This review provides a comprehensive survey of the most recent developments in metasurfaces for applications in domains including wireless-optical switching and communications.In particular,we focus on discussion of m...This review provides a comprehensive survey of the most recent developments in metasurfaces for applications in domains including wireless-optical switching and communications.In particular,we focus on discussion of multiparameter optical field regulation and potential applications in system performance enhancement.By designing nanostructured arrays with specific geometries,metasurfaces can be used to effectively manipulate parameters including phase,amplitude,and polarization,thereby enabling the switching,transmission,testing,analysis,and processing of optical signals.Notably,the introduction of phase-change materials offers a novel approach that allows metasurfaces to achieve more flexible wireless-optical switching at higher speeds.In wireless-optical communication systems,multiplexing of the different degrees of freedom of the light beams can improve the data transmission capacity and rate significantly.Finally,we present our own metasurface design with its unique passive parallel beam splitting capacity,and we demonstrate the superiority of this design in applications including wireless-optical inter-rack connections in data centers and industrial inspection based on optical crossconnectors.展开更多
Objective:This study aims to explore the physical mechanism underlying dual-source dual-energy CT multi-parameter imaging,establish a standardized calibration workflow for core region of interest(ROI)parameters of pul...Objective:This study aims to explore the physical mechanism underlying dual-source dual-energy CT multi-parameter imaging,establish a standardized calibration workflow for core region of interest(ROI)parameters of pulmonary nodules,including iodine concentration(IC)and effective atomic number(Zeff),and validate the calibration accuracy and clinical diagnostic efficacy for the qualitative differentiation of benign and malignant pulmonary nodules.Methods:According to the hardware characteristics of dual-source CT(80 kVp/140 kVp and100 k Vp/Sn140 kVp dual-energy scanning protocols)and the linear basis material decomposition algorithm,the computational formulas for IC and Zeff were systematically derived.The entire dual-energy CT scanning procedure was digitally reproduced via GATE-based Monte Carlo simulation,and the independent and combined effects of spectral overlap and scattering artifacts on quantitative imaging parameters were quantitatively analyzed.A total of 78 patients with pulmonary nodules(39 benign and39 malignant cases)and 20 healthy volunteers were enrolled in this study.All participants underwent contrast-enhanced dual-energy CT scanning.A combined manual and semi-automatic strategy was adopted for pulmonary nodule ROI delineation to acquire the mean values and variation coefficients of IC and Zeff.With postoperative or biopsy pathological results as the gold standard,the differences in dual-energy quantitative parameters between benign and malignant nodules were compared.Targeting the primary error sources including spectral distortion and ROI delineation deviation,a Monte Carlo-based parameter calibration algorithm was constructed to optimize the weighting coefficients of basis material decomposition and refine the threshold of ROI segmentation.Results:The quantitative accuracy of dualenergy CT-derived IC and Zeff was predominantly compromised by spectral overlap and scattering artifacts.Spectral overlap contributed to approximately 40%of total IC measurement errors and 35%of total Zeff errors,while scattering artifacts accounted for 30%of errors for both parameters.The proposed calibration algorithm reduced the IC measurement error from 8.2%to 2.9%and the Zeff measurement error from5.1%to 1.8%.After calibration,malignant pulmonary nodules presented significantly higher IC values[(4.2±1.1)mg/mL]and lower Zeff values(7.8±0.3)than benign nodules[(2.1±0.6)mg/mL,8.5±0.4,P<0.001].Conclusion:Spectral overlap and scattering artifacts are the dominant systematic and random errors affecting the quantitative reliability of dual-source dual-energy CT multi-parameter imaging.The GATE Monte Carlo-based calibration algorithm can substantially improve the measurement accuracy and repeatability of pulmonary nodule ROI parameters,providing a standardized technical reference for clinical quantitative imaging and qualitative diagnosis of pulmonary nodules.展开更多
Objective: To explore the diagnostic efficacy of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) in breast cancer and clarify the correlation between its quantitative parameters and tumor pathological features, so ...Objective: To explore the diagnostic efficacy of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) in breast cancer and clarify the correlation between its quantitative parameters and tumor pathological features, so as to provide evidence for early diagnosis and individualized clinical treatment. Methods: A total of 320 patients with breast nodules confirmed by pathological biopsy were retrospectively analyzed, including 160 malignant and 160 benign lesions. All patients completed standardized mpMRI scanning. Key quantitative parameters including ADC, TIC type, MaxSlope and EER were compared between the two groups. The relationships between mpMRI parameters and breast cancer differentiation, lymph node metastasis and molecular subtypes were further analyzed. Results: The malignant group had significantly lower ADC values, higher MaxSlope and EER than the benign group (P<0.05). Type III TIC curves dominated malignant lesions, while benign lesions were mostly type I and II curves (P<0.05). Low ADC and high MaxSlope were closely correlated with poor differentiation, lymph node metastasis and high-risk molecular subtypes of breast cancer. Compared with single parameters, combined mpMRI diagnosis achieved significantly higher AUC, sensitivity and specificity (P<0.05). Conclusion: MpMRI quantitative parameters have high value for differentiating benign and malignant breast lesions, and closely correlate with key pathological characteristics of breast cancer. Multiparameter combined analysis effectively improves diagnostic accuracy, which can guide clinical individualized treatment.展开更多
Battery safety has emerged as a critical challenge for achieving carbon neutrality,driven by the increasing frequency of thermal runaway incidents in electric vehicles(EVs)and stationary energy storage systems(ESSs).C...Battery safety has emerged as a critical challenge for achieving carbon neutrality,driven by the increasing frequency of thermal runaway incidents in electric vehicles(EVs)and stationary energy storage systems(ESSs).Conventional battery monitoring technologies struggle to track multiple physicochemical parameters in real time,hindering early hazard detection.Embedded optical fiber sensors have gained prominence as a transformative solution for next-generation smart battery sensing,owing to their micrometer size,multiplexing capability,and electromagnetic immunity.However,comprehensive reviews focusing on their advancements in operando multi-parameter monitoring remain scarce,despite their critical importance for ensuring battery safety.To address this gap,this review first introduces a classification and the fundamental principles of advanced battery-oriented optical fiber sensors.Subsequently,it summarizes recent developments in single-parameter battery monitoring using optical fiber sensors.Building on this foundation,this review presents the first comprehensive analysis of multifunctional optical fiber sensing platforms capable of simultaneously tracking temperature,strain,pressure,refractive index,and monitoring battery aging.Targeted strategies are proposed to facilitate the practical development of this technology,including optimization of sensor integration techniques,minimizing sensor invasiveness,resolving the cross-sensitivity of fiber Bragg grating(FBG)through structural innovation,enhancing techno-economics,and combining with artificial intelligence(AI).By aligning academic research with industry requirements,this review provides a methodological roadmap for developing robust optical sensing systems to ensure battery safety in decarbonization-driven applications.展开更多
Based on waveform fitting,full waveform inversion(FWI)is an important inversion method with the ability to reconstruct multi-parameter models in high precision.However,the strong nonlinear equation used in FWI present...Based on waveform fitting,full waveform inversion(FWI)is an important inversion method with the ability to reconstruct multi-parameter models in high precision.However,the strong nonlinear equation used in FWI presents the following challenges,such as low convergence efficiency,high dependence on the initial model,and the energy imbalance in deep region of the inverted model.To solve these inherent problems,we develop a timedomain elastic FWI method based on gradient preconditioning with the following details:(1)the limited memory Broyden Fletcher Goldfarb Shanno method with faster convergence is adopted to im-prove the inversion stability;(2)a multi-scaled inversion strategy is used to alleviate the nonlinear inversion instead of falling into the local minimum;(3)in addition,the pseudo-Hessian preconditioned illumination operator is involved for preconditioning the parameter gradients to improve the illumination equilibrium degree of deep structures.Based on the programming implementation of the new method,a deep depression model with five diffractors is used for testing.Compared with the conventional elastic FWI method,the technique proposed by this study has better effectiveness and accuracy on the inversion effect and con-vergence,respectively.展开更多
Under sensorless control, the position estimation error in interior permanent magnet(PM) synchronous machines will lead to parameter identification errors and a rank-deficiency issue. This paper proposes a parameter i...Under sensorless control, the position estimation error in interior permanent magnet(PM) synchronous machines will lead to parameter identification errors and a rank-deficiency issue. This paper proposes a parameter identification model that is independent of position error by combining the dq-axis voltage equations. Then, a novel dual signal alternate injection method is proposed to address the rank-deficiency issue, i.e., during one injection period, a zero, positive, and negative d-axis current injection together with a rotor position offset injection, to simultaneously identify the multi-parameters, including stator resistance, dq-axis inductances, and PM flux linkage. The proposed method is verified by experiments at different dq-axis current conditions.展开更多
Multi-parameter quantum estimation has attracted considerable attention due to its broad applications.Due to the complexity of quantum dynamics,existing research places significant emphasis on estimating parameters in...Multi-parameter quantum estimation has attracted considerable attention due to its broad applications.Due to the complexity of quantum dynamics,existing research places significant emphasis on estimating parameters in time-independent Hamiltonians.Here,our work makes an effort to explore multi-parameter estimation with time-dependent Hamiltonians.In particular,we focus on the discrimination of two close frequencies of a magnetic field by using a single qubit.We optimize the quantum controls by employing both traditional optimization methods and reinforcement learning to improve the precision for estimating the frequencies of the two magnetic fields.In addition to the estimation precision,we also evaluate the robustness of the optimization schemes against the shift of the control parameters.The results demonstrate that the hybrid reinforcement learning approach achieves the highest estimation precision,and exhibits superior robustness.Moreover,a fundamental challenge in multi-parameter quantum estimation stems from the incompatibility of the optimal control strategies for different parameters.We demonstrate that the hybrid control strategies derived through numerical optimization remain effective in enhancing the precision of multi-parameter estimation in spite of the incompatibilities,thereby mitigating incompatibilities between control strategies on the estimation precision.Finally,we investigate the trade-offs in estimation precision among different parameters for different scenarios,revealing the inherent challenges in balancing the optimization of multiple parameters simultaneously and providing insights into the fundamental distinction between quantum single-parameter estimation and multi-parameter estimation.展开更多
In this paper,we introduce the definition of a multi-parameter fractional Lévy process and its local time,and show its decomposition.Using the decomposition,we prove existence and joint continuity of its local time.
In this article,the multi-parameters Mittag-Leffler function is studied in detail.As a consequence,a series of novel results such as the integral representation,series representation and Mellin transform to the above ...In this article,the multi-parameters Mittag-Leffler function is studied in detail.As a consequence,a series of novel results such as the integral representation,series representation and Mellin transform to the above function,are obtained.Especially,we associate the multi-parameters Mittag-Leffler function with two special functions which are the generalized Wright hypergeometric and the Fox’s-H functions.Meanwhile,some interesting integral operators and derivative operators of this function,are also discussed.展开更多
Rock bursts have become one of the most severe risks in underground coal mining and its early warning is an important component in the safety management. Microseismic(MS) monitoring is considered potentially as a powe...Rock bursts have become one of the most severe risks in underground coal mining and its early warning is an important component in the safety management. Microseismic(MS) monitoring is considered potentially as a powerful tool for the early warning of rock burst. In this study, an MS multi-parameter index system was established and the critical values of each index were estimated based on the normalized multi-information warning model of coal-rock dynamic failure. This index system includes bursting strain energy(BSE) index, time-space-magnitude independent information(TSMII) indices and timespace-magnitude compound information(TSMCI) indices. On the basis of this multi-parameter index system, a comprehensive analysis was conducted via introducing the R-value scoring method to calculate the weights of each index. To calibrate the multi-parameter index system and the associated comprehensive analysis, the weights of each index were first confirmed using historical MS data occurred in LW402102 of Hujiahe Coal Mine(China) over a period of four months. This calibrated comprehensive analysis of MS multi-parameter index system was then applied to pre-warn the occurrence of a subsequent rock burst incident in LW 402103. The results demonstrate that this multi-parameter index system combined with the comprehensive analysis are capable of quantitatively pre-warning rock burst risk.展开更多
AIM In our previous study, we have built a nine-gene(GPC3, HGF, ANXA1, FOS, SPAG9, HSPA1 B, CXCR4, PFN1, and CALR) expression detection system based on the Ge XP system. Based on peripheral blood and Ge XP, we aimed t...AIM In our previous study, we have built a nine-gene(GPC3, HGF, ANXA1, FOS, SPAG9, HSPA1 B, CXCR4, PFN1, and CALR) expression detection system based on the Ge XP system. Based on peripheral blood and Ge XP, we aimed to analyze the results of genes expression by different multi-parameter analysis methods and build a diagnostic model to classify hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) patients and healthy people.METHODS Logistic regression analysis, discriminant analysis, classification tree analysis, and artificial neural network were used for the multi-parameter gene expression analysis method. One hundred and three patients with early HCC and 54 age-matched healthy normal controls were used to build a diagnostic model. Fiftytwo patients with early HCC and 34 healthy people were used for validation. The area under the curve, sensitivity, and specificity were used as diagnostic indicators.RESULTS Artificial neural network of the total nine genes had the best diagnostic value, and the AUC, sensitivity, and specificity were 0.943, 98%, and 85%, respectively. At last, 52 HCC patients and 34 healthy normal controls were used for validation. The sensitivity and specificity were 96% and 86%, respectively.CONCLUSION Multi-parameter analysis methods may increase the diagnostic value compared to single factor analysis and they may be a trend of the clinical diagnosis in the future.展开更多
Electric vehicle power battery consistency is the key factor affecting the performance of power batteries. it is not scientific to evaluate the consistency of the battery depending on voltage or capacity. In this pape...Electric vehicle power battery consistency is the key factor affecting the performance of power batteries. it is not scientific to evaluate the consistency of the battery depending on voltage or capacity. In this paper, multi- parameter evaluation method for battery consistency based on principal component analysis is proposed. Firstly, the characteristic parameters of battery consistency are analyzed, the principal component score can be used as the basis for evaluating the consistency of the battery. Then, the function that multi-parameter evaluation of battery consistency is established. Finally, battery balancing strategy based on fuzzy control is developed. The basic principle of fuzzy control is to fuzzy the input quantity based on expert knowledge, and the fuzzy control auantitv is obtained bv fuzzy control rule_ Th~ re.~nlt.~ ~ro v^rlfiocl hv t,~t展开更多
The significant increase in speed of high-speed train will cause the dynamic contact force of the pantograph-catenary system to fluctuate more severely,which poses a challenge to the study of the pantograph-catenary r...The significant increase in speed of high-speed train will cause the dynamic contact force of the pantograph-catenary system to fluctuate more severely,which poses a challenge to the study of the pantograph-catenary relationship and the design of highspeed pantographs.Good pantograph-catenary coupling quality is the essential condition to ensure safe and efficient operation of high-speed train,stable and reliable current collection,and reduction in the wear of contact wires and pantograph contact strips.Among them,the dynamic parameters of high-speed pantographs are crucial to pantograph-catenary coupling quality.With the reduction of the standard deviation of the pantograph-catenary contact force as the optimization goal,multi-parameter joint optimization designs for the high-speed pantograph with two contact strips at multiple running speeds are proposed.Moreover,combining the sensitivity analysis at the optimal solutions,with the parameters and characteristics of in-service DSA380 highspeed pantograph,the optimization proposal of DSA380 was given.展开更多
An algorithm of highly maneuvering target tracking is proposed to solve the problem of large tracking error caused by strong maneuver. In this algorithm, a new estimator, named as multi-parameter fusion Singer (MF-Sin...An algorithm of highly maneuvering target tracking is proposed to solve the problem of large tracking error caused by strong maneuver. In this algorithm, a new estimator, named as multi-parameter fusion Singer (MF-Singer) model is derived based on the Singer model and the fuzzy reasoning method by using radial acceleration and velocity of the target, and applied to the problem of maneuvering target tracking in strong maneuvering environment and operating environment. The tracking performance of the MF-Singer model is evaluated and compared with other manuevering tracking models. It is shown that the MF-Singer model outperforms these algorithms in several examples.展开更多
To obtain the interaction characteristics between Internal solitary waves(ISWs)and submerged bodies,a three-dimensional numerical model for simulating ISWs was established in the present study based on the RANS equati...To obtain the interaction characteristics between Internal solitary waves(ISWs)and submerged bodies,a three-dimensional numerical model for simulating ISWs was established in the present study based on the RANS equation.The velocity entrance method was adopted to generate the ISWs.First,the reliability of this numerical model was validated by comparing it with theoretical and literature results.Then,the influence of environmental and navigation parameters on interactions between ISWs and a fixed SUBOFF-submerged body was studied.According to research,the hydrodynamic performance of the submerged body has been significantly impacted by the ISWs when the body is nearing the central region of the wave.Besides,the pitching moment(y')will predominate when the body encounters the ISWs at a certain angle between 0°and 180°,and the lateral force is larger than the horizontal force.Additionally,the magnitude of the force acting on the body is mostly affected by the wave amplitude.The variation of the vertical force is the main way that ISWs affect the hydrodynamic performance of the bodies.The investigations and findings discussed above can serve as a guide to forecast how ISWs will interact with submerged bodies.展开更多
Though atomic decomposition is a very useful tool for studying the boundedness on Hardy spaces for some sublinear operators,untill now,the boundedness of operators on weighted Hardy spaces in a multi-parameter setting...Though atomic decomposition is a very useful tool for studying the boundedness on Hardy spaces for some sublinear operators,untill now,the boundedness of operators on weighted Hardy spaces in a multi-parameter setting has been established only by almost orthogonality estimates.In this paper,we mainly establish the boundedness on weighted multi-parameter local Hardy spaces via atomic decomposition.展开更多
Temporal and spatial anomalies associated with the Yushu earthquake, including the Outgoing Longwave Radiation( OLR), the Land Surface Temperature( LST) and surface temperature from the National Center for Environment...Temporal and spatial anomalies associated with the Yushu earthquake, including the Outgoing Longwave Radiation( OLR), the Land Surface Temperature( LST) and surface temperature from the National Center for Environmental Prediction( NCEP) are studied using thermal infrared remote sensing data in this paper. All results confirmed the previous observations of thermal anomalies in the seismic region prior to this earthquake.Among the multi-parameter anomalies, the underground water temperature anomaly appeared first and lasted for the longest time; OLR anomaly,an infrared parameter which indicates the radiation characteristics of the land surface medium,was the first to be detected; LST anomalies appeared later than OLR. NCEP temperature indicates the average atmosphere temperature with a certain vertical thickness; therefore,it was the last detected anomaly. The anomalies of OLR and LST lasted for a similar time length and were all located in the south or southwest of the epicenter.展开更多
Applications of certain multi-parameter acceleration techniques used with themodified New-ton-Raphson (mN-R) methods to solve the nonlinear equations arising from rigid-plasticfinite element analysis are investigated....Applications of certain multi-parameter acceleration techniques used with themodified New-ton-Raphson (mN-R) methods to solve the nonlinear equations arising from rigid-plasticfinite element analysis are investigated. New modified multi-parameter techniques, developed fromCrisfield's multi-parameter methods, are utilized to solve these nonlinear equations. The numericalperformance of these techniques is compared with the standard Newton-Raphson method (sN-R),Crisfield's single parameter method (C1), Crisfield's two parameter method (C2) and Crisfield'sthree parameter method (C3). The new techniques do not involve additional residual force calculationand require little extra computational effort. In addition, they are more robust and efficient thanother existing acceleration techniques.展开更多
This paper employs a multi-parameter multi-step chaos control method, which is built up on the OGY method, to stabilize desirable UPOs of a gear system with elastomeric web as a high-dimensional and non-hyperbolic cha...This paper employs a multi-parameter multi-step chaos control method, which is built up on the OGY method, to stabilize desirable UPOs of a gear system with elastomeric web as a high-dimensional and non-hyperbolic chaotic system, and the analyses are carried out. Three types of relations between components of a certain control parameter combination are defined in a certain control process. Special emphasis is put on the comparison of control efficiencies of the multi-parameter multi-step method and single-parameter multi-step method. The numerical experiments show the ability to switch between different orbits and the method can be a good chaos control alternative since it provides a more effective UPOs stabilization of high-dimensional and non-hyperbolic chaotic systems than the single-parameter chaos control, and according to the relation between components of each parameter combination, the best combination for chaos control in a certain UPO stabilization process are obtained.展开更多
The multi-parameter inverse scattering problem of elastic waveequation with single fre- quency is investigated within Bornapproximation. By use of a wideband measuring scheme in which bothtransmitters and receivers sc...The multi-parameter inverse scattering problem of elastic waveequation with single fre- quency is investigated within Bornapproximation. By use of a wideband measuring scheme in which bothtransmitters and receivers scan over the half-space surface, theformula of the scattering field of elastic wave is derived. Fourtypes of mode conversion of elastic wave(P→P, P→S, S→P, S→S)areseparated from the scattering field. These components containsufficient information for usto recon- struct the configuration ofthe density and Lame parameters of the medium.展开更多
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 62222103,Grant U24B20134,Grant 62071076,Grant 62205043,Grant 62221005,and Grant 62075024in part by the Chongqing Municipal Education Commission under Grant CXQT21019 and KJZD-K202400608+2 种基金in part by the Youth Project of Science and Technology Research Program of Chongqing Education Commission of China under Grant KJQN202400620in part by the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing under Grant CSTB2022NSCQMSX1334 and CSTB2024NSCQ-MSX1092in part by the Guangxi Key Laboratory of Automatic Detecting Technology and Instruments under Grant YQ24209。
摘要This review provides a comprehensive survey of the most recent developments in metasurfaces for applications in domains including wireless-optical switching and communications.In particular,we focus on discussion of multiparameter optical field regulation and potential applications in system performance enhancement.By designing nanostructured arrays with specific geometries,metasurfaces can be used to effectively manipulate parameters including phase,amplitude,and polarization,thereby enabling the switching,transmission,testing,analysis,and processing of optical signals.Notably,the introduction of phase-change materials offers a novel approach that allows metasurfaces to achieve more flexible wireless-optical switching at higher speeds.In wireless-optical communication systems,multiplexing of the different degrees of freedom of the light beams can improve the data transmission capacity and rate significantly.Finally,we present our own metasurface design with its unique passive parallel beam splitting capacity,and we demonstrate the superiority of this design in applications including wireless-optical inter-rack connections in data centers and industrial inspection based on optical crossconnectors.
摘要Objective:This study aims to explore the physical mechanism underlying dual-source dual-energy CT multi-parameter imaging,establish a standardized calibration workflow for core region of interest(ROI)parameters of pulmonary nodules,including iodine concentration(IC)and effective atomic number(Zeff),and validate the calibration accuracy and clinical diagnostic efficacy for the qualitative differentiation of benign and malignant pulmonary nodules.Methods:According to the hardware characteristics of dual-source CT(80 kVp/140 kVp and100 k Vp/Sn140 kVp dual-energy scanning protocols)and the linear basis material decomposition algorithm,the computational formulas for IC and Zeff were systematically derived.The entire dual-energy CT scanning procedure was digitally reproduced via GATE-based Monte Carlo simulation,and the independent and combined effects of spectral overlap and scattering artifacts on quantitative imaging parameters were quantitatively analyzed.A total of 78 patients with pulmonary nodules(39 benign and39 malignant cases)and 20 healthy volunteers were enrolled in this study.All participants underwent contrast-enhanced dual-energy CT scanning.A combined manual and semi-automatic strategy was adopted for pulmonary nodule ROI delineation to acquire the mean values and variation coefficients of IC and Zeff.With postoperative or biopsy pathological results as the gold standard,the differences in dual-energy quantitative parameters between benign and malignant nodules were compared.Targeting the primary error sources including spectral distortion and ROI delineation deviation,a Monte Carlo-based parameter calibration algorithm was constructed to optimize the weighting coefficients of basis material decomposition and refine the threshold of ROI segmentation.Results:The quantitative accuracy of dualenergy CT-derived IC and Zeff was predominantly compromised by spectral overlap and scattering artifacts.Spectral overlap contributed to approximately 40%of total IC measurement errors and 35%of total Zeff errors,while scattering artifacts accounted for 30%of errors for both parameters.The proposed calibration algorithm reduced the IC measurement error from 8.2%to 2.9%and the Zeff measurement error from5.1%to 1.8%.After calibration,malignant pulmonary nodules presented significantly higher IC values[(4.2±1.1)mg/mL]and lower Zeff values(7.8±0.3)than benign nodules[(2.1±0.6)mg/mL,8.5±0.4,P<0.001].Conclusion:Spectral overlap and scattering artifacts are the dominant systematic and random errors affecting the quantitative reliability of dual-source dual-energy CT multi-parameter imaging.The GATE Monte Carlo-based calibration algorithm can substantially improve the measurement accuracy and repeatability of pulmonary nodule ROI parameters,providing a standardized technical reference for clinical quantitative imaging and qualitative diagnosis of pulmonary nodules.
摘要Objective: To explore the diagnostic efficacy of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) in breast cancer and clarify the correlation between its quantitative parameters and tumor pathological features, so as to provide evidence for early diagnosis and individualized clinical treatment. Methods: A total of 320 patients with breast nodules confirmed by pathological biopsy were retrospectively analyzed, including 160 malignant and 160 benign lesions. All patients completed standardized mpMRI scanning. Key quantitative parameters including ADC, TIC type, MaxSlope and EER were compared between the two groups. The relationships between mpMRI parameters and breast cancer differentiation, lymph node metastasis and molecular subtypes were further analyzed. Results: The malignant group had significantly lower ADC values, higher MaxSlope and EER than the benign group (P<0.05). Type III TIC curves dominated malignant lesions, while benign lesions were mostly type I and II curves (P<0.05). Low ADC and high MaxSlope were closely correlated with poor differentiation, lymph node metastasis and high-risk molecular subtypes of breast cancer. Compared with single parameters, combined mpMRI diagnosis achieved significantly higher AUC, sensitivity and specificity (P<0.05). Conclusion: MpMRI quantitative parameters have high value for differentiating benign and malignant breast lesions, and closely correlate with key pathological characteristics of breast cancer. Multiparameter combined analysis effectively improves diagnostic accuracy, which can guide clinical individualized treatment.
基金the financial supports of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52372200)a project supported by the State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control for Aerospace Structures(No.MCAS-S-0324G01)。
摘要Battery safety has emerged as a critical challenge for achieving carbon neutrality,driven by the increasing frequency of thermal runaway incidents in electric vehicles(EVs)and stationary energy storage systems(ESSs).Conventional battery monitoring technologies struggle to track multiple physicochemical parameters in real time,hindering early hazard detection.Embedded optical fiber sensors have gained prominence as a transformative solution for next-generation smart battery sensing,owing to their micrometer size,multiplexing capability,and electromagnetic immunity.However,comprehensive reviews focusing on their advancements in operando multi-parameter monitoring remain scarce,despite their critical importance for ensuring battery safety.To address this gap,this review first introduces a classification and the fundamental principles of advanced battery-oriented optical fiber sensors.Subsequently,it summarizes recent developments in single-parameter battery monitoring using optical fiber sensors.Building on this foundation,this review presents the first comprehensive analysis of multifunctional optical fiber sensing platforms capable of simultaneously tracking temperature,strain,pressure,refractive index,and monitoring battery aging.Targeted strategies are proposed to facilitate the practical development of this technology,including optimization of sensor integration techniques,minimizing sensor invasiveness,resolving the cross-sensitivity of fiber Bragg grating(FBG)through structural innovation,enhancing techno-economics,and combining with artificial intelligence(AI).By aligning academic research with industry requirements,this review provides a methodological roadmap for developing robust optical sensing systems to ensure battery safety in decarbonization-driven applications.
基金supported by the Marine S&T Fund of Shandong Province for Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao)(Grant No.2021QNLM020001)the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2019YFC0605503C)+2 种基金the Major Scientific and Technological Projects of China National Petroleum Corporation(CNPC)(Grant No.ZD2019-183-003)the National Outstanding Youth Science Foundation(Grant No.41922028)the National Innovation Group Project(Grant No.41821002).
摘要Based on waveform fitting,full waveform inversion(FWI)is an important inversion method with the ability to reconstruct multi-parameter models in high precision.However,the strong nonlinear equation used in FWI presents the following challenges,such as low convergence efficiency,high dependence on the initial model,and the energy imbalance in deep region of the inverted model.To solve these inherent problems,we develop a timedomain elastic FWI method based on gradient preconditioning with the following details:(1)the limited memory Broyden Fletcher Goldfarb Shanno method with faster convergence is adopted to im-prove the inversion stability;(2)a multi-scaled inversion strategy is used to alleviate the nonlinear inversion instead of falling into the local minimum;(3)in addition,the pseudo-Hessian preconditioned illumination operator is involved for preconditioning the parameter gradients to improve the illumination equilibrium degree of deep structures.Based on the programming implementation of the new method,a deep depression model with five diffractors is used for testing.Compared with the conventional elastic FWI method,the technique proposed by this study has better effectiveness and accuracy on the inversion effect and con-vergence,respectively.
摘要Under sensorless control, the position estimation error in interior permanent magnet(PM) synchronous machines will lead to parameter identification errors and a rank-deficiency issue. This paper proposes a parameter identification model that is independent of position error by combining the dq-axis voltage equations. Then, a novel dual signal alternate injection method is proposed to address the rank-deficiency issue, i.e., during one injection period, a zero, positive, and negative d-axis current injection together with a rotor position offset injection, to simultaneously identify the multi-parameters, including stator resistance, dq-axis inductances, and PM flux linkage. The proposed method is verified by experiments at different dq-axis current conditions.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12075323)the Innovation Program for Quantum Science and Technology(Grant No.2021ZD0300702).
摘要Multi-parameter quantum estimation has attracted considerable attention due to its broad applications.Due to the complexity of quantum dynamics,existing research places significant emphasis on estimating parameters in time-independent Hamiltonians.Here,our work makes an effort to explore multi-parameter estimation with time-dependent Hamiltonians.In particular,we focus on the discrimination of two close frequencies of a magnetic field by using a single qubit.We optimize the quantum controls by employing both traditional optimization methods and reinforcement learning to improve the precision for estimating the frequencies of the two magnetic fields.In addition to the estimation precision,we also evaluate the robustness of the optimization schemes against the shift of the control parameters.The results demonstrate that the hybrid reinforcement learning approach achieves the highest estimation precision,and exhibits superior robustness.Moreover,a fundamental challenge in multi-parameter quantum estimation stems from the incompatibility of the optimal control strategies for different parameters.We demonstrate that the hybrid control strategies derived through numerical optimization remain effective in enhancing the precision of multi-parameter estimation in spite of the incompatibilities,thereby mitigating incompatibilities between control strategies on the estimation precision.Finally,we investigate the trade-offs in estimation precision among different parameters for different scenarios,revealing the inherent challenges in balancing the optimization of multiple parameters simultaneously and providing insights into the fundamental distinction between quantum single-parameter estimation and multi-parameter estimation.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.10871177)the Ph.D.Programs Foundation of Ministry of Education of China(No.20060335032)the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province of China(No.Y7080044)
摘要In this paper,we introduce the definition of a multi-parameter fractional Lévy process and its local time,and show its decomposition.Using the decomposition,we prove existence and joint continuity of its local time.
基金Supported by The National Undergraduate Innovation Training Program(Grant No.202310290069Z).
摘要In this article,the multi-parameters Mittag-Leffler function is studied in detail.As a consequence,a series of novel results such as the integral representation,series representation and Mellin transform to the above function,are obtained.Especially,we associate the multi-parameters Mittag-Leffler function with two special functions which are the generalized Wright hypergeometric and the Fox’s-H functions.Meanwhile,some interesting integral operators and derivative operators of this function,are also discussed.
基金provided by the State Key Research Development Program of China (No.2016YFC0801403)Key Research Development Program of Jiangsu Provence (No.BE2015040)+1 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.51674253,51734009 and 51604270)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (No.BK20171191)
摘要Rock bursts have become one of the most severe risks in underground coal mining and its early warning is an important component in the safety management. Microseismic(MS) monitoring is considered potentially as a powerful tool for the early warning of rock burst. In this study, an MS multi-parameter index system was established and the critical values of each index were estimated based on the normalized multi-information warning model of coal-rock dynamic failure. This index system includes bursting strain energy(BSE) index, time-space-magnitude independent information(TSMII) indices and timespace-magnitude compound information(TSMCI) indices. On the basis of this multi-parameter index system, a comprehensive analysis was conducted via introducing the R-value scoring method to calculate the weights of each index. To calibrate the multi-parameter index system and the associated comprehensive analysis, the weights of each index were first confirmed using historical MS data occurred in LW402102 of Hujiahe Coal Mine(China) over a period of four months. This calibrated comprehensive analysis of MS multi-parameter index system was then applied to pre-warn the occurrence of a subsequent rock burst incident in LW 402103. The results demonstrate that this multi-parameter index system combined with the comprehensive analysis are capable of quantitatively pre-warning rock burst risk.
基金National Key R&D Program of China,No.2016YFC0106604National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81471761 and No.81501568
摘要AIM In our previous study, we have built a nine-gene(GPC3, HGF, ANXA1, FOS, SPAG9, HSPA1 B, CXCR4, PFN1, and CALR) expression detection system based on the Ge XP system. Based on peripheral blood and Ge XP, we aimed to analyze the results of genes expression by different multi-parameter analysis methods and build a diagnostic model to classify hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) patients and healthy people.METHODS Logistic regression analysis, discriminant analysis, classification tree analysis, and artificial neural network were used for the multi-parameter gene expression analysis method. One hundred and three patients with early HCC and 54 age-matched healthy normal controls were used to build a diagnostic model. Fiftytwo patients with early HCC and 34 healthy people were used for validation. The area under the curve, sensitivity, and specificity were used as diagnostic indicators.RESULTS Artificial neural network of the total nine genes had the best diagnostic value, and the AUC, sensitivity, and specificity were 0.943, 98%, and 85%, respectively. At last, 52 HCC patients and 34 healthy normal controls were used for validation. The sensitivity and specificity were 96% and 86%, respectively.CONCLUSION Multi-parameter analysis methods may increase the diagnostic value compared to single factor analysis and they may be a trend of the clinical diagnosis in the future.
基金the Special Research Fund for the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2016YFB0100107)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51677183)
摘要Electric vehicle power battery consistency is the key factor affecting the performance of power batteries. it is not scientific to evaluate the consistency of the battery depending on voltage or capacity. In this paper, multi- parameter evaluation method for battery consistency based on principal component analysis is proposed. Firstly, the characteristic parameters of battery consistency are analyzed, the principal component score can be used as the basis for evaluating the consistency of the battery. Then, the function that multi-parameter evaluation of battery consistency is established. Finally, battery balancing strategy based on fuzzy control is developed. The basic principle of fuzzy control is to fuzzy the input quantity based on expert knowledge, and the fuzzy control auantitv is obtained bv fuzzy control rule_ Th~ re.~nlt.~ ~ro v^rlfiocl hv t,~t
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11672297)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.XDB22020200).
摘要The significant increase in speed of high-speed train will cause the dynamic contact force of the pantograph-catenary system to fluctuate more severely,which poses a challenge to the study of the pantograph-catenary relationship and the design of highspeed pantographs.Good pantograph-catenary coupling quality is the essential condition to ensure safe and efficient operation of high-speed train,stable and reliable current collection,and reduction in the wear of contact wires and pantograph contact strips.Among them,the dynamic parameters of high-speed pantographs are crucial to pantograph-catenary coupling quality.With the reduction of the standard deviation of the pantograph-catenary contact force as the optimization goal,multi-parameter joint optimization designs for the high-speed pantograph with two contact strips at multiple running speeds are proposed.Moreover,combining the sensitivity analysis at the optimal solutions,with the parameters and characteristics of in-service DSA380 highspeed pantograph,the optimization proposal of DSA380 was given.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(6153102061471383)
摘要An algorithm of highly maneuvering target tracking is proposed to solve the problem of large tracking error caused by strong maneuver. In this algorithm, a new estimator, named as multi-parameter fusion Singer (MF-Singer) model is derived based on the Singer model and the fuzzy reasoning method by using radial acceleration and velocity of the target, and applied to the problem of maneuvering target tracking in strong maneuvering environment and operating environment. The tracking performance of the MF-Singer model is evaluated and compared with other manuevering tracking models. It is shown that the MF-Singer model outperforms these algorithms in several examples.
基金financially supported by the Shandong Province Taishan Scholars Project (Grant No.tsqn201909172)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant No.HIT.OCEF.2021037)+1 种基金the University Young Innovational Team Program,Shandong Province (Grant No.2019KJB004)the China Scholarship Council (Grant No.202106120123)。
摘要To obtain the interaction characteristics between Internal solitary waves(ISWs)and submerged bodies,a three-dimensional numerical model for simulating ISWs was established in the present study based on the RANS equation.The velocity entrance method was adopted to generate the ISWs.First,the reliability of this numerical model was validated by comparing it with theoretical and literature results.Then,the influence of environmental and navigation parameters on interactions between ISWs and a fixed SUBOFF-submerged body was studied.According to research,the hydrodynamic performance of the submerged body has been significantly impacted by the ISWs when the body is nearing the central region of the wave.Besides,the pitching moment(y')will predominate when the body encounters the ISWs at a certain angle between 0°and 180°,and the lateral force is larger than the horizontal force.Additionally,the magnitude of the force acting on the body is mostly affected by the wave amplitude.The variation of the vertical force is the main way that ISWs affect the hydrodynamic performance of the bodies.The investigations and findings discussed above can serve as a guide to forecast how ISWs will interact with submerged bodies.
摘要Though atomic decomposition is a very useful tool for studying the boundedness on Hardy spaces for some sublinear operators,untill now,the boundedness of operators on weighted Hardy spaces in a multi-parameter setting has been established only by almost orthogonality estimates.In this paper,we mainly establish the boundedness on weighted multi-parameter local Hardy spaces via atomic decomposition.
基金supported by the project of 2017 Directional Task of Earthquake Tracking of CEA(Grant No.2017010406)the project of Youth Foundation of CENC(Grant No.QNJJ201603)
摘要Temporal and spatial anomalies associated with the Yushu earthquake, including the Outgoing Longwave Radiation( OLR), the Land Surface Temperature( LST) and surface temperature from the National Center for Environmental Prediction( NCEP) are studied using thermal infrared remote sensing data in this paper. All results confirmed the previous observations of thermal anomalies in the seismic region prior to this earthquake.Among the multi-parameter anomalies, the underground water temperature anomaly appeared first and lasted for the longest time; OLR anomaly,an infrared parameter which indicates the radiation characteristics of the land surface medium,was the first to be detected; LST anomalies appeared later than OLR. NCEP temperature indicates the average atmosphere temperature with a certain vertical thickness; therefore,it was the last detected anomaly. The anomalies of OLR and LST lasted for a similar time length and were all located in the south or southwest of the epicenter.
摘要Applications of certain multi-parameter acceleration techniques used with themodified New-ton-Raphson (mN-R) methods to solve the nonlinear equations arising from rigid-plasticfinite element analysis are investigated. New modified multi-parameter techniques, developed fromCrisfield's multi-parameter methods, are utilized to solve these nonlinear equations. The numericalperformance of these techniques is compared with the standard Newton-Raphson method (sN-R),Crisfield's single parameter method (C1), Crisfield's two parameter method (C2) and Crisfield'sthree parameter method (C3). The new techniques do not involve additional residual force calculationand require little extra computational effort. In addition, they are more robust and efficient thanother existing acceleration techniques.
基金Sponsored by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2009AA04Z404)
摘要This paper employs a multi-parameter multi-step chaos control method, which is built up on the OGY method, to stabilize desirable UPOs of a gear system with elastomeric web as a high-dimensional and non-hyperbolic chaotic system, and the analyses are carried out. Three types of relations between components of a certain control parameter combination are defined in a certain control process. Special emphasis is put on the comparison of control efficiencies of the multi-parameter multi-step method and single-parameter multi-step method. The numerical experiments show the ability to switch between different orbits and the method can be a good chaos control alternative since it provides a more effective UPOs stabilization of high-dimensional and non-hyperbolic chaotic systems than the single-parameter chaos control, and according to the relation between components of each parameter combination, the best combination for chaos control in a certain UPO stabilization process are obtained.
基金Foundation of Ph.D Program of the State Education Commission of China
摘要The multi-parameter inverse scattering problem of elastic waveequation with single fre- quency is investigated within Bornapproximation. By use of a wideband measuring scheme in which bothtransmitters and receivers scan over the half-space surface, theformula of the scattering field of elastic wave is derived. Fourtypes of mode conversion of elastic wave(P→P, P→S, S→P, S→S)areseparated from the scattering field. These components containsufficient information for usto recon- struct the configuration ofthe density and Lame parameters of the medium.