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Oblique-incidence reflectivity difference technology identifies the antiviral drug Ribavirin as an inhibitor of lung tumor progression by targeting AMPK signaling 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 Jiani Gao Yiwen Zhang +2 位作者 Yicheng Wang Dong Xie Yijiu Ren 《Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2026年第2期530-543,共14页
Lung cancer takes the lead in terms of global cancer incidence and mortality rates.5′-adenosine monophosphate(AMP)-activated protein kinase(AMPK)serves as a universally conserved energy sensor throughout evolution ch... Lung cancer takes the lead in terms of global cancer incidence and mortality rates.5′-adenosine monophosphate(AMP)-activated protein kinase(AMPK)serves as a universally conserved energy sensor throughout evolution checkpoint that orchestrates energy balance and metabolic homeostasis.However,AMPK activation has a complex,dual function in both the onset and advancement of lung cancer.Despite its protumorigenic effects,targeting AMPK with inhibitors to suppress cancer progression remains a critical area of research.An innovative high-content screening platform integrating small-molecule microarrays(SMMs)with oblique-incidence reflectivity difference(OI-RD)optical detection was established for AMPK inhibitor discovery.Alterations in the interfacial refractive index revealed that Ribavirin,an antiviral drug,has a high affinity for AMPK.Ribavirin binds directly to AMPK,suppressing its activation in mouse and human cells.By inhibiting AMPK phosphorylation,Ribavirin affects the downstream phosphorylation of mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1(mTORC1)and eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E(eIF4E)-binding protein 1(4EBP1),thereby regulating tumor cell proliferation and apoptosis.These results identify Ribavirin as a new AMPK inhibitor with potential utility in lung cancer therapy. 展开更多
关键词 Oblique-incidence reflectivity difference (OI-RD)technology Small-molecule microarrays(SMMs) Lung cancer AMP-activated protein kinase(AMPK) Ribavirin
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Optimization control of transverse thickness difference of silicon steel based on interpretable machine learning 认领 引用
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作者 Hao-Tang Qie An-Rui He +7 位作者 Mei-Tao Jiang Ting-Song Yang Chao Liu Jing-Dong Li Zi-Ming Gao Yong Wang Qing-Xiao Feng Hua-Long Li 《Journal of Iron and Steel Research International》 SCIE EI CSCD 2026年第6期325-349,共25页
Transverse thickness difference is a key indicator for evaluating the quality of cold-rolled silicon steel products,jointly determined by hot-rolled silicon steel data and cold rolling process parameters.However,there... Transverse thickness difference is a key indicator for evaluating the quality of cold-rolled silicon steel products,jointly determined by hot-rolled silicon steel data and cold rolling process parameters.However,there are“process barriers”and“data islands”between different production lines,resulting in low accuracy and poor interpretability.In addition,the transverse thickness difference mainly relies on manual sampling measurement.The lag and uncertainty of the measurement results lead to a lack of effective online control methods.To overcome this,a cold-rolled silicon steel transverse thickness difference control framework based on interpretable machine learning is proposed.First,a hot-cold rolling cross-process data platform is established to match and integrate multivariate data from different production lines,providing a data foundation.Then,an RUN-HLSSVM-AdaBoost model prediction model combining Runge-Kutta algorithm optimized hybrid kernel least squares support vector machine and AdaBoost ensemble modeling method is established.Afterward,the adaptive bandwidth kernel density estimation improved by local weighting strategy is used to construct a prediction interval,which characterizes the uncertainty of the prediction results.SHAPley Additive exPlanations interpretable method is used to break the“black box”limitation and reveal the influence of hot and cold rolling parameters on the transverse thickness difference,and finally,an online control strategy is proposed.Industrial experiments have verified the effectiveness of the above framework,and the transverse thickness difference has been significantly improved,which provides a new paradigm for solving the problem of online control of transverse thickness difference of cold-rolled silicon steel. 展开更多
关键词 Silicon steel Transverse thickness difference Interpretable machine learning Point-interval prediction Online control
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On Petrenko's Deviations and Complex Difference Equations 认领 引用
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作者 Lipeng XIAO Chunfang CHEN 《Journal of Mathematical Research with Applications》 CSCD 2026年第2期209-221,共13页
In this paper,the growth characteristic of meromorphic solutions for the following difference equation An(z)f(z+n)+…+A1(z)f(z+1)+A0(z)f(z)=0 with no dominating coefficient is studied.By imposing certain restriction o... In this paper,the growth characteristic of meromorphic solutions for the following difference equation An(z)f(z+n)+…+A1(z)f(z+1)+A0(z)f(z)=0 with no dominating coefficient is studied.By imposing certain restriction on the entire coefficients associated with Petrenko's deviation of the above equation,we obtain some results and partially address a question posed byⅠ.Laine and C.C.Yang.Furthermore,for the entire solutions f(z)of the difference equation An(z)f(z+n)+…+A1(z)f(z+1)+A0(z)f(z)=F(z),where Aj(z)(j=0,…,n),F(z)are entire functions,we discover a close relationship between the measure of common transcendental directions associated with classical difference operators of f(z)and Petrenko's deviations of the coefficients. 展开更多
关键词 complex difference equation difference operator Petrenko’s deviation transcenden-tal direction
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Ignoring population differences in minimum mortality temperature substantially underestimates heat exposure and risk 认领 引用
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作者 Jie Cao Weiqi Zhou Zheng Cao 《Ecological Frontiers》 CSCD 2026年第1期135-144,共10页
Urban populations are increasingly exposed to extreme heat due to climate change and rapid urbanization,heightening health risks in cities worldwide.Accurate heat exposure assessment is essential for public health pla... Urban populations are increasingly exposed to extreme heat due to climate change and rapid urbanization,heightening health risks in cities worldwide.Accurate heat exposure assessment is essential for public health planning and risk reduction.Most existing approaches rely on a single threshold temperature(e.g.,35℃of daily max temperature),applied uniformly to the entire population.However,this one-size-fits-all assumption overlooks substantial differences in heat sensitivity across population subgroups.In this study,we address this limitation by quantifying subgroup-specific temperature-mortality relationships and using corresponding minimum mortality temperatures(MMTs)to assess heat exposure.Results show that the population-wide MMT was 27.5℃,but it varied greatly across population subgroups.The elderly population(≥65)had an MMT of 24.6℃,much lower than the 28.6℃observed in younger individuals(<65).Females also exhibited a lower MMT that males(25℃versus 28.2℃).However,educational attainment did not significantly affect MMT.Using a uniform MMT resulted in substantial underestimation of heat exposure,ranging from 25.3%in 1990 to 13.9%in 2020,reflecting demographic shifts over time.Spatially,nearly half of the city experienced underestimated heat risk,especially in central and northeastern regions where heat-vulnerable populations are concentrated.These findings underscore the need for more nuanced heat exposure assessments that account for demographic and spatial variability,paving the way for targeted public health interventions to protect the most vulnerable urban populations. 展开更多
关键词 Heat exposure Heat risk Population difference Minimum mortality temperature Mortality burden
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Sex-specific differences in the efficacy and prognosis of 5-aminosalicylic acid therapy for ulcerative colitis:A 20-year retrospective cohort study 认领 引用
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作者 Zhao-Shi Liu Hao Tang +4 位作者 Hui-Min Zhang Xiao-Yin Bai Hong Yang Xiao-Feng Li Jia-Ming Qian 《World Journal of Gastroenterology》 SCIE CAS 2026年第22期17-26,共10页
BACKGROUND Despite 5-aminosalicylic acid(5-ASA)being the first-line therapy for ulcerative colitis(UC),there is limited real-world evidence concerning sex-specific differences in the efficacy of 5-ASA therapy and pati... BACKGROUND Despite 5-aminosalicylic acid(5-ASA)being the first-line therapy for ulcerative colitis(UC),there is limited real-world evidence concerning sex-specific differences in the efficacy of 5-ASA therapy and patient prognosis.AIM To investigate sex-disparities in 5-ASA treatment responses and long-term outcomes in a Chinese large-scale UC cohort.METHODS A retrospective study was conducted on 554 consecutive UC patients treated with 5-ASA at Peking Union Medical College Hospital between January 2003 and June 2023.The rates of endoscopic mucosal healing(EMH)and colectomy were compared between the female and male cohorts,and 1:1 propensity score matching(PSM)was performed for demographics,comorbid conditions and drugs,disease conditions,laboratory parameters,and UC medication use.Cox regression analysis and Kaplan-Meier curves were constructed for survival analyses.RESULTS There were 243 patients in the female cohort(mean age,34.8±11.3 years;21.4%with ulcerative proctitis)and 311 patients in the male cohort(mean age,36.2±13.5 years;22.8%with ulcerative proctitis).After PSM,there was a higher risk of UC flare-up in the male vs female cohort[adjusted odds ratio=2.78,95%confidence interval(CI):1.69-4.55,P<0.001].Male sex was an independent protective factor against EMH[adjusted hazard ratio(aHR)=0.89,95%CI:0.87-0.91,P=0.03]and a risk factor for colectomy(aHR=1.93,95%CI:1.13-3.29,P=0.02).Male patients had longer EMH-free survival(aHR=0.63,95%CI:0.39-1.00,P=0.048)and shorter colectomy-free survival(aHR=1.80,95%CI:1.06-3.05,P=0.027).CONCLUSION Pronounced sex-specific differences exist in 5-ASA therapy efficacy and patient prognosis.Male sex is associated with more frequent relapses,a lower likelihood of EMH,and a higher risk of colectomy. 展开更多
关键词 Ulcerative colitis Inflammatory bowel disease 5-aminosalicylic acid Sex-specific differences Efficacy Prognosis Endoscopic mucosal healing Colectomy Surgery
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Variation of Land-sea Temperature Difference and Its Relationship with Extreme Precipitation in Eastern China 认领 引用
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作者 DONG Lijie WANG Xiaoli +2 位作者 TITCHENKO Yuriy HOU Xiyong GUI Feng 《Chinese Geographical Science》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2026年第3期414-429,共16页
The land-sea temperature difference(LSTD)serves as a pivotal indicator of thermal contrast in the land-sea interface.Variations in this difference drive an acceleration of the water cycle,increase atmospheric moisture... The land-sea temperature difference(LSTD)serves as a pivotal indicator of thermal contrast in the land-sea interface.Variations in this difference drive an acceleration of the water cycle,increase atmospheric moisture retention,and potentially trigger extreme precipitation events,thereby exerting a profound influence on both regional and global climatic patterns.In this study,Moderateresolution Imaging Spectroradiometer(MODIS)remote sensing data and meteorological station observations spanning from 2001 to 2021 are employed to investigate the spatiotemporal characteristics of LSTD and extreme precipitation,as well as the relationships between them in eastern China and its three buffer zones of 100 km,200 km and 300 km from the coastline to the land and sea.Results indicate that the LSTD was generally negative in eastern China,with the difference becoming smaller in the buffer zone as it approached the coastline.The variation in LSTD displayed a prevalent downward trend,and the most substantial decline was observed within the 100 km buffer zone.Spatially,the LSTD demonstrated a distinct upward trend north of 26°N,contrasting with a downward trend observed south of this latitudinal boundary.In eastern China,both the very wet day precipitation(R95p)and the number of extremely heavy precipitation days(R25)exhibited a non-significant upward trend,with the most pronounced increase occurring in the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration.Consecutive dry days(CDD)primarily showed a non-significant decreasing trend,while consecutive wet days(CWD)were characterized as a considerable upward trend only in the coastal area of the northern East China Sea.LSTD commonly correlated positively with R95p and R25 in eastern China,and the regions with significant positive correlation were mainly located in the northern Bohai Sea area and south of 30°N.Moreover,LSTD generally exhibited a negative correlation with CDD and a positive correlation with CWD,but neither correlation was significant in eastern China.These findings offer new insights into the characteristics of land-sea warming disparities and their impacts on precipitation extremes in eastern China,providing crucial references for mitigating and adapting to climate change in this transitional zone between land and sea. 展开更多
关键词 land surface temperature(LST) sea surface temperature(SST) land-sea temperature difference(LSTD) extreme precipitation eastern China
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Numerical study on phase difference-driven mechanical behaviors of gravel–structure interface under three-dimensional circular cyclic shear 认领 引用
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作者 Zhenhai WANG Yuke WANG 《ENGINEERING Structure and Civil Engineering》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2026年第2期420-439,共20页
Soil-structural interfaces,such as those between foundations,tunnels,retaining walls,and slopes,serve as critical zones for stress and deformation transfer in geotechnical systems.Although extensive research exists on... Soil-structural interfaces,such as those between foundations,tunnels,retaining walls,and slopes,serve as critical zones for stress and deformation transfer in geotechnical systems.Although extensive research exists on two-dimensional interface mechanics,the zonal characteristics,non-coaxial behavior,and reversible volumetric deformation mechanisms under three-dimensional(3D)loading remain poorly understood.To address this gap,a series of discrete element method(DEM)simulations focused on the phase-dependent response of shear stress,normal displacement,and microstructural interactions were conducted in this study.The influence of the tangential displacement phase difference Dpon the 3D cyclic shear behavior of gravel-structure interfaces under circular shear paths was investigated based on DEM.The controlling role of shear path geometry in governing non-coaxial behavior and reversible volumetric deformation is explicitly revealed.Specifically,it is demonstrated that stable,hysteretic stress-displacement loops with minimal volumetric hysteresis are promoted by circular shear paths(Dp=π/2,3π/2),whereas abrupt stress reversals and amplified dilatancy-recompression cycles are induced by bidirectional linear paths(Dp=π,2π).Furthermore,periodic oscillations of non-coaxial angles(α3)are observed,transitioning from 90°under pure rotation to peak fluctuations exceeding 30°under phase-shifted shear.These mechanistic understandings are highlighted as being crucial for the advancement of 3D interface constitutive models. 展开更多
关键词 gravel-structure interface cyclic shear non-coaxial behavior reversible volumetric deformation phase difference microscopic responses
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Governance efficiency of rural human settlement environment in the Yangtze River Economic Belt in China:Regional differences,dynamic evolution,and influencing factors 认领 引用
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作者 Wenwen Qiu Ya Zhang 《Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment》 CSCD 2026年第2期268-277,共10页
Based on an index system established from the dimensions of ecology,life,and production,this study measures the governance efficiency of rural human settlements in the Yangtze River Economic Belt(YREB)using the super-... Based on an index system established from the dimensions of ecology,life,and production,this study measures the governance efficiency of rural human settlements in the Yangtze River Economic Belt(YREB)using the super-efficient slack-based measure model.The Gini coefficient,Markov chain,and Tobit regression model are employed to analyze the YREB’s regional disparities,dynamic trends,and influencing factors,providing a theoretical basis for promoting rural revitalization and regional coordination development.The results show that:(1)The overall governance efficiency exhibits a fluctuating uptrend,with a spatial pattern of“downstream>midstream>upstream”.(2)Moreover,regional differences of efficiency show a fluctuating downtrend,with inter-regional disparities as the primary sources.(3)The Markov chain indicates strong convergence in low-efficiency regions and low stability in high-efficiency regions.(4)Finally,governance efficiency can be significantly influenced by financial support,informatization,economic development,and education level.These results demonstrated the need for differentiated policies to narrow regional gaps and enhance synergistic,sustainable improvement in rural human settlements. 展开更多
关键词 Rural human settlement environment Governance efficiency Regional differences Yangtze River Economic Belt China
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High-Frequency Vulnerability and Sex Differences in Age-Related Hearing Loss:A Cross-Sectional Audiometric Analysis of Older Chinese Otolaryngology Outpatients 认领 引用
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作者 Hongyi Hu Xin Huang +2 位作者 Fei Ji Jiatao Zhong Lingchao Ji 《Journal of Otology》 CSCD 2026年第3期191-196,共6页
Objective:To determine the prevalence,severity,and audiometric characteristics of age-related hearing loss(ARHL)in older Chinese adults attending a tertiary otolaryngology clinic,with emphasis on age-and sex-specific ... Objective:To determine the prevalence,severity,and audiometric characteristics of age-related hearing loss(ARHL)in older Chinese adults attending a tertiary otolaryngology clinic,with emphasis on age-and sex-specific patterns based on the updated World Health Organization(WHO 2020)cri-teria.Methods:In this cross-sectional study,1,000 adults aged≥60 years underwent otologic examination,tympanometry,and pure-tone audiometry at a tertiary medical center between March 2022 and January 2023.Individuals with abnormal tympanograms or evidence of middle ear disease were excluded.Pure-tone averages(0.5,1,2,and 4 kHz)from the better ear were used to define and grade ARHL.Age-and sex-related differences in hearing thresholds were assessed using chi-square tests,t-tests,and two-way ANOVA.Results:Within this tertiary-care outpatient cohort,the prevalence of hearing loss according to WHO 2020 criteria was 84.1%,rising from 78.3%in the 60s to 100%in those aged over 90 years.Hearing thresholds showed a consistent high-frequency-sloping configuration,with high-frequency(8,000 Hz)thresholds declining at nearly double the rate of low-to-mid frequencies(11.7 dB vs.4.5-6.3 dB per decade).The steepest decadal deterioration occurred between the 70s and 80s,characterized by a transition from high-frequency sensory loss to generalized cochlear decline.A sex-dependent"crossover"was observed:females exhibited superior hearing in their 60s and 70s but experienced more rapid deterioration in late life,resulting in comparable or poorer thresholds than males by their 80s and 90s.Conclusion:In this tertiary-care outpatient cohort of older Chinese adults,ARHL demonstrated distinct age-and sex-specific trajectories,including disproportionate high-frequency vulnerability and a late-life sex crossover effect.Adoption of WHO 2020 criteria substantially increased hearing-loss identification,particularly among adults in their 60s and 70s. 展开更多
关键词 age-related hearing loss pure-tone audiometry hearing thresholds sex differences
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Slope grade difference of cropland spatial pattern in China 认领 引用
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作者 ZHU Panping PENG Qiuzhi +4 位作者 XING Shuang YANG Guanhui XU Jin QIN Zijun JIN Changlei 《Journal of Mountain Science》 SCIE CSCD 2026年第2期798-812,共15页
China's requisition-compensation balance strategy has dramatically reshaped cropland spatial patterns,drawing multidisciplinary research attention.However,existing studies predominantly emphasize horizontal distri... China's requisition-compensation balance strategy has dramatically reshaped cropland spatial patterns,drawing multidisciplinary research attention.However,existing studies predominantly emphasize horizontal distribution,overlooking the significant influence of slope gradient on cropland spatial patterns.This paper proposes a slope location quotient(SLQ)index that reflects the relative advantage of cropland distribution and explores the slope grade difference of cropland spatial patterns in China at the county scale.The analysis adopts 30-m resolution digital elevation model with land cover data,taking 2672 counties with cropland ratio>1%as study units.The temporal scope covers 1990 and 2020,with slope gradients categorized into five grades:0°~2°,2°~6°,6°~15°,15°~25°,and 25°~90°.Results show that:1)The inverse correlation between cropland area and slope gradient remained stable throughout the study period,with the variation in cropland area frequency across slope grades being less than 1%.2)The spatial patterns of SLQ in 1990 and 2020 both transited stepwise with slope gradient,while≤2°and>6°slopes exhibited opposing patterns.3)The mean absolute variation of SLQ during 1990-2020 increased with slope gradient(R2=0.926,p15°,the mean absolute variation reached 0.26(for 15°~25°)and 0.43(for 25°~90°),respectively,and displayed a distinct southward-increasing and northwarddecreasing pattern.This study offers novel slopegradient perspectives for analyzing cropland spatial patterns.To enhance cropland protection benefits,reversing the steep cropland SLQ surge in southern China is recommended. 展开更多
关键词 Cropland spatial pattern Slope grade difference Slope location quotient(SLQ) China
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A novel overset grid strategy and high-order inter-grid boundaries treatment with the cell-centered finite difference method 认领 引用
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作者 Xuejun DING Fei LIAO +1 位作者 Yao JIN Jinsheng CAI 《Chinese Journal of Aeronautics》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2026年第3期256-281,共26页
This paper presents an efficient and automated Overset Grid Assembly(OGA)method for the structured grid,and investigates high-order interpolation methods for inter-grid boundaries with the cell-centered finite differe... This paper presents an efficient and automated Overset Grid Assembly(OGA)method for the structured grid,and investigates high-order interpolation methods for inter-grid boundaries with the cell-centered finite difference method.Four enhancements are introduced:a hybrid holecutting approach integrates the efficiency of approximate hole-cutting and the accuracy and robustness of direct-cutting,effectively addressing challenges such as small gaps and thin cuts;an improved implicit hole boundary optimization method,incorporating quality comparison,can significantly reduce donor search workloads;an improved implicit interpolation cell cancellation algorithm minimizes overlap regions,particularly beneficial for high-order interpolation with large stencils;an algorithm for identifying and eliminating islands without using wall distances,effectively removes islands.The OGA results of a multi-element airfoil,a circular array of cylinders,multiple spheres,and a wing-pylon-store configuration indicate that the proposed method would be a suitable selection for multi-body problems,even in the presence of small gaps and thin geometries.Additionally,for high-order interpolation at inter-grid boundaries,this study presents an optimized interpolation method designed to minimize spectral property errors.Numerical results indicate that for periodic problems frequently crossing inter-grid boundaries,the optimized interpolation is more accurate than classical Lagrange interpolation and would be a suitable selection. 展开更多
关键词 Cell-centered finite difference method High-order Optimized interpolation Overset grid method
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Mechanisms of mirror energy difference for states exhibiting Thomas-Ehrman shift:Gamow shell model case studies of 18Ne∕18O and19Na∕19O 认领 引用
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作者 Kun-Hao Li Pei-Yan Wang +4 位作者 Jian-Guo Li Nicolas Michel Meng-Ran Xie Chun-Wang Ma Wei Zuo 《Nuclear Science and Techniques》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2026年第6期133-141,共9页
The mirror energy difference(MED)of the mirror state,particularly for states exhibiting the Thomas-Ehrman shift,serves as a sensitive probe of mirror symmetry breaking.We employ the Gamow shell model,which includes th... The mirror energy difference(MED)of the mirror state,particularly for states exhibiting the Thomas-Ehrman shift,serves as a sensitive probe of mirror symmetry breaking.We employ the Gamow shell model,which includes the inter-nucleon correlation and continuum coupling,to investigate the MED for sd-shell nuclei by taking18Ne∕18O and19Na∕19O as examples.Our GSM provides good descriptions of the excitation energies and MEDs for the18Ne∕18O and19Na∕19O.Furthermore,our calculations also reveal that the large MED of the mirror states is caused by the significant occupation of the weakly bound or unbound s1∕2waves,giving the radial density distribution of the state in the proton-rich nucleus greater extension than that of mirror states in deeply bound neutron-rich nuclei.In addition,our GSM calculation shows that the contribution of the Coulomb interaction is different for the low-lying states in proton-rich nuclei,which significantly contributes to the MEDs of mirror states,as is well recognized.Finally,our GSM calculation indicates that the contributions of the nucleon-nucleon interaction are different for the mirror state,especially for the state of proton-rich nuclei bearing the Thomas-Ehrman shift,which also contributes to the significant mirror symmetry breaking with a large MED. 展开更多
关键词 Mirror symmetry breaking Thomas-Ehrman shift Mirror energy difference Continuum coupling Gamow shell model
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Sex differences in retinal neurovascular changes in type 1 diabetes without retinopathy 认领 引用
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作者 Yao Chen Qian-Xin Li +3 位作者 Tong Zhang Yao Tan Rong-Han Wu Ling Gao 《International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition)》 SCIE CAS 2026年第3期509-516,共8页
AIM:To investigate the sex-specific correlation between systemic factors and retinal neurovascular alterations in individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus(T1DM)who do not exhibit signs of diabetic retinopathy(DR).MET... AIM:To investigate the sex-specific correlation between systemic factors and retinal neurovascular alterations in individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus(T1DM)who do not exhibit signs of diabetic retinopathy(DR).METHODS:A cohort participant without DR diagnosed with T1DM,underwent comprehensive ophthalmologic evaluation,optical coherence tomography angiography retinal structural and microvascular density analysis,and systemic parameter assessment.Multiple linear regression analysis was used to investigate the impact of systemic parameters on retinal alterations in distinct gender groups.RESULTS:A total of 182 individuals were included,consisting of 85 males(mean age 23.28±12.75y)and 97 females(mean age 22.98±13.68y).Males exhibited significantly greater thickness in both the internal retinal layer and the entire retina compared to females(P<0.01),whereas females had higher densities of deep retinal vessels and choroidal capillaries(P<0.05).Additionally,glycemic control was found to have a notable influence on retinal thickness in males(P<0.05),while insulin function had a more pronounced impact on retinal structure in females(P<0.01).Furthermore,a significant correlation was observed between thyroid function markers and retinal parameters in both male and female(P<0.05).CONCLUSION:Sex differences in alterations in retinal structure and microcirculation are observed in individuals with T1DM prior to the development of clinical DR,with a noted association between these changes and systemic parameters. 展开更多
关键词 type 1 diabetes mellitus diabetic retinopathy gender differences optical coherence tomography angiography
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Sex differences in the global burden of autism spectrum disorders:An analysis based on GBD 2021 data 认领 引用
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作者 LIU Huiqin DING Jinfeng +7 位作者 XU Daxin YUAN Jinqiu NI Zhao LIU Bangshan CHANG Chunwei LIN Jialing JI Binbin QIN Xiwen 《中南大学学报（医学版）》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2026年第2期299-311,共13页
Objective:Autism spectrum disorder(ASD)has become an increasingly serious global public health challenge,with a continuously rising disease burden and marked sex differences.This study aims to evaluate the long-term t... Objective:Autism spectrum disorder(ASD)has become an increasingly serious global public health challenge,with a continuously rising disease burden and marked sex differences.This study aims to evaluate the long-term trends and global distribution patterns of sex differences in the burden of ASD and to project future changes,thereby providing evidence for ASD prevention and management.Methods:Based on the Global Burden of Disease(GBD)2021 data,disability-adjusted life years(DALYs)for ASD were extracted for 204 countries and territories.Combined with the sociodemographic index(SDI),the average annual percentage change(AAPC)was used to analyze sex differences in temporal trends and spatial distribution of ASD burden from 1990 to 2021,and to project trends from 2022 to 2050.Results:From 1990 to 2021,the global age-standardized DALY rate(ASDR)for ASD was significantly higher in males than in females,and this pattern is projected to persist through 2050.The absolute difference(AD)in ASDR ranged from 103.5 to 105.3 per 100000,and the relative difference(RD)ranged from 1.0 to 1.1,with the most pronounced sex differences observed in East Asia and high-SDI regions.The male ASDR showed an increasing trend from 1990 to 2021,whereas the female ASDR is projected to increase after 2021,particularly in Africa.In 2021,global DALYs for ASD peaked among children under 5 years of age(221.9 per 100000 in males and 112.8 per 100000 in females),and the relative difference in DALYs increased with age.The absolute difference in DALYs during adulthood generally declined but increased among young adults and those aged≥70 years,consistent with the pattern observed for relative differences.At the national level,sex differences were positively correlated with SDI and universal health coverage(UHC),and negatively correlated with the gender inequality index(GII)(all P<0.001).Spain,Japan,Singapore,South Korea,and China were identified as outliers to these associations.Conclusion:Sex differences in the burden of ASD persist globally and increase with age.Targeted prevention and control strategies tailored to different sexes and age groups are warranted. 展开更多
关键词 autism spectrum disorder sex differences Global Burden of Disease disability-adjusted life years sociodemographic factors
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A New Finite Difference Method for Strong Detonation Waves and Chapman-Jouguet Detonation Waves 认领 引用
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作者 Chun-long YANG Xiao-zhou YANG 《Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica》 SCIE CSCD 2026年第3期718-733,共16页
We set up a finite difference method for a scalar combustion model problem.An upwind scheme with flux perturbation at detonation wave discontinuity and a projection method are applied.Under a Courant-Friedrichs-Lewy c... We set up a finite difference method for a scalar combustion model problem.An upwind scheme with flux perturbation at detonation wave discontinuity and a projection method are applied.Under a Courant-Friedrichs-Lewy condition the maximum norm estimates are given.Then convergence to weak solution is proved.For the Riemann problem,convergence to strong detonation wave or to Chapman-Jouguet detonation wave is also proved.Numerical experiments are presented. 展开更多
关键词 combustion detonation deflagration finite difference method convergence
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Interspecies differences in the expression of cannabinoid receptors at the tissue and cellular levels 认领 引用
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作者 Sydney Lawley Audrey Green +1 位作者 Cole Johnson Michael D.Burton 《Neural Regeneration Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2026年第9期3983-3990,共8页
Understanding the cellular and molecular distribution of cannabinoids can address a highly contentious perspective in the pain neuroscience field:whether cannabinoids are viable in pain relief.Due to insufficient evid... Understanding the cellular and molecular distribution of cannabinoids can address a highly contentious perspective in the pain neuroscience field:whether cannabinoids are viable in pain relief.Due to insufficient evidence for cannabinoids in reducing pain in clinical trials and gaps in knowledge across the translational research process,the International Association for the Study of Pain(IASP)published a position statement in 2021 recommending against the general use of cannabinoids to treat pain.A possible mechanistic reason for the lack of translatability is interspecies differences in the expression of the cannabinoid type 1 and type 2 receptors at the tissue and cellular levels.Additionally,the anatomical site that is most important for analgesia has been elusive.This review aims to provide a deeper understanding of the anatomical distribution of cannabinoid receptors throughout the nervous system across species.We traverse historical and contemporary literature to illustrate the progression of methodology and perspectives.We discuss co-localized markers on cannabinoid receptor-expressing cells to elucidate possible anatomically dependent roles of the endocannabinoid system.We also discuss differences in cannabinoid receptor expression across species that may contribute to challenges in translatability between rodents and humans.Lastly,we cover how various types of pain can differentially alter the expression of cannabinoid receptors and how this may impact cannabinoid-based therapeutics. 展开更多
关键词 CB1R CB2R endocannabinoid system human mouse rat rodent species differences translational research
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A Lagrangian Generalized Finite Difference Method for the Bubble Flow with Large Density Difference Considering the Continuous Surface Force Model 认领 引用
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作者 Zhongjian Ling Yongou Zhang +1 位作者 Yifan Li Xianzhong Wang 《Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences》 SCIE EI 2026年第7期325-352,共28页
Due to the complex and dynamic nature of multi-phase interfaces,accurately capturing interface evolution remains one of the key challenges in multi-phase flow simulations,particularly in modeling bubble rising.In this... Due to the complex and dynamic nature of multi-phase interfaces,accurately capturing interface evolution remains one of the key challenges in multi-phase flow simulations,particularly in modeling bubble rising.In this study,a fully Lagrangian method is developed by using the Generalized Finite Difference(GFD)scheme,which we refer to as Finite Difference Particle Method(FDPM),and the Continuum Surface Force(CSF)model to simulate bubble dynamics.In this framework,the fluid is represented by particles,and all partial differential terms in the Navier–Stokes equations are discretized into symmetric linear systems using the GFD scheme.Notably,the interface curvature required by the CSF model is computed directly via the Laplacian of the color function,rather than through the divergence of the unit normal vector.The bubble relaxation cases with various density ratios(up to 1000)are tested,revealing that the pressure distributions inside and outside the bubbles generally agree with theoretical predictions.Finally,simulations of rising bubbles with a high density ratio(1:1000)and Reynolds number of 25 demonstrate that the time evolution of the bubble’s center of mass by FDPM is consistent with results obtained by the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics(SPH)and the Finite Element Method(FEM)approaches. 展开更多
关键词 Lagrangian meshfree method finite difference particle method rising bubble continuous surface force model
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Computationally Efficient Gradient-Aware Hyperspectral Image Denoising Using Center-Difference Convolutional Networks 认领 引用
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作者 Mahmood Ashraf Nuha Zamzami +4 位作者 Shtwai Alsubai Raed Alharthi Muhammad Umer Yunyoung Nam Yongwon Cho 《Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences》 SCIE EI 2026年第6期1173-1207,共35页
Hyperspectral image(HSI)denoising is a crucial preprocessing step that significantly enhances the performance of downstream applications,such as object detection and classification.Whereas deep neural networks have ac... Hyperspectral image(HSI)denoising is a crucial preprocessing step that significantly enhances the performance of downstream applications,such as object detection and classification.Whereas deep neural networks have achieved remarkable performance in HSI denoising,many existing models rely mostly on vanilla convolutions,which often fail to capture fine-grained noise patterns and structural details in real-time HSIs.To address these limitations,we propose a novel Center-Difference Convolutional Network(CDCN)designed to effectively suppress various noise types while preserving the inherent structure of HSIs.By leveraging center-difference convolution(CDC),our model captures both gradient and intensity information in the spatial domain,enabling better discrimination of subtle noise characteristics.The CDCN architecture processes 3D HSI cubes through separable 3D convolutions,efficiently extracting spatial-spectral features with minimal computational overhead.Additionally,a spatial-spectral attention mechanism is integrated to further refine feature representation.We evaluate the proposed method on one simulated dataset(Kennedy Space Center)and two real-world datasets(Pavia Center and Houston-2018).Experimental results demonstrate that CDCN consistently outperforms existing state-of-the-art approaches,achieving superior denoising performance while maintaining spectral-spatial information.Ablation studies also validate the effectiveness of CDC and attention mechanisms in enhancing denoising capability over standard convolutional baselines. 展开更多
关键词 Attention mechanism center difference network image denoising real-time image processing hyperspectral imaging remote sensing edge-preserving filtering
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Generalized Euler-Riesz difference sequence space with a paranormed fractional ordered µ 认领 引用
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作者 Munevver Tuz Cigdem Asma Bektas 《Applied Mathematics(A Journal of Chinese Universities)》 SCIE CSCD 2026年第1期214-224,共11页
In this study,we introduce the sequence space lμ(p,Δm) with a fractional order μ.Furthermore,we give some topological properties of this space.Also we introduce α-,β-,andγ-duals of lμ(p,Δm) and its... In this study,we introduce the sequence space lμ(p,Δm) with a fractional order μ.Furthermore,we give some topological properties of this space.Also we introduce α-,β-,andγ-duals of lμ(p,Δm) and its some matrix mappings. 展开更多
关键词 Euler-Riesz sequence space difference sequence space paranorm α-β-andγ-duals matrix transformations
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