For pure states,the quantum Berry curvature has been well studied.However,the quantum curvature for mixed states has received less attention.From the concept of symmetric logarithmic derivative,we introduce a mixed-st...For pure states,the quantum Berry curvature has been well studied.However,the quantum curvature for mixed states has received less attention.From the concept of symmetric logarithmic derivative,we introduce a mixed-state quantum curvature and find that it plays a key role in the field of multi-parameter precision estimations.Through spectral decomposition,we derive the mixed-state Berry curvature for both the full-rank and non-full-rank density matrices.As an example,we obtain the exact expression of the Berry curvature for an arbitrary qubit state.展开更多
In the 6G environment,addressing challenges like missing data,demodulation errors,and offgrid issues during target parameter estimation is a significant hurdle for integrated sensing and communication(ISAC)systems.In ...In the 6G environment,addressing challenges like missing data,demodulation errors,and offgrid issues during target parameter estimation is a significant hurdle for integrated sensing and communication(ISAC)systems.In the ISAC framework,a commonly used method for parameter estimation is compressive sensing.However,it often struggles with off-grid problems in continuous parameter estimation.In contrast,the atomic norm has been proven effective in overcoming these off-grid issues,making it a more suitable approach for continuous parameter estimation.In this paper,we investigate the application of atomic norm in ISAC and propose an ISAC model based on orthogonal frequency division multiplexing(OFDM)for parameter estimation.We utilize the atomic norm under conditions of incomplete data and demodulation errors.To enhance the convergence speed and accuracy of our algorithm,we implement the alternating direction method of multipliers(ADMM)for iterative processing.We refer to this algorithm as ANMI.Building on this foundation,we develop a deep unfolding network algorithm,ANMIADMM-Net,which further mitigates the impact of missing data and demodulation errors on target parameter estimation by training optimal parameters.Experimental results demonstrate that our proposed ANMI and ANMI-ADMM-Net accurately estimate target parameters even in the presence of missing data and demodulation errors,exhibiting superior precision and robustness compared to traditional methods.展开更多
(Quasi-)closed-form results for the statistical properties of unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)airto-ground channels are derived for the first time using a novel spatial-vector-based method from a threedimensional(3-D)arbi...(Quasi-)closed-form results for the statistical properties of unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)airto-ground channels are derived for the first time using a novel spatial-vector-based method from a threedimensional(3-D)arbitrary-elevation one-cylinder model.The derived results include a closed-form expression for the space-time correlation function and some quasi-closed-form ones for the space-Doppler power spectrum density,the level crossing rate,and the average fading duration,which are shown to be the generalizations of those previously obtained from the two-dimensional(2-D)one-ring model and the 3-D low-elevation one-cylinder model for terrestrial mobile-to-mobile channels.The close agreements between the theoretical results and the simulations as well as the measurements validate the utility of the derived channel statistics.Based on the derived expressions,the impacts of some parameters on the channel characteristics are investigated in an effective,efficient,and explicable way,which leads to a general guideline on the manual parameter estimation from the measurement description.展开更多
This study presents a four-dimensional variational(4D-Var)data assimilation framework to optimize two uncertain wave-induced parameters(wave energy factor α and Charnock coefficient β)within the Mellor-Yamada level ...This study presents a four-dimensional variational(4D-Var)data assimilation framework to optimize two uncertain wave-induced parameters(wave energy factor α and Charnock coefficient β)within the Mellor-Yamada level 2.5(MY-2.5)turbulence closure scheme.The effectiveness of the optimization is then evaluated by its impact on improving sea surface temperature(SST)forecasts.This study represents one of the first attempts to estimate higher-order turbulent parameters using real observational data.As the extension of prior twin experiments,observational data are sourced from a fusion of satellite and in situ measurements.Extending previous twin experiments,the observational dataset combines satellite and in situ measurements,effectively mitigating the limitations of satellite accuracy and the sparse spatial coverage of in situ observations.In real-data assimilation experiments,joint optimization of the initial field and the two parameters yielded limited parameter improvement.This is attributed to the lower sensitivity of the two parameters compared to the initial field within the short assimilation time window.However,optimizing the parameters after the initial field reaches a quasi-balanced state further enhances SST prediction accuracy.Quantitatively,the SST forecast root-mean-square error is reduced by approximately 22%compared to simulations without parameter optimization.Crucially,the practical value of parameter optimization lies not in determining true parameter values,but in its capacity to counteract inherent systematic model errors,such as model bias and resolution constraints.While the spatial invariance of parameters imposes inherent limitations on forecast performance,the experiments demonstrate that optimizing α and β via 4D-Var yields measurable benefits for SST prediction accuracy.展开更多
Let Mα={Mtα,t≥0}be anα-stable motion on R with 00.Whenθ>0 and 1/β+1<a<2,we show that the convergence Jtα(0,θ,β):=(1+t)βe-G(t)Xtα→ξ∞α+ν/θand Jtα(n,θ,β...Let Mα={Mtα,t≥0}be anα-stable motion on R with 00.Whenθ>0 and 1/β+1<a<2,we show that the convergence Jtα(0,θ,β):=(1+t)βe-G(t)Xtα→ξ∞α+ν/θand Jtα(n,θ,β):=θ(1+t)β+1(Jtα(n-1,θ,β)λn-1(ξ∞α+ν/θ))→λn(t→∞)hold almost surely for all n≥1,where G(t)=∫0tθ(1+s)βds,ξ∞α=∫0∞(1+s)βe-G(s)d Msαandλn=β(2β+1)...(nβ+n-1).Using least squares method,we study estimators ofθandνand give their asymptotic distributions.展开更多
Accurate estimation of photovoltaic(PV)parameters is essential for optimizing solar module perfor-mance and enhancing resource efficiency in renewable energy systems.This study presents a process innovation by introdu...Accurate estimation of photovoltaic(PV)parameters is essential for optimizing solar module perfor-mance and enhancing resource efficiency in renewable energy systems.This study presents a process innovation by introducing,for the first time,the Triangulation Topology Aggregation Optimizer(TTAO)integrated with parallel computing to address PV parameter estimation challenges.The effectiveness and robustness of TTAO are rigorously evaluated using two standard benchmark datasets(KC200GT and R.T.C.France solar cells)and a real-world dataset(Poly70W solar module)under single-,double-,and triple-diode configurations.Results show that TTAO consistently achieves superior accuracy by producing the lowest RMSE values and faster convergence compared to state-of-the-art metaheuristic algorithms.In addition,the integration of parallel computing significantly enhances computational efficiency,reducing execution time by up to 85%without compromising accuracy.Validation using real-world data further demonstrates TTAO’s adaptability and practical relevance in renewable energy systems,effectively bridging the gap between theoretical modeling and real-world implementation for PV system monitoring and optimization,contributing to climate mitigation through improved solar energy performance.展开更多
Micro-Doppler parameter estimation is crucial for moving targets.However,conventional methods face limitations like inadequate time-frequency(TF)resolution and poor generalization,while existing deep learning approach...Micro-Doppler parameter estimation is crucial for moving targets.However,conventional methods face limitations like inadequate time-frequency(TF)resolution and poor generalization,while existing deep learning approaches often treat TF analysis as a fixed preprocessing step.To overcome these challenges,this paper introduces a radar micro-Doppler parameter estimation method based on a gated dual-path dynamic-wavelet convolutional network(GDWCN).The GDWCN is an end-to-end deep learning framework that maps raw radar signals to micro-motion parameters by integrating clutter suppression,gated dual-path module,feature extraction,and parameter regression.Its core innovation is a gated dual-path module that combines dynamic convolution and learnable wavelet convolution,selecting the optimal processing path based on input signal characteristics.For the Inspire 2 drone,GDWCN reduced the mean absolute error(MAE)of frequency estimation by approximately 38%compared to the enhanced time-frequency micro-Doppler network,and its relative error by approximately 69%compared to the short-time Fourier transform(STFT),and 58%over the local maximum synchroextracting transform.Ablation studies further confirm the efficacy of the clutter suppression module and the attention mechanism.展开更多
Aiming to address the challenge of directly measuring the real-time adhesion coefficient between wheels and rails,this paper proposes an online estimation algorithm for the adhesion coefficient based on parameter esti...Aiming to address the challenge of directly measuring the real-time adhesion coefficient between wheels and rails,this paper proposes an online estimation algorithm for the adhesion coefficient based on parameter estimation.Firstly,a force analysis of the single-wheel pair model of the train is conducted to derive the calculation relationship for the wheel-rail adhesion coefficient in train dynamics.Then,an estimator based on parameter estimation is designed,and its stability is verified.This estimator is combined with the wheelset force analysis to estimate the wheel-rail adhesion coefficient.Finally,the approach is validated through joint simulations on the MATLAB/Simulink and AMESim platforms,as well as a hardware-in-the-loop semi-physical simulation experimental platform that accounts for system delay and noise conditions.The results indicate that the proposed algorithm effectively tracks changes in the adhesion coefficient during train braking,including the decrease in adhesion when the train brakes and slides,and the overall increase as the train speed decreases.The effectiveness of the algorithm was verified by setting different test conditions.The results show that the estimation algorithm can accurately estimate the adhesion coefficient,and through error analysis,it is found that the error between the estimated value of the adhesion coefficient and the theoretical value of the adhesion coefficient is within 5%.The adhesion coefficient obtained through the online estimation method based on the parameter estimation proposed in this paper demonstrates strong followability in both simulation and practical applications.展开更多
In recent years,the development of domestic commercial synthetic aperture radar(SAR)is in full swing,with multiple commercial SAR satellites in orbit,showing great potential in disaster monitoring,natural resource man...In recent years,the development of domestic commercial synthetic aperture radar(SAR)is in full swing,with multiple commercial SAR satellites in orbit,showing great potential in disaster monitoring,natural resource management and deformation observation.Fucheng-1 is the first C-band commercial SAR satellite for interferometric SAR(InSAR)service developed by Spacety China,which marks the gradual maturity of China’s remote sensing data service.Based on the raw data collected by Fucheng-1,this paper firstly introduces the range-Doppler algorithm(RDA),then illustrates the parameter estimation method on the basis of fractional Fourier transform(FrFT)to realize the accurate estimation of azimuth chirp rate,which effectively improves imaging quality.Finally,the L1-norm regularization based sparse imaging method is utilized to reconstruct images from down-sampled data.Experimental results show that the sparse imaging algorithm can accurately reconstruct the down-sampled Fucheng-1 data and suppress sidelobes and clutter.展开更多
In order to obtain better inverse synthetic aperture radar(ISAR)image,a novel structure-enhanced spatial spectrum is proposed for estimating the incoherence parameters and fusing multiband.The proposed method takes fu...In order to obtain better inverse synthetic aperture radar(ISAR)image,a novel structure-enhanced spatial spectrum is proposed for estimating the incoherence parameters and fusing multiband.The proposed method takes full advantage of the original electromagnetic scattering data and its conjugated form by combining them with the novel covariance matrices.To analyse the superiority of the modified algorithm,the mathematical expression of equivalent signal to noise ratio(SNR)is derived,which can validate our proposed algorithm theoretically.In addition,compared with the conventional matrix pencil(MP)algorithm and the conventional root-multiple signal classification(Root-MUSIC)algorithm,the proposed algorithm has better parameter estimation performance and more accurate multiband fusion results at the same SNR situations.Validity and effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated by simulation data and real radar data.展开更多
The Mach-Zehnder interferometer is a fundamental tool for measuring phase shifts between two light paths,serving as a crucial prototype for achieving high-precision measurements in various scientific and technological...The Mach-Zehnder interferometer is a fundamental tool for measuring phase shifts between two light paths,serving as a crucial prototype for achieving high-precision measurements in various scientific and technological applications.In this study,we analyze different models for estimating the relative phase shift in a general two-arm Mach-Zehnder interferometer.We demonstrated that single-parameter estimation models can be reduced from the two-parameter estimation model by imposing appropriate constraints on the parameter space.To make quantum Fisher information of the single-parameter estimation models meaningful,the corresponding constraints must be guaranteed in the experiment implementation.Furthermore,we apply the quantum Fisher information approach to analyze the Mach-Zehnder interferometer with the an input state composed of a displaced squeezed vacuum state and a coherent state,providing insights into the precision limits of such configurations.展开更多
Aerodynamic modeling and parameter estimation from quick accesses recorder (QAR) data is an important technical way to analyze the effects of highland weather conditions upon aerodynamic characteristics of airplane....Aerodynamic modeling and parameter estimation from quick accesses recorder (QAR) data is an important technical way to analyze the effects of highland weather conditions upon aerodynamic characteristics of airplane. It is also an essential content of flight accident analysis. The related techniques are developed in the present paper, including the geometric method for angle of attack and sideslip angle estimation, the extended Kalman filter associated with modified Bryson-Frazier smoother (EKF-MBF) method for aerodynamic coefficient identification, the radial basis function (RBF) neural network method for aerodynamic mod- eling, and the Delta method for stability/control derivative estimation. As an application example, the QAR data of a civil air- plane approaching a high-altitude airport are processed and the aerodynamic coefficient and derivative estimates are obtained. The estimation results are reasonable, which shows that the developed techniques are feasible. The causes for the distribution of aerodynamic derivative estimates are analyzed. Accordingly, several measures to improve estimation accuracy are put forward.展开更多
Modern radar signals mostly use low probability of intercept(LPI)waveforms,which have short pulses in the time domain,multicomponent properties,frequency hopping,combined modulation waveforms and other characteristics...Modern radar signals mostly use low probability of intercept(LPI)waveforms,which have short pulses in the time domain,multicomponent properties,frequency hopping,combined modulation waveforms and other characteristics,making the detection and estimation of LPI radar signals extremely difficult,and leading to highly required significant research on perception technology in the battlefield environment.This paper proposes a visibility graphs(VG)-based multicomponent signals detection method and a modulation waveforms parameter estimation algorithm based on the time-frequency representation(TFR).On the one hand,the frequency domain VG is used to set the dynamic threshold for detecting the multicomponent LPI radar waveforms.On the other hand,the signal is projected into the time and frequency domains by the TFR method for estimating its symbol width and instantaneous frequency(IF).Simulation performance shows that,compared with the most advanced methods,the algorithm proposed in this paper has a valuable advantage.Meanwhile,the calculation cost of the algorithm is quite low,and it is achievable in the future battlefield.展开更多
Effectiveness evaluation of the joint operation system is an important basis for the demonstration and development of weapon equipment.With the consideration that existing models of system effectiveness evaluation sel...Effectiveness evaluation of the joint operation system is an important basis for the demonstration and development of weapon equipment.With the consideration that existing models of system effectiveness evaluation seldom describe the structural relationship among equipment clearly as well as reflect the dynamic,the analog-to-digital converter-graphical evaluation and review technique(ADC-GERT)network parameter estimation model is proposed based on the ADC model and the joint operation system structure.Firstly,analysis of the joint operation system structure and operation process is conducted to build the GERT network,where equipment subsystems are nodes and activities are directed arches.Then the mission effectiveness of equipment subsystems is calculated by the ADC model.The probability transfer parameters are modified by the mission effectiveness of equipment subsystems based on the Bayesian theorem,with the ADC-GERT network parameter estimation model constructed.Finally,a case study is used to validate the efficiency and dynamic of the ADC-GERT network parameter estimation model.展开更多
We present an approach in which the differential evolution (DE) algorithm is used to address identification problems in chaotic systems with or without delay terms. Unlike existing considerations, the scheme is able...We present an approach in which the differential evolution (DE) algorithm is used to address identification problems in chaotic systems with or without delay terms. Unlike existing considerations, the scheme is able to simultaneously extract (i) the commonly considered parameters, (ii) the delay, and (iii) the initial state. The main goal is to present and verify the robustness against the common white Guassian noise of the DE-based method. Results of the time-delay logistic system, the Mackey Glass system and the Lorenz system are also presented.展开更多
Fingerprints with similar morphological characteristics but from different individuals can lead to errors in individual identification,especially when dealing with large databases containing millions of fingerprints.T...Fingerprints with similar morphological characteristics but from different individuals can lead to errors in individual identification,especially when dealing with large databases containing millions of fingerprints.To address this issue and enhance the accuracy of similar fingerprint identification,the use of the likelihood ratio(LR)model for quantitative evaluation of fingerprint evidence has emerged as an effective research method.In this study,the LR fingerprint evidence evaluation model was established by using mathematical statistical methods,such as parameter estimation and hypothesis testing.This involved various steps,including database construction,scoring,fitting,calculation,and visual evaluation.Under the same-source conditions,the optimal parameter methods selected by different number of minutiae are gamma and Weibull distribution,while normal,Weibull,and lognormal distributions were the fitting parameters selected for minutiae configurations.The fitting parameters selected by different number of minutiae under different-source conditions are lognormal distribution,and the parameter methods selected for different minutiae configurations include Weibull,gamma,and lognormal distributions.The results of the LR model showed increased accuracy as the number of minutiae increased,indicating strong discriminative and corrective power.However,the accuracy of the LR evaluation based on different configurations was comparatively lower.In addition,the LR models with different numbers of minutiae outperformed those with different minutiae configurations.Our study shows that the use of LR models based on parametric methods is favoured in reducing the risk of fingerprint evidence misidentification,improving the quantitative assessment methods of fingerprint evidence,and promoting fingerprint identification from experience to science.展开更多
We study the parameter estimation of a nonlinear chaotic system,which can be essentially formulated as a multidimensional optimization problem.In this paper,an orthogonal learning cuckoo search algorithm is used to es...We study the parameter estimation of a nonlinear chaotic system,which can be essentially formulated as a multidimensional optimization problem.In this paper,an orthogonal learning cuckoo search algorithm is used to estimate the parameters of chaotic systems.This algorithm can combine the stochastic exploration of the cuckoo search and the exploitation capability of the orthogonal learning strategy.Experiments are conducted on the Lorenz system and the Chen system.The proposed algorithm is used to estimate the parameters for these two systems.Simulation results and comparisons demonstrate that the proposed algorithm is better or at least comparable to the particle swarm optimization and the genetic algorithm when considering the quality of the solutions obtained.展开更多
To effectively estimate the unknown aerodynamic parameters from the aircraft’s flight data,this paper proposes a novel aerodynamic parameter estimation method incorporating a stacked Long Short-Term Memory(LSTM)netwo...To effectively estimate the unknown aerodynamic parameters from the aircraft’s flight data,this paper proposes a novel aerodynamic parameter estimation method incorporating a stacked Long Short-Term Memory(LSTM)network model and the Levenberg-Marquardt(LM)method.The stacked LSTM network model was designed to realize the aircraft dynamics modeling by utilizing a frame of nonlinear functional mapping based entirely on the measured input-output data of the aircraft system without requiring explicit postulation of the dynamics.The LM method combines the already-trained LSTM network model to optimize the unknown aerodynamic parameters.The proposed method is applied by using the real flight data,generated by ATTAS aircraft and a bio-inspired morphing Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV).The investigation reveals that for the two different flight data,the designed stacked LSTM network structure can maintain the efficacy of the network prediction capability only by appropriately adjusting the dropout rates of its hidden layers without changing other network parameters(i.e.,the initial weights,initial biases,number of hidden cells,time-steps,learning rate,and number of training iterations).Besides,the proposed method’s effectiveness and potential are demonstrated by comparing the estimated results of the ATTAS aircraft or the bio-inspired morphing UAV with the corresponding reference values or wind-tunnel results.展开更多
A retrofitted electro-hydraulic proportional system for hydraulic excavator was introduced firstly. According to the principle and characteristic of load independent flow distribution(LUDV) system,taking boom hydrauli...A retrofitted electro-hydraulic proportional system for hydraulic excavator was introduced firstly. According to the principle and characteristic of load independent flow distribution(LUDV) system,taking boom hydraulic system as an example and ignoring the leakage of hydraulic cylinder and the mass of oil in it,a force equilibrium equation and a continuous equation of hydraulic cylinder were set up. Based on the flow equation of electro-hydraulic proportional valve,the pressure passing through the valve and the difference of pressure were tested and analyzed. The results show that the difference of pressure does not change with load,and it approximates to 2.0 MPa. And then,assume the flow across the valve is directly proportional to spool displacement and is not influenced by load,a simplified model of electro-hydraulic system was put forward. At the same time,by analyzing the structure and load-bearing of boom instrument,and combining moment equivalent equation of manipulator with rotating law,the estimation methods and equations for such parameters as equivalent mass and bearing force of hydraulic cylinder were set up. Finally,the step response of flow of boom cylinder was tested when the electro-hydraulic proportional valve was controlled by the step current. Based on the experiment curve,the flow gain coefficient of valve is identified as 2.825×10-4 m3/(s·A) and the model is verified.展开更多
The noise robustness and parameter estimation performance of the classical three-dimensional estimating signal parameter via rotational invariance techniques(3D-ESPRIT)algorithm are poor when the parameters of the geo...The noise robustness and parameter estimation performance of the classical three-dimensional estimating signal parameter via rotational invariance techniques(3D-ESPRIT)algorithm are poor when the parameters of the geometric theory of the diffraction(GTD)model are estimated at low signal-to-noise ratio(SNR).To solve this problem,a modified 3D-ESPRIT algorithm is proposed.The modified algorithm improves the parameter estimation accuracy by proposing a novel spatial smoothing technique.Firstly,we make cross-correlation of the auto-correlation matrices;then by averaging the cross-correlation matrices of the forward and backward spatial smoothing,we can obtain a novel equivalent spatial smoothing matrix.The formula of the modified algorithm is derived and the performance of this improved method is also analyzed.Then we compare root-meansquare-errors(RMSEs)of different parameters and the locating accuracy obtained by different algorithms.Furthermore,radar cross section(RCS)of radar targets is extrapolated.Simulation results verify the effectiveness and superiority of the modified 3DESPRIT algorithm.展开更多
基金supported by the Science Challenge Project(Grant No.TZ2025017)the Quantum Science and Technology-National Science and Technology Major Project(Grant No.2024ZD0301000)+1 种基金the Science Foundation of Zhejiang Sci-Tech University(Grant No.23062088-Y)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.92476118 and 12275062)。
摘要For pure states,the quantum Berry curvature has been well studied.However,the quantum curvature for mixed states has received less attention.From the concept of symmetric logarithmic derivative,we introduce a mixed-state quantum curvature and find that it plays a key role in the field of multi-parameter precision estimations.Through spectral decomposition,we derive the mixed-state Berry curvature for both the full-rank and non-full-rank density matrices.As an example,we obtain the exact expression of the Berry curvature for an arbitrary qubit state.
基金supported in part by Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 62571133 and 62571135Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province under Grant 2025J01459.
摘要In the 6G environment,addressing challenges like missing data,demodulation errors,and offgrid issues during target parameter estimation is a significant hurdle for integrated sensing and communication(ISAC)systems.In the ISAC framework,a commonly used method for parameter estimation is compressive sensing.However,it often struggles with off-grid problems in continuous parameter estimation.In contrast,the atomic norm has been proven effective in overcoming these off-grid issues,making it a more suitable approach for continuous parameter estimation.In this paper,we investigate the application of atomic norm in ISAC and propose an ISAC model based on orthogonal frequency division multiplexing(OFDM)for parameter estimation.We utilize the atomic norm under conditions of incomplete data and demodulation errors.To enhance the convergence speed and accuracy of our algorithm,we implement the alternating direction method of multipliers(ADMM)for iterative processing.We refer to this algorithm as ANMI.Building on this foundation,we develop a deep unfolding network algorithm,ANMIADMM-Net,which further mitigates the impact of missing data and demodulation errors on target parameter estimation by training optimal parameters.Experimental results demonstrate that our proposed ANMI and ANMI-ADMM-Net accurately estimate target parameters even in the presence of missing data and demodulation errors,exhibiting superior precision and robustness compared to traditional methods.
基金supported in part by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFB2900501)in part by the Shaanxi Science and Technology Innovation Team(2023-CX-TD-03)+3 种基金in part by the Science and Technology Program of Shaanxi Province(2021GXLH-Z-038)in part by the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(2023JJ40607 and 2023JJ50045)in part by the Scientific Research Foundation of Hunan Provincial Education Department(23B0713 and 24B0603)in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62401371,62101275,and 62372070).
摘要(Quasi-)closed-form results for the statistical properties of unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)airto-ground channels are derived for the first time using a novel spatial-vector-based method from a threedimensional(3-D)arbitrary-elevation one-cylinder model.The derived results include a closed-form expression for the space-time correlation function and some quasi-closed-form ones for the space-Doppler power spectrum density,the level crossing rate,and the average fading duration,which are shown to be the generalizations of those previously obtained from the two-dimensional(2-D)one-ring model and the 3-D low-elevation one-cylinder model for terrestrial mobile-to-mobile channels.The close agreements between the theoretical results and the simulations as well as the measurements validate the utility of the derived channel statistics.Based on the derived expressions,the impacts of some parameters on the channel characteristics are investigated in an effective,efficient,and explicable way,which leads to a general guideline on the manual parameter estimation from the measurement description.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract Nos 42476028 and 42405166the National Key Research and Development Program under contract Nos 2023YFC3107901 and 2022YFC3104804。
摘要This study presents a four-dimensional variational(4D-Var)data assimilation framework to optimize two uncertain wave-induced parameters(wave energy factor α and Charnock coefficient β)within the Mellor-Yamada level 2.5(MY-2.5)turbulence closure scheme.The effectiveness of the optimization is then evaluated by its impact on improving sea surface temperature(SST)forecasts.This study represents one of the first attempts to estimate higher-order turbulent parameters using real observational data.As the extension of prior twin experiments,observational data are sourced from a fusion of satellite and in situ measurements.Extending previous twin experiments,the observational dataset combines satellite and in situ measurements,effectively mitigating the limitations of satellite accuracy and the sparse spatial coverage of in situ observations.In real-data assimilation experiments,joint optimization of the initial field and the two parameters yielded limited parameter improvement.This is attributed to the lower sensitivity of the two parameters compared to the initial field within the short assimilation time window.However,optimizing the parameters after the initial field reaches a quasi-balanced state further enhances SST prediction accuracy.Quantitatively,the SST forecast root-mean-square error is reduced by approximately 22%compared to simulations without parameter optimization.Crucially,the practical value of parameter optimization lies not in determining true parameter values,but in its capacity to counteract inherent systematic model errors,such as model bias and resolution constraints.While the spatial invariance of parameters imposes inherent limitations on forecast performance,the experiments demonstrate that optimizing α and β via 4D-Var yields measurable benefits for SST prediction accuracy.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(CUSF-DH-D-2025033)supported by the NSFC(11971101,12171081)the NSF of Shanghai(24ZR1402900)。
摘要Let Mα={Mtα,t≥0}be anα-stable motion on R with 00.Whenθ>0 and 1/β+1<a<2,we show that the convergence Jtα(0,θ,β):=(1+t)βe-G(t)Xtα→ξ∞α+ν/θand Jtα(n,θ,β):=θ(1+t)β+1(Jtα(n-1,θ,β)λn-1(ξ∞α+ν/θ))→λn(t→∞)hold almost surely for all n≥1,where G(t)=∫0tθ(1+s)βds,ξ∞α=∫0∞(1+s)βe-G(s)d Msαandλn=β(2β+1)...(nβ+n-1).Using least squares method,we study estimators ofθandνand give their asymptotic distributions.
基金funded by the Malaysian Ministry of Higher Education through the Fundamental Research Grant Scheme(FRGS/1/2024/ICT02/UCSI/02/1).
摘要Accurate estimation of photovoltaic(PV)parameters is essential for optimizing solar module perfor-mance and enhancing resource efficiency in renewable energy systems.This study presents a process innovation by introducing,for the first time,the Triangulation Topology Aggregation Optimizer(TTAO)integrated with parallel computing to address PV parameter estimation challenges.The effectiveness and robustness of TTAO are rigorously evaluated using two standard benchmark datasets(KC200GT and R.T.C.France solar cells)and a real-world dataset(Poly70W solar module)under single-,double-,and triple-diode configurations.Results show that TTAO consistently achieves superior accuracy by producing the lowest RMSE values and faster convergence compared to state-of-the-art metaheuristic algorithms.In addition,the integration of parallel computing significantly enhances computational efficiency,reducing execution time by up to 85%without compromising accuracy.Validation using real-world data further demonstrates TTAO’s adaptability and practical relevance in renewable energy systems,effectively bridging the gap between theoretical modeling and real-world implementation for PV system monitoring and optimization,contributing to climate mitigation through improved solar energy performance.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62222120)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2024YFB3909804)the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation(No.ZR2024JQ003).
摘要Micro-Doppler parameter estimation is crucial for moving targets.However,conventional methods face limitations like inadequate time-frequency(TF)resolution and poor generalization,while existing deep learning approaches often treat TF analysis as a fixed preprocessing step.To overcome these challenges,this paper introduces a radar micro-Doppler parameter estimation method based on a gated dual-path dynamic-wavelet convolutional network(GDWCN).The GDWCN is an end-to-end deep learning framework that maps raw radar signals to micro-motion parameters by integrating clutter suppression,gated dual-path module,feature extraction,and parameter regression.Its core innovation is a gated dual-path module that combines dynamic convolution and learnable wavelet convolution,selecting the optimal processing path based on input signal characteristics.For the Inspire 2 drone,GDWCN reduced the mean absolute error(MAE)of frequency estimation by approximately 38%compared to the enhanced time-frequency micro-Doppler network,and its relative error by approximately 69%compared to the short-time Fourier transform(STFT),and 58%over the local maximum synchroextracting transform.Ablation studies further confirm the efficacy of the clutter suppression module and the attention mechanism.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant/award number 52072266).
摘要Aiming to address the challenge of directly measuring the real-time adhesion coefficient between wheels and rails,this paper proposes an online estimation algorithm for the adhesion coefficient based on parameter estimation.Firstly,a force analysis of the single-wheel pair model of the train is conducted to derive the calculation relationship for the wheel-rail adhesion coefficient in train dynamics.Then,an estimator based on parameter estimation is designed,and its stability is verified.This estimator is combined with the wheelset force analysis to estimate the wheel-rail adhesion coefficient.Finally,the approach is validated through joint simulations on the MATLAB/Simulink and AMESim platforms,as well as a hardware-in-the-loop semi-physical simulation experimental platform that accounts for system delay and noise conditions.The results indicate that the proposed algorithm effectively tracks changes in the adhesion coefficient during train braking,including the decrease in adhesion when the train brakes and slides,and the overall increase as the train speed decreases.The effectiveness of the algorithm was verified by setting different test conditions.The results show that the estimation algorithm can accurately estimate the adhesion coefficient,and through error analysis,it is found that the error between the estimated value of the adhesion coefficient and the theoretical value of the adhesion coefficient is within 5%.The adhesion coefficient obtained through the online estimation method based on the parameter estimation proposed in this paper demonstrates strong followability in both simulation and practical applications.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62271248)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20230090)the Key Laboratory of Land Satellite Remote Sensing Application through the Ministry of Natural Resources of China(No.KLSMNR-K202303).
摘要In recent years,the development of domestic commercial synthetic aperture radar(SAR)is in full swing,with multiple commercial SAR satellites in orbit,showing great potential in disaster monitoring,natural resource management and deformation observation.Fucheng-1 is the first C-band commercial SAR satellite for interferometric SAR(InSAR)service developed by Spacety China,which marks the gradual maturity of China’s remote sensing data service.Based on the raw data collected by Fucheng-1,this paper firstly introduces the range-Doppler algorithm(RDA),then illustrates the parameter estimation method on the basis of fractional Fourier transform(FrFT)to realize the accurate estimation of azimuth chirp rate,which effectively improves imaging quality.Finally,the L1-norm regularization based sparse imaging method is utilized to reconstruct images from down-sampled data.Experimental results show that the sparse imaging algorithm can accurately reconstruct the down-sampled Fucheng-1 data and suppress sidelobes and clutter.
摘要In order to obtain better inverse synthetic aperture radar(ISAR)image,a novel structure-enhanced spatial spectrum is proposed for estimating the incoherence parameters and fusing multiband.The proposed method takes full advantage of the original electromagnetic scattering data and its conjugated form by combining them with the novel covariance matrices.To analyse the superiority of the modified algorithm,the mathematical expression of equivalent signal to noise ratio(SNR)is derived,which can validate our proposed algorithm theoretically.In addition,compared with the conventional matrix pencil(MP)algorithm and the conventional root-multiple signal classification(Root-MUSIC)algorithm,the proposed algorithm has better parameter estimation performance and more accurate multiband fusion results at the same SNR situations.Validity and effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated by simulation data and real radar data.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants Nos.92476118 and 12275062).
摘要The Mach-Zehnder interferometer is a fundamental tool for measuring phase shifts between two light paths,serving as a crucial prototype for achieving high-precision measurements in various scientific and technological applications.In this study,we analyze different models for estimating the relative phase shift in a general two-arm Mach-Zehnder interferometer.We demonstrated that single-parameter estimation models can be reduced from the two-parameter estimation model by imposing appropriate constraints on the parameter space.To make quantum Fisher information of the single-parameter estimation models meaningful,the corresponding constraints must be guaranteed in the experiment implementation.Furthermore,we apply the quantum Fisher information approach to analyze the Mach-Zehnder interferometer with the an input state composed of a displaced squeezed vacuum state and a coherent state,providing insights into the precision limits of such configurations.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(60832012)
摘要Aerodynamic modeling and parameter estimation from quick accesses recorder (QAR) data is an important technical way to analyze the effects of highland weather conditions upon aerodynamic characteristics of airplane. It is also an essential content of flight accident analysis. The related techniques are developed in the present paper, including the geometric method for angle of attack and sideslip angle estimation, the extended Kalman filter associated with modified Bryson-Frazier smoother (EKF-MBF) method for aerodynamic coefficient identification, the radial basis function (RBF) neural network method for aerodynamic mod- eling, and the Delta method for stability/control derivative estimation. As an application example, the QAR data of a civil air- plane approaching a high-altitude airport are processed and the aerodynamic coefficient and derivative estimates are obtained. The estimation results are reasonable, which shows that the developed techniques are feasible. The causes for the distribution of aerodynamic derivative estimates are analyzed. Accordingly, several measures to improve estimation accuracy are put forward.
基金supported by the National Defence Pre-research Foundation of China(30502010103).
摘要Modern radar signals mostly use low probability of intercept(LPI)waveforms,which have short pulses in the time domain,multicomponent properties,frequency hopping,combined modulation waveforms and other characteristics,making the detection and estimation of LPI radar signals extremely difficult,and leading to highly required significant research on perception technology in the battlefield environment.This paper proposes a visibility graphs(VG)-based multicomponent signals detection method and a modulation waveforms parameter estimation algorithm based on the time-frequency representation(TFR).On the one hand,the frequency domain VG is used to set the dynamic threshold for detecting the multicomponent LPI radar waveforms.On the other hand,the signal is projected into the time and frequency domains by the TFR method for estimating its symbol width and instantaneous frequency(IF).Simulation performance shows that,compared with the most advanced methods,the algorithm proposed in this paper has a valuable advantage.Meanwhile,the calculation cost of the algorithm is quite low,and it is achievable in the future battlefield.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(72071111,71801127,71671091)the NSFC and the UK Royal Society joint project(71811530338)+2 种基金the Special Postdoctoral Fund of China(2019TQ0150)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(NC2019003)the Intelligence Introduction Base of the Ministry of Science and Technology(G20190010178)。
摘要Effectiveness evaluation of the joint operation system is an important basis for the demonstration and development of weapon equipment.With the consideration that existing models of system effectiveness evaluation seldom describe the structural relationship among equipment clearly as well as reflect the dynamic,the analog-to-digital converter-graphical evaluation and review technique(ADC-GERT)network parameter estimation model is proposed based on the ADC model and the joint operation system structure.Firstly,analysis of the joint operation system structure and operation process is conducted to build the GERT network,where equipment subsystems are nodes and activities are directed arches.Then the mission effectiveness of equipment subsystems is calculated by the ADC model.The probability transfer parameters are modified by the mission effectiveness of equipment subsystems based on the Bayesian theorem,with the ADC-GERT network parameter estimation model constructed.Finally,a case study is used to validate the efficiency and dynamic of the ADC-GERT network parameter estimation model.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 60976039)
摘要We present an approach in which the differential evolution (DE) algorithm is used to address identification problems in chaotic systems with or without delay terms. Unlike existing considerations, the scheme is able to simultaneously extract (i) the commonly considered parameters, (ii) the delay, and (iii) the initial state. The main goal is to present and verify the robustness against the common white Guassian noise of the DE-based method. Results of the time-delay logistic system, the Mackey Glass system and the Lorenz system are also presented.
基金Supported by the second batch of participants in the "Zhejiang Provincial Leading Talent Development Program for Higher Education Institutions" are young outstanding talents being nurtured (Grant 2022-36-432).
摘要Fingerprints with similar morphological characteristics but from different individuals can lead to errors in individual identification,especially when dealing with large databases containing millions of fingerprints.To address this issue and enhance the accuracy of similar fingerprint identification,the use of the likelihood ratio(LR)model for quantitative evaluation of fingerprint evidence has emerged as an effective research method.In this study,the LR fingerprint evidence evaluation model was established by using mathematical statistical methods,such as parameter estimation and hypothesis testing.This involved various steps,including database construction,scoring,fitting,calculation,and visual evaluation.Under the same-source conditions,the optimal parameter methods selected by different number of minutiae are gamma and Weibull distribution,while normal,Weibull,and lognormal distributions were the fitting parameters selected for minutiae configurations.The fitting parameters selected by different number of minutiae under different-source conditions are lognormal distribution,and the parameter methods selected for different minutiae configurations include Weibull,gamma,and lognormal distributions.The results of the LR model showed increased accuracy as the number of minutiae increased,indicating strong discriminative and corrective power.However,the accuracy of the LR evaluation based on different configurations was comparatively lower.In addition,the LR models with different numbers of minutiae outperformed those with different minutiae configurations.Our study shows that the use of LR models based on parametric methods is favoured in reducing the risk of fingerprint evidence misidentification,improving the quantitative assessment methods of fingerprint evidence,and promoting fingerprint identification from experience to science.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 60473042,60573067 and 60803102)
摘要We study the parameter estimation of a nonlinear chaotic system,which can be essentially formulated as a multidimensional optimization problem.In this paper,an orthogonal learning cuckoo search algorithm is used to estimate the parameters of chaotic systems.This algorithm can combine the stochastic exploration of the cuckoo search and the exploitation capability of the orthogonal learning strategy.Experiments are conducted on the Lorenz system and the Chen system.The proposed algorithm is used to estimate the parameters for these two systems.Simulation results and comparisons demonstrate that the proposed algorithm is better or at least comparable to the particle swarm optimization and the genetic algorithm when considering the quality of the solutions obtained.
基金co-supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52192633)the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province,China(No.2022JC-03)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(No.XJSJ23164)。
摘要To effectively estimate the unknown aerodynamic parameters from the aircraft’s flight data,this paper proposes a novel aerodynamic parameter estimation method incorporating a stacked Long Short-Term Memory(LSTM)network model and the Levenberg-Marquardt(LM)method.The stacked LSTM network model was designed to realize the aircraft dynamics modeling by utilizing a frame of nonlinear functional mapping based entirely on the measured input-output data of the aircraft system without requiring explicit postulation of the dynamics.The LM method combines the already-trained LSTM network model to optimize the unknown aerodynamic parameters.The proposed method is applied by using the real flight data,generated by ATTAS aircraft and a bio-inspired morphing Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV).The investigation reveals that for the two different flight data,the designed stacked LSTM network structure can maintain the efficacy of the network prediction capability only by appropriately adjusting the dropout rates of its hidden layers without changing other network parameters(i.e.,the initial weights,initial biases,number of hidden cells,time-steps,learning rate,and number of training iterations).Besides,the proposed method’s effectiveness and potential are demonstrated by comparing the estimated results of the ATTAS aircraft or the bio-inspired morphing UAV with the corresponding reference values or wind-tunnel results.
基金Project(2003AA430200) supported by the National High-Tech Research and Development Program of China
摘要A retrofitted electro-hydraulic proportional system for hydraulic excavator was introduced firstly. According to the principle and characteristic of load independent flow distribution(LUDV) system,taking boom hydraulic system as an example and ignoring the leakage of hydraulic cylinder and the mass of oil in it,a force equilibrium equation and a continuous equation of hydraulic cylinder were set up. Based on the flow equation of electro-hydraulic proportional valve,the pressure passing through the valve and the difference of pressure were tested and analyzed. The results show that the difference of pressure does not change with load,and it approximates to 2.0 MPa. And then,assume the flow across the valve is directly proportional to spool displacement and is not influenced by load,a simplified model of electro-hydraulic system was put forward. At the same time,by analyzing the structure and load-bearing of boom instrument,and combining moment equivalent equation of manipulator with rotating law,the estimation methods and equations for such parameters as equivalent mass and bearing force of hydraulic cylinder were set up. Finally,the step response of flow of boom cylinder was tested when the electro-hydraulic proportional valve was controlled by the step current. Based on the experiment curve,the flow gain coefficient of valve is identified as 2.825×10-4 m3/(s·A) and the model is verified.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61372033).
摘要The noise robustness and parameter estimation performance of the classical three-dimensional estimating signal parameter via rotational invariance techniques(3D-ESPRIT)algorithm are poor when the parameters of the geometric theory of the diffraction(GTD)model are estimated at low signal-to-noise ratio(SNR).To solve this problem,a modified 3D-ESPRIT algorithm is proposed.The modified algorithm improves the parameter estimation accuracy by proposing a novel spatial smoothing technique.Firstly,we make cross-correlation of the auto-correlation matrices;then by averaging the cross-correlation matrices of the forward and backward spatial smoothing,we can obtain a novel equivalent spatial smoothing matrix.The formula of the modified algorithm is derived and the performance of this improved method is also analyzed.Then we compare root-meansquare-errors(RMSEs)of different parameters and the locating accuracy obtained by different algorithms.Furthermore,radar cross section(RCS)of radar targets is extrapolated.Simulation results verify the effectiveness and superiority of the modified 3DESPRIT algorithm.