It is difficult to determine the effective reservoir rock compressibility,aquifer volume and water influx of high pressure and ultra-high pressure gas reservoirs,so when the traditional apparent reservoir pressure and...It is difficult to determine the effective reservoir rock compressibility,aquifer volume and water influx of high pressure and ultra-high pressure gas reservoirs,so when the traditional apparent reservoir pressure and cumulative gas production curve extrapolation method and its modified version are used to calculate the initial gas in-place of such gas reservoirs,the calculation accuracy is lower.The material balance equation in the form of power function for such gas reservoirs was established based on Gonzalez method to improve the accuracy and reliability of reserve evaluation.Then,based on 20 high pressure and ultra-high pressure reservoirs that had been developed abroad,the empirical value of the power exponent was defined,and the influences of the depletion degree of apparent reservoir pressure and the degree of reserve recovery on the reliability of reserve calculation were analyzed.Besides,the critical value of the key parameter affecting the reliability of reserve evaluation(depletion degree of apparent reservoir pressure)was determined and compared with the critical value of the two-linear trends.Finally,an example calculation was carried out.And the following research results were obtained.First,the empirical value of the power exponent calculated using the material balance method in the form of power function is 1.02847,with an upper limit of 1.11567.Second,the depletion degree of apparent reservoir pressure corresponding to the inflection point of the classical two-linear trends ranges from 0.14 to 0.38 with an average of 0.23,while that corresponding to the extrapolation point of the second straight line is between 0.23 and 0.50 with an average of 0.33,and the corresponding degree of reserve recovery is in the range of 33%-65%with an average of 45%.Third,the reserves of such high pressure gas reservoirs calculated with this new method has an error rate less than 10%if the depletion degree of apparent reservoir pressure is greater than 0.33.In conclusion,for such high pressure gas reservoirs and the stress-sensitive fractured gas reservoirs,the material balance method in the form of power function proposed in this paper can avoid the uncertainty parameters(e.g.effective reservoir rock compressibility,aquifer volume and water influx)and it is advantageous with simple calculation process,better practicability and small error.展开更多
Based on the independent, continuous and map- ping (ICM) method and homogenization method, a research model is constructed to propose and deduce a theorem and corollary from the invariant between the weight filter f...Based on the independent, continuous and map- ping (ICM) method and homogenization method, a research model is constructed to propose and deduce a theorem and corollary from the invariant between the weight filter func- tion and the corresponding stiffness filter function of the form of power function. The efficiency in searching for op- timum solution will be raised via the choice of rational filter functions, so the above mentioned results are very important to the further study of structural topology optimization.展开更多
宇称时间对称无线电能传输(parity-time symmetric wireless power transfer,PT-WPT)系统能够克服耦合条件变化的影响,在一定传输距离内保持恒定的输出功率和传输效率。该系统是高阶、时变且非线性的。目前,其稳定性分析方法存在计算复...宇称时间对称无线电能传输(parity-time symmetric wireless power transfer,PT-WPT)系统能够克服耦合条件变化的影响,在一定传输距离内保持恒定的输出功率和传输效率。该系统是高阶、时变且非线性的。目前,其稳定性分析方法存在计算复杂和通用性弱的不足。该文提出基于描述函数法的PT-WPT系统稳定性分析方法,探明系统的稳定性规律,揭示其选频和跳频的机理,提出通过控制逆变器输出电压占空比抑制跳频的选频策略。最后,搭建串联-串联型PT-WPT样机验证了所提稳定性分析方法、选频及跳频机理、跳频抑制策略的正确性和有效性。展开更多
基金Project supported by Major Special Science and Technology Project of PetroChina Company Limited“Study and application of key technologies for developing deepeultra-deep gas in Kuqa depression”(No.:2018E-1803).
摘要It is difficult to determine the effective reservoir rock compressibility,aquifer volume and water influx of high pressure and ultra-high pressure gas reservoirs,so when the traditional apparent reservoir pressure and cumulative gas production curve extrapolation method and its modified version are used to calculate the initial gas in-place of such gas reservoirs,the calculation accuracy is lower.The material balance equation in the form of power function for such gas reservoirs was established based on Gonzalez method to improve the accuracy and reliability of reserve evaluation.Then,based on 20 high pressure and ultra-high pressure reservoirs that had been developed abroad,the empirical value of the power exponent was defined,and the influences of the depletion degree of apparent reservoir pressure and the degree of reserve recovery on the reliability of reserve calculation were analyzed.Besides,the critical value of the key parameter affecting the reliability of reserve evaluation(depletion degree of apparent reservoir pressure)was determined and compared with the critical value of the two-linear trends.Finally,an example calculation was carried out.And the following research results were obtained.First,the empirical value of the power exponent calculated using the material balance method in the form of power function is 1.02847,with an upper limit of 1.11567.Second,the depletion degree of apparent reservoir pressure corresponding to the inflection point of the classical two-linear trends ranges from 0.14 to 0.38 with an average of 0.23,while that corresponding to the extrapolation point of the second straight line is between 0.23 and 0.50 with an average of 0.33,and the corresponding degree of reserve recovery is in the range of 33%-65%with an average of 45%.Third,the reserves of such high pressure gas reservoirs calculated with this new method has an error rate less than 10%if the depletion degree of apparent reservoir pressure is greater than 0.33.In conclusion,for such high pressure gas reservoirs and the stress-sensitive fractured gas reservoirs,the material balance method in the form of power function proposed in this paper can avoid the uncertainty parameters(e.g.effective reservoir rock compressibility,aquifer volume and water influx)and it is advantageous with simple calculation process,better practicability and small error.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11172013)Foundation of National Key Laboratory for Structural Analysis of Industrial Equipment in Dalian University of Technology Foundations(GZ1008)
摘要Based on the independent, continuous and map- ping (ICM) method and homogenization method, a research model is constructed to propose and deduce a theorem and corollary from the invariant between the weight filter func- tion and the corresponding stiffness filter function of the form of power function. The efficiency in searching for op- timum solution will be raised via the choice of rational filter functions, so the above mentioned results are very important to the further study of structural topology optimization.
摘要宇称时间对称无线电能传输(parity-time symmetric wireless power transfer,PT-WPT)系统能够克服耦合条件变化的影响,在一定传输距离内保持恒定的输出功率和传输效率。该系统是高阶、时变且非线性的。目前,其稳定性分析方法存在计算复杂和通用性弱的不足。该文提出基于描述函数法的PT-WPT系统稳定性分析方法,探明系统的稳定性规律,揭示其选频和跳频的机理,提出通过控制逆变器输出电压占空比抑制跳频的选频策略。最后,搭建串联-串联型PT-WPT样机验证了所提稳定性分析方法、选频及跳频机理、跳频抑制策略的正确性和有效性。