and consensus error are analyzed based on undirected graph.Furthermore,nonlinear disturbance observers(NDOs)are designed to estimate compounded disturbances in MASs,and a distributed cooperative anti-disturbance control protocol is proposed for high-order MIMO nonlinear MASs based on the outputs of NDOs and dynamic surface control approach.Finally,the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed scheme are proven based on Lyapunov stability theory and simulation experiments.展开更多
A Taylor series expansion(TSE) based design for minimum mean-square error(MMSE) and QR decomposition(QRD) of multi-input and multi-output(MIMO) systems is proposed based on application specific instruction set process...A Taylor series expansion(TSE) based design for minimum mean-square error(MMSE) and QR decomposition(QRD) of multi-input and multi-output(MIMO) systems is proposed based on application specific instruction set processor(ASIP), which uses TSE algorithm instead of resource-consuming reciprocal and reciprocal square root(RSR) operations.The aim is to give a high performance implementation for MMSE and QRD in one programmable platform simultaneously.Furthermore, instruction set architecture(ISA) and the allocation of data paths in single instruction multiple data-very long instruction word(SIMD-VLIW) architecture are provided, offering more data parallelism and instruction parallelism for different dimension matrices and operation types.Meanwhile, multiple level numerical precision can be achieved with flexible table size and expansion order in TSE ISA.The ASIP has been implemented to a 28 nm CMOS process and frequency reaches 800 MHz.Experimental results show that the proposed design provides perfect numerical precision within the fixed bit-width of the ASIP, higher matrix processing rate better than the requirements of 5G system and more rate-area efficiency comparable with ASIC implementations.展开更多
The presented scheme named M-CAP (Maximum CAPacity) uses the CSI (Channel State Information) and its statistics to deduce an equivalent channel according to which the transmit power is allocated to the subchannels. An...The presented scheme named M-CAP (Maximum CAPacity) uses the CSI (Channel State Information) and its statistics to deduce an equivalent channel according to which the transmit power is allocated to the subchannels. And then modulation scheme is determined adaptively according to the power allocated to each subchannel. The advantage of the M-CAP scheme is that it combines power allocation and adaptive modulation while maintaining a large capacity. We demonstrate by computer simulations that the proposed M-CAP scheme can significantly improve system performance compared with the traditional schemes.展开更多
When a feedback system has components described by non-rational transfer functions, a standard practice in designing such a system is to replace the non-rational functions with rational approximants and then carry out...When a feedback system has components described by non-rational transfer functions, a standard practice in designing such a system is to replace the non-rational functions with rational approximants and then carry out the design with the approximants by means of a method that copes with rational systems. In order to ensure that the design carried out with the approximants still provides satisfactory results for the original system, a criterion of approximation should be explicitly taken into account in the design formulation. This paper derives such a criterion for multi-input multi-output(MIMO) feedback systems whose design objective is to ensure that the absolute values of every error and every controller output components always stay within prescribed bounds whenever the inputs satisfy certain bounding conditions. The obtained criterion generalizes a known result which was derived for single-input single-output(SISO) systems; furthermore, for a given rational approximant matrix, it is expressed as a set of inequalities that can be solved in practice. Finally, a controller for a binary distillation column is designed by using the criterion in conjunction with the method of inequalities. The numerical results clearly demonstrate that the usefulness of the criterion in obtaining a design solution for the original system.展开更多
Precoding methods at the Base Station (BS) can be used to deal with the inter-cell interference and improve the signal quality of the user especially at the cell edge. In this paper, a novel Zero-Forcing (ZF) precodin...Precoding methods at the Base Station (BS) can be used to deal with the inter-cell interference and improve the signal quality of the user especially at the cell edge. In this paper, a novel Zero-Forcing (ZF) precoding method is proposed and investigated for multi-cell Multi-Input Multi-Output (MIMO) systems. We propose a relaxed ZF precoding method by relaxing the ZF criterion to some degree so that the inter-cell interference may not be zero. Complexity analysis shows that compared with the conventional ZF method, the additional computation complexity for the proposed method is trivial. Simulation results show that the proposed relaxed ZF method has better performance than the conventional ZF method in terms of the sum-rate, especially at low Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR).展开更多
The energy efficiency(EE) for the full-duplex massive multi-input multi-output(MIMO) system is investigated. Given the transmit powers of both the uplink and the downlink, the closed-form solutions of the optimal ...The energy efficiency(EE) for the full-duplex massive multi-input multi-output(MIMO) system is investigated. Given the transmit powers of both the uplink and the downlink, the closed-form solutions of the optimal number of antennas and the maximum EE are achieved in the high regime of the signal-to-noise ratio(SNR). It is shown that the optimal number of antennas and the maximum EE gets larger with the increase in user numbers. To further improve the EE, an optimization algorithm with low complexity is proposed to jointly determine the number of antennas and the transmit powers of both the uplink and the downlink. It is shown that, the proposed algorithm can achieve the system performance very close to the exhaustive search.展开更多
A new channel estimation and data detection joint algorithm is proposed for multi-input multi-output (MIMO) - orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system using linear minimum mean square error (LMMSE...A new channel estimation and data detection joint algorithm is proposed for multi-input multi-output (MIMO) - orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system using linear minimum mean square error (LMMSE)- based space-alternating generalized expectation-maximization (SAGE) algorithm. In the proposed algorithm, every sub-frame of the MIMO-OFDM system is divided into some OFDM sub-blocks and the LMMSE-based SAGE algorithm in each sub-block is used. At the head of each sub-flame, we insert training symbols which are used in the initial estimation at the beginning. Channel estimation of the previous sub-block is applied to the initial estimation in the current sub-block by the maximum-likelihood (ML) detection to update channel estimatjon and data detection by iteration until converge. Then all the sub-blocks can be finished in turn. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can improve the bit error rate (BER) performance.展开更多
This paper proposes a subspace-based noise variance and Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) estimation algorithm for Multi-Input Multi-Output (MIMO) wireless Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) systems. The spec...This paper proposes a subspace-based noise variance and Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) estimation algorithm for Multi-Input Multi-Output (MIMO) wireless Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) systems. The special training sequences with the property of orthogonality and phase shift orthogonality are used in pilot tones to obtain the estimated channel correlation matrix. Partitioning the observation space into a delay subspace and a noise subspace, we achieve the measurement of noise variance and SNR. Simulation results show that the proposed estimator can obtain accurate and real-time measurements of the noise variance and SNR for various multipath fading channels, demonstrating its strong robustness against different channels.展开更多
To bridge the performance gap between original probability data association (PDA) algorithm and the optimum maximum a posterior (MAP) algorithm for multi-input multi-output (MIMO) detection, a grouped PDA (GP-...To bridge the performance gap between original probability data association (PDA) algorithm and the optimum maximum a posterior (MAP) algorithm for multi-input multi-output (MIMO) detection, a grouped PDA (GP-PDA) detection algorithm is proposed. The proposed GP-PDA method divides all the transmit antennas into groups, and then updates the symbol probabilities group by group using PDA computations. In each group, joint a posterior probability (APP) is computed to obtain the APP of a single symbol in this group, like the MAP algorithm. Such new algorithm combines the characters of MAP and PDA. MAP and original PDA algorithm can be regarded as a special case of the proposed GP-PDA. Simulations show that the proposed GP-PDA provides a performance and complexity trade, off between original PDA and MAP algorithm.展开更多
A new semi-blind adaptive beamforming scheme is proposed for multi-input multi-output (MIMO) induced and spacedivision multiple-access based wireless systems that employ high order phase shift keying signaling. A mi...A new semi-blind adaptive beamforming scheme is proposed for multi-input multi-output (MIMO) induced and spacedivision multiple-access based wireless systems that employ high order phase shift keying signaling. A minimum number of training symbols, very close to the number of receiver antenna elements, are used to provide a rough initial least squares estimate of the beamformer's weight vector. A novel cost function combining the constant modulus criterion with decision-directed adaptation is adopted to adapt the beamformer weight vector. This cost function can be approximated as a quadratic form with a closed-form solution, based on which we then derive the recursive least squares (RLS) semi-blind adaptive beamforming algorithm. This semi-blind adaptive beamforming scheme is capable of converging fast to the minimum mean-square-error beamforming solution, as demonstrated in our simulation study. Our proposed semi-blind RLS beamforming algorithm therefore provides an efficient detection scheme for the future generation of MIMO aided mobile communication systems.展开更多
摘要Wireless sensor network (WSN) requires robust and efficient communication protocols to minimise delay and save energy. The lifetime of WSN can be maximised by selecting proper medium access control (MAC) scheme depending on the contention level of the network. The throughput of WSN however reduces due to channel fading effects even with the proper design of MAC protocol. Hence this paper proposes a new MAC scheme for enabling packet transmission using cooperative multi-input multi-output (MIMO) utilising space time codes(STC) such as space time block code (STBC), space time trellis code (STTC) to achieve higher energy savings and lower delay by allowing nodes to transmit and receive information jointly. The performance of the proposed MAC protocol is evaluated in terms of transmission error probability, energy consumption and delay. Simulation results show that the proposed cooperative MIMO MAC protocol provides reliable and efficient transmission by leveraging MIMO diversity gains.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. NS2015008)the corresponding work was performed in the State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures
摘要Noises always disturb the control effect of an environment test especially in multi-input multi-output(MIMO) systems. If the frequency response function matrices are ill-conditioned, the noises in the driving forces will be amplified and the response spectral lines may awfully exceed their tolerances. Most of the major biases between the response spectra and the reference spectra are produced by the amplified noises. However, ordinary control algorithms can hardly reduce the level of noises. The influences of the noises on both the auto- and cross-power spectra are analyzed in this paper. As a conventional frequency domain method on the inverse problem, the Tikhonov filter is adopted in the environment test to suppress the exceeding spectral lines. By altering regularization parameters gradually, the auto-power spectra can be improved in a closed control loop. Instead of using the traditional way of selecting regularization parameters, we observe the coherence change to estimate noise eliminations. Incidentally, the requirement of coherence control can be realized. The errors of the phase are then studied and a phase control algorithm is introduced at the end as a supplement of cross-power spectra control. The Tikhonov filter and the proposed phase control algorithm are tested numerically and experimentally. The results show that the noises in the vicinity of lightly damped resonant peaks are more stubborn. The response spectra are able to be greatly improved by the combination of these two methods.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 60874116)Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province (No. F2009000857)
摘要A form of iterative learning control (ILC) is used to update the set-point for the local controller. It is referred to as set-point-related (SPR) indirect ILC. SPR indirect ILC has shown excellent performance: as a supervision module for the local controller, ILC can improve the tracking performance of the closed-loop system along the batch direction. In this study, an ILC-based P-type controller is proposed for multi-input multi-output (MIMO) linear batch processes, where a P-type controller is used to design the control signal directly and an ILC module is used to update the set-point for the P-type controller. Under the proposed ILC-based P-type controller, the closed-loop system can be transformed to a 2-dimensional (2D) Roesser s system. Based on the 2D system framework, a sufficient condition for asymptotic stability of the closed-loop system is derived in this paper. In terms of the average tracking error (ATE), the closed-loop control performance under the proposed algorithm can be improved from batch to batch, even though there are repetitive disturbances. A numerical example is used to validate the proposed results.
摘要This paper presents the design of decentralized repetitive control (RC) for multi-input multi-output (MIMO) systems. An optimization method is used to obtain a RC compensator that ensures system stability and good tracking performance. The designed compensator is in the form of a stable, low order, and causal filter, in which the compensator can be implemented separately without being merged with the RC internal model. This will reduce complexity in the implementation. Simulation results and comparison study are given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed design. The novelty of design is also verified in experiments on a 2 degrees of freedom (DOF) robot.
基金This project is supported by Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University,China(No.NCET-04-0325).
摘要The FRF estimator based on the errors-in-variables(EV)model of multi-input multi-output(MIMO)system is presented to reduce the bias error of FRF HI estimator.The FRF HI estimator is influenced by the noises in the inputs of the system and generates an under-estimation of the true FRF.The FRF estimator based on the EV model takes into account the errors in both the inputs and outputs of the system and would lead to more accurate FRF estimation.The FRF estimator based on the EV model is applied to the waveform replication on the 6-DOF(degree-of-freedom)hydraulic vibration table.The result shows that it is favorable to improve the control precision of the MIMO vibration control system.
基金supported by the Scientific Research Innovation Development Foundation of Army Engineering University((2019)71).
摘要In this paper,a linearonlinear switching active disturbance rejection control(SADRC)based decoupling control approach is proposed to deal with some difficult control problems in a class of multi-input multi-output(MIMO)systems such as multi-variables,disturbances,and coupling,etc.Firstly,the structure and parameter tuning method of SADRC is introduced into this paper.Followed on this,virtual control variables are adopted into the MIMO systems,making the systems decoupled.Then the SADRC controller is designed for every subsystem.After this,a stability analyzed method via the Lyapunov function is proposed for the whole system.Finally,some simulations are presented to demonstrate the anti-disturbance and robustness of SADRC,and results show SADRC has a potential applications in engineering practice.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.60496311)China High-Tech 863 Plan (No.2006AA01Z264).
摘要In this paper a method that combines transmit antenna selection and reduced-constellation detection in spatially correlated Multi-Input Multi-Output (MIMO) fading channels is presented. To mitigate the performance degradation caused by the use of antenna selection that is based on correlation among columns, an iterative receiver scheme that uses only a subset of the constellation points close to the expected symbol vahle estimated in the previous iteration is proposed. The size of the subset can adapt to the maximum correlation of the sub-matrix after the simple antenna selection. Furthermore, the error rate performance of the scheme under linear Miniinutn Mean Square Error (MMSE) or Ordered Successive Interference Cancellation (OSIC) for the first run detection and different interleaver lengths is investigated while the transnlit antenna selection is considered. The simulation results show a significant advantage both for implementation complexity and for error rate performance under a fixed data rate.
基金The National Science and Technology Major Project(No.2012ZX03004005-003)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61171081,61201175)the Innovation Technology Fund of Jiangsu Province(No.BC2012006)
摘要A novel nonlinear multi-input multi-output MIMO detection algorithm is proposed which is referred to as an ordered successive noise projection cancellation OSNPC algorithm. It is capable of improving the computation performance of the MIMO detector with the conventional ordered successive interference cancellation OSIC algorithm. In contrast to the OSIC in which the known interferences in the input signal vector are successively cancelled the OSNPC successively cancels the known noise projections from the decision statistic vector. Analysis indicates that the OSNPC is equivalent to the OSIC in error performance but it has significantly less complexity in computation.Furthermore when the OSNPC is applied to the MIMO detection with the preprocessing of dual lattice reduction DLR the computational complexity of the proposed OSNPC-based DLR-aided detector is further reduced due to the avoidance of the inverse of the reduced basis of the dual lattice in computation compared to that of the OSIC-based one. Simulation results validate the theoretical conclusions with regard to both the performance and complexity of the proposed MIMO detection scheme.
摘要Based on the array architecture of multiple transmittingeceiving antennas,Multi-Input Multi-Output(MIMO)radar provides a new mechanism for radar imaging technology.In order to explore the processing approach to this imaging mechanism,the two dimensional(2D)imaging model of MIMO radar is established first,and the spatial sampling ability is analyzed from the concept of spatial convolution of the antenna elements.The target spatial spectral filling format of MIMO radar with monochromatic transmitting signal is described.High-resolution imaging capability of MIMO radar is analyzed according to spatial spectral coverage and the corresponding imaging algorithm is presented.Finally,field imaging experiment is used to demonstrate the superior imaging performance of MIMO radar.
摘要Intermittent transonic wind tunnels demand high-precision and stable control of Mach number and stagnation pressure during the variation of model angle of attack,while the traditional proportional integral derivative(PID)control strategy fails to achieve the Mach number control error target of 0.001 and is inept at resisting flow field disturbances caused by rapid changes in angle of attack.Aiming at this problem,this study takes the intermittent transonic wind tunnel of China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center as the research object and optimizes the wind tunnel control system for its characteristics of multi-input multi-output(MIMO),large time delay and nonlinearity.First,the control system structure is reconstructed by introducing ejection pressure as a controlled variable to reduce the time lag from the main pressure regulating valve to the test section,and selecting static pressure instead of Mach number as a controlled variable to weaken the nonlinear coupling between Mach number and static pressure.Second,based on the first-order plus dead time process model of the wind tunnel,a MIMO dynamic matrix controller(DMC)for wind tunnel flow field is designed.Considering the predictable nature of angle-of-attack changes,a feedforward compensation strategy is integrated into the DMC to mitigate the pressure disturbance in the test section caused by the variation of angle of attack.Third,a complete tuning strategy for DMC parameters including sampling time,prediction horizon,control horizon and weight coefficients is formulated according to the wind tunnel model parameters under different Mach numbers.Experimental validations through practical blowing tests are carried out at Mach numbers of 0.578,0.675,0.714 and 0.822 to compare the control performance of the proposed feedforward DMC strategy with the traditional PID control and DMC without feedforward compensation.The results show that the proposed strategy stably controls the Mach number error within 0.001,and significantly improves the stagnation pressure control accuracy and anti-disturbance capability of the wind tunnel flow field.Moreover,the strategy exhibits excellent repeatability and robustness under different Mach number conditions.This study effectively solves the problem of high-precision flow field control under the rapid change of angle of attack in intermittent transonic wind tunnels,and provides a technical reference for the flow field control of complex fluid test devices such as hypersonic wind tunnels.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61963029)Jiangxi Provincial Natural Science Foundation(Nos.20224BAB202027 and 20232ACB202007)。
摘要To solve the synchronization and tracking problems,a cooperative control scheme is proposed for a class of higher-order multi-input and multi-output(MIMO)nonlinear multi-agent systems(MASs)subjected to uncertainties and external disturbances.First,coupled relationships among Laplace matrix,leader-following adjacency matrix and consensus error are analyzed based on undirected graph.Furthermore,nonlinear disturbance observers(NDOs)are designed to estimate compounded disturbances in MASs,and a distributed cooperative anti-disturbance control protocol is proposed for high-order MIMO nonlinear MASs based on the outputs of NDOs and dynamic surface control approach.Finally,the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed scheme are proven based on Lyapunov stability theory and simulation experiments.
基金Supported by the Industrial Internet Innovation and Development Project of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (No.GHBJ2004)。
摘要A Taylor series expansion(TSE) based design for minimum mean-square error(MMSE) and QR decomposition(QRD) of multi-input and multi-output(MIMO) systems is proposed based on application specific instruction set processor(ASIP), which uses TSE algorithm instead of resource-consuming reciprocal and reciprocal square root(RSR) operations.The aim is to give a high performance implementation for MMSE and QRD in one programmable platform simultaneously.Furthermore, instruction set architecture(ISA) and the allocation of data paths in single instruction multiple data-very long instruction word(SIMD-VLIW) architecture are provided, offering more data parallelism and instruction parallelism for different dimension matrices and operation types.Meanwhile, multiple level numerical precision can be achieved with flexible table size and expansion order in TSE ISA.The ASIP has been implemented to a 28 nm CMOS process and frequency reaches 800 MHz.Experimental results show that the proposed design provides perfect numerical precision within the fixed bit-width of the ASIP, higher matrix processing rate better than the requirements of 5G system and more rate-area efficiency comparable with ASIC implementations.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.90104019).
摘要The presented scheme named M-CAP (Maximum CAPacity) uses the CSI (Channel State Information) and its statistics to deduce an equivalent channel according to which the transmit power is allocated to the subchannels. And then modulation scheme is determined adaptively according to the power allocated to each subchannel. The advantage of the M-CAP scheme is that it combines power allocation and adaptive modulation while maintaining a large capacity. We demonstrate by computer simulations that the proposed M-CAP scheme can significantly improve system performance compared with the traditional schemes.
基金financial support from the honour program of the Department of Electrical Engineering,Faculty of Engineering,Chulalongkorn University
摘要When a feedback system has components described by non-rational transfer functions, a standard practice in designing such a system is to replace the non-rational functions with rational approximants and then carry out the design with the approximants by means of a method that copes with rational systems. In order to ensure that the design carried out with the approximants still provides satisfactory results for the original system, a criterion of approximation should be explicitly taken into account in the design formulation. This paper derives such a criterion for multi-input multi-output(MIMO) feedback systems whose design objective is to ensure that the absolute values of every error and every controller output components always stay within prescribed bounds whenever the inputs satisfy certain bounding conditions. The obtained criterion generalizes a known result which was derived for single-input single-output(SISO) systems; furthermore, for a given rational approximant matrix, it is expressed as a set of inequalities that can be solved in practice. Finally, a controller for a binary distillation column is designed by using the criterion in conjunction with the method of inequalities. The numerical results clearly demonstrate that the usefulness of the criterion in obtaining a design solution for the original system.
基金Supported by Shantou Youth Scientific Research Fund(No.YR11002)Distinguished Youth Fund in Higher Education of Guangdong Province(No.2012LYM_0064)
摘要Precoding methods at the Base Station (BS) can be used to deal with the inter-cell interference and improve the signal quality of the user especially at the cell edge. In this paper, a novel Zero-Forcing (ZF) precoding method is proposed and investigated for multi-cell Multi-Input Multi-Output (MIMO) systems. We propose a relaxed ZF precoding method by relaxing the ZF criterion to some degree so that the inter-cell interference may not be zero. Complexity analysis shows that compared with the conventional ZF method, the additional computation complexity for the proposed method is trivial. Simulation results show that the proposed relaxed ZF method has better performance than the conventional ZF method in terms of the sum-rate, especially at low Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR).
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61371188)the Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education(20130131110029)+2 种基金the Open Fund of State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks(ISN14-03)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2014M560553)the Special Funds for Postdoctoral Innovative Projects of Shandong Province(201401013)
摘要The energy efficiency(EE) for the full-duplex massive multi-input multi-output(MIMO) system is investigated. Given the transmit powers of both the uplink and the downlink, the closed-form solutions of the optimal number of antennas and the maximum EE are achieved in the high regime of the signal-to-noise ratio(SNR). It is shown that the optimal number of antennas and the maximum EE gets larger with the increase in user numbers. To further improve the EE, an optimization algorithm with low complexity is proposed to jointly determine the number of antennas and the transmit powers of both the uplink and the downlink. It is shown that, the proposed algorithm can achieve the system performance very close to the exhaustive search.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 61001105), the National Science and Technology Major Projects (No. 2011ZX03001- 007- 03) and Beijing Natural Science Foundation (No. 4102043).
摘要A new channel estimation and data detection joint algorithm is proposed for multi-input multi-output (MIMO) - orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system using linear minimum mean square error (LMMSE)- based space-alternating generalized expectation-maximization (SAGE) algorithm. In the proposed algorithm, every sub-frame of the MIMO-OFDM system is divided into some OFDM sub-blocks and the LMMSE-based SAGE algorithm in each sub-block is used. At the head of each sub-flame, we insert training symbols which are used in the initial estimation at the beginning. Channel estimation of the previous sub-block is applied to the initial estimation in the current sub-block by the maximum-likelihood (ML) detection to update channel estimatjon and data detection by iteration until converge. Then all the sub-blocks can be finished in turn. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can improve the bit error rate (BER) performance.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.60496311)
摘要This paper proposes a subspace-based noise variance and Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) estimation algorithm for Multi-Input Multi-Output (MIMO) wireless Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) systems. The special training sequences with the property of orthogonality and phase shift orthogonality are used in pilot tones to obtain the estimated channel correlation matrix. Partitioning the observation space into a delay subspace and a noise subspace, we achieve the measurement of noise variance and SNR. Simulation results show that the proposed estimator can obtain accurate and real-time measurements of the noise variance and SNR for various multipath fading channels, demonstrating its strong robustness against different channels.
基金Sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(60572120)
摘要To bridge the performance gap between original probability data association (PDA) algorithm and the optimum maximum a posterior (MAP) algorithm for multi-input multi-output (MIMO) detection, a grouped PDA (GP-PDA) detection algorithm is proposed. The proposed GP-PDA method divides all the transmit antennas into groups, and then updates the symbol probabilities group by group using PDA computations. In each group, joint a posterior probability (APP) is computed to obtain the APP of a single symbol in this group, like the MAP algorithm. Such new algorithm combines the characters of MAP and PDA. MAP and original PDA algorithm can be regarded as a special case of the proposed GP-PDA. Simulations show that the proposed GP-PDA provides a performance and complexity trade, off between original PDA and MAP algorithm.
摘要A new semi-blind adaptive beamforming scheme is proposed for multi-input multi-output (MIMO) induced and spacedivision multiple-access based wireless systems that employ high order phase shift keying signaling. A minimum number of training symbols, very close to the number of receiver antenna elements, are used to provide a rough initial least squares estimate of the beamformer's weight vector. A novel cost function combining the constant modulus criterion with decision-directed adaptation is adopted to adapt the beamformer weight vector. This cost function can be approximated as a quadratic form with a closed-form solution, based on which we then derive the recursive least squares (RLS) semi-blind adaptive beamforming algorithm. This semi-blind adaptive beamforming scheme is capable of converging fast to the minimum mean-square-error beamforming solution, as demonstrated in our simulation study. Our proposed semi-blind RLS beamforming algorithm therefore provides an efficient detection scheme for the future generation of MIMO aided mobile communication systems.