The present work is concerned with the solution of a problem on thermoelastic interactions in a functional graded material due to thermal shock in the context of the fractional order three-phase lag model. The governi...The present work is concerned with the solution of a problem on thermoelastic interactions in a functional graded material due to thermal shock in the context of the fractional order three-phase lag model. The governing equations of fractional order generalized thermoelasticity with three-phase lag model for functionally graded materials(FGM)(i.e., material with spatially varying material properties) are established. The analytical solution in the transform domain is obtained by using the eigenvalue approach.The inversion of Laplace transform is done numerically. The graphical results indicate that the fractional parameter has significant effects on all the physical quantities. Thus, we can consider the theory of fractional order generalized thermoelasticity an improvement on studying elastic materials.展开更多
EQrot nonconforming finite element approximation to a class of nonlinear dual phase lagging heat conduction equations is discussed for semi-discrete and fully-discrete schemes. By use of a special property, that is, t...EQrot nonconforming finite element approximation to a class of nonlinear dual phase lagging heat conduction equations is discussed for semi-discrete and fully-discrete schemes. By use of a special property, that is, the consistency error of this element is of order O(h2) one order higher than its interpolation error O(h), the superclose results of order O(h2) in broken Hi-norm are obtained. At the same time, the global superconvergence in broken Hi-norm is deduced by interpolation postprocessing technique. Moreover, the extrapolation result with order O(h4) is derived by constructing a new interpolation postprocessing operator and extrapolation scheme based on the known asymptotic expansion formulas of EQrot element. Finally, optimal error estimate is gained for a proposed fully-discrete scheme by different approaches from the previous literature.展开更多
This work focuses on variations of the Earth tidal factor and phase lag derived from groundwater observations before and after major earthquakes.It is based on an analysis of the data from four observational wells at ...This work focuses on variations of the Earth tidal factor and phase lag derived from groundwater observations before and after major earthquakes.It is based on an analysis of the data from four observational wells at boundaries between distinct active blocks of China mainland.These wells are also situated on several active fault zones and have exhibited considerable responses to the Wenchuan Ms8.0 earthquake of 2008 in China.We collected hourly records of water levels of these wells from 2007to 2009 and processed these data for analysis.The tidal factors,phase lags,and phase-difference changes of tidal residuals of each well were calculated.We found that when the Wenchuan quake happened,the tidal factors of the 4 wells were changing rapidly,while their phase lags and phase differences of tidal residuals declined swiftly,which may reflect the stress and strain changes of the well-aquifer system during the seismic generation.展开更多
The primary objective of this research problem is to analyze the Rayleigh wave propagation in homogeneous isotropic half space with mass diffusion in Three Phase Lag(TPL)thermoelasticity at two temperature.The governi...The primary objective of this research problem is to analyze the Rayleigh wave propagation in homogeneous isotropic half space with mass diffusion in Three Phase Lag(TPL)thermoelasticity at two temperature.The governing equations of thermodiffusive elastic half space have been solved using the normal mode analysis in order to obtain the Rayleigh wave frequency equation at relevant boundary conditions.The variation of various parameters like non-dimensional speed,attenuation coefficient,penetration depth and specific loss corresponding to thermodiffusion parameter,relaxation time,wave number and frequency has been obtained.The effect of these parameters on Rayleigh wave propagation in thermoelastic half space are graphically demonstrated and variations of all these parameters have been compared within Lord-Shulman(L-S),Green-Nagdhi(GN-III)and Three Phase Lag(TPL)theory of thermoelasticity.展开更多
Many articles dealing with individual cell lag phase determination assume that growth, when observed, comes from one cell. This assumption is not in agreement with the Poisson distribution, which uses the probability ...Many articles dealing with individual cell lag phase determination assume that growth, when observed, comes from one cell. This assumption is not in agreement with the Poisson distribution, which uses the probability of growth in a sample to predict how many samples contain one, two, or some other number of cells. This article analyses and compares different approaches to improve the accuracy of lag phase estimation of individual cells and micropopulations. It argues that if the highest initial load, as predicted by the Poisson distribution, is assigned to the sample with the shortest lag phase, the second highest to the sample with the second shortest lag phase and so on, the resulting lag phase distributions would be more accurate. This study also proposes the use of a robust test, permutation test, to compare lag phase distributions obtained in different situations.展开更多
The variation between Earth's perihelion and aphelion causes seasonal fluctuations in the total solar radiation(SR)received by the planet.Our analysis of observational data and Community Earth System Model(CESM)si...The variation between Earth's perihelion and aphelion causes seasonal fluctuations in the total solar radiation(SR)received by the planet.Our analysis of observational data and Community Earth System Model(CESM)simulations indicates that the temporal phase of atmospheric total energy in each hemisphere tends to follow the annual cycle of SR in each hemisphere with a delay of less than a month.However,the amplitude of the annual cycle of atmospheric energy in the Southern Hemisphere(SH)is weaker than that in the Northern Hemisphere(NH),despite the annual cycle of SR in the SH being 7%stronger than that in the NH.The stronger annual cycle response of atmospheric energy in the NH,despite its weaker annual cycle of SR,results in a six-month delay in the annual cycle of the global mean total atmospheric energy relative to the annual cycle of total SR received by Earth,as shown in both observations and CESM simulations.An aqua planet climate simulation reveals that the global and hemispheric mean atmospheric total energy in each hemisphere follows the SR annual cycles in both timing and amplitude.The contrast between the CESM and aqua planet simulations indicates that the difference in land–ocean distribution between the two hemispheres causes the asynchronous global atmospheric energy response to SR forcing.Using a dry radiative–convective coupled atmosphere–surface climate model,we confirm that this asynchronous global atmospheric energy response to SR forcing is driven by the hemispheric asymmetry in land–ocean distribution.展开更多
We study the link between wing deformation and aerodynamic force production of an insect-inspired two-vein flexible flapping wing.The three-dimensional deformation of the wing is monitored during experiments,while the...We study the link between wing deformation and aerodynamic force production of an insect-inspired two-vein flexible flapping wing.The three-dimensional deformation of the wing is monitored during experiments,while the instantaneous aerodynamic forces are simultaneously recorded using a force balance.We demonstrate that the optimal wing stiffness distribution,controlled by the angle between the two veins,results from a subtle passive control of the phase lag between the leading and trailing edges.Specifically,we identify an optimal inter-vein angleβin the range of 15-20 degrees,which maximizes the thrust coefficientby enabling a phase lag of approximatelyπ/2 between leading and trailing edge kinematics.This optimal deformation timing enhances wing curvature during peak flapping velocity,thereby improving aerodynamic efficiency.A complementary modal analysis provides a structural interpretation of the observed deformation dynamics and clarifies the role of stiffness anisotropy.Our findings indicate that insects may exploit passive structural properties to optimize flight performance without active control,highlighting the importance of venation patterns in governing aerodynamic effectiveness.展开更多
Hemodynamic low-frequency(~0.1 Hz)spontaneous oscillations as detected in the brain by nearinfrared spectroscopy have potential applications in the study of brain activation,cerebral autoregulation,and functional conn...Hemodynamic low-frequency(~0.1 Hz)spontaneous oscillations as detected in the brain by nearinfrared spectroscopy have potential applications in the study of brain activation,cerebral autoregulation,and functional connectivity.In this work,we have investigated the phase lag between oscillations of cerebral deoxy-and oxy-hemoglobin concentrations in the frequency range 0.05-0.10 Hz in a human subject during a mental workload task.We have obtained a measure of such phase lag using two different methods:(1)phase synchronization analysis as used in the theory of chaotic oscillators and(2)a novel cross-correlation phasor approach.The two methods yielded comparable initial results of a larger phase lag between low-frequency oscillations of deoxy-and oxyhemoglobin concentrations during mental workload with respect to a control,rest condition.展开更多
Wave shapes that induce velocity skewness and acceleration asymmetry are usually responsible for onshore sediment transport, whereas undertow and bottom slope effect normally contribute to offshore sediment transport....Wave shapes that induce velocity skewness and acceleration asymmetry are usually responsible for onshore sediment transport, whereas undertow and bottom slope effect normally contribute to offshore sediment transport. By incorporating these counteracting driving forces in a phase-averaged manner, the theoretically-based quasi-steady formula of Wang (2007) is modified to predict the magnitude and direction of net cross-shore total load transport under the coaction of wave and current. The predictions show an excellent agreement with the measurement data on medium and fine sand collected by Dohmen-Janssen and Hanes (2002) and Schretlen (2012) in a full-scale wave flume at the Coastal Research Centre in Hannover, Germany. The modified formula can predict the net onshore transport of fine sand in sheet flows. In particular, it can predict the net offshore transport of medium sand in rippled beds through enlarged bed roughness, as well as the net offshore transport of fine-to-coarse sand in sheet flows with the aid of a new criterion to judge the occurrence of net offshore transport.展开更多
目的探讨脑电图(Electroencephalogram,EEG)评估相位滞后指数(phase lag index,PLI)对双相情感障碍(bipolar disorder,BD)患儿躁狂发作后复发的预测价值。方法选取2021年4月—2023年11月期间于本院就诊的128例BD患儿,根据随访1年内是否...目的探讨脑电图(Electroencephalogram,EEG)评估相位滞后指数(phase lag index,PLI)对双相情感障碍(bipolar disorder,BD)患儿躁狂发作后复发的预测价值。方法选取2021年4月—2023年11月期间于本院就诊的128例BD患儿,根据随访1年内是否复发分为复发组(n=42)和未复发组(n=86)。收集患儿临床资料,使用EEG评估和计算δ(1~4 Hz)、θ(4~7 Hz)、α(8~13Hz)、β(14~30 Hz)、γ(30~45 Hz)5个频段的PLI,分析患儿复发的影响因素和不同频段PLI的预测价值。结果与未复发组相比较,复发组伴发精神病性症状占比更高,接受维持期治疗占比更低(P<0.05),θ和α频段的PLI明显更低(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示:伴发精神病性症状、θ频段PLI、α频段PLI是BD患儿复发的影响因素(P<0.05)。受试者工作特征(receiver operating characteristic,ROC)曲线结果发现,θ频段PLI、α频段PLI单独及联合预测BD患儿复发的曲线下面积(areas under curve,AUC)分别为0.740(0.645~0.867)、0.657(0.556~0.757)、0.782(0.696~0.867)。结论基于EEG评估的θ联合α频段PLI对预测BD患儿躁狂发作后的复发具有良好的价值。展开更多
摘要The present work is concerned with the solution of a problem on thermoelastic interactions in a functional graded material due to thermal shock in the context of the fractional order three-phase lag model. The governing equations of fractional order generalized thermoelasticity with three-phase lag model for functionally graded materials(FGM)(i.e., material with spatially varying material properties) are established. The analytical solution in the transform domain is obtained by using the eigenvalue approach.The inversion of Laplace transform is done numerically. The graphical results indicate that the fractional parameter has significant effects on all the physical quantities. Thus, we can consider the theory of fractional order generalized thermoelasticity an improvement on studying elastic materials.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 10971203 11101381)+3 种基金Tianyuan Mathe-matics Foundation of National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 11026154)Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province (No. 112300410026)Natural Science Foundation of the Education Department of Henan Province (Nos. 2011A110020 12A110021)
摘要EQrot nonconforming finite element approximation to a class of nonlinear dual phase lagging heat conduction equations is discussed for semi-discrete and fully-discrete schemes. By use of a special property, that is, the consistency error of this element is of order O(h2) one order higher than its interpolation error O(h), the superclose results of order O(h2) in broken Hi-norm are obtained. At the same time, the global superconvergence in broken Hi-norm is deduced by interpolation postprocessing technique. Moreover, the extrapolation result with order O(h4) is derived by constructing a new interpolation postprocessing operator and extrapolation scheme based on the known asymptotic expansion formulas of EQrot element. Finally, optimal error estimate is gained for a proposed fully-discrete scheme by different approaches from the previous literature.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.40930637)Special Project for Earthquake Science(Grant No.200808079)Subject Foundation of Ministry of Education for Doctor Candidates in Universities(Grant No.20100022110001)
摘要This work focuses on variations of the Earth tidal factor and phase lag derived from groundwater observations before and after major earthquakes.It is based on an analysis of the data from four observational wells at boundaries between distinct active blocks of China mainland.These wells are also situated on several active fault zones and have exhibited considerable responses to the Wenchuan Ms8.0 earthquake of 2008 in China.We collected hourly records of water levels of these wells from 2007to 2009 and processed these data for analysis.The tidal factors,phase lags,and phase-difference changes of tidal residuals of each well were calculated.We found that when the Wenchuan quake happened,the tidal factors of the 4 wells were changing rapidly,while their phase lags and phase differences of tidal residuals declined swiftly,which may reflect the stress and strain changes of the well-aquifer system during the seismic generation.
摘要The primary objective of this research problem is to analyze the Rayleigh wave propagation in homogeneous isotropic half space with mass diffusion in Three Phase Lag(TPL)thermoelasticity at two temperature.The governing equations of thermodiffusive elastic half space have been solved using the normal mode analysis in order to obtain the Rayleigh wave frequency equation at relevant boundary conditions.The variation of various parameters like non-dimensional speed,attenuation coefficient,penetration depth and specific loss corresponding to thermodiffusion parameter,relaxation time,wave number and frequency has been obtained.The effect of these parameters on Rayleigh wave propagation in thermoelastic half space are graphically demonstrated and variations of all these parameters have been compared within Lord-Shulman(L-S),Green-Nagdhi(GN-III)and Three Phase Lag(TPL)theory of thermoelasticity.
基金the support of the Ministerio de Educacion y Ciencia(Spain),Program Consolider CARNISENUSA CSD2007-0016 and AGL-2010-16598.
摘要Many articles dealing with individual cell lag phase determination assume that growth, when observed, comes from one cell. This assumption is not in agreement with the Poisson distribution, which uses the probability of growth in a sample to predict how many samples contain one, two, or some other number of cells. This article analyses and compares different approaches to improve the accuracy of lag phase estimation of individual cells and micropopulations. It argues that if the highest initial load, as predicted by the Poisson distribution, is assigned to the sample with the shortest lag phase, the second highest to the sample with the second shortest lag phase and so on, the resulting lag phase distributions would be more accurate. This study also proposes the use of a robust test, permutation test, to compare lag phase distributions obtained in different situations.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42222502)。
摘要The variation between Earth's perihelion and aphelion causes seasonal fluctuations in the total solar radiation(SR)received by the planet.Our analysis of observational data and Community Earth System Model(CESM)simulations indicates that the temporal phase of atmospheric total energy in each hemisphere tends to follow the annual cycle of SR in each hemisphere with a delay of less than a month.However,the amplitude of the annual cycle of atmospheric energy in the Southern Hemisphere(SH)is weaker than that in the Northern Hemisphere(NH),despite the annual cycle of SR in the SH being 7%stronger than that in the NH.The stronger annual cycle response of atmospheric energy in the NH,despite its weaker annual cycle of SR,results in a six-month delay in the annual cycle of the global mean total atmospheric energy relative to the annual cycle of total SR received by Earth,as shown in both observations and CESM simulations.An aqua planet climate simulation reveals that the global and hemispheric mean atmospheric total energy in each hemisphere follows the SR annual cycles in both timing and amplitude.The contrast between the CESM and aqua planet simulations indicates that the difference in land–ocean distribution between the two hemispheres causes the asynchronous global atmospheric energy response to SR forcing.Using a dry radiative–convective coupled atmosphere–surface climate model,we confirm that this asynchronous global atmospheric energy response to SR forcing is driven by the hemispheric asymmetry in land–ocean distribution.
基金Universidad de Jaén/CBUAthe Agence Nationale de la Recherche and the ASTRID program financing through the project ANR-19-ASTR-0023-01(NANOFLY)+4 种基金the Project TED2021-131805B-C21,financed by the Spanish MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033/,FEDER,UEthe European Union NextGenerationEU/PRTRthe support from grant JDC2024-054213-I funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033European Union NextGenerationEU/PRTRpartially supported by the I+D+i coordinated projects PID2023-151343NB-C31,PID2023-151343NB-C32,PID2023-151343NB-C33,funded by MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by FEDER,UE.
摘要We study the link between wing deformation and aerodynamic force production of an insect-inspired two-vein flexible flapping wing.The three-dimensional deformation of the wing is monitored during experiments,while the instantaneous aerodynamic forces are simultaneously recorded using a force balance.We demonstrate that the optimal wing stiffness distribution,controlled by the angle between the two veins,results from a subtle passive control of the phase lag between the leading and trailing edges.Specifically,we identify an optimal inter-vein angleβin the range of 15-20 degrees,which maximizes the thrust coefficientby enabling a phase lag of approximatelyπ/2 between leading and trailing edge kinematics.This optimal deformation timing enhances wing curvature during peak flapping velocity,thereby improving aerodynamic efficiency.A complementary modal analysis provides a structural interpretation of the observed deformation dynamics and clarifies the role of stiffness anisotropy.Our findings indicate that insects may exploit passive structural properties to optimize flight performance without active control,highlighting the importance of venation patterns in governing aerodynamic effectiveness.
基金This research is supported by NIH Grant R01-NS059933 and by NSF Award IIS-0713506.
摘要Hemodynamic low-frequency(~0.1 Hz)spontaneous oscillations as detected in the brain by nearinfrared spectroscopy have potential applications in the study of brain activation,cerebral autoregulation,and functional connectivity.In this work,we have investigated the phase lag between oscillations of cerebral deoxy-and oxy-hemoglobin concentrations in the frequency range 0.05-0.10 Hz in a human subject during a mental workload task.We have obtained a measure of such phase lag using two different methods:(1)phase synchronization analysis as used in the theory of chaotic oscillators and(2)a novel cross-correlation phasor approach.The two methods yielded comparable initial results of a larger phase lag between low-frequency oscillations of deoxy-and oxyhemoglobin concentrations during mental workload with respect to a control,rest condition.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51179211)
摘要Wave shapes that induce velocity skewness and acceleration asymmetry are usually responsible for onshore sediment transport, whereas undertow and bottom slope effect normally contribute to offshore sediment transport. By incorporating these counteracting driving forces in a phase-averaged manner, the theoretically-based quasi-steady formula of Wang (2007) is modified to predict the magnitude and direction of net cross-shore total load transport under the coaction of wave and current. The predictions show an excellent agreement with the measurement data on medium and fine sand collected by Dohmen-Janssen and Hanes (2002) and Schretlen (2012) in a full-scale wave flume at the Coastal Research Centre in Hannover, Germany. The modified formula can predict the net onshore transport of fine sand in sheet flows. In particular, it can predict the net offshore transport of medium sand in rippled beds through enlarged bed roughness, as well as the net offshore transport of fine-to-coarse sand in sheet flows with the aid of a new criterion to judge the occurrence of net offshore transport.