Introduction:Monkeypox virus(MPXV),an emerging zoonotic pathogen,comprises two main clades with distinct epidemiological and clinical characteristics.This study reports the epidemiological investigation and genomic ch...Introduction:Monkeypox virus(MPXV),an emerging zoonotic pathogen,comprises two main clades with distinct epidemiological and clinical characteristics.This study reports the epidemiological investigation and genomic characterization of imported MPXV cladeⅠa cases detected in China during 2025.Methods:During March and April 2025,two travelers arriving at Shanghai Pudong International Airport from the Democratic Republic of the Congo(DRC)underwent screening for MPXV infection.Clinical specimens were analyzed using real-time polymerase chain reaction(PCR),clade-specific PCR,and whole-genome sequencing to characterize the viral genomes.Results:Both cases tested positive for MPXV infection.Clade-specific PCR and whole-genome sequencing confirmed infection with MPXV cladeⅠa.The first case yielded partial viral genome data(approximately 7.2 kb;3.64%genome coverage),whereas the second case produced near-complete genome sequences(196.7 kb;>99%coverage)through combined second-and third-generation sequencing platforms.Phylogenetic analysis revealed that these sequences clustered closely with cladeⅠa strains currently circulating in the DRC.Conclusions:These findings demonstrate the effectiveness of port-based infectious disease surveillance and multi-agency joint prevention and control mechanisms in identifying and managing imported MPXV cases.Enhanced surveillance capacity,rapid laboratory confirmation,and robust multiagency collaboration are essential for preventing crossborder transmission of emerging infectious diseases.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(grant number 2024YFC2310205)the General Administration of Customs Project(grant numbers 2024HK299 and 2025HK106).
摘要Introduction:Monkeypox virus(MPXV),an emerging zoonotic pathogen,comprises two main clades with distinct epidemiological and clinical characteristics.This study reports the epidemiological investigation and genomic characterization of imported MPXV cladeⅠa cases detected in China during 2025.Methods:During March and April 2025,two travelers arriving at Shanghai Pudong International Airport from the Democratic Republic of the Congo(DRC)underwent screening for MPXV infection.Clinical specimens were analyzed using real-time polymerase chain reaction(PCR),clade-specific PCR,and whole-genome sequencing to characterize the viral genomes.Results:Both cases tested positive for MPXV infection.Clade-specific PCR and whole-genome sequencing confirmed infection with MPXV cladeⅠa.The first case yielded partial viral genome data(approximately 7.2 kb;3.64%genome coverage),whereas the second case produced near-complete genome sequences(196.7 kb;>99%coverage)through combined second-and third-generation sequencing platforms.Phylogenetic analysis revealed that these sequences clustered closely with cladeⅠa strains currently circulating in the DRC.Conclusions:These findings demonstrate the effectiveness of port-based infectious disease surveillance and multi-agency joint prevention and control mechanisms in identifying and managing imported MPXV cases.Enhanced surveillance capacity,rapid laboratory confirmation,and robust multiagency collaboration are essential for preventing crossborder transmission of emerging infectious diseases.