The high surface reflectivity of metallic materials and their narrow range of electromagnetic wave absorption(primarily in the visible spectrum) severely limit their practical applications in defense,energy conversion...The high surface reflectivity of metallic materials and their narrow range of electromagnetic wave absorption(primarily in the visible spectrum) severely limit their practical applications in defense,energy conversion,and communication.Therefore,creating surface structures with anti-reflective properties on metallic materials can effectively reduce surface reflectivity and broaden the frequency bandwidth of electromagnetic wave absorption,a goal highly valued by scholars both domestically and internationally.In this study,we investigated the effect of femtosecond-laser process parameters(pulse frequency,processing power,scanning speed,processing time,and focal length) on the dimensional parameters and surface morphology of groove and circular hole structures using a single-factor approach.By varying the femtosecond-laser process parameters,we produced groove and circular hole specimens with different width/diameter-to-depth ratios.The results indicated that with increases in femtosecond-laser pulse frequency,processing power,scanning speed,and processing time,the width and depth of the grooves and circular holes increased to varying extents.We characterized the anti-reflective properties of the textured surfaces to elucidate the mechanism by which the width/diameter-to-depth ratio of the textured structures affects the anti-reflective properties of metal surfaces.The results show that the transverse dimensions and depths of the groove and hole structures increased linearly with increases in femtosecond-laser processing power and the number of processing cycles.The average reflectance of the structures increased from 15.15% to31.84% when the ratio of structural width(diameter) to depth ranged between 0.43 and 1.The average reflectance of the structures,calculated to be consistent with actual results,ranged from 12.13% to 36.37%.The findings demonstrate that the width/diameter-to-depth ratio of the structure is a crucial index for assessing antireflective performance.展开更多
Electrochemical models,characterized by high fidelity and physical interpretability,have been applied in var-ious fields such as fast charging,battery state estimation,and battery material design.Currently,widely util...Electrochemical models,characterized by high fidelity and physical interpretability,have been applied in var-ious fields such as fast charging,battery state estimation,and battery material design.Currently,widely utilized single particle-based model exhibits high computational efficiency but suffers from low simulation accuracy under high-rate charge/discharge conditions.In this work,an electrochemical model for lithium-ion batteries based on multi-particle hypothesis is developed.Two particles are employed to represent the electrode char-acteristics of the positive and negative electrodes,respectively.Through theoretical derivation,mathematical equations are established to describe various processes within the battery,including solid-phase diffusion,li-quidphase diffusion,reaction polarization,and ohmic polarization.In addition,a method for obtaining model parameters is proposed.Finally,the model is experimentally validated by using lithium iron phosphate and nickel-cobalt-manganese lithium-ion batteries under constant current conditions.The identified battery elec-trochemical model parameters are within reasonable accuracy as evidenced by the experimental validation results.展开更多
The synergistic mechanism of multiple process parameters on the solidification structure of niobium containing austenitic stainless steel during continuous casting is complex,which seriously affects the quality of con...The synergistic mechanism of multiple process parameters on the solidification structure of niobium containing austenitic stainless steel during continuous casting is complex,which seriously affects the quality of continuous casting billets and seamless pipes.In order to optimize the quality of continuous casting billet,a finite element model of solidification and heat transfer in continuous casting process was established for the secondary cooling process of continuous casting billet.The control variable method was used to explore the influence of casting speed and superheat on the solidification process.At the same time,an orthogonal scheme was designed to study the coupling effect of multiple process parameters on the heat transfer and solidification state of continuous casting billets,and optimized process parameters were selected.The optimization results of process parameters were verified through production experiments,and it is found that the enrichment of coarse niobium compounds directly causes the initiation and propagation of inner wall cracks during the large deformation hot piercing of S30432 seamless tubes.Process parameter optimization,especially the synergistic effect of the decrease of superheat and increase of specific water flow promotes the grain refinement and expension of equiaxed crystal zone,thereby mitigating the segregation of Nb elements and improving the distribution of niobium compounds.展开更多
Male infertility poses a substantial healthcare challenge and severely impacts the lives of patients.We aimed to investigate the risk factors for infertility and abnormal semen parameters.We conducted a comprehensive ...Male infertility poses a substantial healthcare challenge and severely impacts the lives of patients.We aimed to investigate the risk factors for infertility and abnormal semen parameters.We conducted a comprehensive search of the articles published in Web of Science,MEDLINE,and Embase databases from January 2000 to February 2025.Infertility,semen volume,sperm concentration,sperm count,sperm morphology,sperm motility,and sperm progressive motility were used as endpoints to evaluate the relevance of risk factors.A total of 43 studies were included,covering 67 risk factors associated with infertility and abnormal sperm parameters.A total of 249 effect sizes were scored individually using the Grading of Recommendations,Assessment,Development,and Evaluation(GRADE)tool,of which 136(54.6%)were classified as“very low”,59(23.7%)as“low”,and 54(21.7%)as“moderate”.Suffering from type 1 diabetes,metabolic syndrome,hyperthyroidism,systemic lupus erythematosus,chronic prostatitis,and leukocytospermia may increase the risk of abnormal semen parameters.Poor lifestyle habits(obesity,sleep disorders,and smoking),exposure to pollutants and various compounds(carbon disulfide,organophosphates,and lead),the use of medications(sulfasalazine,mesalazine,and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors),and even some viral infections(severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2,human papillomavirus,and hepatitis viruses)were associated with decreased semen quality.Regular physical exercise,nut consumption,and adherence to a healthy dietary pattern may reverse this process.An increasing number of factors are associated with infertility;however,some of the aforementioned studies lack verification of causal relationships.Future studies need to be well designed to further confirm these relationships.展开更多
For pure states,the quantum Berry curvature has been well studied.However,the quantum curvature for mixed states has received less attention.From the concept of symmetric logarithmic derivative,we introduce a mixed-st...For pure states,the quantum Berry curvature has been well studied.However,the quantum curvature for mixed states has received less attention.From the concept of symmetric logarithmic derivative,we introduce a mixed-state quantum curvature and find that it plays a key role in the field of multi-parameter precision estimations.Through spectral decomposition,we derive the mixed-state Berry curvature for both the full-rank and non-full-rank density matrices.As an example,we obtain the exact expression of the Berry curvature for an arbitrary qubit state.展开更多
Research on the modeling of bolted connection structures primarily centers on the characterization of the connection interface.Accurate equivalent modeling of the connection interface is crucial for the effective mode...Research on the modeling of bolted connection structures primarily centers on the characterization of the connection interface.Accurate equivalent modeling of the connection interface is crucial for the effective modeling of bolted connection structures.This article considers the misalignment between the bolt plane and the beam plane,and establishes a modified joint element representing the bolted connection by using the seriesstiffness method.The contact stiffness in this modified joint element are identified using a genetic algorithm with an “emperor selection” strategy.The bolted connection beam model is achieved by refining the Euler-Bernoulli beam model through the incorporation of a modified joint element.The maximum error between the model calculation results and experimental results for each order of natural frequency is 2.39%.This demonstrates the feasibility of accurately characterizing the bolted connection beam through the utilization of the modified joint element for equivalent modeling.This research proposes a modeling method for bolted connection beams that accounts for the misalignment between the bolt plane and the beam plane,significantly enhancing modeling accuracy.展开更多
To address the dimensional accuracy challenges in investment casting of DD6 nickel-based superalloy hollow turbine blades,a multi-parameter collaborative optimization and deformation response prediction method based o...To address the dimensional accuracy challenges in investment casting of DD6 nickel-based superalloy hollow turbine blades,a multi-parameter collaborative optimization and deformation response prediction method based on response surface methodology was proposed.Using a Box-Behnken design,with pouring temperature,shell temperature,and withdrawal rate as key variables,deformation response data were obtained through numerical simulation,and a second-order model incorporating linear,interaction,and quadratic terms was established to characterize the nonlinear coupling effects of process parameters on dimensional deformation.The results indicate that withdrawal rate is the dominant factor influencing deformation,while shell temperature exhibits a pronounced“U”-shaped nonlinear trend.Significant interactions between process parameters are also observed.The constructed model demonstrates high predictive accuracy,with R2 of 0.978 and an RMSE of 0.0026 mm,and exhibits strong generalization capability,enabling the identification of optimal parameter combinations even beyond the simulated dataset.Compared with conventional orthogonal design methods,the maximum deformation of the optimized process was reduced from 0.2021 mm to 0.1905 mm,achieving an improvement of approximately 5.74%.This work provides a theoretical foundation and practical strategy for dimensional accuracy control and multi-parameter process optimization in the manufacturing of complex thin-walled castings.展开更多
As binary geological media,soil-rock mixtures(SRMs)exhibit a distinct gradational composition,leading to their unique mechanical behaviors.To appraise the stability of SRM slopes,it is essential to determine equivalen...As binary geological media,soil-rock mixtures(SRMs)exhibit a distinct gradational composition,leading to their unique mechanical behaviors.To appraise the stability of SRM slopes,it is essential to determine equivalent parameters of SRMs,which are typically obtained through experimental and numerical methods.In contrasted to other numerical methods,the numerical manifold method(NMM)is more effective in addressing SRM problems.This is because the high-precision regular mathematical meshes in NMM can be used without aligning with the soil-rock interfaces and boundaries of SRMs.In the current research,the equivalent strength parameters of SRMs,i.e.the equivalent cohesion ce and internal friction angleϕe,are determined using NMM.Initially,an NMM triaxial numerical model is established and validated based on triaxial experiments.Subsequently,the soil and rock parameters are derived through parameter inversion.Moreover,the impacts of rock content,size,shape and rock blocks'major-axis orientation on ce andϕe of SRMs are thoroughly examined using the NMM triaxial numerical model.Additionally,a fitting function is proposed to linkϕe to the rock content and size of SRMs.When other influencing factors are fixed,the above fitting model leads to the following conclusions:(1)the predictedϕe of SRMs increase with the increase of rock content;and(2)SRM samples with smaller rocks display a higher predictedϕe.展开更多
We propose a robust self-triggered switching control scheme for four-wheel-steering autonomous ground vehicles(FAGVs)to enhance tracking precision in the face of significant parameter variations.First,using the polyto...We propose a robust self-triggered switching control scheme for four-wheel-steering autonomous ground vehicles(FAGVs)to enhance tracking precision in the face of significant parameter variations.First,using the polytopic mechanism,the nonlinear dynamics of an FAGV are formulated as a switched linear parameter-varying system to accommodate parametric perturbations.With suitable dwell time,a novel self-triggered switching law is designed using energy density in terms of the tracking accuracy and system robustness;this satisfies the required control criteria while also preventing the Zeno phenomenon caused by traditional high-frequency switching.Through the application of multiple parameter-correlated Lyapunov functions,the resultant closed-loop system is ensured to be asymptotically stable with suitable auto-tuned gains.Finally,the efficacy and superiority of the proposed method are verified through experiments with an FAGV system.展开更多
This research examines the optimization of motion strategy and control parameters for an Autonomous Underwater Glider(AUG)navigating between two points.For scenarios with specified initial position,target position,and...This research examines the optimization of motion strategy and control parameters for an Autonomous Underwater Glider(AUG)navigating between two points.For scenarios with specified initial position,target position,and heading,this study proposes a three-dimensional multimodal path planning methodology based on the 3D-Dubins path,ensuring both task fulfillment and motion feasibility within AUG dynamics constraints.The path planning approach incorporates ocean current interference and utilizes task objectives and control parameters as inputs.It systematically calculates information including horizontal Dubins type,vertical plane motion modes,and turning point depths to generate the path planning solution.The motion control strategy implements initial control parameter values and utilizes depth measurements as evaluation criteria.Through control parameter adjustments,the strategy facilitates tracking of the designated path.This control approach requires minimal feedback information,with computations executable by shore-based facilities,thereby reducing computational and measurement demands on the AUG and enhancing operational reliability.For specified task objectives,multi-objective optimization of control parameters is conducted using the proposed path planning method and motion control strategy,yielding optimized control parameters and corresponding motion control strategies for various operational requirements.展开更多
During mine roadway excavation in jointed and fractured rock masses,drilling and blasting remains a widely adopted method.However,the complex interaction between blasting-induced stress waves and pre-existing structur...During mine roadway excavation in jointed and fractured rock masses,drilling and blasting remains a widely adopted method.However,the complex interaction between blasting-induced stress waves and pre-existing structural planes often leads to overbreak,loosening of the surrounding rock,and an expanded excavation damage zone,posing significant challenges to roadway stability and construction safety.Most existing studies are limited to single-factor analyses or assume homogeneous rock mass behavior,leaving a critical gap in understanding the coupled effects of joint geometric parameters and blasting parameters on damage evolution.This study addresses this gap by developing a numerical model using LSDYNA to investigate blast damage control in jointed rock masses during roadway excavation.A systematic parametric analysis was conducted to evaluate the influence of joint dip angle(α),joint thickness(h),joint position,and blast-hole spacing(d)on blasting performance.The results show that atα=45°,particle vibration velocity at the monitoring points reaches its maximum,and fragmentation is most pronounced along the blast-hole connection line.Reducing the blast-hole spacing to 60 cm increases the peak effective stress at the joint plane to 72.8 MPa,yielding optimal fragmentation while mitigating excessive rock damage commonly associated with larger spacings.As joint thickness increases from 4 cm to 8 cm,the peak effective stress at the joint plane drops from 94.7 MPa to 70.8 MPa.This decrease of approximately 33.7%indicates that thicker joints substantially enhance stress-wave attenuation and energy dissipation.Moreover,increasing the distance between the joint and the blast hole from 5 cm to 15 cm significantly reduces damage in the rock mass between the source and the joint plane.Field validation demonstrates that the optimized smooth blasting scheme,compared to conventional blasting,improves the half-hole rate from 33.3%to 93.3%,increases the average advance per cycle from 2.43 m to 2.92 m,and reduces the depth of blast-induced damage from approximately 2.4 m to 1.5 m.These findings confirm that the proposed blasting parameters markedly enhance excavation quality and effectively limit blast-induced damage in jointed rock masses.展开更多
In the 6G environment,addressing challenges like missing data,demodulation errors,and offgrid issues during target parameter estimation is a significant hurdle for integrated sensing and communication(ISAC)systems.In ...In the 6G environment,addressing challenges like missing data,demodulation errors,and offgrid issues during target parameter estimation is a significant hurdle for integrated sensing and communication(ISAC)systems.In the ISAC framework,a commonly used method for parameter estimation is compressive sensing.However,it often struggles with off-grid problems in continuous parameter estimation.In contrast,the atomic norm has been proven effective in overcoming these off-grid issues,making it a more suitable approach for continuous parameter estimation.In this paper,we investigate the application of atomic norm in ISAC and propose an ISAC model based on orthogonal frequency division multiplexing(OFDM)for parameter estimation.We utilize the atomic norm under conditions of incomplete data and demodulation errors.To enhance the convergence speed and accuracy of our algorithm,we implement the alternating direction method of multipliers(ADMM)for iterative processing.We refer to this algorithm as ANMI.Building on this foundation,we develop a deep unfolding network algorithm,ANMIADMM-Net,which further mitigates the impact of missing data and demodulation errors on target parameter estimation by training optimal parameters.Experimental results demonstrate that our proposed ANMI and ANMI-ADMM-Net accurately estimate target parameters even in the presence of missing data and demodulation errors,exhibiting superior precision and robustness compared to traditional methods.展开更多
Aiming at the practical problems of high energy consumption and low energy efficiency during the exploitation of low-permeability oil wells because of insufficient traceability and poor matching performance of product...Aiming at the practical problems of high energy consumption and low energy efficiency during the exploitation of low-permeability oil wells because of insufficient traceability and poor matching performance of production parameters,this paper proposes a multi-objective approach for optimizing production parameters of low-permeability oil well to enhance its energy efficiency.First,a sub-model of daily liquid production yield and a sub-model of unit production energy consumption cost for single low-permeability oil well were established,and the Gaussian mixture model method was employed to compensate for the errors in the sub-model of unit production energy consumption cost,to solve the problem of the influence of uncertain facts during the oil well exploitation and to improve the precision of the model.Second,a multi-objective optimization model was established by taking into account the decision variables and constraints of the model,to maximize the daily liquid production yield while minimizing the unit production energy consumption cost.Subsequently,the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm was employed to solve the multi-objective optimization model and obtain the production parameters.Finally,the solution set with obvious features was taken as the production parameters and applied to the actual production verification of low-permeability oil wells in a certain oil production plant of the ChangQing Oilfield.The results showed an increase in oil well production yield,and a significant energy-saving effect,thereby verifying the effectiveness of the proposed model and optimization algorithm in this paper.展开更多
Owing to the chaotic and non-integrable nature of three-body dynamics,the conventional Keplerian elements are rendered inadequate for cataloging cislunar space objects.Currently,there has been a conspicuous absence of...Owing to the chaotic and non-integrable nature of three-body dynamics,the conventional Keplerian elements are rendered inadequate for cataloging cislunar space objects.Currently,there has been a conspicuous absence of universally recognized parameters for the characterization and cataloging of such objects,thereby posing an urgent challenge to cislunar space situational awareness.This paper proposes a novel approach to parameterize the orbits of Earth-Moon collinear libration points by leveraging the theoretical frameworks of canonical transformations.First,under the Hamiltonian-form dynamical equations of the libration point,symplectic transformations are employed to extract 3 modes of motion from locally linearized part.A subsequent canonical transformation then decouples the hyperbolic invariant manifold from the center manifold within the nonlinear remainder.Finally,6 characteristic parameters obtained via action-angle variables are established in a bijective correspondence with the state variables,where two parameters characterize the motion of the invariant manifold and four parameters characterize the motion of the central manifold.Furthermore,a distribution map of the Earth-Moon libration point orbits is drawn utilizing Poincare sections,which can be used to describe the distribution of libration point object.Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed parameters are not only applicable to orbit identification and object cataloging but also exhibit remarkable consistency and robustness against variations in observation arc length and observational errors.展开更多
The shale gas development in China faces challenges such as complex reservoir conditions and high development costs.Based on the pore pressure and geostress coupling theory,this paper studies the geostress evolution l...The shale gas development in China faces challenges such as complex reservoir conditions and high development costs.Based on the pore pressure and geostress coupling theory,this paper studies the geostress evolution laws and fracture network characteristics of shale gas infill wells.A mechanism model of CN platform logging data and geomechanical parameters is established to simulate the influence of parent well’s production on the geostress in the infill well area.It is suggested that with the increase of production time,normal fault stress state and horizontal stress deflection will occur.The smaller the parent well spacing and the longer the production time,the earlier the normal fault stress state appears and the larger the range.Based on the model,the fracture network morphology and construction parameters of infill wells are optimized.parentparentparentparent The results indicate that:1:A well spacing of 500 m achieves a Pareto optimum between“full reserve coverage”and“stress barrier”;2:A parent well recovery degree of 30%corresponds to the critical point of stress reversal,where the lateral deflection rate of the infill fracture is less than 8%and the SRV loss is minimized;3:6-cluster intensive completion with twice the liquid intensity increases the fracture complexity index by 1.7 times,enhances well group EUR by 15.4%,and reduces single-well cost by 22%.This research fills the theoretical gap in the collaborative optimization of“multi-parameter,multi-objective and multi-constraint”and provide parameter optimization basis for shale gas infill well development in China and help to improve the development efficiency and economic benefits.展开更多
The human ear is one of the most vulnerable organs to blast damage in modern warfare.The accurate prediction of blast wave effects on the ear has become a key challenge in auditory trauma research.A lumped parameter(L...The human ear is one of the most vulnerable organs to blast damage in modern warfare.The accurate prediction of blast wave effects on the ear has become a key challenge in auditory trauma research.A lumped parameter(LP)model,with parameters optimized using a genetic algorithm,is developed to efficiently predict the middle ear's dynamic response to blast waves.The model accurately predicts tympanic membrane(TM)and stapes responses,particularly the first peak.Frequency-domain displacement and sensitivity analyses show that the middle ear responses are concentrated in a low-frequency range,with the blast wave amplitude significantly influencing the while stapes responses are more sensitive at lower frequencies.This method achieves competitive accuracy and high computational efficiency.Based on this model,a risk index based on stapes displacements is proposed to optimize and evaluate hearing protection systems.展开更多
Deep coal mining rock support structures using rock bolts face complex geological conditions such as high ground temperatures and groundwater.Rock mass deformation and failure caused by bolt failure frequently occur,m...Deep coal mining rock support structures using rock bolts face complex geological conditions such as high ground temperatures and groundwater.Rock mass deformation and failure caused by bolt failure frequently occur,making it crucial to enhance the anchoring performance of rock bolts.First,the stress state of the anchor rod under axial loading across five stages of any anchored segment is analyzed.The shear stress patterns at the anchoring interface during different stages are elucidated.A refined mechanical model of the anchoring interface incorporating surface rib parameters is established.A failure criterion for the anchoring interface under the influence of ground temperature or groundwater is derived and validated.Second,the influence of anchor rib parameters on anchoring force is abalyzed,and in-situ shear tests are conducted.Results indicate that increasing the rib angle and optimizing rib spacing can enhance anchoring force.To minimize the shear component of axial force at the anchor interface,the rib angle of the anchor bolt should not be less than 70°.When the anchor grout possesses high inherent strength,the spacing between ribs on the anchor bolt surface may be increased(to 24 mm or greater).Finally,methods for enhancing the anchoring performance of bolts in deep complex strata are proposed,providing technical references for the safe and efficient support of tunnel rock masses in similar geological conditions.展开更多
Laser-assisted drilling combined with full-size polycrystalline diamond compact(PDC)bit is considered a feasible solution to enhance the drilling performance of engineering machinery.In this method,determining the opt...Laser-assisted drilling combined with full-size polycrystalline diamond compact(PDC)bit is considered a feasible solution to enhance the drilling performance of engineering machinery.In this method,determining the optimal collaborative control parameters that support rapid drilling is crucial for improving the combined performance.This study used average drilling speed,average torque,and total specificenergy for quantitative analysis to characterize the efficiencyand economy of combined rock breaking.Given the advantage of the response surface methodology in providing high-precision predictions with limited experimental data,regression models of the average drilling speed,average torque,and total specificenergy were established.The results showed that as the laser power and irradiation time increased,the average drilling speed firstincreased rapidly and then leveled off,while the average torque decreased sharply before decelerating.The total specificenergy initially decreased and then increased,with the combined drilling outperforming conventional mechanical drilling within specific parameter ranges.As the weight on bit increased,both the average torque and total specificenergy first decreased and then increased.With rising rotating speed,the average torque exhibited a trend of initial increase,then decrease,and finalincrease,whereas the total specificenergy increased slowly at firstand then sharply.Both parameters exhibited optimal values at which the average torque and total specific energy remained at minimal levels.For granite combined drilling,the optimal performance was achieved at a laser power of 3000 W,irradiation time of 31 s,the weight on bit of 2.4 kN,and the rotating speed of 97 r/min.展开更多
Rotary gas-gas heat exchangers(GGHs)are pivotal for waste heat recovery in low-and mediumtemperature denitrification systems of cement kilns.This study examines the performance of GGHs within such systems by coupling ...Rotary gas-gas heat exchangers(GGHs)are pivotal for waste heat recovery in low-and mediumtemperature denitrification systems of cement kilns.This study examines the performance of GGHs within such systems by coupling computational fluid dynamics(CFD)with the response surface method(RSM),introducing overall system performance(OSP)as the principal optimization criterion.The investigation systematically elucidates the effects of treated flue gas inlet temperature,inlet velocity,and rotor speed on GGH efficiency.Findings reveal that OSP increases with rotor speed but reaches a plateau beyond 1 rpm;it decreases with higher inlet velocity and increases with higher inlet temperature.Response surface analysis identifies treated flue gas inlet temperature as the most influential parameter,highlighting a synergistic effect between rotor speed and inlet temperature,alongside an antagonistic interaction between inlet temperature and inlet velocity.To ensure safe system operation,engineering constraints were incorporated into the optimization framework using a Box-Behnken design.The optimal operational parameters were determined as a treated flue gas inlet temperature of 250℃,inlet velocity of 8 m/s,and rotor speed of 1 rpm,yielding a maximum OSP of 107.74.The integrated CFD-RSM methodology and constraint-aware optimization strategy presented in this study offer a practical reference for enhancing the operational efficiency of industrial waste heat recovery systems,particularly in cement kiln SCR applications.展开更多
Canard dual-spin projectiles typically adjust the forebody roll angle for trajectory correction by analyzing devia-tions between predicted impact points and target positions.An accurate method for trajectory parameter...Canard dual-spin projectiles typically adjust the forebody roll angle for trajectory correction by analyzing devia-tions between predicted impact points and target positions.An accurate method for trajectory parameter identi-fication and impact point prediction is crucial for this process.This paper introduces nonlinear factors to couple geometric and aerodynamic nonlinear effects at large angles of attack,analyzes angular motion dynamics before and after control initiation,as well as their influence on center-of-mass motion,thereby establishing an improved modified point-mass trajectory equation for such projectiles.Moreover,by mapping the effects of random distur-bances and canard-body interactions to a finite set of primary characteristic parameters and employing periodic averaging to suppress fluctuations caused by rapid period changes of the complex angle of attack after control initiation,a nonlinear trajectory filtering model for both uncontrolled and controlled flights is proposed using the unscented Kalman filter algorithm,with its performance in parameter identification and impact point prediction systematically evaluated.Numerical results indicate that the improved modified point-mass trajectory equation accurately characterizes the nonlinear effects of canard control disturbances on aerodynamics and trajectory compared to traditional methods,closely matching rigid body trajectories for both uncontrolled and controlled flight,while improving computational efficiency by three orders of magnitude to meet real-time requirements.Furthermore,the filtering model effectively predicts uncontrolled trajectories and significantly reduces the influ-ence of canard control initiation and orientation changes on prediction accuracy during controlled flight,thereby providing a theoretical foundation for studying correction strategies and guidance control methods,particularly for multiple control initiations.展开更多
基金Support by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.52275227)Doctoral Research Initiation Fund from Liaoning Institute of Science and Technology of China (Grant No.2407B02)Project of Liaoning Provincial Department of Education of China (Grant No.LJ222511430005)。
摘要The high surface reflectivity of metallic materials and their narrow range of electromagnetic wave absorption(primarily in the visible spectrum) severely limit their practical applications in defense,energy conversion,and communication.Therefore,creating surface structures with anti-reflective properties on metallic materials can effectively reduce surface reflectivity and broaden the frequency bandwidth of electromagnetic wave absorption,a goal highly valued by scholars both domestically and internationally.In this study,we investigated the effect of femtosecond-laser process parameters(pulse frequency,processing power,scanning speed,processing time,and focal length) on the dimensional parameters and surface morphology of groove and circular hole structures using a single-factor approach.By varying the femtosecond-laser process parameters,we produced groove and circular hole specimens with different width/diameter-to-depth ratios.The results indicated that with increases in femtosecond-laser pulse frequency,processing power,scanning speed,and processing time,the width and depth of the grooves and circular holes increased to varying extents.We characterized the anti-reflective properties of the textured surfaces to elucidate the mechanism by which the width/diameter-to-depth ratio of the textured structures affects the anti-reflective properties of metal surfaces.The results show that the transverse dimensions and depths of the groove and hole structures increased linearly with increases in femtosecond-laser processing power and the number of processing cycles.The average reflectance of the structures increased from 15.15% to31.84% when the ratio of structural width(diameter) to depth ranged between 0.43 and 1.The average reflectance of the structures,calculated to be consistent with actual results,ranged from 12.13% to 36.37%.The findings demonstrate that the width/diameter-to-depth ratio of the structure is a crucial index for assessing antireflective performance.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52407238,52177210)the Youth Foundation of Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.ZR2023QE036).
摘要Electrochemical models,characterized by high fidelity and physical interpretability,have been applied in var-ious fields such as fast charging,battery state estimation,and battery material design.Currently,widely utilized single particle-based model exhibits high computational efficiency but suffers from low simulation accuracy under high-rate charge/discharge conditions.In this work,an electrochemical model for lithium-ion batteries based on multi-particle hypothesis is developed.Two particles are employed to represent the electrode char-acteristics of the positive and negative electrodes,respectively.Through theoretical derivation,mathematical equations are established to describe various processes within the battery,including solid-phase diffusion,li-quidphase diffusion,reaction polarization,and ohmic polarization.In addition,a method for obtaining model parameters is proposed.Finally,the model is experimentally validated by using lithium iron phosphate and nickel-cobalt-manganese lithium-ion batteries under constant current conditions.The identified battery elec-trochemical model parameters are within reasonable accuracy as evidenced by the experimental validation results.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U25A20282,U23A20628,52375394,52305429)the Major Project of Science and Technology in Shanxi(Nos.202501050201012,202301050201004)。
摘要The synergistic mechanism of multiple process parameters on the solidification structure of niobium containing austenitic stainless steel during continuous casting is complex,which seriously affects the quality of continuous casting billets and seamless pipes.In order to optimize the quality of continuous casting billet,a finite element model of solidification and heat transfer in continuous casting process was established for the secondary cooling process of continuous casting billet.The control variable method was used to explore the influence of casting speed and superheat on the solidification process.At the same time,an orthogonal scheme was designed to study the coupling effect of multiple process parameters on the heat transfer and solidification state of continuous casting billets,and optimized process parameters were selected.The optimization results of process parameters were verified through production experiments,and it is found that the enrichment of coarse niobium compounds directly causes the initiation and propagation of inner wall cracks during the large deformation hot piercing of S30432 seamless tubes.Process parameter optimization,especially the synergistic effect of the decrease of superheat and increase of specific water flow promotes the grain refinement and expension of equiaxed crystal zone,thereby mitigating the segregation of Nb elements and improving the distribution of niobium compounds.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81500522)the Science and Technology Department of Sichuan Province(No.2020YFS0090 and No.2020YFS0046).
摘要Male infertility poses a substantial healthcare challenge and severely impacts the lives of patients.We aimed to investigate the risk factors for infertility and abnormal semen parameters.We conducted a comprehensive search of the articles published in Web of Science,MEDLINE,and Embase databases from January 2000 to February 2025.Infertility,semen volume,sperm concentration,sperm count,sperm morphology,sperm motility,and sperm progressive motility were used as endpoints to evaluate the relevance of risk factors.A total of 43 studies were included,covering 67 risk factors associated with infertility and abnormal sperm parameters.A total of 249 effect sizes were scored individually using the Grading of Recommendations,Assessment,Development,and Evaluation(GRADE)tool,of which 136(54.6%)were classified as“very low”,59(23.7%)as“low”,and 54(21.7%)as“moderate”.Suffering from type 1 diabetes,metabolic syndrome,hyperthyroidism,systemic lupus erythematosus,chronic prostatitis,and leukocytospermia may increase the risk of abnormal semen parameters.Poor lifestyle habits(obesity,sleep disorders,and smoking),exposure to pollutants and various compounds(carbon disulfide,organophosphates,and lead),the use of medications(sulfasalazine,mesalazine,and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors),and even some viral infections(severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2,human papillomavirus,and hepatitis viruses)were associated with decreased semen quality.Regular physical exercise,nut consumption,and adherence to a healthy dietary pattern may reverse this process.An increasing number of factors are associated with infertility;however,some of the aforementioned studies lack verification of causal relationships.Future studies need to be well designed to further confirm these relationships.
基金supported by the Science Challenge Project(Grant No.TZ2025017)the Quantum Science and Technology-National Science and Technology Major Project(Grant No.2024ZD0301000)+1 种基金the Science Foundation of Zhejiang Sci-Tech University(Grant No.23062088-Y)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.92476118 and 12275062)。
摘要For pure states,the quantum Berry curvature has been well studied.However,the quantum curvature for mixed states has received less attention.From the concept of symmetric logarithmic derivative,we introduce a mixed-state quantum curvature and find that it plays a key role in the field of multi-parameter precision estimations.Through spectral decomposition,we derive the mixed-state Berry curvature for both the full-rank and non-full-rank density matrices.As an example,we obtain the exact expression of the Berry curvature for an arbitrary qubit state.
基金Supported by Science Challenge Project of China (Grant No.TZ2018007)。
摘要Research on the modeling of bolted connection structures primarily centers on the characterization of the connection interface.Accurate equivalent modeling of the connection interface is crucial for the effective modeling of bolted connection structures.This article considers the misalignment between the bolt plane and the beam plane,and establishes a modified joint element representing the bolted connection by using the seriesstiffness method.The contact stiffness in this modified joint element are identified using a genetic algorithm with an “emperor selection” strategy.The bolted connection beam model is achieved by refining the Euler-Bernoulli beam model through the incorporation of a modified joint element.The maximum error between the model calculation results and experimental results for each order of natural frequency is 2.39%.This demonstrates the feasibility of accurately characterizing the bolted connection beam through the utilization of the modified joint element for equivalent modeling.This research proposes a modeling method for bolted connection beams that accounts for the misalignment between the bolt plane and the beam plane,significantly enhancing modeling accuracy.
基金financial support from the National Science and Technology Major Project(No.J2019-Ⅶ-0013-0153)the Innovation Capability Support Program of Shaanxi(No.2022TD-60)。
摘要To address the dimensional accuracy challenges in investment casting of DD6 nickel-based superalloy hollow turbine blades,a multi-parameter collaborative optimization and deformation response prediction method based on response surface methodology was proposed.Using a Box-Behnken design,with pouring temperature,shell temperature,and withdrawal rate as key variables,deformation response data were obtained through numerical simulation,and a second-order model incorporating linear,interaction,and quadratic terms was established to characterize the nonlinear coupling effects of process parameters on dimensional deformation.The results indicate that withdrawal rate is the dominant factor influencing deformation,while shell temperature exhibits a pronounced“U”-shaped nonlinear trend.Significant interactions between process parameters are also observed.The constructed model demonstrates high predictive accuracy,with R2 of 0.978 and an RMSE of 0.0026 mm,and exhibits strong generalization capability,enabling the identification of optimal parameter combinations even beyond the simulated dataset.Compared with conventional orthogonal design methods,the maximum deformation of the optimized process was reduced from 0.2021 mm to 0.1905 mm,achieving an improvement of approximately 5.74%.This work provides a theoretical foundation and practical strategy for dimensional accuracy control and multi-parameter process optimization in the manufacturing of complex thin-walled castings.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12272393 and 52130905).
摘要As binary geological media,soil-rock mixtures(SRMs)exhibit a distinct gradational composition,leading to their unique mechanical behaviors.To appraise the stability of SRM slopes,it is essential to determine equivalent parameters of SRMs,which are typically obtained through experimental and numerical methods.In contrasted to other numerical methods,the numerical manifold method(NMM)is more effective in addressing SRM problems.This is because the high-precision regular mathematical meshes in NMM can be used without aligning with the soil-rock interfaces and boundaries of SRMs.In the current research,the equivalent strength parameters of SRMs,i.e.the equivalent cohesion ce and internal friction angleϕe,are determined using NMM.Initially,an NMM triaxial numerical model is established and validated based on triaxial experiments.Subsequently,the soil and rock parameters are derived through parameter inversion.Moreover,the impacts of rock content,size,shape and rock blocks'major-axis orientation on ce andϕe of SRMs are thoroughly examined using the NMM triaxial numerical model.Additionally,a fitting function is proposed to linkϕe to the rock content and size of SRMs.When other influencing factors are fixed,the above fitting model leads to the following conclusions:(1)the predictedϕe of SRMs increase with the increase of rock content;and(2)SRM samples with smaller rocks display a higher predictedϕe.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52105019,52275488,and 52405563)the Key Research and Development Program of Hubei Prov‐ince,China(No.2022 BAA 064)+1 种基金the Science and Technology Innovation Talent Plan of Hubei Province(No.2025 DJA 014)the Key Research and Development Program of Wuhan,China(No.2025061202030429).
摘要We propose a robust self-triggered switching control scheme for four-wheel-steering autonomous ground vehicles(FAGVs)to enhance tracking precision in the face of significant parameter variations.First,using the polytopic mechanism,the nonlinear dynamics of an FAGV are formulated as a switched linear parameter-varying system to accommodate parametric perturbations.With suitable dwell time,a novel self-triggered switching law is designed using energy density in terms of the tracking accuracy and system robustness;this satisfies the required control criteria while also preventing the Zeno phenomenon caused by traditional high-frequency switching.Through the application of multiple parameter-correlated Lyapunov functions,the resultant closed-loop system is ensured to be asymptotically stable with suitable auto-tuned gains.Finally,the efficacy and superiority of the proposed method are verified through experiments with an FAGV system.
摘要This research examines the optimization of motion strategy and control parameters for an Autonomous Underwater Glider(AUG)navigating between two points.For scenarios with specified initial position,target position,and heading,this study proposes a three-dimensional multimodal path planning methodology based on the 3D-Dubins path,ensuring both task fulfillment and motion feasibility within AUG dynamics constraints.The path planning approach incorporates ocean current interference and utilizes task objectives and control parameters as inputs.It systematically calculates information including horizontal Dubins type,vertical plane motion modes,and turning point depths to generate the path planning solution.The motion control strategy implements initial control parameter values and utilizes depth measurements as evaluation criteria.Through control parameter adjustments,the strategy facilitates tracking of the designated path.This control approach requires minimal feedback information,with computations executable by shore-based facilities,thereby reducing computational and measurement demands on the AUG and enhancing operational reliability.For specified task objectives,multi-objective optimization of control parameters is conducted using the proposed path planning method and motion control strategy,yielding optimized control parameters and corresponding motion control strategies for various operational requirements.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (52274083, 42467023)the Special Program for Industrial Innovation Talents under Yunnan Province "Xingdian Talents Support Plan"
摘要During mine roadway excavation in jointed and fractured rock masses,drilling and blasting remains a widely adopted method.However,the complex interaction between blasting-induced stress waves and pre-existing structural planes often leads to overbreak,loosening of the surrounding rock,and an expanded excavation damage zone,posing significant challenges to roadway stability and construction safety.Most existing studies are limited to single-factor analyses or assume homogeneous rock mass behavior,leaving a critical gap in understanding the coupled effects of joint geometric parameters and blasting parameters on damage evolution.This study addresses this gap by developing a numerical model using LSDYNA to investigate blast damage control in jointed rock masses during roadway excavation.A systematic parametric analysis was conducted to evaluate the influence of joint dip angle(α),joint thickness(h),joint position,and blast-hole spacing(d)on blasting performance.The results show that atα=45°,particle vibration velocity at the monitoring points reaches its maximum,and fragmentation is most pronounced along the blast-hole connection line.Reducing the blast-hole spacing to 60 cm increases the peak effective stress at the joint plane to 72.8 MPa,yielding optimal fragmentation while mitigating excessive rock damage commonly associated with larger spacings.As joint thickness increases from 4 cm to 8 cm,the peak effective stress at the joint plane drops from 94.7 MPa to 70.8 MPa.This decrease of approximately 33.7%indicates that thicker joints substantially enhance stress-wave attenuation and energy dissipation.Moreover,increasing the distance between the joint and the blast hole from 5 cm to 15 cm significantly reduces damage in the rock mass between the source and the joint plane.Field validation demonstrates that the optimized smooth blasting scheme,compared to conventional blasting,improves the half-hole rate from 33.3%to 93.3%,increases the average advance per cycle from 2.43 m to 2.92 m,and reduces the depth of blast-induced damage from approximately 2.4 m to 1.5 m.These findings confirm that the proposed blasting parameters markedly enhance excavation quality and effectively limit blast-induced damage in jointed rock masses.
基金supported in part by Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 62571133 and 62571135Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province under Grant 2025J01459.
摘要In the 6G environment,addressing challenges like missing data,demodulation errors,and offgrid issues during target parameter estimation is a significant hurdle for integrated sensing and communication(ISAC)systems.In the ISAC framework,a commonly used method for parameter estimation is compressive sensing.However,it often struggles with off-grid problems in continuous parameter estimation.In contrast,the atomic norm has been proven effective in overcoming these off-grid issues,making it a more suitable approach for continuous parameter estimation.In this paper,we investigate the application of atomic norm in ISAC and propose an ISAC model based on orthogonal frequency division multiplexing(OFDM)for parameter estimation.We utilize the atomic norm under conditions of incomplete data and demodulation errors.To enhance the convergence speed and accuracy of our algorithm,we implement the alternating direction method of multipliers(ADMM)for iterative processing.We refer to this algorithm as ANMI.Building on this foundation,we develop a deep unfolding network algorithm,ANMIADMM-Net,which further mitigates the impact of missing data and demodulation errors on target parameter estimation by training optimal parameters.Experimental results demonstrate that our proposed ANMI and ANMI-ADMM-Net accurately estimate target parameters even in the presence of missing data and demodulation errors,exhibiting superior precision and robustness compared to traditional methods.
基金the Key Research and Development Project in Shaanxi Province(No.2022GY-134)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61903291)。
摘要Aiming at the practical problems of high energy consumption and low energy efficiency during the exploitation of low-permeability oil wells because of insufficient traceability and poor matching performance of production parameters,this paper proposes a multi-objective approach for optimizing production parameters of low-permeability oil well to enhance its energy efficiency.First,a sub-model of daily liquid production yield and a sub-model of unit production energy consumption cost for single low-permeability oil well were established,and the Gaussian mixture model method was employed to compensate for the errors in the sub-model of unit production energy consumption cost,to solve the problem of the influence of uncertain facts during the oil well exploitation and to improve the precision of the model.Second,a multi-objective optimization model was established by taking into account the decision variables and constraints of the model,to maximize the daily liquid production yield while minimizing the unit production energy consumption cost.Subsequently,the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm was employed to solve the multi-objective optimization model and obtain the production parameters.Finally,the solution set with obvious features was taken as the production parameters and applied to the actual production verification of low-permeability oil wells in a certain oil production plant of the ChangQing Oilfield.The results showed an increase in oil well production yield,and a significant energy-saving effect,thereby verifying the effectiveness of the proposed model and optimization algorithm in this paper.
基金supported by the National Level Project of China(No.KJSP2023020104)。
摘要Owing to the chaotic and non-integrable nature of three-body dynamics,the conventional Keplerian elements are rendered inadequate for cataloging cislunar space objects.Currently,there has been a conspicuous absence of universally recognized parameters for the characterization and cataloging of such objects,thereby posing an urgent challenge to cislunar space situational awareness.This paper proposes a novel approach to parameterize the orbits of Earth-Moon collinear libration points by leveraging the theoretical frameworks of canonical transformations.First,under the Hamiltonian-form dynamical equations of the libration point,symplectic transformations are employed to extract 3 modes of motion from locally linearized part.A subsequent canonical transformation then decouples the hyperbolic invariant manifold from the center manifold within the nonlinear remainder.Finally,6 characteristic parameters obtained via action-angle variables are established in a bijective correspondence with the state variables,where two parameters characterize the motion of the invariant manifold and four parameters characterize the motion of the central manifold.Furthermore,a distribution map of the Earth-Moon libration point orbits is drawn utilizing Poincare sections,which can be used to describe the distribution of libration point object.Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed parameters are not only applicable to orbit identification and object cataloging but also exhibit remarkable consistency and robustness against variations in observation arc length and observational errors.
摘要The shale gas development in China faces challenges such as complex reservoir conditions and high development costs.Based on the pore pressure and geostress coupling theory,this paper studies the geostress evolution laws and fracture network characteristics of shale gas infill wells.A mechanism model of CN platform logging data and geomechanical parameters is established to simulate the influence of parent well’s production on the geostress in the infill well area.It is suggested that with the increase of production time,normal fault stress state and horizontal stress deflection will occur.The smaller the parent well spacing and the longer the production time,the earlier the normal fault stress state appears and the larger the range.Based on the model,the fracture network morphology and construction parameters of infill wells are optimized.parentparentparentparent The results indicate that:1:A well spacing of 500 m achieves a Pareto optimum between“full reserve coverage”and“stress barrier”;2:A parent well recovery degree of 30%corresponds to the critical point of stress reversal,where the lateral deflection rate of the infill fracture is less than 8%and the SRV loss is minimized;3:6-cluster intensive completion with twice the liquid intensity increases the fracture complexity index by 1.7 times,enhances well group EUR by 15.4%,and reduces single-well cost by 22%.This research fills the theoretical gap in the collaborative optimization of“multi-parameter,multi-objective and multi-constraint”and provide parameter optimization basis for shale gas infill well development in China and help to improve the development efficiency and economic benefits.
摘要The human ear is one of the most vulnerable organs to blast damage in modern warfare.The accurate prediction of blast wave effects on the ear has become a key challenge in auditory trauma research.A lumped parameter(LP)model,with parameters optimized using a genetic algorithm,is developed to efficiently predict the middle ear's dynamic response to blast waves.The model accurately predicts tympanic membrane(TM)and stapes responses,particularly the first peak.Frequency-domain displacement and sensitivity analyses show that the middle ear responses are concentrated in a low-frequency range,with the blast wave amplitude significantly influencing the while stapes responses are more sensitive at lower frequencies.This method achieves competitive accuracy and high computational efficiency.Based on this model,a risk index based on stapes displacements is proposed to optimize and evaluate hearing protection systems.
基金The Natural Science Research Project of Anhui Educational Committee(No.2022AH050814)Open Fund of State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment(East China Universityof Technology)(No.2022NRE07)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51964002,52174104)Open Fund of Engineering Research Center of Underground Mine Construction of Ministry of Education(No.JYBGCZX2022105).
摘要Deep coal mining rock support structures using rock bolts face complex geological conditions such as high ground temperatures and groundwater.Rock mass deformation and failure caused by bolt failure frequently occur,making it crucial to enhance the anchoring performance of rock bolts.First,the stress state of the anchor rod under axial loading across five stages of any anchored segment is analyzed.The shear stress patterns at the anchoring interface during different stages are elucidated.A refined mechanical model of the anchoring interface incorporating surface rib parameters is established.A failure criterion for the anchoring interface under the influence of ground temperature or groundwater is derived and validated.Second,the influence of anchor rib parameters on anchoring force is abalyzed,and in-situ shear tests are conducted.Results indicate that increasing the rib angle and optimizing rib spacing can enhance anchoring force.To minimize the shear component of axial force at the anchor interface,the rib angle of the anchor bolt should not be less than 70°.When the anchor grout possesses high inherent strength,the spacing between ribs on the anchor bolt surface may be increased(to 24 mm or greater).Finally,methods for enhancing the anchoring performance of bolts in deep complex strata are proposed,providing technical references for the safe and efficient support of tunnel rock masses in similar geological conditions.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grand No.52325904)National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2023YFB2390200)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52309134).
摘要Laser-assisted drilling combined with full-size polycrystalline diamond compact(PDC)bit is considered a feasible solution to enhance the drilling performance of engineering machinery.In this method,determining the optimal collaborative control parameters that support rapid drilling is crucial for improving the combined performance.This study used average drilling speed,average torque,and total specificenergy for quantitative analysis to characterize the efficiencyand economy of combined rock breaking.Given the advantage of the response surface methodology in providing high-precision predictions with limited experimental data,regression models of the average drilling speed,average torque,and total specificenergy were established.The results showed that as the laser power and irradiation time increased,the average drilling speed firstincreased rapidly and then leveled off,while the average torque decreased sharply before decelerating.The total specificenergy initially decreased and then increased,with the combined drilling outperforming conventional mechanical drilling within specific parameter ranges.As the weight on bit increased,both the average torque and total specificenergy first decreased and then increased.With rising rotating speed,the average torque exhibited a trend of initial increase,then decrease,and finalincrease,whereas the total specificenergy increased slowly at firstand then sharply.Both parameters exhibited optimal values at which the average torque and total specific energy remained at minimal levels.For granite combined drilling,the optimal performance was achieved at a laser power of 3000 W,irradiation time of 31 s,the weight on bit of 2.4 kN,and the rotating speed of 97 r/min.
摘要Rotary gas-gas heat exchangers(GGHs)are pivotal for waste heat recovery in low-and mediumtemperature denitrification systems of cement kilns.This study examines the performance of GGHs within such systems by coupling computational fluid dynamics(CFD)with the response surface method(RSM),introducing overall system performance(OSP)as the principal optimization criterion.The investigation systematically elucidates the effects of treated flue gas inlet temperature,inlet velocity,and rotor speed on GGH efficiency.Findings reveal that OSP increases with rotor speed but reaches a plateau beyond 1 rpm;it decreases with higher inlet velocity and increases with higher inlet temperature.Response surface analysis identifies treated flue gas inlet temperature as the most influential parameter,highlighting a synergistic effect between rotor speed and inlet temperature,alongside an antagonistic interaction between inlet temperature and inlet velocity.To ensure safe system operation,engineering constraints were incorporated into the optimization framework using a Box-Behnken design.The optimal operational parameters were determined as a treated flue gas inlet temperature of 250℃,inlet velocity of 8 m/s,and rotor speed of 1 rpm,yielding a maximum OSP of 107.74.The integrated CFD-RSM methodology and constraint-aware optimization strategy presented in this study offer a practical reference for enhancing the operational efficiency of industrial waste heat recovery systems,particularly in cement kiln SCR applications.
摘要Canard dual-spin projectiles typically adjust the forebody roll angle for trajectory correction by analyzing devia-tions between predicted impact points and target positions.An accurate method for trajectory parameter identi-fication and impact point prediction is crucial for this process.This paper introduces nonlinear factors to couple geometric and aerodynamic nonlinear effects at large angles of attack,analyzes angular motion dynamics before and after control initiation,as well as their influence on center-of-mass motion,thereby establishing an improved modified point-mass trajectory equation for such projectiles.Moreover,by mapping the effects of random distur-bances and canard-body interactions to a finite set of primary characteristic parameters and employing periodic averaging to suppress fluctuations caused by rapid period changes of the complex angle of attack after control initiation,a nonlinear trajectory filtering model for both uncontrolled and controlled flights is proposed using the unscented Kalman filter algorithm,with its performance in parameter identification and impact point prediction systematically evaluated.Numerical results indicate that the improved modified point-mass trajectory equation accurately characterizes the nonlinear effects of canard control disturbances on aerodynamics and trajectory compared to traditional methods,closely matching rigid body trajectories for both uncontrolled and controlled flight,while improving computational efficiency by three orders of magnitude to meet real-time requirements.Furthermore,the filtering model effectively predicts uncontrolled trajectories and significantly reduces the influ-ence of canard control initiation and orientation changes on prediction accuracy during controlled flight,thereby providing a theoretical foundation for studying correction strategies and guidance control methods,particularly for multiple control initiations.