Geographic barriers and geological historical events may play pivotal roles in driving allopatric divergence among closely related species.Here,we investigate the genomic divergence patterns and ecological niche separ...Geographic barriers and geological historical events may play pivotal roles in driving allopatric divergence among closely related species.Here,we investigate the genomic divergence patterns and ecological niche separation of the Willow Tit Poecile montanus and the Marsh Tit P.palustris species groups in China,and their ecological niche separation across East Asia.Through comprehensive genomic sequencing,population genomic analysis,and integration of public occurrence data,we unveil striking parallels in the geographic divergence patterns between these two species groups.Notably,both species exhibit multiple divergent lineages in China,with similar spatial distributions of geneflow barriers.Furthermore,our analysis reveals unique evolutionary histories in the southwestern clades of both species groups,highlighting the intricate interplay between historical distribution dynamics,ecological preferences,and genetic divergence.Our study significantly enhances our understanding of the processes underlying the diversification of closely related widespread species within the framework of shared geographical constraints,and stresses the need for a taxonomic revision.展开更多
This study introduces FTCSEM,a FORTRAN-based,parallelized one-dimensional controlledsource electromagnetic(CSEM)forward modeling and inversion software capable of accommodating arbitrary source-receiver confi guration...This study introduces FTCSEM,a FORTRAN-based,parallelized one-dimensional controlledsource electromagnetic(CSEM)forward modeling and inversion software capable of accommodating arbitrary source-receiver confi gurations.In comparison to existing one-dimensional CSEM tools,FTCSEM incorporates several signifi cant enhancements:it supports transmitters of diverse shapes,quantities,and spatial locations;permits receivers to be positioned flexibly on the surface,subsurface,or in the atmosphere;facilitates simulations and inversions in both frequency and time domains;integrates an adaptive regularized inversion algorithm with multiple model constraints;and leverages GPU-accelerated parallel computing to attain high computational efficiency.Validation through numerical experiments and field data inversion confirms the program’s accuracy and practical applicability.The findings indicate that FTCSEM performs robustly in complex geoelectric environments,multi-source and multi-receiver arrangements,as well as multi-component joint inversion scenarios,thereby offering a versatile and powerful tool for advancing CSEM research and applications.展开更多
The lifetime of piezoelectric inertial actuators(PIAs)is inherently limited by the friction-based driving mechanism,which remains a key challenge restricting commercialization.In our previous work,a long-lifetime PIA ...The lifetime of piezoelectric inertial actuators(PIAs)is inherently limited by the friction-based driving mechanism,which remains a key challenge restricting commercialization.In our previous work,a long-lifetime PIA was proposed through a wear-adaptive structural configuration.This work was optimized by employing a dual-magnet repulsive configuration with parallel driving units,in which the X and Y degrees of freedom(DOF)share a single driving foot.This design makes the actuator thinner and prevents the piezoelectric stack from experiencing tensile and shear stresses.The actuator has an overall size of 84 mm×84 mm×17 mm,providing a stroke of 52 mm for each DOF,a driving speed of approximately 10 mm/s,a vertical load capacity exceeding 10 kg,and a horizontal load capacity greater than 1 N.The closed-loop positioning accuracy reaches 20 nm.At driving frequencies up to 500 Hz,the crosstalk between the two DOFs remains below 10%.Based on previous wear experiments and simulation predictions,the operating lifetime is estimated to approach 33572 km,far exceeding the 100 km lifetime of state-of-the-art piezoelectric inertial actuators.The proposed actuator is well-suited for applications requiring frequent reciprocating motion,such as microscope sample stages.展开更多
Being renewable and readily available,solar energy has gained significant attention in addressing the global energy crisis and climate change.The efficiency of solar-energy harvesting using a concentrator depends on t...Being renewable and readily available,solar energy has gained significant attention in addressing the global energy crisis and climate change.The efficiency of solar-energy harvesting using a concentrator depends on the angle between the incident sunlight and the solar concentrator.Therefore,a solar-energy collection system equipped with a solar tracker that follows the apparent motion of the sun offers the highest collection efficiency.In this study,a novel solar tracker with a parallel mechanism is proposed based on the line graph method.The proposed parallel solar tracker(PST) features a main column with passive movements and two UPU chains that share a common constraint.This design enhances the rotational workspace,stiffness,and load-bearing capacity of the system.To solve the forward kinematics problem of the PST efficiently and accurately,a geometric elimination method is employed,converting the three-dimensional kinematics into a simpler planar problem.This allows the forward kinematics problem to be solved analytically using planar equations.By considering key performance indices,such as the effective workspace,transmission,and manipulability,the structural parameters of the PST are optimized in two steps,thereby identifying the optimal region in the design space.Finally,the computational efficiency and accuracy of both the forward and inverse kinematic solutions for the PST with optimized structural parameters are validated,demonstrating their potential for use in real-time control systems.The proposed novel solar tracker has high stiffness and load-bearing capacity.The study provides a solid foundation for improving the efficiency of solar energy utilization.展开更多
The numerical manifold method,extensively utilized in numerical computations,faces significant challenges in generating complex manifold elements,particularly for three-dimensional applications.To overcome this challe...The numerical manifold method,extensively utilized in numerical computations,faces significant challenges in generating complex manifold elements,particularly for three-dimensional applications.To overcome this challenge,the meshfree numerical manifold method is developed by integrating the moving least-squares method into the numerical manifold method,effectively bypassing the need for meshing complex geometric objects.However,the implementation of the moving least-squares method introduces computational efficiency issues.To mitigate these,parallel computing methods have been incorporated,resulting in a tenfold increase in the speed of assembling the stiffness matrix with central processing unit parallelism,and a twentyfold increase with graphics processing unit parallelism.The static mechanical system equations for the meshfree numerical manifold method are derived using the Galerkin method.The method’s effectiveness and accuracy are then validated through a series of numerical experiments.The experiments demonstrated that the meshfree numerical manifold method achieves a high precision with minimal nodes and integration points.Additionally,positioning nodes outside the domain significantly improves computational accuracy at the boundaries.展开更多
Although supplying extensive design space,the curse of dimensionality restricts the widespread application of largescale topology optimization in practical engineering.Various acceleration techniques have been integra...Although supplying extensive design space,the curse of dimensionality restricts the widespread application of largescale topology optimization in practical engineering.Various acceleration techniques have been integrated with topology optimization,achieving significant attention and progress in large-scale problems.This work aims to investigate how much benefit can be obtained by combining parallel computing and machine learning techniques to enhance the efficiency of large-scale topology optimization algorithms.Accordingly,a parallel problem independent machine learning(PIML)-enhanced topology optimization method is proposed.The PIML model substantially reduces the dimension of the condensed stiffness matrix and its computational cost,and parallel computing reduces the workload per process and enables the application of a parallel multigrid solver.Besides,several techniques,such as matrix-free implementation,direct condensation of uniform coarse elements,and adjusting computational resource limits,have been developed to enhance computational efficiency.The weak scaling efficiency,strong scaling speedup,and maximum achievable efficiency of the proposed method are validated across multiple numerical examples,showing significant improvement in the tractable problem size and solution efficiency compared to traditional topology optimization algorithms.展开更多
A 32-channel charge-sensitive amplifier(CSA)is designed for fast timing in the delay-line readout of a parallel plate avalanche counter(PPAC)array.It is realized on a PCB with operational amplifiers and other discrete...A 32-channel charge-sensitive amplifier(CSA)is designed for fast timing in the delay-line readout of a parallel plate avalanche counter(PPAC)array.It is realized on a PCB with operational amplifiers and other discrete components.Each channel consists of an integrator,a pole-zero cancellation net,and a linear amplification stage,which can be adapted to accommodate either positive or negative input signals.The RMS equivalent input noise charges are 3.3 fC,the conversion gains are approximately±2 mV∕fC,and the intrinsic time resolution reaches 32 ps.In the prototype PPAC application,the CSA performs as well as the commercial FTA820A amplifier,providing a position resolution as good as 0.17 mm,and exhibiting reliable stability during several hours of continuous data acquisition.展开更多
Parallel machining robot is a new type of robotized equipment for high-efficiency machining structural com-ponents with complex geometries.Terminal rigidity is of great importance index for such type of equipment,whic...Parallel machining robot is a new type of robotized equipment for high-efficiency machining structural com-ponents with complex geometries.Terminal rigidity is of great importance index for such type of equipment,which affects their load capacity and working accuracy.Before a parallel machining robot can be used for heavy-load and high-efficiency machining,its terminal rigidity should be evaluated systematically.The present study is to quantitatively reveal the stiffness properties of a previously invented Z4 redundantly actuated parallel ma-chining robot(RAPMR).For this purpose,two critical issues,i.e.,stiffness modelling and index construction,are clarified to carry out stiffness evaluation of the Z4 RAPMR.Firstly,drawing on the screw theory,a semi-analytic stiffness model of the proposed RAPMR is established at a component level.Secondly,a set of virtual work-based stiffness indices is constructed to evaluate the terminal rigidity of parallel robots.Those indices have a consistent physical unit in describing linear and angular terminal rigidity.With these indices,the local and the global stiffness performance of the Z4 RAPMR are predicted.Thirdly,a laboratory prototype of the proposed RAPMR is fabricated.And the experimental test is performed to verify the correctness of the established stiffness model.The present work is expected to provide fundamental information for further light-weight design and rigidity enhancement.展开更多
Sub-Kelvin cooling technology is a critical prerequisite for high-sensitivity detection in deep space exploration and quantum computing.Operating identical sorption coolers in parallel is a common engineering approach...Sub-Kelvin cooling technology is a critical prerequisite for high-sensitivity detection in deep space exploration and quantum computing.Operating identical sorption coolers in parallel is a common engineering approach to enhance cooling capacity and extend hold time for these cryogenic platforms.However,this study reports an unexpected"symmetry breaking"phenomenon observed in a parallel Helium-4 sorption cooling system where the cold heads are connected via Oxygen-Free High Thermal Conductivity(OFHC)copper linkages.Instead of the expected uniform load sharing,the system spontaneously evolves into an asymmetric"quasi-series"operational mode.In this state,one cooler preferentially consumes its liquid helium inventory while the other remains dormant,significantly reducing system efficiency.To elucidate the underlying physics,a transient thermal-fluidic resistance network model was developed and validated against experimental data obtained from a dual-cooler test rig pre-cooled by a G-M cryocooler.Theoretical analysis reveals that this thermal locking originates from a positive feedback loop driven by the temperature-dependent thermal conductivity of the copper straps.Experimental results further demonstrate that system stability degrades significantly with increasing thermal load,with the synchronization ratio dropping from 75.3%at 0 mW to 51.3%at 3 mW.This indicates that at higher temperatures,the destabilizing gain of the thermal link overwhelms the restoring stiffness of the sorption mechanism.To address this intrinsic instability,a passive suppression strategy using a series"Ballast Thermal Resistance"is proposed.Numerical optimization identifies a critical resistance value of approximately 10 K/W,which effectively dampens the positive feedback and restores the synchronization ratio to over 95%with a negligible thermal penalty of less than 20 mK.These findings provide a theoretical basis and practical design guidelines for the stabilization of multi-cooler cryogenic networks.展开更多
The Animated Oat Optimization Algorithm(AOO)is a novel evolutionary algorithm inspired by the behavior of animated oats.This paper proposes a Competitive Parallel Animated Oat Optimization Algorithm(CPAOO)comprising t...The Animated Oat Optimization Algorithm(AOO)is a novel evolutionary algorithm inspired by the behavior of animated oats.This paper proposes a Competitive Parallel Animated Oat Optimization Algorithm(CPAOO)comprising two components.First,a parallel strategy is employed in which inter-subpopulation communication is triggered at predefined iteration thresholds to balance exploration and exploitation.Second,a grouped competition strategy with incentive mechanisms is introduced,enabling the prioritized evolution of superior individuals to enhance the algorithm’s efficiency.Furthermore,building on the Prediction Error Expansion(PEE)algorithm,this paper proposes a Dual-Layer PEE(DLPEE)algorithm for reversible digital watermarking.Based on differences in pixel values around embedding points,image blocks are classified as either smooth or textured regions.The CPAOO algorithm is used to optimize the weights of the pixel predictor and to prioritize embedding secret information in smooth blocks.This approach enhances both the embedding capacity and the invisibility of the watermarked data.Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed methods achieve satisfactory performance.展开更多
Effective partitioning is crucial for enabling parallel restoration of power systems after blackouts.This paper proposes a novel partitioning method based on deep reinforcement learning.First,the partitioning decision...Effective partitioning is crucial for enabling parallel restoration of power systems after blackouts.This paper proposes a novel partitioning method based on deep reinforcement learning.First,the partitioning decision process is formulated as a Markov decision process(MDP)model to maximize the modularity.Corresponding key partitioning constraints on parallel restoration are considered.Second,based on the partitioning objective and constraints,the reward function of the partitioning MDP model is set by adopting a relative deviation normalization scheme to reduce mutual interference between the reward and penalty in the reward function.The soft bonus scaling mechanism is introduced to mitigate overestimation caused by abrupt jumps in the reward.Then,the deep Q network method is applied to solve the partitioning MDP model and generate partitioning schemes.Two experience replay buffers are employed to speed up the training process of the method.Finally,case studies on the IEEE 39-bus test system demonstrate that the proposed method can generate a high-modularity partitioning result that meets all key partitioning constraints,thereby improving the parallelism and reliability of the restoration process.Moreover,simulation results demonstrate that an appropriate discount factor is crucial for ensuring both the convergence speed and the stability of the partitioning training.展开更多
This paper presents an Eulerian-Lagrangian algorithm for direct numerical simulation(DNS)of particle-laden flows.The algorithm is applicable to perform simulations of dilute suspensions of small inertial particles in ...This paper presents an Eulerian-Lagrangian algorithm for direct numerical simulation(DNS)of particle-laden flows.The algorithm is applicable to perform simulations of dilute suspensions of small inertial particles in turbulent carrier flow.The Eulerian framework numerically resolves turbulent carrier flow using a parallelized,finite-volume DNS solver on a staggered Cartesian grid.Particles are tracked using a point-particle method utilizing a Lagrangian particle tracking(LPT)algorithm.The proposed Eulerian-Lagrangian algorithm is validated using an inertial particle-laden turbulent channel flow for different Stokes number cases.The particle concentration profiles and higher-order statistics of the carrier and dispersed phases agree well with the benchmark results.We investigated the effect of fluid velocity interpolation and numerical integration schemes of particle tracking algorithms on particle dispersion statistics.The suitability of fluid velocity interpolation schemes for predicting the particle dispersion statistics is discussed in the framework of the particle tracking algorithm coupled to the finite-volume solver.In addition,we present parallelization strategies implemented in the algorithm and evaluate their parallel performance.展开更多
Peridynamics(PD)demonstrates unique advantages in addressing fracture problems,however,its nonlocality and meshfree discretization result in high computational and storage costs.Moreover,in its engineering application...Peridynamics(PD)demonstrates unique advantages in addressing fracture problems,however,its nonlocality and meshfree discretization result in high computational and storage costs.Moreover,in its engineering applications,the computational scale of classical GPU parallel schemes is often limited by the finite graphics memory of GPU devices.In the present study,we develop an efficient particle information management strategy based on the cell-linked list method and on this basis propose a subdomain-based GPU parallel scheme,which exhibits outstanding acceleration performance in specific compute kernels while significantly reducing graphics memory usage.Compared to the classical parallel scheme,the cell-linked list method facilitates efficient management of particle information within subdomains,enabling the proposed parallel scheme to effectively reduce graphics memory usage by optimizing the size and number of subdomains while significantly improving the speed of neighbor search.As demonstrated in PD examples,the proposed parallel scheme enhances the neighbor search efficiency dramatically and achieves a significant speedup relative to serial programs.For instance,without considering the time of data transmission,the proposed scheme achieves a remarkable speedup of nearly 1076.8×in one test case,due to its excellent computational efficiency in the neighbor search.Additionally,for 2D and 3D PD models with tens of millions of particles,the graphics memory usage can be reduced up to 83.6%and 85.9%,respectively.Therefore,this subdomain-based GPU parallel scheme effectively avoids graphics memory shortages while significantly improving the computational efficiency,providing new insights into studying more complex large-scale problems.展开更多
Magnetic Resonance Imaging(MRI)has a pivotal role in medical image analysis,for its ability in supporting disease detection and diagnosis.Fuzzy C-Means(FCM)clustering is widely used for MRI segmentation due to its abi...Magnetic Resonance Imaging(MRI)has a pivotal role in medical image analysis,for its ability in supporting disease detection and diagnosis.Fuzzy C-Means(FCM)clustering is widely used for MRI segmentation due to its ability to handle image uncertainty.However,the latter still has countless limitations,including sensitivity to initialization,susceptibility to local optima,and high computational cost.To address these limitations,this study integrates Grey Wolf Optimization(GWO)with FCM to enhance cluster center selection,improving segmentation accuracy and robustness.Moreover,to further refine optimization,Fuzzy Entropy Clustering was utilized for its distinctive features from other traditional objective functions.Fuzzy entropy effectively quantifies uncertainty,leading to more well-defined clusters,improved noise robustness,and better preservation of anatomical structures in MRI images.Despite these advantages,the iterative nature of GWO and FCM introduces significant computational overhead,which restricts their applicability to high-resolution medical images.To overcome this bottleneck,we propose a Parallelized-GWO-based FCM(P-GWO-FCM)approach using GPU acceleration,where both GWO optimization and FCM updates(centroid computation and membership matrix updates)are parallelized.By concurrently executing these processes,our approach efficiently distributes the computational workload,significantly reducing execution time while maintaining high segmentation accuracy.The proposed parallel method,P-GWO-FCM,was evaluated on both simulated and clinical brain MR images,focusing on segmenting white matter,gray matter,and cerebrospinal fluid regions.The results indicate significant improvements in segmentation accuracy,achieving a Jaccard Similarity(JS)of 0.92,a Partition Coefficient Index(PCI)of 0.91,a Partition Entropy Index(PEI)of 0.25,and a Davies-Bouldin Index(DBI)of 0.30.Experimental comparisons demonstrate that P-GWO-FCM outperforms existing methods in both segmentation accuracy and computational efficiency,making it a promising solution for real-time medical image segmentation.展开更多
The space pointing mechanism is widely used in radio astronomy,aerospace and other fields,and has high requirements for its pointing accuracy and stability.The pointing mechanism will be affected by external interfere...The space pointing mechanism is widely used in radio astronomy,aerospace and other fields,and has high requirements for its pointing accuracy and stability.The pointing mechanism will be affected by external interference when it works.In order to eliminate the influence of interference force and interference torque on the output accuracy of the pointing mechanism,it is necessary to propose a novel method of type synthesis of highprecision double-layer parallel pointing mechanism which can resist interference force and interference torque.A series of high-precision double-layer parallel pointing mechanisms that can resist interference forces and interference torques have been synthesized.Firstly,based on the idea of decoupling the function of pose adjustment and the function of resisting interference force and interference torque,a new method of type synthesis of high-precision double-layer parallel pointing mechanism is proposed.The type synthesis conditions of the inner translation mechanism and the outer mechanism are given.Then,based on the type synthesis conditions of the inner translation mechanism,the type synthesis of the inner isotropic three-translation parallel mechanism is carried out.Based on the type synthesis conditions of the outer mechanism,the type synthesis of the six-degreeof-freedom parallel mechanism for high-precision pointing and position adjustment is carried out.A series of new configurations of double-layer parallel pointing mechanisms that can resist interference forces and torques are synthesized.Finally,a typical configuration is selected to verify the correctness of the anti-interference function of the double-layer parallel pointing mechanism.The double-layer parallel pointing mechanism has the advantages of both large load and high output precision,and has a good application prospect in the field of radio telescope and antenna radar.展开更多
Non-negative Matrix Factorization(NMF)is a computationally intensive matrix operation that resource-constrained clients struggle to complete locally.Privacy-preserving outsourcing allows clients to offload heavy compu...Non-negative Matrix Factorization(NMF)is a computationally intensive matrix operation that resource-constrained clients struggle to complete locally.Privacy-preserving outsourcing allows clients to offload heavy computing tasks to powerful servers,effectively solving the problem of local computing difficulties.However,the existing privacy-preserving NMF outsourcing schemes only allow one server to perform outsourcing computation,resulting in low efficiency on the server side.In order to improve the efficiency of outsourcing computation,we propose a privacy-preserving parallel NMF outsourcing scheme with multiple edge servers.We adopt the matrix blocking technique to divide the computation task into multiple subtasks,and design the NMF parallel computation algorithm based on the multiplication updating rule.The proposed scheme implements the parallel outsourcing of non-negative matrix factorization based on multiple edge servers.We use random permutation matrices to encrypt original matrix,thereby protecting data privacy.In addition,we utilize the iterative nature of the NMF algorithm for result verification.Theoretical analysis and experimental results prove the advantages of the proposed scheme.展开更多
With the sharp increase in the heat flux of high-power electronic devices,efficient thermal management has become critically important.Boiling heat transfer in parallel small channels,which utilizes latent heat effici...With the sharp increase in the heat flux of high-power electronic devices,efficient thermal management has become critically important.Boiling heat transfer in parallel small channels,which utilizes latent heat efficiently,has emerged as a key enabling technology for next-generation cooling solutions.However,parallel channel systems are extremely susceptible to flow instabilities,resulting in severely uneven distributions of flow rate and heat transfer among the channels.This unevenness often leads to local overheating,which in turn restricts the system's reliability and limits its practical application.In this paper,a three-dimensional transient numerical simulation method was employed to investigate the non-uniform characteristics of flow boiling and heat transfer of Rl34a within parallel rectangular small channels.The differential characteristics of flow and heat transfer parameters among channels under varying mass flux and heat flux conditions were systematically investigated.The quantitative characterization methods for the degree of flow and heat transfer non-uniformity were proposed.Two quantitative characterization parameters,β1for flow non-uniformity andβ2for heat transfer non-uniformity,are proposed.Besides,the predictive correlations for the nonuniformity degrees of flow and heat transfer were constructed.Theβ1increases with increasing heat flux and decreases with increasing mass flux,whileβ2decreases with increasing heat flux and mass flux.When the mass flux is constant,β1decreases with increasingβ2,and the decreasing rate ofβ1is much lower than the increasing rate ofβ2.When the heat flux is constant,β1increases with increasingβ2,and the increasing rate ofβ1is much larger than the increasing rate ofβ2.β1andβ2obtained from simulations agree with the fitted predictions to within±20%.This paper has important theoretical guiding significance for optimizing the safe and stable operation of high heat flux cooling systems.展开更多
As software applications grow increasingly large and complex,traditional code vulnerability detection methods struggle with performance and efficiency.Although code visualization-based algorithms have demonstrated eff...As software applications grow increasingly large and complex,traditional code vulnerability detection methods struggle with performance and efficiency.Although code visualization-based algorithms have demonstrated effectiveness in capturing sparse features and complex workflows in large-scale source code,their capacity to extract global semantic information and intricate long-range dependencies remains limited.Recent large language model(LLM)-based approaches have shown promising accuracy by leveraging rich contextual information,but their high computational cost often limits practical efficiency.To address these challenges,we propose VulSCP,a new framework that integrates sequential convolution with a parallel attention mechanism.Specifically,VulSCP first constructs a semantically weighted graph from the source code,then employs sequential convolution to extract local vulnerability-related features,and finally enhances the global feature representation through parallel attention.Experimental results on large-scale C/C++function-level datasets show that VulSCP achieves an accuracy of 85.14%and a false positive rate of 17.25%,outperforming the best baseline in accuracy by 1.73 percentage points and reducing the false positive rate by 3.38 percentage points.Moreover,while maintaining high detection accuracy,VulSCP achieves a low average inference time of 1.89 s per sample,showing favorable efficiency compared with the evaluated LLM-based methods.These results suggest that VulSCP is a promising approach for vulnerability detection in large and complex software systems,offering a favorable balance between accuracy and efficiency.The source code of VulSCP is publicly available at http://gffzz188fe103f8f1460asqu99ouuwwk5x6opf.ffgz.tsg.suse.edu.cn/Hwzx-ZeL/VulSCP.展开更多
Maintaining the structural integrity of parallel natural gas pipelines during leakage-induced jet fires remains a critical engineering challenge.Existing methods often fail to account for the complex interactions amon...Maintaining the structural integrity of parallel natural gas pipelines during leakage-induced jet fires remains a critical engineering challenge.Existing methods often fail to account for the complex interactions among heat transfer,material behavior,and pipeline geometry,which can lead to overly simplified and potentially unsafe assessments.To address these limitations,this study develops a multiphysics approach that integrates small-orifice leakage theory with detailed thermo-fluid-structural simulations.The proposed framework contributes to a more accurate failure analysis through three main components:(1)coupled modeling that tracks transient heat flow and stress development as fire conditions evolve;(2)risk assessment incorporating spatial layout,material property changes with temperature,and operational limits;and(3)sensitivity analysis to identify key design factors that influence structural performance under high thermal loads.Simulation results demonstrate that thermal radiation from neighboring jet fires significantly accelerates material degradation,with inter-pipeline spacing emerging as a critical determinant of structural response.Notably,increasing the spacing between pipelines reduces thermal interaction and mechanical stress transfer.As a result,systems with optimized spacing exhibit markedly lower deformation than conventional configurations.These findings provide a foundation for re-evaluating pipeline layout strategies and strengthening safety protocols,particularly in high-risk environments where fire exposure can severely compromise structural reliability.The proposed approach offers actionable guidance for engineers and policymakers seeking to enhance the resilience of pipeline infrastructure under extreme thermal conditions.展开更多
Accurate estimation of photovoltaic(PV)parameters is essential for optimizing solar module perfor-mance and enhancing resource efficiency in renewable energy systems.This study presents a process innovation by introdu...Accurate estimation of photovoltaic(PV)parameters is essential for optimizing solar module perfor-mance and enhancing resource efficiency in renewable energy systems.This study presents a process innovation by introducing,for the first time,the Triangulation Topology Aggregation Optimizer(TTAO)integrated with parallel computing to address PV parameter estimation challenges.The effectiveness and robustness of TTAO are rigorously evaluated using two standard benchmark datasets(KC200GT and R.T.C.France solar cells)and a real-world dataset(Poly70W solar module)under single-,double-,and triple-diode configurations.Results show that TTAO consistently achieves superior accuracy by producing the lowest RMSE values and faster convergence compared to state-of-the-art metaheuristic algorithms.In addition,the integration of parallel computing significantly enhances computational efficiency,reducing execution time by up to 85%without compromising accuracy.Validation using real-world data further demonstrates TTAO’s adaptability and practical relevance in renewable energy systems,effectively bridging the gap between theoretical modeling and real-world implementation for PV system monitoring and optimization,contributing to climate mitigation through improved solar energy performance.展开更多
基金funded by NSFC(32130013,32270443,32270466)the Institute of Zoology,Chinese Academy of Sciences(2023IOZ0104,SKLA2502)+1 种基金the China Scholarship Council Innovative Talent Programme(No.2022-2260)to FL and the Swedish Research Council(2019-04486)Olle Engkvists Stiftelse to PA and the Feldbausch Foundation at Fachbereich Biologie of Mainz University to JM.
摘要Geographic barriers and geological historical events may play pivotal roles in driving allopatric divergence among closely related species.Here,we investigate the genomic divergence patterns and ecological niche separation of the Willow Tit Poecile montanus and the Marsh Tit P.palustris species groups in China,and their ecological niche separation across East Asia.Through comprehensive genomic sequencing,population genomic analysis,and integration of public occurrence data,we unveil striking parallels in the geographic divergence patterns between these two species groups.Notably,both species exhibit multiple divergent lineages in China,with similar spatial distributions of geneflow barriers.Furthermore,our analysis reveals unique evolutionary histories in the southwestern clades of both species groups,highlighting the intricate interplay between historical distribution dynamics,ecological preferences,and genetic divergence.Our study significantly enhances our understanding of the processes underlying the diversification of closely related widespread species within the framework of shared geographical constraints,and stresses the need for a taxonomic revision.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42274192 and 42030106)Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS(2023070).
摘要This study introduces FTCSEM,a FORTRAN-based,parallelized one-dimensional controlledsource electromagnetic(CSEM)forward modeling and inversion software capable of accommodating arbitrary source-receiver confi gurations.In comparison to existing one-dimensional CSEM tools,FTCSEM incorporates several signifi cant enhancements:it supports transmitters of diverse shapes,quantities,and spatial locations;permits receivers to be positioned flexibly on the surface,subsurface,or in the atmosphere;facilitates simulations and inversions in both frequency and time domains;integrates an adaptive regularized inversion algorithm with multiple model constraints;and leverages GPU-accelerated parallel computing to attain high computational efficiency.Validation through numerical experiments and field data inversion confirms the program’s accuracy and practical applicability.The findings indicate that FTCSEM performs robustly in complex geoelectric environments,multi-source and multi-receiver arrangements,as well as multi-component joint inversion scenarios,thereby offering a versatile and powerful tool for advancing CSEM research and applications.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.523B2042,52475075)the Key Program of Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.LZ24E050004)the Zhejiang Provincial Xinxiao Talent Program Project(Grant No.2025R401170)。
摘要The lifetime of piezoelectric inertial actuators(PIAs)is inherently limited by the friction-based driving mechanism,which remains a key challenge restricting commercialization.In our previous work,a long-lifetime PIA was proposed through a wear-adaptive structural configuration.This work was optimized by employing a dual-magnet repulsive configuration with parallel driving units,in which the X and Y degrees of freedom(DOF)share a single driving foot.This design makes the actuator thinner and prevents the piezoelectric stack from experiencing tensile and shear stresses.The actuator has an overall size of 84 mm×84 mm×17 mm,providing a stroke of 52 mm for each DOF,a driving speed of approximately 10 mm/s,a vertical load capacity exceeding 10 kg,and a horizontal load capacity greater than 1 N.The closed-loop positioning accuracy reaches 20 nm.At driving frequencies up to 500 Hz,the crosstalk between the two DOFs remains below 10%.Based on previous wear experiments and simulation predictions,the operating lifetime is estimated to approach 33572 km,far exceeding the 100 km lifetime of state-of-the-art piezoelectric inertial actuators.The proposed actuator is well-suited for applications requiring frequent reciprocating motion,such as microscope sample stages.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.U23B20103,52375502)EU H2020 MSCA R&I Programme (Grant No.101022696)+1 种基金Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of CPSF (Grant No.GZB20240353)Opening Project of the Key Laboratory of CNC Equipment Reliability,Ministry of Education,Jilin University (Grant No.JLU-cncr-202403)。
摘要Being renewable and readily available,solar energy has gained significant attention in addressing the global energy crisis and climate change.The efficiency of solar-energy harvesting using a concentrator depends on the angle between the incident sunlight and the solar concentrator.Therefore,a solar-energy collection system equipped with a solar tracker that follows the apparent motion of the sun offers the highest collection efficiency.In this study,a novel solar tracker with a parallel mechanism is proposed based on the line graph method.The proposed parallel solar tracker(PST) features a main column with passive movements and two UPU chains that share a common constraint.This design enhances the rotational workspace,stiffness,and load-bearing capacity of the system.To solve the forward kinematics problem of the PST efficiently and accurately,a geometric elimination method is employed,converting the three-dimensional kinematics into a simpler planar problem.This allows the forward kinematics problem to be solved analytically using planar equations.By considering key performance indices,such as the effective workspace,transmission,and manipulability,the structural parameters of the PST are optimized in two steps,thereby identifying the optimal region in the design space.Finally,the computational efficiency and accuracy of both the forward and inverse kinematic solutions for the PST with optimized structural parameters are validated,demonstrating their potential for use in real-time control systems.The proposed novel solar tracker has high stiffness and load-bearing capacity.The study provides a solid foundation for improving the efficiency of solar energy utilization.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.42272338 and 41902275)China Railway Tunnel Group Co.,Ltd.(Grant No.CZ02-08)+4 种基金Sichuan Transportation Science and Technology Program(Grant No.2018-ZL-02)Department of Transportation of Zhejiang Province(Grant No.202213)China Railway First Survey and Design Institute Group Co.,Ltd.(Grant No.2022KY53ZD(CYH)-10)Chongqing Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources(Grant No.TICG-K2024001)Special Project for Performance Incentive and Guidance of Scientific Research Institutions in Chongqing(Grant No.CSTB2023JXJL-YFX0006).
摘要The numerical manifold method,extensively utilized in numerical computations,faces significant challenges in generating complex manifold elements,particularly for three-dimensional applications.To overcome this challenge,the meshfree numerical manifold method is developed by integrating the moving least-squares method into the numerical manifold method,effectively bypassing the need for meshing complex geometric objects.However,the implementation of the moving least-squares method introduces computational efficiency issues.To mitigate these,parallel computing methods have been incorporated,resulting in a tenfold increase in the speed of assembling the stiffness matrix with central processing unit parallelism,and a twentyfold increase with graphics processing unit parallelism.The static mechanical system equations for the meshfree numerical manifold method are derived using the Galerkin method.The method’s effectiveness and accuracy are then validated through a series of numerical experiments.The experiments demonstrated that the meshfree numerical manifold method achieves a high precision with minimal nodes and integration points.Additionally,positioning nodes outside the domain significantly improves computational accuracy at the boundaries.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2023YFB3309104)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11821202 and 123721222)+1 种基金the Science Technology Plan of Liaoning Province(Grant No.2023JH2/101600044)the 111 Project of China(Grant No.B14013).
摘要Although supplying extensive design space,the curse of dimensionality restricts the widespread application of largescale topology optimization in practical engineering.Various acceleration techniques have been integrated with topology optimization,achieving significant attention and progress in large-scale problems.This work aims to investigate how much benefit can be obtained by combining parallel computing and machine learning techniques to enhance the efficiency of large-scale topology optimization algorithms.Accordingly,a parallel problem independent machine learning(PIML)-enhanced topology optimization method is proposed.The PIML model substantially reduces the dimension of the condensed stiffness matrix and its computational cost,and parallel computing reduces the workload per process and enables the application of a parallel multigrid solver.Besides,several techniques,such as matrix-free implementation,direct condensation of uniform coarse elements,and adjusting computational resource limits,have been developed to enhance computational efficiency.The weak scaling efficiency,strong scaling speedup,and maximum achievable efficiency of the proposed method are validated across multiple numerical examples,showing significant improvement in the tractable problem size and solution efficiency compared to traditional topology optimization algorithms.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U2167202,12225504,12005276)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(No.ZR2024QA172)the Fundamental Research Funds of Shandong University.
摘要A 32-channel charge-sensitive amplifier(CSA)is designed for fast timing in the delay-line readout of a parallel plate avalanche counter(PPAC)array.It is realized on a PCB with operational amplifiers and other discrete components.Each channel consists of an integrator,a pole-zero cancellation net,and a linear amplification stage,which can be adapted to accommodate either positive or negative input signals.The RMS equivalent input noise charges are 3.3 fC,the conversion gains are approximately±2 mV∕fC,and the intrinsic time resolution reaches 32 ps.In the prototype PPAC application,the CSA performs as well as the commercial FTA820A amplifier,providing a position resolution as good as 0.17 mm,and exhibiting reliable stability during several hours of continuous data acquisition.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52375009)Fujian Provincial Young and Middle-Aged Teacher Education Research Project of China(Grant No.JAT220029).
摘要Parallel machining robot is a new type of robotized equipment for high-efficiency machining structural com-ponents with complex geometries.Terminal rigidity is of great importance index for such type of equipment,which affects their load capacity and working accuracy.Before a parallel machining robot can be used for heavy-load and high-efficiency machining,its terminal rigidity should be evaluated systematically.The present study is to quantitatively reveal the stiffness properties of a previously invented Z4 redundantly actuated parallel ma-chining robot(RAPMR).For this purpose,two critical issues,i.e.,stiffness modelling and index construction,are clarified to carry out stiffness evaluation of the Z4 RAPMR.Firstly,drawing on the screw theory,a semi-analytic stiffness model of the proposed RAPMR is established at a component level.Secondly,a set of virtual work-based stiffness indices is constructed to evaluate the terminal rigidity of parallel robots.Those indices have a consistent physical unit in describing linear and angular terminal rigidity.With these indices,the local and the global stiffness performance of the Z4 RAPMR are predicted.Thirdly,a laboratory prototype of the proposed RAPMR is fabricated.And the experimental test is performed to verify the correctness of the established stiffness model.The present work is expected to provide fundamental information for further light-weight design and rigidity enhancement.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation Projects(52576028)the Hundred Talents Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB35000000,XDB35040102).
摘要Sub-Kelvin cooling technology is a critical prerequisite for high-sensitivity detection in deep space exploration and quantum computing.Operating identical sorption coolers in parallel is a common engineering approach to enhance cooling capacity and extend hold time for these cryogenic platforms.However,this study reports an unexpected"symmetry breaking"phenomenon observed in a parallel Helium-4 sorption cooling system where the cold heads are connected via Oxygen-Free High Thermal Conductivity(OFHC)copper linkages.Instead of the expected uniform load sharing,the system spontaneously evolves into an asymmetric"quasi-series"operational mode.In this state,one cooler preferentially consumes its liquid helium inventory while the other remains dormant,significantly reducing system efficiency.To elucidate the underlying physics,a transient thermal-fluidic resistance network model was developed and validated against experimental data obtained from a dual-cooler test rig pre-cooled by a G-M cryocooler.Theoretical analysis reveals that this thermal locking originates from a positive feedback loop driven by the temperature-dependent thermal conductivity of the copper straps.Experimental results further demonstrate that system stability degrades significantly with increasing thermal load,with the synchronization ratio dropping from 75.3%at 0 mW to 51.3%at 3 mW.This indicates that at higher temperatures,the destabilizing gain of the thermal link overwhelms the restoring stiffness of the sorption mechanism.To address this intrinsic instability,a passive suppression strategy using a series"Ballast Thermal Resistance"is proposed.Numerical optimization identifies a critical resistance value of approximately 10 K/W,which effectively dampens the positive feedback and restores the synchronization ratio to over 95%with a negligible thermal penalty of less than 20 mK.These findings provide a theoretical basis and practical design guidelines for the stabilization of multi-cooler cryogenic networks.
摘要The Animated Oat Optimization Algorithm(AOO)is a novel evolutionary algorithm inspired by the behavior of animated oats.This paper proposes a Competitive Parallel Animated Oat Optimization Algorithm(CPAOO)comprising two components.First,a parallel strategy is employed in which inter-subpopulation communication is triggered at predefined iteration thresholds to balance exploration and exploitation.Second,a grouped competition strategy with incentive mechanisms is introduced,enabling the prioritized evolution of superior individuals to enhance the algorithm’s efficiency.Furthermore,building on the Prediction Error Expansion(PEE)algorithm,this paper proposes a Dual-Layer PEE(DLPEE)algorithm for reversible digital watermarking.Based on differences in pixel values around embedding points,image blocks are classified as either smooth or textured regions.The CPAOO algorithm is used to optimize the weights of the pixel predictor and to prioritize embedding secret information in smooth blocks.This approach enhances both the embedding capacity and the invisibility of the watermarked data.Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed methods achieve satisfactory performance.
基金funded by the Beijing Engineering Research Center of Electric Rail Transportation.
摘要Effective partitioning is crucial for enabling parallel restoration of power systems after blackouts.This paper proposes a novel partitioning method based on deep reinforcement learning.First,the partitioning decision process is formulated as a Markov decision process(MDP)model to maximize the modularity.Corresponding key partitioning constraints on parallel restoration are considered.Second,based on the partitioning objective and constraints,the reward function of the partitioning MDP model is set by adopting a relative deviation normalization scheme to reduce mutual interference between the reward and penalty in the reward function.The soft bonus scaling mechanism is introduced to mitigate overestimation caused by abrupt jumps in the reward.Then,the deep Q network method is applied to solve the partitioning MDP model and generate partitioning schemes.Two experience replay buffers are employed to speed up the training process of the method.Finally,case studies on the IEEE 39-bus test system demonstrate that the proposed method can generate a high-modularity partitioning result that meets all key partitioning constraints,thereby improving the parallelism and reliability of the restoration process.Moreover,simulation results demonstrate that an appropriate discount factor is crucial for ensuring both the convergence speed and the stability of the partitioning training.
基金supported by the P.G.Senapathy Center for Computing Resources at IIT Madrasfunding provided by the Ministry of Education,Government of Indiasupported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12388101,12472224 and 92252104).
摘要This paper presents an Eulerian-Lagrangian algorithm for direct numerical simulation(DNS)of particle-laden flows.The algorithm is applicable to perform simulations of dilute suspensions of small inertial particles in turbulent carrier flow.The Eulerian framework numerically resolves turbulent carrier flow using a parallelized,finite-volume DNS solver on a staggered Cartesian grid.Particles are tracked using a point-particle method utilizing a Lagrangian particle tracking(LPT)algorithm.The proposed Eulerian-Lagrangian algorithm is validated using an inertial particle-laden turbulent channel flow for different Stokes number cases.The particle concentration profiles and higher-order statistics of the carrier and dispersed phases agree well with the benchmark results.We investigated the effect of fluid velocity interpolation and numerical integration schemes of particle tracking algorithms on particle dispersion statistics.The suitability of fluid velocity interpolation schemes for predicting the particle dispersion statistics is discussed in the framework of the particle tracking algorithm coupled to the finite-volume solver.In addition,we present parallelization strategies implemented in the algorithm and evaluate their parallel performance.
基金Jun Li was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.:U2441215)Lisheng Liu and Xin Lai were supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.:52494933).
摘要Peridynamics(PD)demonstrates unique advantages in addressing fracture problems,however,its nonlocality and meshfree discretization result in high computational and storage costs.Moreover,in its engineering applications,the computational scale of classical GPU parallel schemes is often limited by the finite graphics memory of GPU devices.In the present study,we develop an efficient particle information management strategy based on the cell-linked list method and on this basis propose a subdomain-based GPU parallel scheme,which exhibits outstanding acceleration performance in specific compute kernels while significantly reducing graphics memory usage.Compared to the classical parallel scheme,the cell-linked list method facilitates efficient management of particle information within subdomains,enabling the proposed parallel scheme to effectively reduce graphics memory usage by optimizing the size and number of subdomains while significantly improving the speed of neighbor search.As demonstrated in PD examples,the proposed parallel scheme enhances the neighbor search efficiency dramatically and achieves a significant speedup relative to serial programs.For instance,without considering the time of data transmission,the proposed scheme achieves a remarkable speedup of nearly 1076.8×in one test case,due to its excellent computational efficiency in the neighbor search.Additionally,for 2D and 3D PD models with tens of millions of particles,the graphics memory usage can be reduced up to 83.6%and 85.9%,respectively.Therefore,this subdomain-based GPU parallel scheme effectively avoids graphics memory shortages while significantly improving the computational efficiency,providing new insights into studying more complex large-scale problems.
摘要Magnetic Resonance Imaging(MRI)has a pivotal role in medical image analysis,for its ability in supporting disease detection and diagnosis.Fuzzy C-Means(FCM)clustering is widely used for MRI segmentation due to its ability to handle image uncertainty.However,the latter still has countless limitations,including sensitivity to initialization,susceptibility to local optima,and high computational cost.To address these limitations,this study integrates Grey Wolf Optimization(GWO)with FCM to enhance cluster center selection,improving segmentation accuracy and robustness.Moreover,to further refine optimization,Fuzzy Entropy Clustering was utilized for its distinctive features from other traditional objective functions.Fuzzy entropy effectively quantifies uncertainty,leading to more well-defined clusters,improved noise robustness,and better preservation of anatomical structures in MRI images.Despite these advantages,the iterative nature of GWO and FCM introduces significant computational overhead,which restricts their applicability to high-resolution medical images.To overcome this bottleneck,we propose a Parallelized-GWO-based FCM(P-GWO-FCM)approach using GPU acceleration,where both GWO optimization and FCM updates(centroid computation and membership matrix updates)are parallelized.By concurrently executing these processes,our approach efficiently distributes the computational workload,significantly reducing execution time while maintaining high segmentation accuracy.The proposed parallel method,P-GWO-FCM,was evaluated on both simulated and clinical brain MR images,focusing on segmenting white matter,gray matter,and cerebrospinal fluid regions.The results indicate significant improvements in segmentation accuracy,achieving a Jaccard Similarity(JS)of 0.92,a Partition Coefficient Index(PCI)of 0.91,a Partition Entropy Index(PEI)of 0.25,and a Davies-Bouldin Index(DBI)of 0.30.Experimental comparisons demonstrate that P-GWO-FCM outperforms existing methods in both segmentation accuracy and computational efficiency,making it a promising solution for real-time medical image segmentation.
基金Supported by Program of Shenzhen Peacock Innovation Team of Guangdong Province of China (Grant No.KQTD20210811090146075)。
摘要The space pointing mechanism is widely used in radio astronomy,aerospace and other fields,and has high requirements for its pointing accuracy and stability.The pointing mechanism will be affected by external interference when it works.In order to eliminate the influence of interference force and interference torque on the output accuracy of the pointing mechanism,it is necessary to propose a novel method of type synthesis of highprecision double-layer parallel pointing mechanism which can resist interference force and interference torque.A series of high-precision double-layer parallel pointing mechanisms that can resist interference forces and interference torques have been synthesized.Firstly,based on the idea of decoupling the function of pose adjustment and the function of resisting interference force and interference torque,a new method of type synthesis of high-precision double-layer parallel pointing mechanism is proposed.The type synthesis conditions of the inner translation mechanism and the outer mechanism are given.Then,based on the type synthesis conditions of the inner translation mechanism,the type synthesis of the inner isotropic three-translation parallel mechanism is carried out.Based on the type synthesis conditions of the outer mechanism,the type synthesis of the six-degreeof-freedom parallel mechanism for high-precision pointing and position adjustment is carried out.A series of new configurations of double-layer parallel pointing mechanisms that can resist interference forces and torques are synthesized.Finally,a typical configuration is selected to verify the correctness of the anti-interference function of the double-layer parallel pointing mechanism.The double-layer parallel pointing mechanism has the advantages of both large load and high output precision,and has a good application prospect in the field of radio telescope and antenna radar.
基金supported in part by Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation under Grant(ZR2024MF038)Qingdao Natural Science Foundation(25-1-1-103-zyyd-jchZ).
摘要Non-negative Matrix Factorization(NMF)is a computationally intensive matrix operation that resource-constrained clients struggle to complete locally.Privacy-preserving outsourcing allows clients to offload heavy computing tasks to powerful servers,effectively solving the problem of local computing difficulties.However,the existing privacy-preserving NMF outsourcing schemes only allow one server to perform outsourcing computation,resulting in low efficiency on the server side.In order to improve the efficiency of outsourcing computation,we propose a privacy-preserving parallel NMF outsourcing scheme with multiple edge servers.We adopt the matrix blocking technique to divide the computation task into multiple subtasks,and design the NMF parallel computation algorithm based on the multiplication updating rule.The proposed scheme implements the parallel outsourcing of non-negative matrix factorization based on multiple edge servers.We use random permutation matrices to encrypt original matrix,thereby protecting data privacy.In addition,we utilize the iterative nature of the NMF algorithm for result verification.Theoretical analysis and experimental results prove the advantages of the proposed scheme.
摘要With the sharp increase in the heat flux of high-power electronic devices,efficient thermal management has become critically important.Boiling heat transfer in parallel small channels,which utilizes latent heat efficiently,has emerged as a key enabling technology for next-generation cooling solutions.However,parallel channel systems are extremely susceptible to flow instabilities,resulting in severely uneven distributions of flow rate and heat transfer among the channels.This unevenness often leads to local overheating,which in turn restricts the system's reliability and limits its practical application.In this paper,a three-dimensional transient numerical simulation method was employed to investigate the non-uniform characteristics of flow boiling and heat transfer of Rl34a within parallel rectangular small channels.The differential characteristics of flow and heat transfer parameters among channels under varying mass flux and heat flux conditions were systematically investigated.The quantitative characterization methods for the degree of flow and heat transfer non-uniformity were proposed.Two quantitative characterization parameters,β1for flow non-uniformity andβ2for heat transfer non-uniformity,are proposed.Besides,the predictive correlations for the nonuniformity degrees of flow and heat transfer were constructed.Theβ1increases with increasing heat flux and decreases with increasing mass flux,whileβ2decreases with increasing heat flux and mass flux.When the mass flux is constant,β1decreases with increasingβ2,and the decreasing rate ofβ1is much lower than the increasing rate ofβ2.When the heat flux is constant,β1increases with increasingβ2,and the increasing rate ofβ1is much larger than the increasing rate ofβ2.β1andβ2obtained from simulations agree with the fitted predictions to within±20%.This paper has important theoretical guiding significance for optimizing the safe and stable operation of high heat flux cooling systems.
基金funded by the Ministry of Public Security of the People’s Republic of China,grant number 2024ZB02(X.Z.).
摘要As software applications grow increasingly large and complex,traditional code vulnerability detection methods struggle with performance and efficiency.Although code visualization-based algorithms have demonstrated effectiveness in capturing sparse features and complex workflows in large-scale source code,their capacity to extract global semantic information and intricate long-range dependencies remains limited.Recent large language model(LLM)-based approaches have shown promising accuracy by leveraging rich contextual information,but their high computational cost often limits practical efficiency.To address these challenges,we propose VulSCP,a new framework that integrates sequential convolution with a parallel attention mechanism.Specifically,VulSCP first constructs a semantically weighted graph from the source code,then employs sequential convolution to extract local vulnerability-related features,and finally enhances the global feature representation through parallel attention.Experimental results on large-scale C/C++function-level datasets show that VulSCP achieves an accuracy of 85.14%and a false positive rate of 17.25%,outperforming the best baseline in accuracy by 1.73 percentage points and reducing the false positive rate by 3.38 percentage points.Moreover,while maintaining high detection accuracy,VulSCP achieves a low average inference time of 1.89 s per sample,showing favorable efficiency compared with the evaluated LLM-based methods.These results suggest that VulSCP is a promising approach for vulnerability detection in large and complex software systems,offering a favorable balance between accuracy and efficiency.The source code of VulSCP is publicly available at http://gffzz188fe103f8f1460asqu99ouuwwk5x6opf.ffgz.tsg.suse.edu.cn/Hwzx-ZeL/VulSCP.
摘要Maintaining the structural integrity of parallel natural gas pipelines during leakage-induced jet fires remains a critical engineering challenge.Existing methods often fail to account for the complex interactions among heat transfer,material behavior,and pipeline geometry,which can lead to overly simplified and potentially unsafe assessments.To address these limitations,this study develops a multiphysics approach that integrates small-orifice leakage theory with detailed thermo-fluid-structural simulations.The proposed framework contributes to a more accurate failure analysis through three main components:(1)coupled modeling that tracks transient heat flow and stress development as fire conditions evolve;(2)risk assessment incorporating spatial layout,material property changes with temperature,and operational limits;and(3)sensitivity analysis to identify key design factors that influence structural performance under high thermal loads.Simulation results demonstrate that thermal radiation from neighboring jet fires significantly accelerates material degradation,with inter-pipeline spacing emerging as a critical determinant of structural response.Notably,increasing the spacing between pipelines reduces thermal interaction and mechanical stress transfer.As a result,systems with optimized spacing exhibit markedly lower deformation than conventional configurations.These findings provide a foundation for re-evaluating pipeline layout strategies and strengthening safety protocols,particularly in high-risk environments where fire exposure can severely compromise structural reliability.The proposed approach offers actionable guidance for engineers and policymakers seeking to enhance the resilience of pipeline infrastructure under extreme thermal conditions.
基金funded by the Malaysian Ministry of Higher Education through the Fundamental Research Grant Scheme(FRGS/1/2024/ICT02/UCSI/02/1).
摘要Accurate estimation of photovoltaic(PV)parameters is essential for optimizing solar module perfor-mance and enhancing resource efficiency in renewable energy systems.This study presents a process innovation by introducing,for the first time,the Triangulation Topology Aggregation Optimizer(TTAO)integrated with parallel computing to address PV parameter estimation challenges.The effectiveness and robustness of TTAO are rigorously evaluated using two standard benchmark datasets(KC200GT and R.T.C.France solar cells)and a real-world dataset(Poly70W solar module)under single-,double-,and triple-diode configurations.Results show that TTAO consistently achieves superior accuracy by producing the lowest RMSE values and faster convergence compared to state-of-the-art metaheuristic algorithms.In addition,the integration of parallel computing significantly enhances computational efficiency,reducing execution time by up to 85%without compromising accuracy.Validation using real-world data further demonstrates TTAO’s adaptability and practical relevance in renewable energy systems,effectively bridging the gap between theoretical modeling and real-world implementation for PV system monitoring and optimization,contributing to climate mitigation through improved solar energy performance.