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Reliability, practicality, and washback of choice format in language testing 认领 引用
1
作者 吴雪媚 《课程教育研究（学法教法研究）》 2017年第16期30-30,共1页
This paper aims to discuss reliability, practicality, and washback of MC format and show how effective and applicable it is in language testing. It mainly includes an evaluation of MC format＇ reliability, and practic... This paper aims to discuss reliability, practicality, and washback of MC format and show how effective and applicable it is in language testing. It mainly includes an evaluation of MC format＇ reliability, and practicality, and a discussion about the washback MC format has on the teaching and learning process. This paper concludes by suggesting that although MC format＇s reliability and validity are still questionable, it is still quite applicable in certain circumstances. 展开更多
关键词 MC format language testing reliability practicality washback
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Evaluation of TOEIC from Validity Reliability and Practicality 认领 引用
2
作者 牛璇璇 《海外英语》 2019年第24期132-133,147,共2页
Test of English for International Communication(TOEIC),as a system for English assessment,was developed by Educa⁃tional Testing Service(ETS)and it is used by government institutions and multinational enterprises to as... Test of English for International Communication(TOEIC),as a system for English assessment,was developed by Educa⁃tional Testing Service(ETS)and it is used by government institutions and multinational enterprises to assess the daily English com⁃munication ability of the people who are not native English speakers.The scores of the TOEIC test are divided into four levels,with level A B C D in descending order.This thesis fully analyzes TOEIC from the perspectives of validity,reliability and practicality so as to draw a conclusion that TOEIC is reasonably valid,reliable and practical in real application and TOEIC as an effective way to enhance whether their employees command the basic ability in commercial communication. 展开更多
关键词 TOEIC validity reliability practicality
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Increasing Access to Clean Cooking: The Practicality of Pay-Go in Promoting Adoption of Bottled Gas in Kinondoni, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania 认领 引用
3
作者 Editha M. Ndunguru 《International Journal of Clean Coal and Energy》 CAS 2021年第3期41-58,共18页
The majority of the population in developing countries have limited access to clean energy. To increase access to clean energy, the governments and other stakeholders have been working hard to create enabling environm... The majority of the population in developing countries have limited access to clean energy. To increase access to clean energy, the governments and other stakeholders have been working hard to create enabling environments for their adoption and utilization. For the household cooking sector, technological innovations such as improved biomass fuels, improved biomass cookstove, solar cooking, biogas and recently bottled gas service have been or are being deployed to scale up clean cooking. Nevertheless, a good number of the innovations intended for upscaling clean cooking in developing countries have failed to meet the desired goals due to limited support from the national governments or the international community. Pay-Go is among the recent innovations in the East African region intended for promoting the use of bottled gas (liquefied petroleum gas-LPG). This study evaluates the practicality of Pay-Go innovation on bottled gas, popularly known as Pay-as-you-Cook. Specifically, the article examines the evolution of Pay-as-you-Cook, its execution, usefulness and challenges;and its implications on household energy sector development. The study was conducted in Kinondoni Municipality, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania between 2018 and 2020. The study used both qualitative and quantitative approaches. Purposive and non-random sampling techniques were used in selecting respondents. Purposive sampling was used to identify key informants while snowball sampling was used to find household respondents. Information was gathered from KopaGas (Pay-as-you-Cook innovator) headquarter-Kinondoni Morocco;and from Pay-as-you-Cook clients in Kinondoni Moscow, Mkwajuni and Hananasif. Methods of data collection involved semi-structured interviews and observation. Instruments of data collection included interview guides and observation checklists. Data analysis was accomplished with Nvivo 12. Findings show that Pay-as-you-Cook innovation was intended for promoting bottled gas adoption mainly to low-income households. The innovation was discovered to be convenient to many low- income households as it enabled them to use bottled gas for cooking without necessarily climbing the economic ladder. Yet, the innovation presents several challenges which are doubtful to its practicality. 展开更多
关键词 Clean Cooking Practicality Adoption Pay-Go Bottled Gas
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Practicality of power load management system in Chongqing City verified 认领 引用
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《Electricity》 1996年第3期45-45,共1页
Began from early 1992, Chongqing Power Supply Bureau had spent 3 and half years to build up a power load management system consisting of I master station, 6 relay stations, 1280 terminals and the distributed monitorin... Began from early 1992, Chongqing Power Supply Bureau had spent 3 and half years to build up a power load management system consisting of I master station, 6 relay stations, 1280 terminals and the distributed monitoring device. This system distributes in the hilly and mountainous areas where geographically complicated and the load widely scatters, it can supervise about 72% load and curtail more than 15% load 展开更多
关键词 load Practicality of power load management system in Chongqing City verified
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A study on the development of Chinese-style modernization from the perspective of the"practicality"of Marx's historical materialism 认领 引用
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作者 Linjie Lu 《Advances in Humanities Research》 2026年第5期128-134,共7页
Marx's historical materialism is grounded in three constitutive principles:practicality,subjectivity,and people-centeredness.The principle of practicality explicitly emphasizes a concrete manifestation,namely that... Marx's historical materialism is grounded in three constitutive principles:practicality,subjectivity,and people-centeredness.The principle of practicality explicitly emphasizes a concrete manifestation,namely that"historical laws are formed and realized within human practical activity".This formulation is based on the recognition of the objective existence of historical laws,while fully affirming the positive role of human practice in promoting the renewal and development of these laws.Since historical laws are formed and realized through human practical activity,the profound philosophical implications embedded in this view also hold significant contemporary relevance and practical value for China in continuing to explore its own path of development. 展开更多
关键词 historical laws human practical activity Chinese-style modernization
Three-dimensional cooperative guidance law with practical predefined-time approach angle and time-to-go convergence 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 Zihao WU Wei FENG +3 位作者 Xiaofeng ZHANG Wenxing FU Zhang REN Tuo HAN 《Chinese Journal of Aeronautics》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2026年第5期530-546,共17页
This paper presents a Three-Dimensional(3D)cooperative guidance law with Practical Predefined-Time(PPT)convergence for multiple missiles considering approach angle(terminal lineof-sight)and simultaneous arrival constr... This paper presents a Three-Dimensional(3D)cooperative guidance law with Practical Predefined-Time(PPT)convergence for multiple missiles considering approach angle(terminal lineof-sight)and simultaneous arrival constraints.To achieve a salvo attack against a maneuvering target from various directions,the guidance problem is tackled by addressing two critical factors:ensuring that the time-of-arrival is consistent and that the desired approach angles can be met.Considering the short duration of the homing guidance process,the convergence with predefined time for guidance states(especially the approach angle and time-to-go)is factored in.First,for the simultaneous arrival,a PPT guidance law is developed,which can meet the same time-to-go convergence rate in the Line-of-Sight(LOS)direction.Then,in the normal LOS direction,a 3D PPT guidance law is presented considering the approach angle constraint so that the desired approach angles can be reached within a user-designed time.The time-based generator technique is employed in the proposed PPT Cooperative Guidance Law(PPTCGL)to avoid the time-varying gain singularity issue.Notably,this technique can allow the convergence time to be preset in advance,independent of initial system conditions and tuning parameters.Additionally,to avoid excessive gain and improve the robustness of guidance law,a PPT disturbance observer is designed against uncertainties and target maneuvers so that the guidance system perturbation can be compensated in real time.It is userfriendly that the convergence of disturbance estimation can be met with a flexible pre-setting time before achieving the terminal guidance constraints.Finally,extensive numerical simulations are conducted to verify the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed PPTCGL in both the nominal cases and the Monte Carlo test. 展开更多
关键词 Approach angle constraint Cooperative guidance law Maneuvering target Practical predefined-time consensus Three-dimensional guidance model
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Phenotype–Target Coupled Drug Screening:A High-Efficiency Framework for Innovative Drug Discovery from CHMs 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 Wei Zhou Yue Gao 《Engineering》 SCIE EI CSCD 2026年第2期10-13,共4页
Chinese herbal medicines(CHMs)serve as the cornerstone of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)practices and are vital sources of inspiration for novel drug discovery.Many landmark drugs,including artemisinin,ephedrine,bi... Chinese herbal medicines(CHMs)serve as the cornerstone of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)practices and are vital sources of inspiration for novel drug discovery.Many landmark drugs,including artemisinin,ephedrine,bicyclol,berberine,and dl-3-nbutylphthalide,originated from CHMs.Nevertheless,only 23.5%of the new drugs approved by the US Food and Drug Administration(FDA)over the past four decades have stemmed from botanical drugs,natural products,or their derivatives[1]. 展开更多
关键词 natural products phenotype target coupled drug screening botanical drugsnatural Chinese Herbal Medicines chinese herbal medicines chms serve novel drug discoverymany traditional chinese medicine tcm practices botanical drugs
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How Chinese blood purification specialist nurses show their role in advanced practice:A nationwide cross-sectional survey 认领 引用
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作者 Weiyi Jin Jing Xiang +6 位作者 Weiwei Zhao Guanghui Xiao Chunyan Feng Jinrong Zhu Manman Gao Zizhen Wang Chunyan Su 《International Journal of Nursing Sciences》 CSCD 2026年第2期156-163,I0002,I0003,共8页
Objectives:This study aimed to explore the current status of advanced nursing practice among blood purification specialist nurses in China,providing insights into their roles and contributions in clinical practice,edu... Objectives:This study aimed to explore the current status of advanced nursing practice among blood purification specialist nurses in China,providing insights into their roles and contributions in clinical practice,education,and research.Methods:This study employed a cross-sectional survey using the convenience sampling method to explore the advanced nursing practice of blood purification specialist nurses in China from August 10 to September 10,2022.A total of 1,919 blood purification specialist nurses from 882 hospitals in China were surveyed using a self-designed questionnaire.Results:The blood purification specialist nurses in China had a wide-ranging involvement in clinical nursing practice,teaching,and research.The most frequently performed advanced nursing practice among participants in clinical settings was nutritional management,including assessment(1,597 cases,83.2%)and education(1,828 cases,95.3%)of patients’diets and nutritional status.The least performed advanced nursing practices were attending nursing clinics(93 cases,4.8%)and inter-hospital nursing consultations(123 cases,6.4%).Participants with varying work experience in blood purification,educational levels,professional titles,and from different hospital levels demonstrated different performance rates in various advanced nursing practice items.Working years in blood purification,professional titles,and position were independent factors influencing the practices of nursing clinics,consultations,or both.Conclusions:The scope of advanced nursing practice for Chinese blood purification specialist nurses was relatively extensive,and they demonstrate their value in many aspects of specialized nursing.Their working experience in blood purification,professional titles,and position might affect their involvement in the key activities of advanced practice. 展开更多
关键词 Advanced practice nursing Advanced practice Blood purification Clinical nursing research Hemodialysis
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Changes in knowledge and attitude after communitybased first-aid training:a prospective study with a 12-month follow-up 认领 引用
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作者 Shijiao Yan Wenning Fu +5 位作者 Ping Tan Chang Su Xuan Deng Jinlong Wang Chuanzhu Lyu Yanhong Yang 《World Journal of Emergency Medicine》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2026年第3期215-222,共8页
BACKGROUND:This study aims to evaluate the immediate and 12-month effects of communitybased first-aid training on public knowledge and attitude,assess satisfaction,and identify factors associated with score changes.ME... BACKGROUND:This study aims to evaluate the immediate and 12-month effects of communitybased first-aid training on public knowledge and attitude,assess satisfaction,and identify factors associated with score changes.METHODS:This was a prospective study.In 2022-2023,a total of 2,010 community residents in Hainan Province received first-aid training and completed structured questionnaires at baseline,immediately after training,and at 3,6,and 12 months after training.First-aid knowledge was assessed through 33 items,with a maximum total score of 33.First-aid attitude was evaluated using seven items,totaling a maximum score of 21.Satisfaction was measured on a 5-point Likert scale.Paired-sample t-tests were used to compare baseline and post-training scores,repeated-measures analysis of variance(ANOVA)was used to examine time effects,and multiple linear regression was used to analyze factors associated with score changes.RESULTS:The satisfaction score with the training was high(mean score>4.3 for all items).The first-aid knowledge and attitude scores increased significantly after training(first-aid knowledge at baseline,14.90±7.63;immediately after training,20.70±5.72,P<0.001;and attitude at baseline,17.52±2.29;immediately after training,17.89±1.54,P<0.001).At 12 months after training,knowledge scores declined slightly compared with those immediately after training but remained above baseline(time effect P<0.001),whereas attitude scores remained stable(time effect P<0.001).Knowledge improvement was greater among middle-income participants and less among participants with lower levels of education,those in professional occupations,widowed individuals,or those who had previously received first-aid training.Attitude improvements were more pronounced among male participants,younger participants,and those in the agriculture or sales/service sectors.CONCLUSION:Community-based first-aid training improved public first-aid knowledge and attitude and was well received by participants.While knowledge levels declined somewhat over time,attitude remained relatively stable,highlighting the importance of continuous reinforcement training.Personalized reinforcement strategies may be particularly beneficial for individuals with lower levels of education,specific professional backgrounds,widowhood,or prior training experience to further enhance training effectiveness. 展开更多
关键词 First aid Knowledge Attitude Practice Training Longitudinal studies
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An efficient Eggplant1.6K liquid SNP chip for genetic analysis and marker-assisted selection in eggplant 认领 引用
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作者 Duanhua Wang Wenqiu Lin +7 位作者 Qingzhen Wei Qian Li Shuanghua Wu Tianxin Chen Heng Nie Chonglai Bao Jianguo Yang Xi-ou Xiao 《Horticultural Plant Journal》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2026年第2期489-492,共4页
Eggplant(Solanum melongena L.)is a globally important vegetable crop,renowned for its nutritional value and economic significance.It is abundant in bioactive compounds such as anthocyanins and chlorogenic acid,which h... Eggplant(Solanum melongena L.)is a globally important vegetable crop,renowned for its nutritional value and economic significance.It is abundant in bioactive compounds such as anthocyanins and chlorogenic acid,which have been associated with multiple health-promoting properties(Azuma et al.,2008;Gurbuz et al.,2018).Given its significant hybrid vigor,F1 hybrid varieties are widely preferred in commercial cultivation(Mistry et al.,2018).However,traditional breeding practices predominantly rely on phenotypic selection,a process that is not only labor-intensive but also time-consuming. 展开更多
关键词 eggplant phenotypic sel genetic analysis chlorogenic acidwhich bioactive compounds liquid SNP chip Solanum melongena breeding practices
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Adaptive fixed-time fuzzy fault-tolerant cooperative spiral-diving guidance law with initial state-independent prescribed performance 认领 引用
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作者 Tianyi WU Zheng WANG +2 位作者 Caisheng WEI Xin NING Zhansheng CHEN 《Chinese Journal of Aeronautics》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2026年第5期483-503,共21页
This paper proposes a novel performance guaranteed fixed-time fuzzy adaptive faulttolerant cooperative spiral-diving guidance law for a group of flight vehicles subject to system internal uncertainties,actuator faults... This paper proposes a novel performance guaranteed fixed-time fuzzy adaptive faulttolerant cooperative spiral-diving guidance law for a group of flight vehicles subject to system internal uncertainties,actuator faults,and external disturbances simultaneously.Firstly,based on the analysis of the spiral-diving terminal guidance process,a novel set of guidance dynamic equations,which is different from the traditional line-of-sight angle equations but suitable for the design of a cooperative spiral guidance law,is established.Thereafter,by designing a novel Initial StateIndependent Fixed-Time Prescribed Performance Function(ISIFTPPF),the time-to-go free virtual guidance law that can ensure prescribed performance in spite of any initial condition is developed to generate spiral maneuvers.Subsequently,the fixed-time adaptive guidance law based on the auxiliary subsystem is designed,ensuring that actuator saturation constraints can be satisfied and the unknown disturbances as well as actuator faults can be effectively handled.It should be noted that the proposed method is a low-complexity hierarchical spiral guidance scheme that can remarkably reduce the consumption of computational resources.Theoretical analysis illustrates that the closedloop system is practically fixed-time stable,and the tracking errors will converge within the pregiven boundaries.Finally,the effectiveness,superiority,and practical application potential of the proposed cooperative guidance method are demonstrated by several numerical simulations. 展开更多
关键词 Adaptive fuzzy faulttolerant Cooperative guidance Multiple constraints Multiple flight vehicles Practical fixed-time stability Spiral trajectories
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Construction of integrated robot measurement-machining experimental platform and its application in practical teaching 认领 引用
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作者 Wenlong Li Hanyu Zhang +4 位作者 Wei Xu Bo Tan Yuanlong Xie Xinyu Li Han Ding 《ENGINEERING Mechanical Engineering》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2026年第2期87-103,共17页
Robots have found extremely widespread applications in today’s manufacturing industry.Integrating practical experiments for robotic measurement-machining(RMM)is crucial for cultivating academic and applied engineerin... Robots have found extremely widespread applications in today’s manufacturing industry.Integrating practical experiments for robotic measurement-machining(RMM)is crucial for cultivating academic and applied engineering professionals in the field of intelligent manufacturing.In this regard,this study proposes an integrated RMM platform for practical training of professionals in robotics.The platform features key characteristics such as modularity,customization,and an open architecture,covering the entire process of RMM,providing students with a comprehensive perspective and enhancing their interest in both theoretical learning and professional skills.The platform achieves threefold objectives:First,it is an interdisciplinary subject that allows students to translate theoretical knowledge into real-world practice.Second,it fosters critical thinking among students and enhances their ability to solve practical problems.Third,it broadens students’horizons and motivates them to establish personal development goals through practical experience.Teaching practices have been conducted for undergraduate,graduate,and international students.The positive feedback and evaluations received confirm that this integrated RMM platform contributes to the cultivation of robotics professionals in higher engineering education. 展开更多
关键词 robot measurement-machining intelligent manufacturing 3D visual inspection practice training engineering education
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Macroaggregation positively impacts accumulation of organic nitrogen in an Aquic Inceptisol following straw incorporation 认领 引用
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作者 Xianfeng ZHANG Guocui REN +2 位作者 Xiuli XIN Wenliang YANG Anning ZHU 《Pedosphere》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2026年第3期818-829,共12页
Soil physical fractions(including aggregates and physical subfractions)and organic nitrogen(N)forms have been extensively studied,but the influence of soil N forms in physical fractions on soil organic N accumulation ... Soil physical fractions(including aggregates and physical subfractions)and organic nitrogen(N)forms have been extensively studied,but the influence of soil N forms in physical fractions on soil organic N accumulation remains unclear.In this study,an arable soil,belonging to an Aquic Inceptisol,was collected from a 5-year continuous straw management experiment to investigate the characteristics of organic N accumulation and its associations with soil aggregates and physical subfractions under contrasting management practices(straw incorporation vs.straw removal).We analyzed soil aggregate distribution,physical subfractions within macro-and microaggregates,and organic N fractions,including hydrolyzable ammonium N(HAN),amino sugar N(ASN),amino acid N(AAN),hydrolyzable unidentified N(HUN),and non-hydrolyzable N(NHN).The concentrations of soil total N and potentially mineralizable N were measured to assess soil N accumulation and availability,respectively.Compared with those under straw removal,the distributions of organic N fractions in bulk soil under straw incorporation were significantly increased:HAN by 50.9%,ASN by 12.6%,AAN by 10.2%,HUN by 57.4%,and NHN by 14.2%.Straw incorporation significantly increased the concentrations of total N and potentially mineralizable N.Path analysis suggested that different organic N fractions contributed variably to soil N accumulation and availability;NHN and HUN contributed the most to soil N accumulation,while HAN and HUN were the primary contributors to soil N availability.From the perspective of soil aggregation,straw incorporation increased the mass of macroaggregates by 11.2%,and macroaggregates exhibited higher accumulation efficiency and greater contributions to organic N fractions compared with microaggregates and the silt+clay fraction.Furthermore,the increase in each organic N fraction,particularly HAN,HUN,and NHN in fine intra-aggregate particulate organic matter,primarily accounted for the enhanced macroaggregate-associated organic N.The findings of this study highlight the positive effects of macroaggregation on N accumulation and availability in the tested Aquic Inceptisol following continuous straw incorporation. 展开更多
关键词 N accumulation organic N fraction physical subfraction potentially mineralizable N soil aggregate soil N availability straw management practice
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DR.ECC:a comprehensive multimodal electronic health record database for emergency and critical care in China 认领 引用
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作者 Chen Huang Chenghao Lu +20 位作者 Pengfei Shui Sicheng Hao Jie Yang Xi Hu Yang He Pengpeng Chen Hongliang Wu Hongjie Hu Huiqing Ge Tan Lyu Yi Sun Danyu Li Jiajie Huang Shuyu Zhan Dongpeng Li Lifeng Xing Fengfeng Yu Yi Fang Yiyu Zhuang Ning Liu Yucai Hong 《World Journal of Emergency Medicine》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2026年第3期265-268,共4页
High-quality clinical databases are essential for advancing research and clinical practice in emergency and critical care medicine.With the widespread adoption of Electronic Health Record(EHR)systems across hospitals ... High-quality clinical databases are essential for advancing research and clinical practice in emergency and critical care medicine.With the widespread adoption of Electronic Health Record(EHR)systems across hospitals in China,vast amounts of clinical information have been digitally archived.Emergency departments(EDs)and intensive care units(ICUs)represent critically datademanded environments. 展开更多
关键词 emergency departments electronic health record ehr systems intensive care units icus represent intensive care units clinical databases China advancing research clinical practice electronic health record
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Precision immunotherapy for breast cancer: from biomarkers to clinical practice 认领 引用
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作者 Jie Mei Kai Yang +2 位作者 Xinkang Zhang Xiang Huang Yongmei Yin 《Cancer Biology & Medicine》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2026年第3期320-326,共7页
The landscape of breast cancer treatment has undergone a transformative shift with the integration of immunotherapy.Historically considered a“cold”tumor with limited immunogenicity,breast cancer management was domin... The landscape of breast cancer treatment has undergone a transformative shift with the integration of immunotherapy.Historically considered a“cold”tumor with limited immunogenicity,breast cancer management was dominated by surgery,chemotherapy,radiotherapy,and targeted therapies1.However,the advent of immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)has challenged this paradigm,opening a new frontier.The initial breakthrough in triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC)demonstrated that a subset of patients could derive profound and durable clinical benefit from pembrolizumab and atezolizumab2,3.Today,precision immunotherapy aims to identify the patients most likely to respond,to convert immunologically silent tumors into responsive tumors,and to strategically combine immunotherapies with other modalities to overcome resistance.This evolution from empirical application to biomarker-driven strategies marks the critical juncture at which we stand,transitioning promising clinical trial data into refined,effective,and accessible clinical practice4.Recent key clinical studies on breast cancer immunotherapy are summarized in Table 1. 展开更多
关键词 clinical practice immune checkpoint inhibitors icis targeted therapies howeverthe breast cancer precision immunotherapy biomarkers triple negative breast cancer immune checkpoint inhibitors
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Editorial for the Special Issue on 6G:From Theory to Practice 认领 引用
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作者 Ping Zhang XueminShen Jianhua Zhang 《Engineering》 SCIE EI CSCD 2026年第1期1-2,共2页
Mobile communication is one of the most vibrant fields of global technological innovation.The International Telecommunication Union(ITU)released its"Framework and overall objectives of the future development of I... Mobile communication is one of the most vibrant fields of global technological innovation.The International Telecommunication Union(ITU)released its"Framework and overall objectives of the future development of IMT for 2030 and beyond"in June2023,defining the vision development,typical scenarios,and capability indicators of sixth-generation(6G)mobile networks.The international standardization organization 3rd Generation Partnership Project(3GPP)also initiated the formulation of their 6G Release 20(R20)in June 2023,marking the transition of global6G research from the conceptual discussion stage to that of technical practice.To accurately grasp 6G development trends and promote the advancement of 6G mobile networks,this special issue focuses on the latest research progress in 6G technology development,standard formulation,and engineering practice,based on our previous special issue titled 6G Requirements,Vision,and Enabling Technologies,published in 2022.The current special issue contains 13 papers. 展开更多
关键词 G engineering practice mobile communication rd generation partnership standard formulation international telecommunication union technological innovation GPP
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Pharmacists'awareness,readiness and practice on safe and sustainable pharmaceutical waste management:cross-sectional survey in Kuala Lumpur and Selangor,Malaysia 认领 引用
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作者 Binaya Sapkota Agamutu Pariatamby Hong Gee Lee 《Global Health Journal》 CAS 2026年第1期69-77,共9页
Objective:Pharmacists have a pivotal role in pharmaceutical waste management(PWM)but are still not completely aware of safe and sustainable PWM.This research is aimed to explore pharmacists'awareness,readiness and... Objective:Pharmacists have a pivotal role in pharmaceutical waste management(PWM)but are still not completely aware of safe and sustainable PWM.This research is aimed to explore pharmacists'awareness,readiness and practice(ARP)on PWM in Malaysia.Methods:A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 88 randomly selected Malaysian pharmacists in Kuala Lumpur and Selangor,Malaysia.One pharmacist was selected from each pharmacy randomly based on computergenerated sampling frame of pharmacies.Pharmacists having unused or expired medicines at their practice setups were included whereas those who were not willing to respond were excluded.The survey was conducted from May 2023 to September 2024 with a structured questionnaire.The content validity of instrument was ensured with seven experts,face validity was done among 5%respondents and reliability was assessed by Cronbach's alpha.Exploratory factor analysis was performed to identify most important factors among ARP constructs.Pearson's correlation and multiple linear regression were used to analyze correlation and statistical relationship among outcome and predictor variables considering,P<0.05 as statistically significant.Results:A total of 16(18.2%)pharmacists had good level of awareness,35(39.8%)had good readiness and 14(15.9%)had good practice level.Correlation values(i.e.,r-values)were positive but insignificant between awareness with readiness(r=0.016,P=0.884)and between awareness and practice(r=0.126,P=0.241)and positive cum significant between readiness and practice(r=0.590,P<0.001).The correlation analysis and regression models of ARP indicate that pharmacists may not always be ready to practice but readiness correlated with practice(r=0.590,P<0.001).Conclusion:In future,actionable levers such as making takeback mandatory through regulation,instituting reimbursement mechanism for operational costs of takeback or integrating pharmacies with existing takeback programs can be feasible within Malaysia's current health and waste governance structures. 展开更多
关键词 Awareness level Pharmaceutical waste Practice level Readiness level Takeback Malaysia
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A review on high performance MgB2wires:From material science to practical application 认领 引用
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作者 Chen Guo Dongliang Wang +1 位作者 Zizhao Gan Yanwei Ma 《Journal of Magnesium and Alloys》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2026年第6期5-22,共18页
MgB2has more than 2 decades of development since the discovery of its superconductivity.Thanks to its high transition temperature(Tc),low anisotropy,and absence of weak links at grain boundaries,etc.,MgB2was con... MgB2has more than 2 decades of development since the discovery of its superconductivity.Thanks to its high transition temperature(Tc),low anisotropy,and absence of weak links at grain boundaries,etc.,MgB2was considered as a promising material for superconducting applications at 20 K,low-field.This review gives a brief history of MgB2wires and tapes,covering key advancements up to the latest progress.The fundamental properties of MgB2are introduced at the beginning,including its crystal structure,superconducting characteristics,and notably its unique two-gap superconductivity.Then,an overview towards the development of high-performance MgB2wires and tapes is provided.First,it includes an introduction to the 1st-generation powder-in-tube(PIT)method and the second-generation internal magnesium diffusion(IMD)method,highlighting their respective advantages and limitations.Second,various strategies are summarized,which are proposed by different research groups worldwide to enhance Jc and Je of MgB2wires and tapes,such as chemical doping(e.g.,C,SiC,or Dy2O3doping)and process optimizations(e.g.,ball milling,deformation,or heat treatment).Finally,the progress in long PIT and IMD wires,as well as the development of MgB2superconducting joints,are being discussed.In terms of practical applications,numerous MgB2-based products developed by companies in the U.S.,China,Europe,etc.have been introduced.These include high-current MgB2cables(e.g.,Superconducting Links-SC Links),or large-scale MgB2magnets(e.g.,Magnetic Resonance Imaging-MRI).We believe that,in the near future,MgB2can partially replace NbTi wires in scalable applications,especially for helium-free superconducting magnets or cables.©2026 Chongqing University.Publishing services provided by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of KeAi Communications Co.Ltd.This is an open access article under the CC BY license(http://gffzzeb6f7f563f66445dhvnffc6xff0bp65wk.ffgz.tsg.suse.edu.cn/licenses/by/4.0/) 展开更多
关键词 MgB2superconductors High performance MgB2wires and tapes MgB2long wires MgB2superconducting joint Practical applications.
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Enhancing MPC methodology to system optimal control 认领 引用
19
作者 Shaoyuan Li Dewei Li +1 位作者 Yang Shi Xiaoming Hu 《Control Theory and Technology》 EI CSCD 2026年第2期171-172,共2页
The original intention of Model Predictive Control(MPC)was to bridge the gap between advanced control theories and the application of complex practical engineering systems.Since its emergence in the 1970s,it has been ... The original intention of Model Predictive Control(MPC)was to bridge the gap between advanced control theories and the application of complex practical engineering systems.Since its emergence in the 1970s,it has been one of the core technologies in the Advanced Process Control(APC)system.Owing to its receding horizon optimization mechanism and capability to handle constraints,MPC has consistently attracted attention from both academia and industry,and has been successfully applied in numerous industries such as petrochemicals,metallurgy,pharmaceuticals,electric power,water treatment,and power electronics.According to statistics from the International Federation of Automatic Control and industrial data,MPC has been deployed in some form in more than 50% of large-scale industrial control systems worldwide. 展开更多
关键词 model predictive control mpc Advanced Process Control advanced control theories System Optimal Control complex practical engineering systemssince receding horizon optimization mechanism advanced process control apc systemowing bridge gap
Advances in TROP2-targeted antibody-drug conjugates for breast cancer therapy: into the new era 认领 引用
20
作者 Kuikui Jiang Shusen Wang 《Cancer Biology & Medicine》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2026年第3期327-337,共11页
Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease stratified by hormone receptors(HRs)and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER2)status and each subtype has divergent therapeutic needs.Despite the current therapeutic ad... Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease stratified by hormone receptors(HRs)and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER2)status and each subtype has divergent therapeutic needs.Despite the current therapeutic advances,resistance to standard therapies remains pervasive,underscoring the demand for novel strategies.Antibody-drug conjugates(ADCs)offer a powerful strategy by combining tumor-specific antibodies to potent cytotoxins,enabling selective delivery and minimizing off-target toxicity1.TROP2,a transmembrane glycoprotein broadly overexpressed in breast cancer,has emerged as a promising ADC target.The approval of datopotamab deruxtecan(Dato-DXd)with sacituzumab govitecan(SG)and the incorporation of these ADCs into the National Comprehensive Cancer Network(NCCN)guidelines(v2.2025)highlight the fast penetration of TROP2 ADCs into clinical practice2.This editorial provides timely insights into optimizing TROP2-targeted strategies to improve outcomes across breast cancer subtypes. 展开更多
关键词 clinical practice selective delivery heterogeneity breast cancer antibody drug conjugates trop therapeutic strategies standard therapies
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