Reliable operation of high-performance magnetostrictive devices,composed of the giant magnetostrictive material(GMM),that is,the TbDyFe alloy,critically depends on an optimally tailored bias magnetic field.Sufficient ...Reliable operation of high-performance magnetostrictive devices,composed of the giant magnetostrictive material(GMM),that is,the TbDyFe alloy,critically depends on an optimally tailored bias magnetic field.Sufficient intensity and uniformity are essential to induce the ideal initial strain in the GMM,enabling peak reciprocating output.This study develops a novel bias field scheme featuring the permanent magnet(PM)/pure iron(PI)/GMM stack assembly with dedicated thin cylindrical compensating PMs.This design first applies the principle of magnetic refraction to homogenize the magnetic field.By virtue of the refraction of the embedded PI layer at the PM/GMM interface,the magnetic field inhomogeneity within the GMM is reduced by 9%.Furthermore,a streamlined magnetic circuit model—derived from the concept of zero magnetomotive force(MMF)—provides robust support for the comprehensive magnetic leakage analysis.Finally,a large-sized giant magnetostrictive actuator(GMA)with the proposed optimized configuration was fabricated and analyzed.Results demonstrate that this design ultimately reduces magnetic field inhomogeneity from 26.7%to 1.5%while increasing the average magnetic field intensity from 54 to 67 kA m-1,and it can be extended to form devices with a large aspect ratio.This study facilitates the development of highprecision and large-output magnetostrictive devices.Additionally,it provides a generalized design paradigm for magnetic circuit structures in the development of high-performance magnetic devices.展开更多
The umbilical,a key component in offshore energy extraction,plays a vital role in ensuring the stable operation of the entire production system.The extensive variety of cross-sectional components creates highly comple...The umbilical,a key component in offshore energy extraction,plays a vital role in ensuring the stable operation of the entire production system.The extensive variety of cross-sectional components creates highly complex layout combinations.Furthermore,due to constraints in component quantity and geometry within the cross-sectional layout,filler bodies must be incorporated to maintain cross-section performance.Conventional design approaches based on manual experience suffer from inefficiency,high variability,and difficulties in quantification.This paper presents a multi-level automatic filling optimization design method for umbilical cross-sectional layouts to address these limitations.Initially,the research establishes a multi-objective optimization model that considers compactness,balance,and wear resistance of the cross-section,employing an enhanced genetic algorithm to achieve a near-optimal layout.Subsequently,the study implements an image processing-based vacancy detection technique to accurately identify cross-sectional gaps.To manage the variability and diversity of these vacant regions,the research introduces a multi-level filling method that strategically selects and places filler bodies of varying dimensions,overcoming the constraints of uniform-size fillers.Additionally,the method incorporates a hierarchical strategy that subdivides the complex cross-section into multiple layers,enabling layer-by-layer optimization and filling.This approach reduces manufac-turing equipment requirements while ensuring practical production process feasibility.The methodology is validated through a specific umbilical case study.The results demonstrate improvements in compactness,balance,and wear resistance compared with the initial cross-section,offering novel insights and valuable references for filler design in umbilical cross-sections.展开更多
Steel slag and wasted rubber tire are both solid wastes which are high production and difficult to dispose.Steel slag-rubber asphalt mixture(SSRAM)was prepared by using steel slag which replaced part of coarse aggrega...Steel slag and wasted rubber tire are both solid wastes which are high production and difficult to dispose.Steel slag-rubber asphalt mixture(SSRAM)was prepared by using steel slag which replaced part of coarse aggregate and rubber asphalt.In order to study the regularity of gradation,steel slag content and binder property on the road performance of SSRAM,three kinds of coarse aggregate fractal dimension values(Dc)and two kinds of fine aggregate fractal dimension values(Df)were selected according to fractal theory.The performance of SSRAM in three-level orthogonal scheme with three factors(Dcsteel slag content and rubber content)was analyzed and the performance of the mixture under two kinds of Dfwas compared.The results show:In the selected levels,Dcis the main factor affecting the high temperature stability and anti-freezing and thawing performance of SSRAM.With the decrease of Dc,aggregate gradation becomes coarser the dynamic stability of the mixture increases and the predicted permanent deformation decreases,but the anti-freezing and thawing performance decreases;the content of steel slag is the main factor affecting the optimal asphalt-aggregate ratio and low temperature bending strain of SSRAM.With the increase of steel slag content,the optimal asphalt-aggregate ratio increases and the low temperature bending strain of the mixture also increases;compared with base asphalt,rubber asphalt shows better performance,but the rubber content has little effect on the performance of the mixture.All SSRAM with different composition have good volume stability.For the better road performance,SSRAM composition with Dc=2.1,Df=2.55,steel slag content 60%and rubber content 21%is recommended.展开更多
Natural ice accretion on the lifting surface of an aircraft is detrimental to its aerodynamic performance, as it changes the effective streamlined body. The main focus of this work considers the optimization design of...Natural ice accretion on the lifting surface of an aircraft is detrimental to its aerodynamic performance, as it changes the effective streamlined body. The main focus of this work considers the optimization design of airfoils under atmospheric icing conditions for the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV). The ice formation process is simulated by the Eulerian approach and the three-dimensional Myers model. A three-equation turbulence model is implemented to accurately predict the stall performance of the iced airfoil. In recognition of the real atmospheric variability in the icing parameters, the medium volume diameter of supercooled water droplets is treated as an uncertainty with an assumed probability density function. A technique of polynomial chaos expansion is used to propagate the input uncertainty through the deterministic system. The numerical results show that the multipoint/multiobjective optimization strategy can efficiently improve both the ice tolerance and the cruise performance of an airfoil. The reason for the focus on robust optimization is that the ice angle of the optimized airfoil becomes less critical to the incoming flow.The optimized airfoils are applied to a UAV platform, in which the performance improvement and the relevant key flow feature are both preserved.展开更多
For the landing legs with single air chamber in the buffer structure of the reusable landing vehicle,the geometric topological models and the dynamic model associated with the hard points of the landing legs are estab...For the landing legs with single air chamber in the buffer structure of the reusable landing vehicle,the geometric topological models and the dynamic model associated with the hard points of the landing legs are established.The geometric constraint relationship in the design of the landing legs is also obtained.The whole vehicle dropping test is conducted,and the test results agree well with that of the simulation model,which validates the dynamic model.Based on the verified model,the effect of hard point positions on the performance of the landing system is analyzed.The multidisciplinary collaborative optimization algorithm and archive-based micro genetic algorithm(CO-AMGA)are used to optimize the design parameters that contain the hard points and the damper.Compared with artificial iteration,the maximum landing impact acceleration response of the vehicle and the buffer struct maximum force are reduced by 30.70%and 14.51%respectively,and the maximum length of retractable pillar decreases by 8.54%while the design margin increases by 69.11%.The proposed optimization method is efficient and can greatly facilitate the design of landing legs.展开更多
Electrochemical water splitting has long been considered an effective energy conversion technology for trans-ferring intermittent renewable electricity into hydrogen fuel,and the exploration of cost-effective and high...Electrochemical water splitting has long been considered an effective energy conversion technology for trans-ferring intermittent renewable electricity into hydrogen fuel,and the exploration of cost-effective and high-performance electrocatalysts is crucial in making electrolyzed water technology commercially viable.Cobalt phosphide(Co-P)has emerged as a catalyst of high potential owing to its high catalytic activity and durability in water splitting.This paper systematically reviews the latest advances in the development of Co-P-based materials for use in water splitting.The essential effects of P in enhancing the catalytic performance of the hydrogen evolution reaction and oxygen evolution reaction are first outlined.Then,versatile synthesis techniques for Co-P electrocatalysts are summarized,followed by advanced strategies to enhance the electrocatalytic performance of Co-P materials,including heteroatom doping,composite construction,integration with well-conductive sub-strates,and structure control from the viewpoint of experiment.Along with these optimization strategies,the understanding of the inherent mechanism of enhanced catalytic performance is also discussed.Finally,some existing challenges in the development of highly active and stable Co-P-based materials are clarified,and pro-spective directions for prompting the wide commercialization of water electrolysis technology are proposed.展开更多
Comprehensive optimization design of serpentine nozzle with trapezoidal outlet was studied to improve its aerodynamic and electromagnetic scattering performance.Serpentine nozzles with different center offsets and dif...Comprehensive optimization design of serpentine nozzle with trapezoidal outlet was studied to improve its aerodynamic and electromagnetic scattering performance.Serpentine nozzles with different center offsets and different ratios of the bases of the trapezoidal outlet were generated based on curvature control regulation.Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD)simulations have been conducted to obtain the flow field in the nozzle,and Forward-Backward Iterative Physical Optics(FBIPO)method was applied to study the electromagnetic scattering characteristics of the nozzle.Guarantee Convergence Particle Swarm Optimization(GCPSO)algorithm based on Radial Basis Function(RBF)neural network was used to optimize the geometry of the nozzle in consideration of its aerodynamic and electromagnetic scattering characteristics.The results show that the GCPSO method based on RBF can be used to optimize the aerodynamic characteristics of the internal flow and the scattering characteristics of the cavity of the serpentine nozzle with irregular outlet.The optimized model has a higher center offset and a lower ratio of the bases of the trapezoidal outlet after optimization compared to the original model.The optimized model leads to a slight change in aerodynamic performance,with a total pressure recovery coefficient increase of 0.31%and a discharge coefficient increase of 0.41%.In addition,the Radar Cross Section(RCS)decreases also by around 83.33%and the overall performance is significantly improved,with a decrease of the optimized objective function by around 38.74%.展开更多
The aerodynamic performance, structural strength, and wheel weight are three important factors in the design process of the radial turbine for micro gas turbines. This study presents the experimental validation proces...The aerodynamic performance, structural strength, and wheel weight are three important factors in the design process of the radial turbine for micro gas turbines. This study presents the experimental validation process of this integrated optimization design method by using the similarity theory. Cold modeling tests and investigations into the aerodynamic characteristics were performed. Experimental results showed that the aerodynamic efficiency of the micro radial turbine is 84.3% at the design point while also satisfying the aerodynamic and strength requirements. Meanwhile, the total weight of the turbine wheel is 3.8 kg which has only a 52.8% mass of the original design. This indicates that the radial turbine designed through this technique has a high aerodynamic performance, and thus can be applied to micro gas turbines. The results validated that this integrated optimization design method is reliable.展开更多
With better understanding of the quality and physico-mechanical properties of rocks of dam foundation,and the physico-mechanical properties and structure design of arch dam in association with the foundation excavatio...With better understanding of the quality and physico-mechanical properties of rocks of dam foundation,and the physico-mechanical properties and structure design of arch dam in association with the foundation excavation of Xiluodu arch dam,the excavation optimization design was proposed for the foundation surface on the basis of feasibility study.Common analysis and numerical analysis results demonstrated the feasibility of using the weakly weathered rocks III1and III2as the foundation surface of super-high arch dam.In view of changes in the geological conditions at the dam foundation along the riverbed direction,the design of extending foundation surface excavation area and using consolidating grouting and optimizing structure of dam bottom was introduced,allowing for harmonization of the arch dam and foundation.Three-dimensional(3D)geomechanics model test and fi nite element analysis results indicated that the dam body and foundation have good overload stability and high bearing capacity.The monitoring data showed that the behaviors of dam and foundation correspond with the designed patterns in the construction period and the initial operation period.展开更多
In order to improve the safety of the battery of satellite side mounting,and prevent the screw from producing excess due to frequent assembly and disassembly,the YS-20 material replacement and structure optimization d...In order to improve the safety of the battery of satellite side mounting,and prevent the screw from producing excess due to frequent assembly and disassembly,the YS-20 material replacement and structure optimization design of the screw body are carried out under the premise of not changing the original tooling.The double⁃shear test of YS-20 bar is carried out,and the ANSYS optimization design module is used to design 7×7×6,a total of 294,calculation cases of D1,D2,T,the three important dimension parameters of screw structure.The actual bearing state of screw composite structure is accurately simulated by using asymmetric contact model.Three comprehensive evaluations are established,and the calculation examples satisfying the conditions are evaluated comprehensively.The final results are T=12.2 mm,D1=16 mm,D2=2 mm.The stress verification and contact analysis are carried out for the final scheme and the bearing state and contact state optimized screw structure are obtained.展开更多
In order to improve turbine internal efficiency and lower manufacturing cost, a new highly loaded rotating blade has been developed. The 3D optimization design method based on artificial neural network and genetic alg...In order to improve turbine internal efficiency and lower manufacturing cost, a new highly loaded rotating blade has been developed. The 3D optimization design method based on artificial neural network and genetic algorithm is adopted to construct the blade shape. The blade is stacked by the center of gravity in radial direction with five sections. For each blade section, independent suction and pressure sides are constructed from the camber line using Bezier curves. Three-dimensional flow analysis is carried out to verify the performance of the new blade. It is found that the new blade has improved the blade performance by 0.5%. Consequently, it is verified that the new blade is effective to improve the turbine internal efficiency and to lower the turbine weight and manufacturing cost by reducing the blade number by about 15%.展开更多
A new method is proposed for slope optimization design based on the limit curve method, where the slope is in the limit equilibrium state when the limit slope curve determined by the slip-line field theory and the slo...A new method is proposed for slope optimization design based on the limit curve method, where the slope is in the limit equilibrium state when the limit slope curve determined by the slip-line field theory and the slope intersect at the toe of the slope. Compared with the strength reduction (SR) method, finite element limit analysis method, and the SR method based on Davis algorithm, the new method is suitable for determining the slope stability and limit slope angle (LSA). The optimal slope shape is determined based on a series of slope heights and LSA values, which increases the LSA by 2.45°-11.14° and reduces an invalid overburden amount of rocks by 9.15%, compared with the space mechanics theory. The proposed method gives the objective quantification index of instability criterion, and results in a significant engineering economy.展开更多
An optimized transducer prototype with a sandwich structure vibrated longitudinally is proposed for a transmitter in acoustic logging, especially in acoustic logging while drilling, 5y taking account of drilling envir...An optimized transducer prototype with a sandwich structure vibrated longitudinally is proposed for a transmitter in acoustic logging, especially in acoustic logging while drilling, 5y taking account of drilling environments with high temperature and pressure, as well as strong collar drilling vibration during the drilling process. Aimed to improve the transmitting performance, numerical and experimental studies for the transducer optimization are conducted. The impact of location and length of the piezoelectric stack on resonance characteristics arid effective electromeehanical coupling coefficient is calculated and analyzed. Admittance and transmitting performance of the proposed transducer are measured in laboratory experiments, and the results are compared with simulated ones. It is shown that the newly proposed transducer has higher transmitting performance with lower resonance frequencies. This work provides theoretical and experimental bases for transducer designing and acoustic wave measurements in acoustic logging, especially in acoustic logging while drilling.展开更多
In order to decrease the deformation and stress and increase the natural frequency of the fixed table,a method of optimization driven by the sensitivity and topology analyses is proposed.The finite element model of th...In order to decrease the deformation and stress and increase the natural frequency of the fixed table,a method of optimization driven by the sensitivity and topology analyses is proposed.The finite element model of the fixed table is constructed and analyzed by using ANSYS software.Based on the results of static analysis and modal analysis,the maximum deformation,the maximum stress,and natural frequencies are obtained.Then,the sensitivity analysis and topology optimization are carried out to find out the parameters to be optimized.The fixed table is reconstructed according to optimal design scheme.In the comparison of the results between original model and the optimized one,the maximum deformation and stress are decreased by 71.73%and 60.27%respectively.At the same time,the natural frequencies from the first mode to the sixth mode are increased by 30.28%,29.57%,29.51%,31.52%,22.19%,and 21.80%,respectively.The method can provide technology guide for the design and optimization of machining structure.展开更多
Vortex induced vibration(VIV)is a challenge in ocean engineering.Several devices including fairings have been designed to suppress VIV.However,how to optimize the design of suppression devices is still a problem to be...Vortex induced vibration(VIV)is a challenge in ocean engineering.Several devices including fairings have been designed to suppress VIV.However,how to optimize the design of suppression devices is still a problem to be solved.In this paper,an optimization design methodology is presented based on data-driven models and genetic algorithm(GA).Data-driven models are introduced to substitute complex physics-based equations.GA is used to rapidly search for the optimal suppression device from all possible solutions.Taking fairings as example,VIV response database for different fairings is established based on parameterized models in which model sections of fairings are controlled by several control points and Bezier curves.Then a data-driven model,which can predict the VIV response of fairings with different sections accurately and efficiently,is trained through BP neural network.Finally,a comprehensive optimization method and process is proposed based on GA and the data-driven model.The proposed method is demonstrated by its application to a case.It turns out that the proposed method can perform the optimization design of fairings effectively.VIV can be reduced obviously through the optimization design.展开更多
In the design of a shale-gas cluster horizontal well,it is necessary to consider the bypass of the fracturing influence domains of existing wells and the interference between fracturing influence domains when the well...In the design of a shale-gas cluster horizontal well,it is necessary to consider the bypass of the fracturing influence domains of existing wells and the interference between fracturing influence domains when the wellbore trajectories of infill adjustment wells in the fracturing areas are designed.In order to quickly evaluate the rationality of the design scheme of fracturing wellbore trajectory in an infill adjustment well,this paper adopted the vector algebra method to build a geometric model of the obstacles in the shale gas fracturing area.In this geometric model,the influence domains of hydraulic fractures are taken into account.Then,based on this geometric model,the optimization design model of bypass trajectory in the shale gas fracturing area was established by taking the minimization of total trajectory length and trajectory potential energy as the optimization objective and the anti-collision between trajectories as the constraint.Besides,the geometric check method to judge if there is any interference between fracturing influence domains was provided.Finally,the established optimization design model was verified based on the actual drilling data of Fuling Shale Gas Field in the Sichuan Basin.And the following research results were obtained.First,the obstacle sizes in fracturing areas will be seriously underestimated if the fracturing influence domains are neglected.Second,if the fracturing influence domains are neglected,the designed bypass trajectory can bypass the wellbore trajectories of old wells,but may intersect the fracturing influence domains of existing wells,thus inducing drilling accidents.In conclusion,the proposed optimization design model of bypass trajectory in the shale gas fracturing area can satisfy the constraint of anti-collision and bypass and achieve the optimization objective of minimizing total trajectory length and trajectory potential energy,and the corresponding design calculation avoids complex calculation and check.展开更多
Optimization design of hydraulic manifold blocks (HMB) is studied as acomplex solid spatial layout problem. Based on comprehensive research into structure features anddesign rules of HMB, an optimal mathematical model...Optimization design of hydraulic manifold blocks (HMB) is studied as acomplex solid spatial layout problem. Based on comprehensive research into structure features anddesign rules of HMB, an optimal mathematical model for this problem is presented. Usinghuman-computer cooperative genetic algorithm (GA) and its hybrid optitation strategies, integratedlayout and connection design schemes of HMB can be automatically optimized. An example is given totestify it.展开更多
In this paper, in order to design a fast steering mirror(FSM) with large deflection angle and high linearity, a deflection angle detecting system(DADS) using quadrant detector(QD) is developed. And the mathematical mo...In this paper, in order to design a fast steering mirror(FSM) with large deflection angle and high linearity, a deflection angle detecting system(DADS) using quadrant detector(QD) is developed. And the mathematical model describing DADS is established by analyzing the principle of position detecting and error characteristics of QD. Based on this mathematical model, the variation tendencies of deflection angle and linearity of FSM are simulated. Then, by changing the parameters of the DADS, the optimization of deflection angle and linearity of FSM is demonstrated. Finally, a QD-based FSM is designed based on this method, which achieves ±2° deflection angle and 0.72% and 0.68% linearity along x and y axis, respectively. Moreover, this method will be beneficial to the design of large deflection angle and high linearity FSM.展开更多
Aiming at the problems in current cam profile optimization processes, such as simple dynamics models, limited geometric accuracy and low design automatization level, a new dynamic optimization mode is put forward. Bas...Aiming at the problems in current cam profile optimization processes, such as simple dynamics models, limited geometric accuracy and low design automatization level, a new dynamic optimization mode is put forward. Based on the parameterization modeling technique of MSC. ADAMS platform, the different steps in current mode are reorganized, thus obtaining an upgraded mode called the "parameterized-prototype-based cam profile dynamic optimization mode". A parameterized prototype(PP) of valve mechanism is constructed in the course of dynamic optimization for cam profiles. Practically, by utilizing PP and considering the flexibility of the parts in valve mechanism, geometric accuracy and design automatization are improved.展开更多
At present,equivalent water depth truncated mooring system optimization design is regarded as the priority of hybrid model testing for deep sea platforms,and will replace the full depth system test in the future.Compa...At present,equivalent water depth truncated mooring system optimization design is regarded as the priority of hybrid model testing for deep sea platforms,and will replace the full depth system test in the future.Compared with the full depth system,the working depth and span are smaller in the truncated one,and the other characteristics maintain more consistency as well.In this paper,an inner turret moored floating production storage&offloading system(FPSO)which works at a water depth of 320m,was selected to be a research example while the truncated water depth was 80m.Furthermore,an improved non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm(INSGA-II)was selected to optimally calculate the equivalent water depth truncated system,considering the stress condition of the total mooring system in both the horizontal and vertical directions,as well as the static characteristic similarity of the representative single mooring line.The results of numerical calculations indicate that the mathematical model is feasible,and the optimization method is fast and effective.展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program project(Grant No.2021YFB3501405)the Northern Rare Earth Project(Grant No.BFXT-2024-D-0018)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities。
摘要Reliable operation of high-performance magnetostrictive devices,composed of the giant magnetostrictive material(GMM),that is,the TbDyFe alloy,critically depends on an optimally tailored bias magnetic field.Sufficient intensity and uniformity are essential to induce the ideal initial strain in the GMM,enabling peak reciprocating output.This study develops a novel bias field scheme featuring the permanent magnet(PM)/pure iron(PI)/GMM stack assembly with dedicated thin cylindrical compensating PMs.This design first applies the principle of magnetic refraction to homogenize the magnetic field.By virtue of the refraction of the embedded PI layer at the PM/GMM interface,the magnetic field inhomogeneity within the GMM is reduced by 9%.Furthermore,a streamlined magnetic circuit model—derived from the concept of zero magnetomotive force(MMF)—provides robust support for the comprehensive magnetic leakage analysis.Finally,a large-sized giant magnetostrictive actuator(GMA)with the proposed optimized configuration was fabricated and analyzed.Results demonstrate that this design ultimately reduces magnetic field inhomogeneity from 26.7%to 1.5%while increasing the average magnetic field intensity from 54 to 67 kA m-1,and it can be extended to form devices with a large aspect ratio.This study facilitates the development of highprecision and large-output magnetostrictive devices.Additionally,it provides a generalized design paradigm for magnetic circuit structures in the development of high-performance magnetic devices.
基金financially supported by Guangdong Province Basic and Applied Basic Research Fund Project(Grant No.2022B1515250009)Liaoning Provincial Natural Science Foundation-Doctoral Research Start-up Fund Project(Grant No.2024-BSBA-05)+1 种基金Major Science and Technology Innovation Project in Shandong Province(Grant No.2024CXGC010803)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52271269 and 12302147).
摘要The umbilical,a key component in offshore energy extraction,plays a vital role in ensuring the stable operation of the entire production system.The extensive variety of cross-sectional components creates highly complex layout combinations.Furthermore,due to constraints in component quantity and geometry within the cross-sectional layout,filler bodies must be incorporated to maintain cross-section performance.Conventional design approaches based on manual experience suffer from inefficiency,high variability,and difficulties in quantification.This paper presents a multi-level automatic filling optimization design method for umbilical cross-sectional layouts to address these limitations.Initially,the research establishes a multi-objective optimization model that considers compactness,balance,and wear resistance of the cross-section,employing an enhanced genetic algorithm to achieve a near-optimal layout.Subsequently,the study implements an image processing-based vacancy detection technique to accurately identify cross-sectional gaps.To manage the variability and diversity of these vacant regions,the research introduces a multi-level filling method that strategically selects and places filler bodies of varying dimensions,overcoming the constraints of uniform-size fillers.Additionally,the method incorporates a hierarchical strategy that subdivides the complex cross-section into multiple layers,enabling layer-by-layer optimization and filling.This approach reduces manufac-turing equipment requirements while ensuring practical production process feasibility.The methodology is validated through a specific umbilical case study.The results demonstrate improvements in compactness,balance,and wear resistance compared with the initial cross-section,offering novel insights and valuable references for filler design in umbilical cross-sections.
基金supported and funded by the Hebei Transportation Department(Research Project Number:TH1-202019)Zhongjiao Jian Ji Jiao Highway Investment Development Co.,Ltd.
摘要Steel slag and wasted rubber tire are both solid wastes which are high production and difficult to dispose.Steel slag-rubber asphalt mixture(SSRAM)was prepared by using steel slag which replaced part of coarse aggregate and rubber asphalt.In order to study the regularity of gradation,steel slag content and binder property on the road performance of SSRAM,three kinds of coarse aggregate fractal dimension values(Dc)and two kinds of fine aggregate fractal dimension values(Df)were selected according to fractal theory.The performance of SSRAM in three-level orthogonal scheme with three factors(Dcsteel slag content and rubber content)was analyzed and the performance of the mixture under two kinds of Dfwas compared.The results show:In the selected levels,Dcis the main factor affecting the high temperature stability and anti-freezing and thawing performance of SSRAM.With the decrease of Dc,aggregate gradation becomes coarser the dynamic stability of the mixture increases and the predicted permanent deformation decreases,but the anti-freezing and thawing performance decreases;the content of steel slag is the main factor affecting the optimal asphalt-aggregate ratio and low temperature bending strain of SSRAM.With the increase of steel slag content,the optimal asphalt-aggregate ratio increases and the low temperature bending strain of the mixture also increases;compared with base asphalt,rubber asphalt shows better performance,but the rubber content has little effect on the performance of the mixture.All SSRAM with different composition have good volume stability.For the better road performance,SSRAM composition with Dc=2.1,Df=2.55,steel slag content 60%and rubber content 21%is recommended.
基金supported by the National Key Project of China(No.GJXM92579)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.92052203 and 11872230 and 91852108)。
摘要Natural ice accretion on the lifting surface of an aircraft is detrimental to its aerodynamic performance, as it changes the effective streamlined body. The main focus of this work considers the optimization design of airfoils under atmospheric icing conditions for the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV). The ice formation process is simulated by the Eulerian approach and the three-dimensional Myers model. A three-equation turbulence model is implemented to accurately predict the stall performance of the iced airfoil. In recognition of the real atmospheric variability in the icing parameters, the medium volume diameter of supercooled water droplets is treated as an uncertainty with an assumed probability density function. A technique of polynomial chaos expansion is used to propagate the input uncertainty through the deterministic system. The numerical results show that the multipoint/multiobjective optimization strategy can efficiently improve both the ice tolerance and the cruise performance of an airfoil. The reason for the focus on robust optimization is that the ice angle of the optimized airfoil becomes less critical to the incoming flow.The optimized airfoils are applied to a UAV platform, in which the performance improvement and the relevant key flow feature are both preserved.
基金co-supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(No.3082019NS2019003)A Project Funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions,China。
摘要For the landing legs with single air chamber in the buffer structure of the reusable landing vehicle,the geometric topological models and the dynamic model associated with the hard points of the landing legs are established.The geometric constraint relationship in the design of the landing legs is also obtained.The whole vehicle dropping test is conducted,and the test results agree well with that of the simulation model,which validates the dynamic model.Based on the verified model,the effect of hard point positions on the performance of the landing system is analyzed.The multidisciplinary collaborative optimization algorithm and archive-based micro genetic algorithm(CO-AMGA)are used to optimize the design parameters that contain the hard points and the damper.Compared with artificial iteration,the maximum landing impact acceleration response of the vehicle and the buffer struct maximum force are reduced by 30.70%and 14.51%respectively,and the maximum length of retractable pillar decreases by 8.54%while the design margin increases by 69.11%.The proposed optimization method is efficient and can greatly facilitate the design of landing legs.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21962008)Yunnan Province Excellent Youth Fund Project(202001AW070005)+1 种基金Candidate Talents Training Fund of Yunnan Province(2017PY269SQ,2018HB007)Yunnan Ten Thousand Talents Plan Young&Elite Talents Project(YNWR-QNBJ-2018-346).
摘要Electrochemical water splitting has long been considered an effective energy conversion technology for trans-ferring intermittent renewable electricity into hydrogen fuel,and the exploration of cost-effective and high-performance electrocatalysts is crucial in making electrolyzed water technology commercially viable.Cobalt phosphide(Co-P)has emerged as a catalyst of high potential owing to its high catalytic activity and durability in water splitting.This paper systematically reviews the latest advances in the development of Co-P-based materials for use in water splitting.The essential effects of P in enhancing the catalytic performance of the hydrogen evolution reaction and oxygen evolution reaction are first outlined.Then,versatile synthesis techniques for Co-P electrocatalysts are summarized,followed by advanced strategies to enhance the electrocatalytic performance of Co-P materials,including heteroatom doping,composite construction,integration with well-conductive sub-strates,and structure control from the viewpoint of experiment.Along with these optimization strategies,the understanding of the inherent mechanism of enhanced catalytic performance is also discussed.Finally,some existing challenges in the development of highly active and stable Co-P-based materials are clarified,and pro-spective directions for prompting the wide commercialization of water electrolysis technology are proposed.
基金the financial support of the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.31020190MS708)。
摘要Comprehensive optimization design of serpentine nozzle with trapezoidal outlet was studied to improve its aerodynamic and electromagnetic scattering performance.Serpentine nozzles with different center offsets and different ratios of the bases of the trapezoidal outlet were generated based on curvature control regulation.Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD)simulations have been conducted to obtain the flow field in the nozzle,and Forward-Backward Iterative Physical Optics(FBIPO)method was applied to study the electromagnetic scattering characteristics of the nozzle.Guarantee Convergence Particle Swarm Optimization(GCPSO)algorithm based on Radial Basis Function(RBF)neural network was used to optimize the geometry of the nozzle in consideration of its aerodynamic and electromagnetic scattering characteristics.The results show that the GCPSO method based on RBF can be used to optimize the aerodynamic characteristics of the internal flow and the scattering characteristics of the cavity of the serpentine nozzle with irregular outlet.The optimized model has a higher center offset and a lower ratio of the bases of the trapezoidal outlet after optimization compared to the original model.The optimized model leads to a slight change in aerodynamic performance,with a total pressure recovery coefficient increase of 0.31%and a discharge coefficient increase of 0.41%.In addition,the Radar Cross Section(RCS)decreases also by around 83.33%and the overall performance is significantly improved,with a decrease of the optimized objective function by around 38.74%.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China,the China Postdoctoral Science Founda-tion
摘要The aerodynamic performance, structural strength, and wheel weight are three important factors in the design process of the radial turbine for micro gas turbines. This study presents the experimental validation process of this integrated optimization design method by using the similarity theory. Cold modeling tests and investigations into the aerodynamic characteristics were performed. Experimental results showed that the aerodynamic efficiency of the micro radial turbine is 84.3% at the design point while also satisfying the aerodynamic and strength requirements. Meanwhile, the total weight of the turbine wheel is 3.8 kg which has only a 52.8% mass of the original design. This indicates that the radial turbine designed through this technique has a high aerodynamic performance, and thus can be applied to micro gas turbines. The results validated that this integrated optimization design method is reliable.
摘要With better understanding of the quality and physico-mechanical properties of rocks of dam foundation,and the physico-mechanical properties and structure design of arch dam in association with the foundation excavation of Xiluodu arch dam,the excavation optimization design was proposed for the foundation surface on the basis of feasibility study.Common analysis and numerical analysis results demonstrated the feasibility of using the weakly weathered rocks III1and III2as the foundation surface of super-high arch dam.In view of changes in the geological conditions at the dam foundation along the riverbed direction,the design of extending foundation surface excavation area and using consolidating grouting and optimizing structure of dam bottom was introduced,allowing for harmonization of the arch dam and foundation.Three-dimensional(3D)geomechanics model test and fi nite element analysis results indicated that the dam body and foundation have good overload stability and high bearing capacity.The monitoring data showed that the behaviors of dam and foundation correspond with the designed patterns in the construction period and the initial operation period.
摘要In order to improve the safety of the battery of satellite side mounting,and prevent the screw from producing excess due to frequent assembly and disassembly,the YS-20 material replacement and structure optimization design of the screw body are carried out under the premise of not changing the original tooling.The double⁃shear test of YS-20 bar is carried out,and the ANSYS optimization design module is used to design 7×7×6,a total of 294,calculation cases of D1,D2,T,the three important dimension parameters of screw structure.The actual bearing state of screw composite structure is accurately simulated by using asymmetric contact model.Three comprehensive evaluations are established,and the calculation examples satisfying the conditions are evaluated comprehensively.The final results are T=12.2 mm,D1=16 mm,D2=2 mm.The stress verification and contact analysis are carried out for the final scheme and the bearing state and contact state optimized screw structure are obtained.
摘要In order to improve turbine internal efficiency and lower manufacturing cost, a new highly loaded rotating blade has been developed. The 3D optimization design method based on artificial neural network and genetic algorithm is adopted to construct the blade shape. The blade is stacked by the center of gravity in radial direction with five sections. For each blade section, independent suction and pressure sides are constructed from the camber line using Bezier curves. Three-dimensional flow analysis is carried out to verify the performance of the new blade. It is found that the new blade has improved the blade performance by 0.5%. Consequently, it is verified that the new blade is effective to improve the turbine internal efficiency and to lower the turbine weight and manufacturing cost by reducing the blade number by about 15%.
基金Project(JJKH20180450KJ)supported by Education Department of Jilin Province,ChinaProject(20166008)supported by the Science and Technology Bureau of Jilin Province,China
摘要A new method is proposed for slope optimization design based on the limit curve method, where the slope is in the limit equilibrium state when the limit slope curve determined by the slip-line field theory and the slope intersect at the toe of the slope. Compared with the strength reduction (SR) method, finite element limit analysis method, and the SR method based on Davis algorithm, the new method is suitable for determining the slope stability and limit slope angle (LSA). The optimal slope shape is determined based on a series of slope heights and LSA values, which increases the LSA by 2.45°-11.14° and reduces an invalid overburden amount of rocks by 9.15%, compared with the space mechanics theory. The proposed method gives the objective quantification index of instability criterion, and results in a significant engineering economy.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos 41474160 and 11304347
摘要An optimized transducer prototype with a sandwich structure vibrated longitudinally is proposed for a transmitter in acoustic logging, especially in acoustic logging while drilling, 5y taking account of drilling environments with high temperature and pressure, as well as strong collar drilling vibration during the drilling process. Aimed to improve the transmitting performance, numerical and experimental studies for the transducer optimization are conducted. The impact of location and length of the piezoelectric stack on resonance characteristics arid effective electromeehanical coupling coefficient is calculated and analyzed. Admittance and transmitting performance of the proposed transducer are measured in laboratory experiments, and the results are compared with simulated ones. It is shown that the newly proposed transducer has higher transmitting performance with lower resonance frequencies. This work provides theoretical and experimental bases for transducer designing and acoustic wave measurements in acoustic logging, especially in acoustic logging while drilling.
基金National Major Scientific&Technological Special Program for"High-Grade CNC and Basic Manufacturing Equipment"of China(No.2012ZX04011-031)Science and Technology Programs of Sichuan Province,China(No.2010GZ0250,No.2011GZ0075)
摘要In order to decrease the deformation and stress and increase the natural frequency of the fixed table,a method of optimization driven by the sensitivity and topology analyses is proposed.The finite element model of the fixed table is constructed and analyzed by using ANSYS software.Based on the results of static analysis and modal analysis,the maximum deformation,the maximum stress,and natural frequencies are obtained.Then,the sensitivity analysis and topology optimization are carried out to find out the parameters to be optimized.The fixed table is reconstructed according to optimal design scheme.In the comparison of the results between original model and the optimized one,the maximum deformation and stress are decreased by 71.73%and 60.27%respectively.At the same time,the natural frequencies from the first mode to the sixth mode are increased by 30.28%,29.57%,29.51%,31.52%,22.19%,and 21.80%,respectively.The method can provide technology guide for the design and optimization of machining structure.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51809279)the Major National Science and Technology Program(Grant No.2016ZX05028-001-05)+1 种基金Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University(Grant No.IRT14R58)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,that is,the Opening Fund of National Engineering Laboratory of Offshore Geophysical and Exploration Equipment(Grant No.20CX02302A).
摘要Vortex induced vibration(VIV)is a challenge in ocean engineering.Several devices including fairings have been designed to suppress VIV.However,how to optimize the design of suppression devices is still a problem to be solved.In this paper,an optimization design methodology is presented based on data-driven models and genetic algorithm(GA).Data-driven models are introduced to substitute complex physics-based equations.GA is used to rapidly search for the optimal suppression device from all possible solutions.Taking fairings as example,VIV response database for different fairings is established based on parameterized models in which model sections of fairings are controlled by several control points and Bezier curves.Then a data-driven model,which can predict the VIV response of fairings with different sections accurately and efficiently,is trained through BP neural network.Finally,a comprehensive optimization method and process is proposed based on GA and the data-driven model.The proposed method is demonstrated by its application to a case.It turns out that the proposed method can perform the optimization design of fairings effectively.VIV can be reduced obviously through the optimization design.
摘要In the design of a shale-gas cluster horizontal well,it is necessary to consider the bypass of the fracturing influence domains of existing wells and the interference between fracturing influence domains when the wellbore trajectories of infill adjustment wells in the fracturing areas are designed.In order to quickly evaluate the rationality of the design scheme of fracturing wellbore trajectory in an infill adjustment well,this paper adopted the vector algebra method to build a geometric model of the obstacles in the shale gas fracturing area.In this geometric model,the influence domains of hydraulic fractures are taken into account.Then,based on this geometric model,the optimization design model of bypass trajectory in the shale gas fracturing area was established by taking the minimization of total trajectory length and trajectory potential energy as the optimization objective and the anti-collision between trajectories as the constraint.Besides,the geometric check method to judge if there is any interference between fracturing influence domains was provided.Finally,the established optimization design model was verified based on the actual drilling data of Fuling Shale Gas Field in the Sichuan Basin.And the following research results were obtained.First,the obstacle sizes in fracturing areas will be seriously underestimated if the fracturing influence domains are neglected.Second,if the fracturing influence domains are neglected,the designed bypass trajectory can bypass the wellbore trajectories of old wells,but may intersect the fracturing influence domains of existing wells,thus inducing drilling accidents.In conclusion,the proposed optimization design model of bypass trajectory in the shale gas fracturing area can satisfy the constraint of anti-collision and bypass and achieve the optimization objective of minimizing total trajectory length and trajectory potential energy,and the corresponding design calculation avoids complex calculation and check.
基金This project is supported by Provincial ScienceTechnology Foundation of Liaoning (No. 20022132)
摘要Optimization design of hydraulic manifold blocks (HMB) is studied as acomplex solid spatial layout problem. Based on comprehensive research into structure features anddesign rules of HMB, an optimal mathematical model for this problem is presented. Usinghuman-computer cooperative genetic algorithm (GA) and its hybrid optitation strategies, integratedlayout and connection design schemes of HMB can be automatically optimized. An example is given totestify it.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51605465)
摘要In this paper, in order to design a fast steering mirror(FSM) with large deflection angle and high linearity, a deflection angle detecting system(DADS) using quadrant detector(QD) is developed. And the mathematical model describing DADS is established by analyzing the principle of position detecting and error characteristics of QD. Based on this mathematical model, the variation tendencies of deflection angle and linearity of FSM are simulated. Then, by changing the parameters of the DADS, the optimization of deflection angle and linearity of FSM is demonstrated. Finally, a QD-based FSM is designed based on this method, which achieves ±2° deflection angle and 0.72% and 0.68% linearity along x and y axis, respectively. Moreover, this method will be beneficial to the design of large deflection angle and high linearity FSM.
摘要Aiming at the problems in current cam profile optimization processes, such as simple dynamics models, limited geometric accuracy and low design automatization level, a new dynamic optimization mode is put forward. Based on the parameterization modeling technique of MSC. ADAMS platform, the different steps in current mode are reorganized, thus obtaining an upgraded mode called the "parameterized-prototype-based cam profile dynamic optimization mode". A parameterized prototype(PP) of valve mechanism is constructed in the course of dynamic optimization for cam profiles. Practically, by utilizing PP and considering the flexibility of the parts in valve mechanism, geometric accuracy and design automatization are improved.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.10602055)Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(Grant No.Y6110243)
摘要At present,equivalent water depth truncated mooring system optimization design is regarded as the priority of hybrid model testing for deep sea platforms,and will replace the full depth system test in the future.Compared with the full depth system,the working depth and span are smaller in the truncated one,and the other characteristics maintain more consistency as well.In this paper,an inner turret moored floating production storage&offloading system(FPSO)which works at a water depth of 320m,was selected to be a research example while the truncated water depth was 80m.Furthermore,an improved non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm(INSGA-II)was selected to optimally calculate the equivalent water depth truncated system,considering the stress condition of the total mooring system in both the horizontal and vertical directions,as well as the static characteristic similarity of the representative single mooring line.The results of numerical calculations indicate that the mathematical model is feasible,and the optimization method is fast and effective.