Multi-source errors,as critical obstacles limiting the accuracy retention and machining performance of machine tools,hold fundamental and strategic significance for achieving high-precision,high-efficiency,and high-re...Multi-source errors,as critical obstacles limiting the accuracy retention and machining performance of machine tools,hold fundamental and strategic significance for achieving high-precision,high-efficiency,and high-reliability machining in modern manufacturing systems.However,these errors typically exhibit complex characteristics such as strong coupling,time-variance,and nonlinearity,which challenge traditional methods of error identification,modeling,and compensation in terms of adaptability,real-time capability,and integration.Therefore,it is imperative to establish a systematic and intelligent multi-source error control framework.Firstly,this work systematically reviews typical error sources and their evolution mechanisms,evaluates multi-scale detection technologies including laser interferometry,double ball-bar systems,multi-sensor fusion,and vision-based systems,and constructs an intelligent error identification and evaluation framework.Next,it reviews classical modeling methods such as homogeneous transformation matrices,screw theory,thermal equilibrium models,finite element analysis,and modal analysis,compares physical modeling,data-driven,and hybrid modeling strategies,and develops an integrated multi-source error modeling architecture centered on digital twin technology and artificial intelligence.Furthermore,key technologies,including geometric error mapping and real-time compensation,online thermal error prediction and active temperature control,dynamic error suppression,and adaptive control,are summarized.A multi-level integrated error compensation architecture is proposed by combining physical models,data models,and cyber-physical synchronization.This architecture encompasses core processes such as error traceability and decoupling,dynamic prediction,real-time compensation,and closed-loop optimization,emphasizing engineering implementation mechanisms based on cyber-physical collaboration,multi-physics coupling,and multi-scale fusion,thereby effectively enhancing accuracy stability and control robustness under complex operating conditions.Finally,frontier challenges such as constructing high-fidelity coupled models from heterogeneous multi-source data,edge-cloud collaborative control,and cross-platform interoperability are discussed.The application prospects of multi-source error evaluation are also envisioned,providing theoretical foundations and technical support for the precise management and optimization of the entire lifecycle accuracy of machine tools.展开更多
As China's high-speed railway technology advances,high-speed trains have emerged as a pivotal mode of transportation,instrumental in facilitating passenger and freight mobility while fostering robust regional eco-...As China's high-speed railway technology advances,high-speed trains have emerged as a pivotal mode of transportation,instrumental in facilitating passenger and freight mobility while fostering robust regional eco-nomic and trade interactions.Nonetheless,the safety of train operations remains a paramount concern,prompting extensive research into the dynamic behavior of critical components,which is essential to ensuring seamless and secure transportation services.This article commences by comprehensively reviewing the current landscape and evolutionary trajectory of dynamic model analysis for both traditional bearings and axle box bearings.Emphasis is placed on elucidating the profound influence of diverse bearing fault types on the system's kinematic state,alongside delving into the research methodologies employed in developing multi-physics field coupling models.Subsequently,it expounds on the content of investigations focusing on various wheel and track impairments,grounded in the dynamic modeling of the bearing vehicle coupling system.Concurrently,the intricate interplay between wheel-rail excitation and axle box bearing faults on the system's performance is elucidated.Concludingly,the article underscores the inadequacy of current multi-source fault diagnosis meth-odologies in tackling the intricacies of complex train operating environments,thereby highlighting its sig-nificance as a pressing and vital research agenda for the future.展开更多
Benthic habitat mapping is an emerging discipline in the international marine field in recent years,providing an effective tool for marine spatial planning,marine ecological management,and decision-making applications...Benthic habitat mapping is an emerging discipline in the international marine field in recent years,providing an effective tool for marine spatial planning,marine ecological management,and decision-making applications.Seabed sediment classification is one of the main contents of seabed habitat mapping.In response to the impact of remote sensing imaging quality and the limitations of acoustic measurement range,where a single data source does not fully reflect the substrate type,we proposed a high-precision seabed habitat sediment classification method that integrates data from multiple sources.Based on WorldView-2 multi-spectral remote sensing image data and multibeam bathymetry data,constructed a random forests(RF)classifier with optimal feature selection.A seabed sediment classification experiment integrating optical remote sensing and acoustic remote sensing data was carried out in the shallow water area of Wuzhizhou Island,Hainan,South China.Different seabed sediment types,such as sand,seagrass,and coral reefs were effectively identified,with an overall classification accuracy of 92%.Experimental results show that RF matrix optimized by fusing multi-source remote sensing data for feature selection were better than the classification results of simple combinations of data sources,which improved the accuracy of seabed sediment classification.Therefore,the method proposed in this paper can be effectively applied to high-precision seabed sediment classification and habitat mapping around islands and reefs.展开更多
Based on organic geochemical analysis data,this study examined the characteristics of multi-source hydrocarbon accumulation in the Tangdong area of Qikou Depression,Bohai Bay Basin.The results indicate that the Tangdo...Based on organic geochemical analysis data,this study examined the characteristics of multi-source hydrocarbon accumulation in the Tangdong area of Qikou Depression,Bohai Bay Basin.The results indicate that the Tangdong area contains four source rock sequences:the third member of the Dongying Formation(Ed3),the middle and lower sub-members of the first and third member of Shahejie Formation(Es 1M,Es 1L,Es 3).Both the salinity of sedimentary water bodies and the contribution of bacteria in the four source rock sequences gradual increase in the order of Es 3,Es 1M,Es 1L and Ed3,as indicated by the Ga/C30H,ETR,sterane/C30 hopane,C24TeT/C26TT,C23TT/C30H,and the carbon isotope data of group components.Additionally,certain quantities of 4-methylsterane have been detected in source rocks in the Es 3,Es 1M,and Ed3,suggesting the special contribution of dinoflagellates to these source rocks.Based on biomarker parameters and carbon isotope data,the crude oil can be categorized into classes A to D,which show complex multi-source accumulation characterized by different sources in the same well and even in the same layer.Class A crude oil occurring in the higher part of the Ed3 originates from source rocks in the Es 1L and Es 3.Class B oil existing in the lower part of the Ed3 is derived from source rocks in the Ed3.Class C oil found in the Es 1U is sourced from source rocks in the Es 1M.Class D oil present in the Es 1L is contributed indigenously by the source rocks in the Es 1L,establishing this unit as a lithologic hydrocarbon reservoir with source rocks and reservoirs in the same layer.Under the guidance of the understanding of multi-source hydrocarbon accumulation,currently,three wells have been drilled,all yielding satisfactory outcomes.展开更多
Despite the reported“warming-wetting”trend,Central Asia faces severe water insecurity due to climate shifts and anthropogenic activities.This study integrates multi-source remote sensing data(GRACE,TRMM,MODIS)with m...Despite the reported“warming-wetting”trend,Central Asia faces severe water insecurity due to climate shifts and anthropogenic activities.This study integrates multi-source remote sensing data(GRACE,TRMM,MODIS)with machine learning to analyze drought dynamics from 2003 to 2022 using the Water Storage Deficit Index(WSDI).Results reveal significant declines in terrestrial water storage(TWS)particularly in the Tianshan Mountains(–10.20 mm/yr)and the Central Desert(–6.19 mm/yr).Drought severity has intensified since 2014,with 67%of subregions transitioning to moderate drought.Random Forest modeling indicates that drought is no longer solely climate-driven but is increasingly dominated by anthropogenic factors(GDP,urbanization,cropland),which explain over 85%of the variability.Furthermore,the WSDI outperformed traditional indices by identifying 12 major drought events linked to deep aquifer depletion—a“hidden”structural deficit often overlooked by surface-based metrics.These findings challenge the optimistic“warming-wetting”narrative,highlighting the urgent need for storage-based management strategies to address anthropogenic groundwater depletion.展开更多
The spatial offset of bridge has a significant impact on the safety,comfort,and durability of high-speed railway(HSR)operations,so it is crucial to rapidly and effectively detect the spatial offset of operational HSR ...The spatial offset of bridge has a significant impact on the safety,comfort,and durability of high-speed railway(HSR)operations,so it is crucial to rapidly and effectively detect the spatial offset of operational HSR bridges.Drive-by monitoring of bridge uneven settlement demonstrates significant potential due to its practicality,cost-effectiveness,and efficiency.However,existing drive-by methods for detecting bridge offset have limitations such as reliance on a single data source,low detection accuracy,and the inability to identify lateral deformations of bridges.This paper proposes a novel drive-by inspection method for spatial offset of HSR bridge based on multi-source data fusion of comprehensive inspection train.Firstly,dung beetle optimizer-variational mode decomposition was employed to achieve adaptive decomposition of non-stationary dynamic signals,and explore the hidden temporal relationships in the data.Subsequently,a long short-term memory neural network was developed to achieve feature fusion of multi-source signal and accurate prediction of spatial settlement of HSR bridge.A dataset of track irregularities and CRH380A high-speed train responses was generated using a 3D train-track-bridge interaction model,and the accuracy and effectiveness of the proposed hybrid deep learning model were numerically validated.Finally,the reliability of the proposed drive-by inspection method was further validated by analyzing the actual measurement data obtained from comprehensive inspection train.The research findings indicate that the proposed approach enables rapid and accurate detection of spatial offset in HSR bridge,ensuring the long-term operational safety of HSR bridges.展开更多
Laser powder bed fusion is a key metal additive manufacturing technology capable of fabricating geometrically complex parts,yet its reliable industrial adoption is hindered by the inherent complexity and stochastic de...Laser powder bed fusion is a key metal additive manufacturing technology capable of fabricating geometrically complex parts,yet its reliable industrial adoption is hindered by the inherent complexity and stochastic defect formation of the process.Current quality assessment is constrained by the inherent latency of offline methods and the diagnostic limitations of single-sensor monitoring.To address these challenges,this study developed a multi-source optical signal monitoring system integrating coaxial photodiodes and an off-axis industrial camera to achieve simultaneous powder spreading detection and radiation signal monitoring during LPBF layer-wise process quality monitoring.Based on the successful identification and analysis of typical detectable features,the YOLOv5s deep learning model was employed to achieve rapid and accurate detection of lack-of-powder defects during the printing process.The training results indicated that the model exhibited good performance metrics.The relationships between process parameters,typical defects,and multi-channel monitoring data were also investigated.The monitoring system achieved a spatial resolution of 300μm for in-process monitoring and demonstrated high accuracy in detecting various defect types,including lack of powder,pores,warping,stitching seams,and printing failures.Furthermore,the algorithm-detected signal anomalies exhibited good spatial correlation with the actual surface defects.Simultaneously,wavelet time-frequency analysis was employed to evaluate molten pool dynamic stability under different process parameters and to analyze energy distribution for different defects.Furthermore,3D model reconstruction from signals enabled effective correlation with actual part defects.Based on the signal-driven process optimization,complex conformal cooling molds were successfully fabricated with a grafting accuracy error of less than 0.12 mm on high-performance substrates,demonstrating the practical efficacy of the developed monitoring methodology.This study provides both a technological and a theoretical foundation for intelligent quality control in LPBF and its practical implementation in industry.展开更多
Currently,most enterprises have adopted information software and digital equipment and gradually established digital factories.They conduct enterprise data collection and decision-support activities,generating large v...Currently,most enterprises have adopted information software and digital equipment and gradually established digital factories.They conduct enterprise data collection and decision-support activities,generating large volumes of multi-source heterogeneous data across all stages of the product life cycle.However,current data utilization methods remain simplistic,and the goal of leveraging multi-source heterogeneous data to drive manufacturing value has yet to be fully realized.To address this issue,this study first defines the concept and characteristics of multi-source heterogeneous data in intelligent manufacturing,based on an analysis of its relationship with industrial big data.Then,integrating principles from data science,a technological framework for multi-source heterogeneous data is proposed.The key technologies involved in each stage of data processing are investigated,and typical applications of such data in intelligent manufacturing are discussed.Finally,this paper analyzes the challenges and future development directions of multi-source heterogeneous data processing in intelligent manufacturing.The goal is to provide theoretical and technical support for integrating intelligent manufacturing with data science.展开更多
Hydraulic presses are indispensable in automotive and aerospace manufacturing,with hydraulic cylinders serving as key components for operational safety and product quality.Internal leakage faults in hydraulic cylinder...Hydraulic presses are indispensable in automotive and aerospace manufacturing,with hydraulic cylinders serving as key components for operational safety and product quality.Internal leakage faults in hydraulic cylinders are difficult to diagnose due to the scarcity of labeled data,the complexity of fault mechanisms,and the limited representation capability of single-signal methods under variable operating conditions.To address these issues,a hybrid deep learning feature fusion model based on displacement error and pressure signal,including convolutional autoencoder,multi-head attention mechanism,residual network and bidirectional long short time series neural network(CAEMRAB),is proposed for the diagnosis and classification of leakage faults in hydraulic cylinders.A hydraulic cylinder test system simulates heavy load,variable speed,and nonlinear motion under actual operating conditions.Through the all-round deep feature decoupling of the proposed model,the multi-source signal representation ability in complex and multi-noise environments is enhanced,effectively extracting the local and global features of displacement error and pressure signal fault data and achieving efficient classification.Experimental results indicate that the proposed model achieves at least a 3.95%improvement in diagnostic accuracy compared with ablation models.In addition,it exhibits high diagnostic stability across other models,single-signal diagnosis,varying sample sizes,and complex noise conditions.These experiments fully validate the superior performance of the proposed method in terms of diagnostic accuracy,reliability,and robustness.展开更多
The era of big data has profoundly transformed mechanics research,with data-driven approaches playing a vital role in modeling and optimization.This study focuses on tunnel boring machine(TBM),where the thrust-torque ...The era of big data has profoundly transformed mechanics research,with data-driven approaches playing a vital role in modeling and optimization.This study focuses on tunnel boring machine(TBM),where the thrust-torque ratio is a key determinant of their tunneling energy efficiency.However,due to the complexity of experiments and the testing requirements,obtaining sufficient high-quality data under varying geological conditions remains a major challenge in optimizing the tunneling energy efficiency of TBM.To address this,multi-cutter rotary cutting machine experiments and numerical simulations were conducted on 22 different rock types.Comprehensive datasets of normal and rolling forces were systematically collected.Using specific energy(SE)as the rock-breaking efficiency metric,we integrated physical and numerical data through a CatBoost-based fusion framework.The predictive model was initially trained on simulation data to capture the relationships among penetration,uniaxial compressive strength,tensile strength,and SE,and was subsequently fine-tuned with experimental data to develop the final fused model.Compared to models trained solely on experimental or simulated data,the fused model reduced RMSE by 37.1%and 58.6%,respectively,and improved R2by 19.0%and 44.6%,thereby enhancing both prediction accuracy and generalization capability.Furthermore,Bayesian optimization was employed to minimize SE and identify the optimal penetration.The results indicate that as rock strength increases,the optimal penetration decreases,while the corresponding minimal SE increases.These findings provide theoretical and engineering insights for improving TBM energy efficiency and parameter optimization,while establishing a robust data fusion framework for mechanical data analysis.展开更多
Agriculture is the foundation of socio-economic development and is highly influenced by weather and climate conditions.Drought is one of the most significant threats to agricultural development and food security.Curre...Agriculture is the foundation of socio-economic development and is highly influenced by weather and climate conditions.Drought is one of the most significant threats to agricultural development and food security.Currently,in-situ drought monitoring based on weather stations and based on remote sensing data has limitations,including infrequent updates,limited coverage,and low accuracy.This study leverages multi-source remote sensing data to monitor agricultural drought in Heilongjiang Province,China.We developed multi-source composite drought indices(MCDIs)at various timescales(3,6,9,and 12 months)by integrating precipitation,land surface temperature,soil moisture,and vegetation indices.Utilizing remote sensing data from various sources,we calculated a series of single drought indices,which are the precipitation condition index,soil moisture condition index,vegetation condition index,and temperature condition index.These are then integrated into MCDIs using a multivariable linear regression approach.The analysis reveals that MCDIs correlate more with standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index(SPEI)than single drought indices.When examining the correlation between different MCDIs and the affected area of crops and major grain production,MCDI-9 showed the highest correlation with the affected area of crops,while MCDI-12 showed the highest correlation with grain production.This suggests that these two MCDIs at different timescales are better indicators of agricultural drought.The spatio-temporal analysis of MCDI indicates that drought in Heilongjiang Province primarily occurs in early spring,gradually spreading from the Greater Khingan Mountains region to the southeastern plains.The drought gradually alleviates during the summer,ending by the autumn harvest period.Therefore,the MCDIs constructed in this study can serve as effective methods and indicators for drought monitoring in Heilongjiang Province and similar regions.展开更多
With the rapid development of Industrial 4.0 and Industrial Internet of Things,the data collection with multisource has significantly improved.How to effectively fuse these data for various engineering applications is...With the rapid development of Industrial 4.0 and Industrial Internet of Things,the data collection with multisource has significantly improved.How to effectively fuse these data for various engineering applications is still an open and challenge issue.To this end,we propose the canonical correlation guided deep neural network(CCDNN),a novel deep learning architecture,to learn a correlated representation for multi-source data fusion.Unlike the linear canonical correlation analysis(CCA),kernel CCA and deep CCA,in the proposed method,the optimization formulation is not restricted to maximize correlation,instead we make canonical correlation as a constraint,which preserves the correlated representation learning ability and focuses more on the engineering tasks endowed by optimization formulation,such as reconstruction,classification and prediction.Furthermore,to reduce the redundancy induced by correlation,a redundancy filter is designed.We illustrate its data fusion ability via correlated representation learning and superior performance on various engineering tasks.In experiments on MNIST dataset,the results show that CCDNN has better reconstruction performance in terms of mean squared error and mean absolute error than deep CCA and deep canonically correlated autoencoders(DCCAE).Also,we present the application of the proposed network to industrial fault diagnosis and remaining useful life cases for the classification and prediction tasks accordingly.The proposed method demonstrates approving performance in both tasks when compared to existing methods.Extension of CCDNN to much more deeper with the aid of residual connection is also presented in Appendix.展开更多
Domain adaptation aims to reduce the distribution gap between the training data(source domain)and the target data.This enables effective predictions even for domains not seen during training.However,most conventional ...Domain adaptation aims to reduce the distribution gap between the training data(source domain)and the target data.This enables effective predictions even for domains not seen during training.However,most conventional domain adaptation methods assume a single source domain,making them less suitable for modern deep learning settings that rely on diverse and large-scale datasets.To address this limitation,recent research has focused on Multi-Source Domain Adaptation(MSDA),which aims to learn effectively from multiple source domains.In this paper,we propose Efficient Domain Transition for Multi-source(EDTM),a novel and efficient framework designed to tackle two major challenges in existing MSDA approaches:(1)integrating knowledge across different source domains and(2)aligning label distributions between source and target domains.EDTM leverages an ensemble-based classifier expert mechanism to enhance the contribution of source domains that are more similar to the target domain.To further stabilize the learning process and improve performance,we incorporate imitation learning into the training of the target model.In addition,Maximum Classifier Discrepancy(MCD)is employed to align class-wise label distributions between the source and target domains.Experiments were conducted using Digits-Five,one of the most representative benchmark datasets for MSDA.The results show that EDTM consistently outperforms existing methods in terms of average classification accuracy.Notably,EDTM achieved significantly higher performance on target domains such as Modified National Institute of Standards and Technolog with blended background images(MNIST-M)and Street View House Numbers(SVHN)datasets,demonstrating enhanced generalization compared to baseline approaches.Furthermore,an ablation study analyzing the contribution of each loss component validated the effectiveness of the framework,highlighting the importance of each module in achieving optimal performance.展开更多
By combining eight types of evapotranspiration datasets,the spatial and temporal variations in the evapotranspiration(ET)on the northern slope of the Kunlun Mountains were analyzed in uninhabited areas that lack obser...By combining eight types of evapotranspiration datasets,the spatial and temporal variations in the evapotranspiration(ET)on the northern slope of the Kunlun Mountains were analyzed in uninhabited areas that lack observational data.The order of the average annual ET was ERA5_Land(312.32 mm/a)>CR(239.80 mm/a)>MOD16STM(211.87 mm/a)>GLADS(119.02 mm/a)>ETM(111.88 mm/a)>EB-ET(109.90 mm/a)>GLEAM(100.84 mm/a)>MERRA-2(100.81 mm/a).The ET value from the ERA5_Land dataset was three times higher than that of the other five datasets.The ET values of the CR and MOD16STM datasets were twice that of the other five datasets.In terms of time,the correlation coefficient between the GLEAM and MERRA-2 datasets was the highest(R?0.82).In terms of space,GLDAS and MERRA-2 had the highest multi-year average ET correlation coefficient(R?0.80).The reduction in spatial scale resulted in clear differences in the multi-year average ET correlations among different products in the same region.In terms of time,the average annual ET of the basins on the northern slope of the Kunlun Mountains exhibited an overall increasing trend for all data sources,and the overall annual average change in the study area estimated by the eight datasets was 1.09 mm/a.The most rapid rates of increase were obtained from GLDAS(1.38 mm/a)and GLEAM(1.38 mm/a).In the CR,ERA5_Land,GLEAM,GLDAS,MERRA-2,ETM,MOD16STM,and EB-ET datasets,46.46%,41.47%,87.30%,40.30%,49.10%,47.13%,57.16%,and 45.12%of the watersheds,respectively,showed a significantly increasing trend.The ET value of the Yarkand River Basin showed a significantly increasing trend for all eight data sources.The results of this study provide a scientific reference for the allocation of water resources on the northern slope of the Kunlun Mountains.展开更多
Traditional malware detection models rely on a single feature source for detection,resulting in high false positive or false negative rates due to incomplete information.In addition,conventional models depend on manua...Traditional malware detection models rely on a single feature source for detection,resulting in high false positive or false negative rates due to incomplete information.In addition,conventional models depend on manual feature engineering,which is inefficient and hard to adapt to new malware variants.To address these challenges,this paper proposes a malware detection model called WAFDect based on a self-attention mechanism with multi-source feature fusion.The model consists of two key designs.First,we construct a multi-source feature extraction model that analyzes multi-source data such as API call sequences,registry operation logs,file operation logs,and network behavior logs,capturing malware characteristics at multiple abstraction levels and building a global representation of maliciousness,thereby overcoming the problem of single feature sources in traditional models.Second,to address the heterogeneity of multi-source features in terms of dimension,scale,and semantics,we design a feature alignment module based on attention weights.This module can dynamically learn the association strength between different feature modalities and achieve semantic alignment and adaptive fusion of cross-modal features through a weighting allocation mechanism,effectively reducing the reliance on manual feature engineering in traditional methods.The experimental results indicate that WAFDect achieved excellent detection performance on the Speakeasy(trainset)and Avast-CTU_Small datasets,with accuracies of 0.9229 and 0.9878,respectively.Compared with traditional detection models,this method shows significant improvements in key metrics such as accuracy and F1 score,thereby validating its effectiveness.展开更多
This study proposes an optimized ensemble learning framework for energy-efficiency assessment in low-voltage distribution networks by integrating multiple data sources.The framework integrates heterogeneous data from ...This study proposes an optimized ensemble learning framework for energy-efficiency assessment in low-voltage distribution networks by integrating multiple data sources.The framework integrates heterogeneous data from smart meters,SCADA systems,meteorological stations,and network topology databases,employing advanced feature engineering to extract 89 essential predictors from 147 initial features.Three gradient boosting algorithms-Random Forest,XGBoost,and LightGBM-are combined through an elastic net stacking strategy with Bayesian hyperparameter optimization.The stacking ensemble achieved superior performance with an MAE of 118.4 kWh,an RMSE of 164.2 kWh,an MAPE of 3.98%,and an R2of 0.952,representing 16.8%improvement over individual models.SHAP analysis provided model interpretability,identifying temperature,historical consumption,and temporal features as the primary drivers of efficiency.The framework demonstrated robust performance under data quality degradation and successfully generalized across diverse network configurations.Field implementation yielded an 8.3%reduction in distribution losses(95%CI:7.2%-9.4%,p<0.0001),34%decrease in transformer failure rates(95%CI:28%-40%,p=0.003),and 12%-15%operational cost reduction.The framework's ability to provide accurate predictions from 15 min to 24 h ahead while maintaining computational efficiency enables proactive distribution network management,supporting the transition toward efficient and sustainable power systems.展开更多
Objective:To construct an early warning model for sepsis complicating severe acute pancreatitis based on multi-source physiological signal fusion,improve the efficiency of early sepsis identification,and provide objec...Objective:To construct an early warning model for sepsis complicating severe acute pancreatitis based on multi-source physiological signal fusion,improve the efficiency of early sepsis identification,and provide objective decision-making evidence for clinical early intervention.Methods:A total of 66 patients diagnosed with severe acute pancreatitis admitted from February 2019 to February2024 were enrolled and divided into sepsis and non-sepsis groups.Multi-dimensional data were collected,including dynamic physiological signals(electrocardiography,respiration,blood pressure)and routine laboratory biomarkers(procalcitonin,white blood cell count).All signals underwent targeted preprocessing,and multi-domain features were extracted from time,frequency,and nonlinear dimensions.Weighted feature fusion and principal component analysis(PCA)were performed for dimensionality reduction,and 24 core principal components were finally retained.A hybrid deep learning model integrating convolutional neural network(CNN)and long shortterm memory(LSTM)was established.The overall dataset was randomly divided into a training set and a validation set at a ratio of 7∶3.Model performance was quantitatively evaluated using accuracy,sensitivity,specificity,and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve(AUC),and was further compared with conventional single infection biomarkers.Results:Feature weight analysis demonstrated that procalcitonin,respiratory rate variability,and standard deviation of mean arterial pressure were the dominant core warning features.In the validation cohort,the proposed model achieved an accuracy of 85.0%,a sensitivity of 83.3%,a specificity of86.7%,and an AUC of 0.903(95%CI:0.786-0.969),which was significantly superior to traditional biomarkers including procalcitonin and white blood cell count(P<0.001).The model provided early sepsis warnings at an average time of(18.56±6.13)h before clinical confirmation,and 72.0%of patients acquired a clinical intervention window of no less than 12 h.Conclusion:The multi-source physiological signal fusion model integrates dynamic physiological time-series signals and static laboratory indicators to effectively capture subtle and complex early physiological perturbations during sepsis progression.It exhibits superior performance in both warning accuracy and timeliness compared with conventional detection methods,which serves as a reliable quantitative tool for early identification of sepsis in patients with severe acute pancreatitis.展开更多
As a core geospatial data product, Digital Orthophoto Map (DOM) plays a key role in many fields such as urban planning, disaster assessment, engineering surveying and mapping, and topographic mapping. With the increas...As a core geospatial data product, Digital Orthophoto Map (DOM) plays a key role in many fields such as urban planning, disaster assessment, engineering surveying and mapping, and topographic mapping. With the increasing requirements of various industries for the timeliness and accuracy of DOM, the traditional single-data-source update method can hardly meet the actual needs. Aiming at this problem, this paper deeply studies the rapid update and accuracy improvement methods of DOM driven by multi-source aerial data fusion. The research shows that multi-source aerial data fusion technology can effectively improve the efficiency and accuracy of DOM update, providing reliable support for the efficient application of geospatial data.展开更多
To elucidate the fracturing mechanism of deep hard rock under complex disturbance environments,this study investigates the dynamic failure behavior of pre-damaged granite subjected to multi-source dynamic disturbances...To elucidate the fracturing mechanism of deep hard rock under complex disturbance environments,this study investigates the dynamic failure behavior of pre-damaged granite subjected to multi-source dynamic disturbances.Blasting vibration monitoring was conducted in a deep-buried drill-and-blast tunnel to characterize in-situ dynamic loading conditions.Subsequently,true triaxial compression tests incorporating multi-source disturbances were performed using a self-developed wide-low-frequency true triaxial system to simulate disturbance accumulation and damage evolution in granite.The results demonstrate that combined dynamic disturbances and unloading damage significantly accelerate strength degradation and trigger shear-slip failure along preferentially oriented blast-induced fractures,with strength reductions up to 16.7%.Layered failure was observed on the free surface of pre-damaged granite under biaxial loading,indicating a disturbance-induced fracture localization mechanism.Time-stress-fracture-energy coupling fields were constructed to reveal the spatiotemporal characteristics of fracture evolution.Critical precursor frequency bands(105-150,185-225,and 300-325 kHz)were identified,which serve as diagnostic signatures of impending failure.A dynamic instability mechanism driven by multi-source disturbance superposition and pre-damage evolution was established.Furthermore,a grouting-based wave-absorption control strategy was proposed to mitigate deep dynamic disasters by attenuating disturbance amplitude and reducing excitation frequency.展开更多
Accurate monitoring of track irregularities is very helpful to improving the vehicle operation quality and to formulating appropriate track maintenance strategies.Existing methods have the problem that they rely on co...Accurate monitoring of track irregularities is very helpful to improving the vehicle operation quality and to formulating appropriate track maintenance strategies.Existing methods have the problem that they rely on complex signal processing algorithms and lack multi-source data analysis.Driven by multi-source measurement data,including the axle box,the bogie frame and the carbody accelerations,this paper proposes a track irregularities monitoring network(TIMNet)based on deep learning methods.TIMNet uses the feature extraction capability of convolutional neural networks and the sequence map-ping capability of the long short-term memory model to explore the mapping relationship between vehicle accelerations and track irregularities.The particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to optimize the network parameters,so that both the vertical and lateral track irregularities can be accurately identified in the time and spatial domains.The effectiveness and superiority of the proposed TIMNet is analyzed under different simulation conditions using a vehicle dynamics model.Field tests are conducted to prove the availability of the proposed TIMNet in quantitatively monitoring vertical and lateral track irregularities.Furthermore,comparative tests show that the TIMNet has a better fitting degree and timeliness in monitoring track irregularities(vertical R2 of 0.91,lateral R2 of 0.84 and time cost of 10 ms),compared to other classical regression.The test also proves that the TIMNet has a better anti-interference ability than other regression models.展开更多
基金financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52375447,52305477 and 52105457)the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.ZR2023QE057,ZR2024QE100 and ZR2024ME255)+2 种基金the Shandong Provincial Science and Technology SMEs Innovation Capacity Improvement Project(Grant No.2024TSGC0239)the Special Fund of Taishan Scholars Project,the Shandong Province Youth Science and Technology Talent Support Project(Grant No.SDAST2024QTA043)the Open Funding of Key Lab of Industrial Fluid Energy Conservation and Pollution Control,Ministry of Education(Grant Nos.CK-2024-0031,CK-2024-0035 and CK-2024-0036).
摘要Multi-source errors,as critical obstacles limiting the accuracy retention and machining performance of machine tools,hold fundamental and strategic significance for achieving high-precision,high-efficiency,and high-reliability machining in modern manufacturing systems.However,these errors typically exhibit complex characteristics such as strong coupling,time-variance,and nonlinearity,which challenge traditional methods of error identification,modeling,and compensation in terms of adaptability,real-time capability,and integration.Therefore,it is imperative to establish a systematic and intelligent multi-source error control framework.Firstly,this work systematically reviews typical error sources and their evolution mechanisms,evaluates multi-scale detection technologies including laser interferometry,double ball-bar systems,multi-sensor fusion,and vision-based systems,and constructs an intelligent error identification and evaluation framework.Next,it reviews classical modeling methods such as homogeneous transformation matrices,screw theory,thermal equilibrium models,finite element analysis,and modal analysis,compares physical modeling,data-driven,and hybrid modeling strategies,and develops an integrated multi-source error modeling architecture centered on digital twin technology and artificial intelligence.Furthermore,key technologies,including geometric error mapping and real-time compensation,online thermal error prediction and active temperature control,dynamic error suppression,and adaptive control,are summarized.A multi-level integrated error compensation architecture is proposed by combining physical models,data models,and cyber-physical synchronization.This architecture encompasses core processes such as error traceability and decoupling,dynamic prediction,real-time compensation,and closed-loop optimization,emphasizing engineering implementation mechanisms based on cyber-physical collaboration,multi-physics coupling,and multi-scale fusion,thereby effectively enhancing accuracy stability and control robustness under complex operating conditions.Finally,frontier challenges such as constructing high-fidelity coupled models from heterogeneous multi-source data,edge-cloud collaborative control,and cross-platform interoperability are discussed.The application prospects of multi-source error evaluation are also envisioned,providing theoretical foundations and technical support for the precise management and optimization of the entire lifecycle accuracy of machine tools.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12393783,12302067,12172235,52072249)Joint Funds of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.U24A2003)+3 种基金College Education Scientific Research Project of Hebei Province(Grant No.JZX2024006)Central Guiding Local Scientific and Technological Development Funding Project(Grant No.246Z2206G)the Key Research Project of China State Railway Group Co.,Ltd.(Grant No.N2024T009)S&T Program of Hebei(Grant No.21567622H).
摘要As China's high-speed railway technology advances,high-speed trains have emerged as a pivotal mode of transportation,instrumental in facilitating passenger and freight mobility while fostering robust regional eco-nomic and trade interactions.Nonetheless,the safety of train operations remains a paramount concern,prompting extensive research into the dynamic behavior of critical components,which is essential to ensuring seamless and secure transportation services.This article commences by comprehensively reviewing the current landscape and evolutionary trajectory of dynamic model analysis for both traditional bearings and axle box bearings.Emphasis is placed on elucidating the profound influence of diverse bearing fault types on the system's kinematic state,alongside delving into the research methodologies employed in developing multi-physics field coupling models.Subsequently,it expounds on the content of investigations focusing on various wheel and track impairments,grounded in the dynamic modeling of the bearing vehicle coupling system.Concurrently,the intricate interplay between wheel-rail excitation and axle box bearing faults on the system's performance is elucidated.Concludingly,the article underscores the inadequacy of current multi-source fault diagnosis meth-odologies in tackling the intricacies of complex train operating environments,thereby highlighting its sig-nificance as a pressing and vital research agenda for the future.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.42376185,41876111)the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation(No.ZR2023MD073)。
摘要Benthic habitat mapping is an emerging discipline in the international marine field in recent years,providing an effective tool for marine spatial planning,marine ecological management,and decision-making applications.Seabed sediment classification is one of the main contents of seabed habitat mapping.In response to the impact of remote sensing imaging quality and the limitations of acoustic measurement range,where a single data source does not fully reflect the substrate type,we proposed a high-precision seabed habitat sediment classification method that integrates data from multiple sources.Based on WorldView-2 multi-spectral remote sensing image data and multibeam bathymetry data,constructed a random forests(RF)classifier with optimal feature selection.A seabed sediment classification experiment integrating optical remote sensing and acoustic remote sensing data was carried out in the shallow water area of Wuzhizhou Island,Hainan,South China.Different seabed sediment types,such as sand,seagrass,and coral reefs were effectively identified,with an overall classification accuracy of 92%.Experimental results show that RF matrix optimized by fusing multi-source remote sensing data for feature selection were better than the classification results of simple combinations of data sources,which improved the accuracy of seabed sediment classification.Therefore,the method proposed in this paper can be effectively applied to high-precision seabed sediment classification and habitat mapping around islands and reefs.
基金funded by the National Science and Technology Major Project(No.2024ZD14001).
摘要Based on organic geochemical analysis data,this study examined the characteristics of multi-source hydrocarbon accumulation in the Tangdong area of Qikou Depression,Bohai Bay Basin.The results indicate that the Tangdong area contains four source rock sequences:the third member of the Dongying Formation(Ed3),the middle and lower sub-members of the first and third member of Shahejie Formation(Es 1M,Es 1L,Es 3).Both the salinity of sedimentary water bodies and the contribution of bacteria in the four source rock sequences gradual increase in the order of Es 3,Es 1M,Es 1L and Ed3,as indicated by the Ga/C30H,ETR,sterane/C30 hopane,C24TeT/C26TT,C23TT/C30H,and the carbon isotope data of group components.Additionally,certain quantities of 4-methylsterane have been detected in source rocks in the Es 3,Es 1M,and Ed3,suggesting the special contribution of dinoflagellates to these source rocks.Based on biomarker parameters and carbon isotope data,the crude oil can be categorized into classes A to D,which show complex multi-source accumulation characterized by different sources in the same well and even in the same layer.Class A crude oil occurring in the higher part of the Ed3 originates from source rocks in the Es 1L and Es 3.Class B oil existing in the lower part of the Ed3 is derived from source rocks in the Ed3.Class C oil found in the Es 1U is sourced from source rocks in the Es 1M.Class D oil present in the Es 1L is contributed indigenously by the source rocks in the Es 1L,establishing this unit as a lithologic hydrocarbon reservoir with source rocks and reservoirs in the same layer.Under the guidance of the understanding of multi-source hydrocarbon accumulation,currently,three wells have been drilled,all yielding satisfactory outcomes.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.42371040Key Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province,No.23JRRA698Western Light Young Scholars Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences,No.25JR6KA001。
摘要Despite the reported“warming-wetting”trend,Central Asia faces severe water insecurity due to climate shifts and anthropogenic activities.This study integrates multi-source remote sensing data(GRACE,TRMM,MODIS)with machine learning to analyze drought dynamics from 2003 to 2022 using the Water Storage Deficit Index(WSDI).Results reveal significant declines in terrestrial water storage(TWS)particularly in the Tianshan Mountains(–10.20 mm/yr)and the Central Desert(–6.19 mm/yr).Drought severity has intensified since 2014,with 67%of subregions transitioning to moderate drought.Random Forest modeling indicates that drought is no longer solely climate-driven but is increasingly dominated by anthropogenic factors(GDP,urbanization,cropland),which explain over 85%of the variability.Furthermore,the WSDI outperformed traditional indices by identifying 12 major drought events linked to deep aquifer depletion—a“hidden”structural deficit often overlooked by surface-based metrics.These findings challenge the optimistic“warming-wetting”narrative,highlighting the urgent need for storage-based management strategies to address anthropogenic groundwater depletion.
基金sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52178100).
摘要The spatial offset of bridge has a significant impact on the safety,comfort,and durability of high-speed railway(HSR)operations,so it is crucial to rapidly and effectively detect the spatial offset of operational HSR bridges.Drive-by monitoring of bridge uneven settlement demonstrates significant potential due to its practicality,cost-effectiveness,and efficiency.However,existing drive-by methods for detecting bridge offset have limitations such as reliance on a single data source,low detection accuracy,and the inability to identify lateral deformations of bridges.This paper proposes a novel drive-by inspection method for spatial offset of HSR bridge based on multi-source data fusion of comprehensive inspection train.Firstly,dung beetle optimizer-variational mode decomposition was employed to achieve adaptive decomposition of non-stationary dynamic signals,and explore the hidden temporal relationships in the data.Subsequently,a long short-term memory neural network was developed to achieve feature fusion of multi-source signal and accurate prediction of spatial settlement of HSR bridge.A dataset of track irregularities and CRH380A high-speed train responses was generated using a 3D train-track-bridge interaction model,and the accuracy and effectiveness of the proposed hybrid deep learning model were numerically validated.Finally,the reliability of the proposed drive-by inspection method was further validated by analyzing the actual measurement data obtained from comprehensive inspection train.The research findings indicate that the proposed approach enables rapid and accurate detection of spatial offset in HSR bridge,ensuring the long-term operational safety of HSR bridges.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52475349)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(Grant No.2022B1515020064)National Key R&D program of China(Grant No.2022YFF0606000).
摘要Laser powder bed fusion is a key metal additive manufacturing technology capable of fabricating geometrically complex parts,yet its reliable industrial adoption is hindered by the inherent complexity and stochastic defect formation of the process.Current quality assessment is constrained by the inherent latency of offline methods and the diagnostic limitations of single-sensor monitoring.To address these challenges,this study developed a multi-source optical signal monitoring system integrating coaxial photodiodes and an off-axis industrial camera to achieve simultaneous powder spreading detection and radiation signal monitoring during LPBF layer-wise process quality monitoring.Based on the successful identification and analysis of typical detectable features,the YOLOv5s deep learning model was employed to achieve rapid and accurate detection of lack-of-powder defects during the printing process.The training results indicated that the model exhibited good performance metrics.The relationships between process parameters,typical defects,and multi-channel monitoring data were also investigated.The monitoring system achieved a spatial resolution of 300μm for in-process monitoring and demonstrated high accuracy in detecting various defect types,including lack of powder,pores,warping,stitching seams,and printing failures.Furthermore,the algorithm-detected signal anomalies exhibited good spatial correlation with the actual surface defects.Simultaneously,wavelet time-frequency analysis was employed to evaluate molten pool dynamic stability under different process parameters and to analyze energy distribution for different defects.Furthermore,3D model reconstruction from signals enabled effective correlation with actual part defects.Based on the signal-driven process optimization,complex conformal cooling molds were successfully fabricated with a grafting accuracy error of less than 0.12 mm on high-performance substrates,demonstrating the practical efficacy of the developed monitoring methodology.This study provides both a technological and a theoretical foundation for intelligent quality control in LPBF and its practical implementation in industry.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,grant number 62172033.
摘要Currently,most enterprises have adopted information software and digital equipment and gradually established digital factories.They conduct enterprise data collection and decision-support activities,generating large volumes of multi-source heterogeneous data across all stages of the product life cycle.However,current data utilization methods remain simplistic,and the goal of leveraging multi-source heterogeneous data to drive manufacturing value has yet to be fully realized.To address this issue,this study first defines the concept and characteristics of multi-source heterogeneous data in intelligent manufacturing,based on an analysis of its relationship with industrial big data.Then,integrating principles from data science,a technological framework for multi-source heterogeneous data is proposed.The key technologies involved in each stage of data processing are investigated,and typical applications of such data in intelligent manufacturing are discussed.Finally,this paper analyzes the challenges and future development directions of multi-source heterogeneous data processing in intelligent manufacturing.The goal is to provide theoretical and technical support for integrating intelligent manufacturing with data science.
基金the Scientific Research Foundation for High-level Talents of Anhui University of Science and Technology(2024yjrc73)R&D and industrialization of high-precision intelligent forging equipment for forming large-size light alloy components(202423i08050024)a large die forging press operation condition monitoring sensor and system application(2023YFB3210805)。
摘要Hydraulic presses are indispensable in automotive and aerospace manufacturing,with hydraulic cylinders serving as key components for operational safety and product quality.Internal leakage faults in hydraulic cylinders are difficult to diagnose due to the scarcity of labeled data,the complexity of fault mechanisms,and the limited representation capability of single-signal methods under variable operating conditions.To address these issues,a hybrid deep learning feature fusion model based on displacement error and pressure signal,including convolutional autoencoder,multi-head attention mechanism,residual network and bidirectional long short time series neural network(CAEMRAB),is proposed for the diagnosis and classification of leakage faults in hydraulic cylinders.A hydraulic cylinder test system simulates heavy load,variable speed,and nonlinear motion under actual operating conditions.Through the all-round deep feature decoupling of the proposed model,the multi-source signal representation ability in complex and multi-noise environments is enhanced,effectively extracting the local and global features of displacement error and pressure signal fault data and achieving efficient classification.Experimental results indicate that the proposed model achieves at least a 3.95%improvement in diagnostic accuracy compared with ablation models.In addition,it exhibits high diagnostic stability across other models,single-signal diagnosis,varying sample sizes,and complex noise conditions.These experiments fully validate the superior performance of the proposed method in terms of diagnostic accuracy,reliability,and robustness.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,12021002,Qian Zhang,12372186,QianZhang,Emerging Frontiers Cultivation Program of Tianjin University Interdisciplinary Center.
摘要The era of big data has profoundly transformed mechanics research,with data-driven approaches playing a vital role in modeling and optimization.This study focuses on tunnel boring machine(TBM),where the thrust-torque ratio is a key determinant of their tunneling energy efficiency.However,due to the complexity of experiments and the testing requirements,obtaining sufficient high-quality data under varying geological conditions remains a major challenge in optimizing the tunneling energy efficiency of TBM.To address this,multi-cutter rotary cutting machine experiments and numerical simulations were conducted on 22 different rock types.Comprehensive datasets of normal and rolling forces were systematically collected.Using specific energy(SE)as the rock-breaking efficiency metric,we integrated physical and numerical data through a CatBoost-based fusion framework.The predictive model was initially trained on simulation data to capture the relationships among penetration,uniaxial compressive strength,tensile strength,and SE,and was subsequently fine-tuned with experimental data to develop the final fused model.Compared to models trained solely on experimental or simulated data,the fused model reduced RMSE by 37.1%and 58.6%,respectively,and improved R2by 19.0%and 44.6%,thereby enhancing both prediction accuracy and generalization capability.Furthermore,Bayesian optimization was employed to minimize SE and identify the optimal penetration.The results indicate that as rock strength increases,the optimal penetration decreases,while the corresponding minimal SE increases.These findings provide theoretical and engineering insights for improving TBM energy efficiency and parameter optimization,while establishing a robust data fusion framework for mechanical data analysis.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFD2001105)。
摘要Agriculture is the foundation of socio-economic development and is highly influenced by weather and climate conditions.Drought is one of the most significant threats to agricultural development and food security.Currently,in-situ drought monitoring based on weather stations and based on remote sensing data has limitations,including infrequent updates,limited coverage,and low accuracy.This study leverages multi-source remote sensing data to monitor agricultural drought in Heilongjiang Province,China.We developed multi-source composite drought indices(MCDIs)at various timescales(3,6,9,and 12 months)by integrating precipitation,land surface temperature,soil moisture,and vegetation indices.Utilizing remote sensing data from various sources,we calculated a series of single drought indices,which are the precipitation condition index,soil moisture condition index,vegetation condition index,and temperature condition index.These are then integrated into MCDIs using a multivariable linear regression approach.The analysis reveals that MCDIs correlate more with standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index(SPEI)than single drought indices.When examining the correlation between different MCDIs and the affected area of crops and major grain production,MCDI-9 showed the highest correlation with the affected area of crops,while MCDI-12 showed the highest correlation with grain production.This suggests that these two MCDIs at different timescales are better indicators of agricultural drought.The spatio-temporal analysis of MCDI indicates that drought in Heilongjiang Province primarily occurs in early spring,gradually spreading from the Greater Khingan Mountains region to the southeastern plains.The drought gradually alleviates during the summer,ending by the autumn harvest period.Therefore,the MCDIs constructed in this study can serve as effective methods and indicators for drought monitoring in Heilongjiang Province and similar regions.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62173349)the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(2025JJ10007)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(2022JJ20076)the Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province(2022RC1090)。
摘要With the rapid development of Industrial 4.0 and Industrial Internet of Things,the data collection with multisource has significantly improved.How to effectively fuse these data for various engineering applications is still an open and challenge issue.To this end,we propose the canonical correlation guided deep neural network(CCDNN),a novel deep learning architecture,to learn a correlated representation for multi-source data fusion.Unlike the linear canonical correlation analysis(CCA),kernel CCA and deep CCA,in the proposed method,the optimization formulation is not restricted to maximize correlation,instead we make canonical correlation as a constraint,which preserves the correlated representation learning ability and focuses more on the engineering tasks endowed by optimization formulation,such as reconstruction,classification and prediction.Furthermore,to reduce the redundancy induced by correlation,a redundancy filter is designed.We illustrate its data fusion ability via correlated representation learning and superior performance on various engineering tasks.In experiments on MNIST dataset,the results show that CCDNN has better reconstruction performance in terms of mean squared error and mean absolute error than deep CCA and deep canonically correlated autoencoders(DCCAE).Also,we present the application of the proposed network to industrial fault diagnosis and remaining useful life cases for the classification and prediction tasks accordingly.The proposed method demonstrates approving performance in both tasks when compared to existing methods.Extension of CCDNN to much more deeper with the aid of residual connection is also presented in Appendix.
基金supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)grant funded by the Korea government(MSIT)(No.RS-2024-00406320)the Institute of Information&Communica-tions Technology Planning&Evaluation(IITP)-Innovative Human Resource Development for Local Intellectualization Program Grant funded by the Korea government(MSIT)(IITP-2026-RS-2023-00259678).
摘要Domain adaptation aims to reduce the distribution gap between the training data(source domain)and the target data.This enables effective predictions even for domains not seen during training.However,most conventional domain adaptation methods assume a single source domain,making them less suitable for modern deep learning settings that rely on diverse and large-scale datasets.To address this limitation,recent research has focused on Multi-Source Domain Adaptation(MSDA),which aims to learn effectively from multiple source domains.In this paper,we propose Efficient Domain Transition for Multi-source(EDTM),a novel and efficient framework designed to tackle two major challenges in existing MSDA approaches:(1)integrating knowledge across different source domains and(2)aligning label distributions between source and target domains.EDTM leverages an ensemble-based classifier expert mechanism to enhance the contribution of source domains that are more similar to the target domain.To further stabilize the learning process and improve performance,we incorporate imitation learning into the training of the target model.In addition,Maximum Classifier Discrepancy(MCD)is employed to align class-wise label distributions between the source and target domains.Experiments were conducted using Digits-Five,one of the most representative benchmark datasets for MSDA.The results show that EDTM consistently outperforms existing methods in terms of average classification accuracy.Notably,EDTM achieved significantly higher performance on target domains such as Modified National Institute of Standards and Technolog with blended background images(MNIST-M)and Street View House Numbers(SVHN)datasets,demonstrating enhanced generalization compared to baseline approaches.Furthermore,an ablation study analyzing the contribution of each loss component validated the effectiveness of the framework,highlighting the importance of each module in achieving optimal performance.
基金funded by the Third Xinjiang Scientific Expedition Program(Grant No.2021xjkk0101)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.42071047 and 41771035)the Basic Research Innovation Group Project of Gansu Province(Grant No.22JR5RA129).
摘要By combining eight types of evapotranspiration datasets,the spatial and temporal variations in the evapotranspiration(ET)on the northern slope of the Kunlun Mountains were analyzed in uninhabited areas that lack observational data.The order of the average annual ET was ERA5_Land(312.32 mm/a)>CR(239.80 mm/a)>MOD16STM(211.87 mm/a)>GLADS(119.02 mm/a)>ETM(111.88 mm/a)>EB-ET(109.90 mm/a)>GLEAM(100.84 mm/a)>MERRA-2(100.81 mm/a).The ET value from the ERA5_Land dataset was three times higher than that of the other five datasets.The ET values of the CR and MOD16STM datasets were twice that of the other five datasets.In terms of time,the correlation coefficient between the GLEAM and MERRA-2 datasets was the highest(R?0.82).In terms of space,GLDAS and MERRA-2 had the highest multi-year average ET correlation coefficient(R?0.80).The reduction in spatial scale resulted in clear differences in the multi-year average ET correlations among different products in the same region.In terms of time,the average annual ET of the basins on the northern slope of the Kunlun Mountains exhibited an overall increasing trend for all data sources,and the overall annual average change in the study area estimated by the eight datasets was 1.09 mm/a.The most rapid rates of increase were obtained from GLDAS(1.38 mm/a)and GLEAM(1.38 mm/a).In the CR,ERA5_Land,GLEAM,GLDAS,MERRA-2,ETM,MOD16STM,and EB-ET datasets,46.46%,41.47%,87.30%,40.30%,49.10%,47.13%,57.16%,and 45.12%of the watersheds,respectively,showed a significantly increasing trend.The ET value of the Yarkand River Basin showed a significantly increasing trend for all eight data sources.The results of this study provide a scientific reference for the allocation of water resources on the northern slope of the Kunlun Mountains.
基金funded by Name of the National Nature Science Foundation of China,grant number 62262004.
摘要Traditional malware detection models rely on a single feature source for detection,resulting in high false positive or false negative rates due to incomplete information.In addition,conventional models depend on manual feature engineering,which is inefficient and hard to adapt to new malware variants.To address these challenges,this paper proposes a malware detection model called WAFDect based on a self-attention mechanism with multi-source feature fusion.The model consists of two key designs.First,we construct a multi-source feature extraction model that analyzes multi-source data such as API call sequences,registry operation logs,file operation logs,and network behavior logs,capturing malware characteristics at multiple abstraction levels and building a global representation of maliciousness,thereby overcoming the problem of single feature sources in traditional models.Second,to address the heterogeneity of multi-source features in terms of dimension,scale,and semantics,we design a feature alignment module based on attention weights.This module can dynamically learn the association strength between different feature modalities and achieve semantic alignment and adaptive fusion of cross-modal features through a weighting allocation mechanism,effectively reducing the reliance on manual feature engineering in traditional methods.The experimental results indicate that WAFDect achieved excellent detection performance on the Speakeasy(trainset)and Avast-CTU_Small datasets,with accuracies of 0.9229 and 0.9878,respectively.Compared with traditional detection models,this method shows significant improvements in key metrics such as accuracy and F1 score,thereby validating its effectiveness.
基金Project supported by Research on Key Technologies and Applications of Digital Distribution Transformer Areas Based on Grid-Forming Flexible Interconnection Technology(No.090000KC23090020).
摘要This study proposes an optimized ensemble learning framework for energy-efficiency assessment in low-voltage distribution networks by integrating multiple data sources.The framework integrates heterogeneous data from smart meters,SCADA systems,meteorological stations,and network topology databases,employing advanced feature engineering to extract 89 essential predictors from 147 initial features.Three gradient boosting algorithms-Random Forest,XGBoost,and LightGBM-are combined through an elastic net stacking strategy with Bayesian hyperparameter optimization.The stacking ensemble achieved superior performance with an MAE of 118.4 kWh,an RMSE of 164.2 kWh,an MAPE of 3.98%,and an R2of 0.952,representing 16.8%improvement over individual models.SHAP analysis provided model interpretability,identifying temperature,historical consumption,and temporal features as the primary drivers of efficiency.The framework demonstrated robust performance under data quality degradation and successfully generalized across diverse network configurations.Field implementation yielded an 8.3%reduction in distribution losses(95%CI:7.2%-9.4%,p<0.0001),34%decrease in transformer failure rates(95%CI:28%-40%,p=0.003),and 12%-15%operational cost reduction.The framework's ability to provide accurate predictions from 15 min to 24 h ahead while maintaining computational efficiency enables proactive distribution network management,supporting the transition toward efficient and sustainable power systems.
摘要Objective:To construct an early warning model for sepsis complicating severe acute pancreatitis based on multi-source physiological signal fusion,improve the efficiency of early sepsis identification,and provide objective decision-making evidence for clinical early intervention.Methods:A total of 66 patients diagnosed with severe acute pancreatitis admitted from February 2019 to February2024 were enrolled and divided into sepsis and non-sepsis groups.Multi-dimensional data were collected,including dynamic physiological signals(electrocardiography,respiration,blood pressure)and routine laboratory biomarkers(procalcitonin,white blood cell count).All signals underwent targeted preprocessing,and multi-domain features were extracted from time,frequency,and nonlinear dimensions.Weighted feature fusion and principal component analysis(PCA)were performed for dimensionality reduction,and 24 core principal components were finally retained.A hybrid deep learning model integrating convolutional neural network(CNN)and long shortterm memory(LSTM)was established.The overall dataset was randomly divided into a training set and a validation set at a ratio of 7∶3.Model performance was quantitatively evaluated using accuracy,sensitivity,specificity,and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve(AUC),and was further compared with conventional single infection biomarkers.Results:Feature weight analysis demonstrated that procalcitonin,respiratory rate variability,and standard deviation of mean arterial pressure were the dominant core warning features.In the validation cohort,the proposed model achieved an accuracy of 85.0%,a sensitivity of 83.3%,a specificity of86.7%,and an AUC of 0.903(95%CI:0.786-0.969),which was significantly superior to traditional biomarkers including procalcitonin and white blood cell count(P<0.001).The model provided early sepsis warnings at an average time of(18.56±6.13)h before clinical confirmation,and 72.0%of patients acquired a clinical intervention window of no less than 12 h.Conclusion:The multi-source physiological signal fusion model integrates dynamic physiological time-series signals and static laboratory indicators to effectively capture subtle and complex early physiological perturbations during sepsis progression.It exhibits superior performance in both warning accuracy and timeliness compared with conventional detection methods,which serves as a reliable quantitative tool for early identification of sepsis in patients with severe acute pancreatitis.
摘要As a core geospatial data product, Digital Orthophoto Map (DOM) plays a key role in many fields such as urban planning, disaster assessment, engineering surveying and mapping, and topographic mapping. With the increasing requirements of various industries for the timeliness and accuracy of DOM, the traditional single-data-source update method can hardly meet the actual needs. Aiming at this problem, this paper deeply studies the rapid update and accuracy improvement methods of DOM driven by multi-source aerial data fusion. The research shows that multi-source aerial data fusion technology can effectively improve the efficiency and accuracy of DOM update, providing reliable support for the efficient application of geospatial data.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2023YFB2603602)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52222810 and 52178383).
摘要To elucidate the fracturing mechanism of deep hard rock under complex disturbance environments,this study investigates the dynamic failure behavior of pre-damaged granite subjected to multi-source dynamic disturbances.Blasting vibration monitoring was conducted in a deep-buried drill-and-blast tunnel to characterize in-situ dynamic loading conditions.Subsequently,true triaxial compression tests incorporating multi-source disturbances were performed using a self-developed wide-low-frequency true triaxial system to simulate disturbance accumulation and damage evolution in granite.The results demonstrate that combined dynamic disturbances and unloading damage significantly accelerate strength degradation and trigger shear-slip failure along preferentially oriented blast-induced fractures,with strength reductions up to 16.7%.Layered failure was observed on the free surface of pre-damaged granite under biaxial loading,indicating a disturbance-induced fracture localization mechanism.Time-stress-fracture-energy coupling fields were constructed to reveal the spatiotemporal characteristics of fracture evolution.Critical precursor frequency bands(105-150,185-225,and 300-325 kHz)were identified,which serve as diagnostic signatures of impending failure.A dynamic instability mechanism driven by multi-source disturbance superposition and pre-damage evolution was established.Furthermore,a grouting-based wave-absorption control strategy was proposed to mitigate deep dynamic disasters by attenuating disturbance amplitude and reducing excitation frequency.
基金supported by the Sichuan Science and Technology Program(Nos.2024JDRC0100 and 2023YFQ0091)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U21A20167 and 52475138)the Scientific Research Foundation of the State Key Laboratory of Rail Transit Vehicle System(No.2024RVL-T08).
摘要Accurate monitoring of track irregularities is very helpful to improving the vehicle operation quality and to formulating appropriate track maintenance strategies.Existing methods have the problem that they rely on complex signal processing algorithms and lack multi-source data analysis.Driven by multi-source measurement data,including the axle box,the bogie frame and the carbody accelerations,this paper proposes a track irregularities monitoring network(TIMNet)based on deep learning methods.TIMNet uses the feature extraction capability of convolutional neural networks and the sequence map-ping capability of the long short-term memory model to explore the mapping relationship between vehicle accelerations and track irregularities.The particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to optimize the network parameters,so that both the vertical and lateral track irregularities can be accurately identified in the time and spatial domains.The effectiveness and superiority of the proposed TIMNet is analyzed under different simulation conditions using a vehicle dynamics model.Field tests are conducted to prove the availability of the proposed TIMNet in quantitatively monitoring vertical and lateral track irregularities.Furthermore,comparative tests show that the TIMNet has a better fitting degree and timeliness in monitoring track irregularities(vertical R2 of 0.91,lateral R2 of 0.84 and time cost of 10 ms),compared to other classical regression.The test also proves that the TIMNet has a better anti-interference ability than other regression models.