Drawing upon a Natural Resource-Based View(NRBV),this paper aims to propose a quantitative model that could be used to investigate whether Lean Manufacturing(LM)practicesools can improve the three aspects of corporate...Drawing upon a Natural Resource-Based View(NRBV),this paper aims to propose a quantitative model that could be used to investigate whether Lean Manufacturing(LM)practicesools can improve the three aspects of corporate sustainability performance(economic,environmental,and social).This paper is based on a theoretical study to develop a new model by reviewing the literature and proposing new ideas according to the Natural Resource-Based View(NRBV).Reviewing the literature showed that there is a significant association between LM practicesools implementation and the improvement on three aspects of corporate sustainability performance(economic,environmental,and social).This paper provides insights to manufacturing managers about the ability of LM practices to reduce cost of operations and maximize the value provided to customers.Further,it highlighted the importance of LM practices implementation to manage organizations’activities responsibly in terms of their environmental,social,and economic effects.By proposing such a quantitative model according to a NRBV,this study contributes to a broader understanding of how LM practices affect three pillars of sustainability.展开更多
The Resource-Based View(RBV)has been widely adopted to analyse multinational enterprises'(MNEs)competitive advantages through internal resources.However,its limitations in addressing external environmental factors...The Resource-Based View(RBV)has been widely adopted to analyse multinational enterprises'(MNEs)competitive advantages through internal resources.However,its limitations in addressing external environmental factors remain underexplored.This study critically evaluates RBV's applicability by examining Haagen-Dazs's paradoxical performance:its success in the U.S.market versus its struggles in China.Using the VRIO framework,we identify how sustainable advantages—such as brand culture and a direct operating model—drove U.S.dominance,while temporary advantages(e.g.,premium ingredients)failed in China due to local competition and market heterogeneity.Further analysis reveals that RBV overlooks critical external factors,including income disparities and competitive intensity,which significantly undermined Haagen-Dazs's Chinese strategy.Empirical data confirm that China's price-sensitive consumers and rising domestic brands reduced Haagen-Dazs's market share to 1%.The findings argue that MNEs must integrate macro-environmental analysis with RBV to navigate diverse markets.This research advances international business theory by bridging RBV's internal focus with external contingencies,offering strategic insights for MNEs expanding globally.展开更多
High temperatures negatively impact thermal comfort and public health.Understanding the relationship between urban morphology and thermal variation is crucial for mitigating excessive heat.In this study,we propose a f...High temperatures negatively impact thermal comfort and public health.Understanding the relationship between urban morphology and thermal variation is crucial for mitigating excessive heat.In this study,we propose a framework that uses the sky view factor(SVF),building view factor(BVF),and green view factor(GVF)to represent street-level spatial morphology,computed from Baidu street view images using semantic segmentation and fisheye transformation.The framework also integrates local climate zones(LCZs)classification with summer Landsat thermal data to explore the relationships between SVF,BVF,GVF,and intra-urban thermal variation.An empirical study is conducted in the core built-up area of Fuzhou.Key findings include:(1)Strong urban thermal intensity is characterized by high openness(SVFmean=0.60)and low vegetation(GVFmean=0.15).(2)In general,SVF(r=0.27)is positively associated with street thermal intensity,whereas BVF(r=-0.15)and GVF(r=-0.21)exhibit negative correlations,based on the entire study area.(3)Within LCZ classes(e.g.,LCZs 1-5),SVF(54.57%of the grids)is mostly positively correlated with temperature difference,while GVF(61.30%of the grids)is predominantly negatively correlated with temperature difference.(4)BVF shows the greatest uncertainty in its relationship with thermal variation,as it effectively quantifies exposure to heat-trapping building surfaces that dominate the local energy balance.The above findings imply that there is spatial heterogeneity in the relationship between view factors and intra-urban thermal variation.These results aid in developing street renewal strategies for urban heat mitigation.展开更多
The calculation of viewing and solar geometry angles is a critical first step in retrieving atmospheric and surface variables from geostationary satellite observations.Whereas the viewing angles for geostationary sate...The calculation of viewing and solar geometry angles is a critical first step in retrieving atmospheric and surface variables from geostationary satellite observations.Whereas the viewing angles for geostationary satellites are not timevarying,a primary source of inaccuracy in solar positioning is the use of a single timestamp.Since pixel scanning times can differ significantly across the field-of-view disk(e.g.,by approximately 13 min for Fengyun-4B),this practice leads to errors of up to±2°in solar zenith angle,which translates to±50 W m−2 in extraterrestrial irradiance;the errors in solar azimuth angle can exceed±100°.Beyond scanning time,this work also quantifies the impact of other inputs—including altitude,surface pressure,air temperature,difference between Terrestrial Time and Universal Time,and atmospheric refraction—on the resulting angles.A comparison of our precise calculations with the official National Satellite Meteorological Center L1_GEO product shows an accuracy within 0.1°,confirming its utility for most retrieval tasks.To facilitate higher precision when required,this work releases the corresponding satellite and solar positioning codes in both R and Python.展开更多
Photoacoustic computed tomography(PACT)integrates optical excitation with ultrasound detection to deliver high-resolution imaging in deep tissues.A persistent limitation is the restricted angular coverage in linear ar...Photoacoustic computed tomography(PACT)integrates optical excitation with ultrasound detection to deliver high-resolution imaging in deep tissues.A persistent limitation is the restricted angular coverage in linear array clinical systems,which results in image loss of vascular detail.Deep learning approaches have been investigated,yet models trained only on PACT data often fail to reconstruct vessels that are poorly represented due to incomplete angular sampling and low signal-to-noise ratio.A Doppler-enhanced photoacoustic network(DEPANet)is introduced that fuses co-registered ultrasound power Doppler with multiwavelength PACT to generate enhanced structural and functional images.Ultrasound power Doppler,less sensitive to the limited-view problem,is acquired interleaved and spatially co-registered with PACT without additional hardware modifications.Validation is conducted in simulations,phantoms,small animals,and a human feasibility study.In phantom experiments,DEPANet expands the effective angular coverage more than10-fold.In rats,DEPANet reconstructs obliquely oriented vessels,increases contrast-to-noise ratio by over7 dB,and stabilizes hemoglobin oxygenation estimates.In human anterior interosseous artery and superior thyroid vasculature imaging,DEPANet recovers vessel morphology and provides physiologically consistent blood oxygen saturation maps.These findings demonstrate that DEPANet enables high-quality vascular and functional imaging using standard linear-array PACT systems.展开更多
3D Gaussian splatting(3DGS)has gained significant attention for its real-time,photorealistic rendering in novel view synthesis.However,its performance degrades severely when applied to real-world scenes with transient...3D Gaussian splatting(3DGS)has gained significant attention for its real-time,photorealistic rendering in novel view synthesis.However,its performance degrades severely when applied to real-world scenes with transients that break cross-view consistency.Existing methods typically attempt to identify and mask out these transients,but inherent masking errors often leave behind incoherent floating Gaussians,resulting in spotted artifacts that degrade the final scene quality.To address these limitations,we propose CleanSplat,a curriculum structural Gaussian splatting method that purifies the scene Gaussians through curriculum 3DGS optimization for transient removal and structural pruning of spotted artifacts.We introduce a curriculum-guided masking paradigm that generates coarse-to-fine transient masks from multi-scale features.The progressive optimization is driven by modulating the masking supervision based on current training state.To clear the spots,we propose a structure-aware handling strategy that employs a superpoint graph(SPG)partitioning of the Gaussians to perform principled identification and hierarchical pruning.This allows for the filtering of both intra-superpoint outliers and entire spurious superpoints based on local 3D coherence instead of only simple photometric consistency.By integrating curriculum 3DGS optimization and structural pruning,our method effectively separates the transients and purifies the static scene Gaussians.Extensive experiments on challenging datasets demonstrate that CleanSplat significantly outperforms state-of-the-art methods,delivering more detailed and cleaner novel view synthesis.展开更多
Rotational computed laminography(CL)has broad application potential in three-dimensional imaging of plate-like objects because it only requires X-rays to pass through the tested object in the thickness direction durin...Rotational computed laminography(CL)has broad application potential in three-dimensional imaging of plate-like objects because it only requires X-rays to pass through the tested object in the thickness direction during the imaging process.In this study,a rectangular cross-section field-of-view rotational CL(RC-CL)is proposed for circuit board imaging.Compared to other rotational CL systems,the field of view is the largest and most suitable for rectangular circuit boards.Meanwhile,as the imaging geometry of RC-CL is significantly different from that of cone-beam CT,the Feldkamp-Davis-Kress(FDK)reconstruction algorithm cannot be used directly.However,transferring the projection data to fit into the CBCT geometry using two-dimensional interpolation introduces interpolation errors.Therefore,an FDK-type analytical reconstruction algorithm applicable to RC-CL was developed.The effectiveness of the method was validated through numerical experiments,and the influence of the tilt angle on the reconstruction results was analyzed.Finally,the RC-CL technique was applied to real defect detection research on circuit boards.展开更多
Open-vocabulary 3D querying based on 3D Gaussian splatting(3DGS)shows great promise in facilitating accurate 3D query capabilities of AI systems.These methods typically rely on pre-captured multi-view images to enable...Open-vocabulary 3D querying based on 3D Gaussian splatting(3DGS)shows great promise in facilitating accurate 3D query capabilities of AI systems.These methods typically rely on pre-captured multi-view images to enable natural language interactions with 3D scenes.In practice,when embodied AI encounters unexplored scenes,it is difficult to obtain observations from different viewpoints beforehand.This challenge highlights the importance of exploring natural language-driven 3D scene querying from a single current viewpoint.This paper proposes single view language Gaussian splatting(SVLGaussian)for the novel task:Open-vocabulary 3D querying based on the input single view.By leveraging multi-round inference of multimodal large language models,SVLGaussian efficiently generates pixel-level semantic probabilities and rapidly embeds them into a 3D Gaussian field,enabling real-time language-guided semantic querying.To verify our model,we annotated three datasets:Lerf_ovs and 3D-OVS,which are tailored for open-vocabulary 3D querying,and RE10K,which is adapted for single-view 3D reconstruction.Both quantitative and qualitative results show that our method effectively supports open-vocabulary 3D querying from a single view.展开更多
Waveguide technology stands as the cornerstone of augmented reality(AR)displays.The polarization volume grating(PVG),with strong refractive index modulation and distinctive polarization selectivity,has exhibited great...Waveguide technology stands as the cornerstone of augmented reality(AR)displays.The polarization volume grating(PVG),with strong refractive index modulation and distinctive polarization selectivity,has exhibited great potential to achieve the two core prerequisites[full-color vision and wide field of view(FOV)]of current wave-guide-based AR displays.However,the development of single-layer full-color PVG waveguides remains stagnant,primarily hindered by severe chromatic dispersion.展开更多
Non-line-of-sight(NLOS)imaging aims to reconstruct objects beyond line-of-sight view,offering potential applications in various fields.However,conventional transient NLOS methods are constrained by the detection regio...Non-line-of-sight(NLOS)imaging aims to reconstruct objects beyond line-of-sight view,offering potential applications in various fields.However,conventional transient NLOS methods are constrained by the detection region,preventing the reconstruction of targets outside its normal space and thereby limiting practical applicability.In this paper,a computational imaging method for super-field-of-view(Super-FoV)reconstruction based on spatial encoding of a translated point spread function(PSF)is proposed.展开更多
Monitoring cardiac function is a fundamental component of the diagnosis and management of critically ill patients.While pulmonary artery catheterization has long served as the standard for hemodynamic assessment,its i...Monitoring cardiac function is a fundamental component of the diagnosis and management of critically ill patients.While pulmonary artery catheterization has long served as the standard for hemodynamic assessment,its invasive nature and associated risks have shifted clinical practice toward non-invasive modalities.[1] Among these methods,point-of-care ultrasound(POCUS) has gained widespread acceptance,offering real-time bedside evaluation of cardiac function.展开更多
Background:Adolescents are highly exposed to digital food-related content,including mukbang videos,yet the psychological consequences of such exposure remain insufficiently understood.This study aimed to examine the a...Background:Adolescents are highly exposed to digital food-related content,including mukbang videos,yet the psychological consequences of such exposure remain insufficiently understood.This study aimed to examine the association between mukbang viewing and anxiety among adolescents and to investigate the mediating roles of high-caffeine beverages and sugar-sweetened beverages intake.Methods:Data from 51,850 adolescents were drawn from the 2022 Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey.Parallel mediation analyses were conducted using PROCESS Model 4 with 5000 bootstrap samples to assess whether the frequency of high-caffeine beverages and sugar-sweetened beverages consumption mediated the association between mukbang viewing and anxiety.Analyses were adjusted for academic record,household economic level,grade,and gender.Results:Mukbang viewing was positively associated with anxiety(p<0.001).Watching mukbang significantly predicted higher high-caffeine beverages(B=0.0363,p<0.001)and sugar-sweetened beverages(B=0.0663,p<0.001).In the mediation model,both high-caffeine beverages intake(B=0.4064,p<0.001)and sugar-sweetened beverages intake(B=0.2457,p<0.001)were significantly associated with increased anxiety.The total effect of mukbang viewing on anxiety was significant(B=0.1053),with both a direct effect(B=0.0743)and a significant indirect effect through the two mediators(B=0.0311).Bootstrapped confidence intervals confirmed significant indirect pathways via high-caffeine beverages(B=0.0148,95%CI[0.0120,0.0175])and sugar-sweetened beverages(B=0.0163,95%CI[0.0136,0.0192]).Conclusions:Mukbang viewing is associated with higher anxiety among adolescents,and this relationship is partially mediated by increased high-caffeine beverages and sugar-sweetened beverages intake.These findings suggest that dietary behaviors represent important behavioral pathways linking digital food content exposure to adolescent mental health.展开更多
BACKGROUND Situs inversus totalis(SIT)is a rare congenital anomaly characterized by complete mirror-image transposition of thoracic and abdominal organs.The presence of gallstone disease in these patients represents a...BACKGROUND Situs inversus totalis(SIT)is a rare congenital anomaly characterized by complete mirror-image transposition of thoracic and abdominal organs.The presence of gallstone disease in these patients represents a diagnostic and technical challenge,particularly when laparoscopic cholecystectomy is indicated.CASE SUMMARY We report two cases of symptomatic gallstone disease in patients with SIT.The first case involved a 27-year-old female diagnosed with cholelithiasis following radiological evaluation,while the second case involved a 45-year-old male presenting with cholelithiasis and choledocholithiasis requiring preoperative endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography.Cases were identified retrospectively from institutional surgical records.Data were collected from clinical charts,imaging studies,operative reports,and follow-up visits.In both patients,laparoscopic cholecystectomy was successfully performed using a mirror-image port placement strategy.No intraoperative or postoperative complications occurred,and both patients were discharged on the first postoperative day.CONCLUSION Laparoscopic cholecystectomy in patients with SIT is safe and feasible when meticulous preoperative imaging and careful adaptation of surgical technique are employed.Awareness of mirror-image anatomy and strict adherence to the critical view of safety are essential to minimize the risk of iatrogenic injury.展开更多
With holism,dynamics,interconnectedness,and emergence as its core characteristics,the Unified Complex Systems Theory(UCST)focuses on the evolutionary laws and intrinsic mechanisms of multi-element,multi-level,and mult...With holism,dynamics,interconnectedness,and emergence as its core characteristics,the Unified Complex Systems Theory(UCST)focuses on the evolutionary laws and intrinsic mechanisms of multi-element,multi-level,and multi-dimensional systems,providing a scientific analytical framework for accurately judging the existence and development of various complex phenomena.The core philosophical views of Marx and Engels,including historical materialism,dialectics,alienation theory,and communism theory,have sparked extensive debates since their proposal-garnering numerous adherents while also facing sharp criticisms-and continue to exert a certain influence on the global intellectual and political arenas.Based on the perspective of the UCST,this paper draws on both the interpretations and developments of their views by proponents such as Lenin,Lukács,and Habermas,as well as the doubts and reflections raised by critics like Popper,Russell,and Hayek.From the dual dimensions of theoretical logic and practical verification,it comprehensively analyzes the theoretical value and inherent limitations of Marx and Engels’core philosophical views.Incorporating practical cases from multiple countries and academic research findings,this study aims to provide a neutral,objective,and pluralistic reference for the rational understanding of Marxist philosophy.展开更多
This paper develops a conceptual model and an indicator system for measuring economic resilience of resource-based cities based on the theory of evolutionary resilience and the related concepts of persistence, adaptat...This paper develops a conceptual model and an indicator system for measuring economic resilience of resource-based cities based on the theory of evolutionary resilience and the related concepts of persistence, adaptation, and transformation. Nineteen resource-based cities in Northeast China were analyzed using the indicator system. The results showed that Liaoning and Jilin provinces had higher economic resilience than Heilongjiang Province. Panjin, Benxi, and Anshan in Liaoning Province were the top three cities, while Shuangyashan and other coal-based cities in Heilongjiang Province ranked last. Metals-and petroleum-based cities had significantly higher resilience than coal-based cities. The differences in persistence, adaptability, transformation, and resilience among resource-based cities decreased since the introduction of the Northeast Revitalization Strategy in 2003. Forestry-based cities improved the most in terms of resilience, followed by metals-based and multiple-resource cities; however, resilience dropped for coal-based cities, and petroleum-based cities falling the most. The findings illustrate the importance and the way to develop a differentiated approach to improve resilience among resource-based cities.展开更多
Green transformation is an unavoidable choice for resource-based cities(RBCs)that face resource depletion and environmental pollution.Existing research has focused primarily on specific RBCs,making it challenging to a...Green transformation is an unavoidable choice for resource-based cities(RBCs)that face resource depletion and environmental pollution.Existing research has focused primarily on specific RBCs,making it challenging to apply green transformation strategies universally across cities.The fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis(fsQCA)is a combination of qualitative and quantitative analyses that can handle multiple concurrent causality problems and determine how different conditions combine into configurations and generate an outcome.Thus,to address this gap,in this study,we established a research framework for green transformation and utilized the fsQCA to examine the configurations of 113 RBCs in China.By incorporating the element of time,this study explored the dynamic evolution of solutions in 2013,2016,and 2019.The main findings indicate that individual elements do not constitute the necessary conditions for improving the green transformation efficiency(GTE),and the systematic combination of multiple conditions is an effective path for realizing the improvement of the GTE in RBCs.Green transformation paths of RBCs exhibit the same destination through different paths.Additionally,the combination of system environment elements and system structure elements is both complementary and alternative.Differences in RBCs have led to various factor combinations and development paths,but there are some similarities in the key elements of the factor combinations at different stages.Economic environment,government support,and technological innovation are key factors that universally enhance the GTE in RBCs.These insights can assist city managers in formulating policies to drive green transformation and contribute to a better theoretical understanding of green transformation paths in RBCs.展开更多
Countries face the risk of natural resource curse because of making their economic growth excessively dependent on natural resources.Although excessive resource dependence causes such a risk,it is inevitable that reso...Countries face the risk of natural resource curse because of making their economic growth excessively dependent on natural resources.Although excessive resource dependence causes such a risk,it is inevitable that resource-rich countries will need resource rent up to a certain level of economic maturity.On the other hand,transferring the wealth achieved after this maturity level to productive investment areas also reduces the resource dependency levels of countries.In this context,countries that capture the possible inverted U-shaped relationship between economic growth and resource dependence can escape the curse.Based on this,the aim of this research is to determine the validity of the Kuznets type relationship between resource dependence and economic growth for the first time in the literature.Nine nations that rely heavily on natural resources are used as a sample for this.The countries with a share of total resource rent in national revenue greater than 25%are taken into consideration throughout the selection process for these countries.Using novel panel data methodologies,the effects of capital accumulation,public spending,foreign direct investment,and economic growth on the dependence on natural resources is examined from 1993 to 2021.The results reveal that capital accumulation reduces resource dependency while foreign investments and government size increases it.In addition,the Resource-Based Kuznets curve concept is supported by empirical data demonstrating an inverted-U-shaped relationship between economic growth and resource dependence for these nations.The thresholds derived from the parameters show that Saudi Arabia and Kazakhstan are well beyond this cutoff.The Democratic Republic of the Congo and the Republic of the Congo,on the other hand,remain a long way from this threshold.Furthermore,Iraq,Mongolia,Iran,and Azerbaijan have national incomes that are close at the threshold.展开更多
Urban environments offer a wealth of opportunities for residents to respite from their hectic life.Outdoor running or jogging becomes increasingly popular of an option.Impacts of urban environments on outdoor running,...Urban environments offer a wealth of opportunities for residents to respite from their hectic life.Outdoor running or jogging becomes increasingly popular of an option.Impacts of urban environments on outdoor running,despite some initial studies,remain underexplored.This study aims to establish an analytical framework that can holistically assess the urban environment on the healthy vitality of running.The proposed framework is applied to two modern Chinese cities,i.e.,Guangzhou and Shenzhen.We construct three interpretable random forest models to explore the non-linear relationship between environmental variables and running intensity(RI)through analyzing the runners'trajectories and integrating with multi-source urban big data(e.g.,street view imagery,remote sensing,and socio-economic data)across the built,natural,and social dimensions,The findings uncover that road density has the greatest impact on RI,and social variables(e.g.,population density and housing price)and natural variables(e.g.,slope and humidity)all make notable impact on outdoor running.Despite these findings,the impact of environmental variables likely change across different regions due to disparate regional construction and micro-environments,and those specific impacts as well as optimal thresholds also alter.Therefore,construction of healthy cities should take the whole urban environment into account and adapt to local conditions.This study provides a comprehensive evaluation on the influencing variables of healthy vitality and guides sustainable urban planning for creating running-friendly cities.展开更多
In recent years,with the rapid development of software systems,the continuous expansion of software scale and the increasing complexity of systems have led to the emergence of a growing number of software metrics.Defe...In recent years,with the rapid development of software systems,the continuous expansion of software scale and the increasing complexity of systems have led to the emergence of a growing number of software metrics.Defect prediction methods based on software metric elements highly rely on software metric data.However,redundant software metric data is not conducive to efficient defect prediction,posing severe challenges to current software defect prediction tasks.To address these issues,this paper focuses on the rational clustering of software metric data.Firstly,multiple software projects are evaluated to determine the preset number of clusters for software metrics,and various clustering methods are employed to cluster the metric elements.Subsequently,a co-occurrence matrix is designed to comprehensively quantify the number of times that metrics appear in the same category.Based on the comprehensive results,the software metric data are divided into two semantic views containing different metrics,thereby analyzing the semantic information behind the software metrics.On this basis,this paper also conducts an in-depth analysis of the impact of different semantic view of metrics on defect prediction results,as well as the performance of various classification models under these semantic views.Experiments show that the joint use of the two semantic views can significantly improve the performance of models in software defect prediction,providing a new understanding and approach at the semantic view level for defect prediction research based on software metrics.展开更多
A key target of the overall strategy implementation for regional development since the 18th Party Congress of China has involved taking measures to narrow regional disparities. This is because resource-based cities...A key target of the overall strategy implementation for regional development since the 18th Party Congress of China has involved taking measures to narrow regional disparities. This is because resource-based cities' economic development has fallen below general levels due to resource exhaustion and an unbalanced industrial structure, among other factors. Further, an economic gap has long existed between Northeast China's large number of resource-based cities and non-resource-based cities. This article comprehensively studies the economic convergence of Northeast China's resource-based cities and non-resource-based cities from 1996 to 2015 by using a dynamic panel to analyze not only the economic development of different industries and types of cities, but also the main factors that influence economic development. The empirical results demonstrate that economic convergence exists in both resource-based and non-resource-based cities, but the economic gap between them has clearly narrowed since the implementation of a strategy to revitalize the Northeast's old industrial base. Shrinking cities are the fastest to converge, as mature cities are slower and regenerating cities are the slowest; regarding industry structure, the secondary industry dominates the economy in mature and shrinking cities, and the tertiary industry in regenerating cities. The primary stimulus in resource-based cities' economic development involves upgrading the industrial structure and investing in human capital. As China faces a ‘new normal' economy, resource-based cities in Northeast China should restructure the economy and perfect their market system to avoid again widening the economic gap.展开更多
摘要Drawing upon a Natural Resource-Based View(NRBV),this paper aims to propose a quantitative model that could be used to investigate whether Lean Manufacturing(LM)practicesools can improve the three aspects of corporate sustainability performance(economic,environmental,and social).This paper is based on a theoretical study to develop a new model by reviewing the literature and proposing new ideas according to the Natural Resource-Based View(NRBV).Reviewing the literature showed that there is a significant association between LM practicesools implementation and the improvement on three aspects of corporate sustainability performance(economic,environmental,and social).This paper provides insights to manufacturing managers about the ability of LM practices to reduce cost of operations and maximize the value provided to customers.Further,it highlighted the importance of LM practices implementation to manage organizations’activities responsibly in terms of their environmental,social,and economic effects.By proposing such a quantitative model according to a NRBV,this study contributes to a broader understanding of how LM practices affect three pillars of sustainability.
摘要The Resource-Based View(RBV)has been widely adopted to analyse multinational enterprises'(MNEs)competitive advantages through internal resources.However,its limitations in addressing external environmental factors remain underexplored.This study critically evaluates RBV's applicability by examining Haagen-Dazs's paradoxical performance:its success in the U.S.market versus its struggles in China.Using the VRIO framework,we identify how sustainable advantages—such as brand culture and a direct operating model—drove U.S.dominance,while temporary advantages(e.g.,premium ingredients)failed in China due to local competition and market heterogeneity.Further analysis reveals that RBV overlooks critical external factors,including income disparities and competitive intensity,which significantly undermined Haagen-Dazs's Chinese strategy.Empirical data confirm that China's price-sensitive consumers and rising domestic brands reduced Haagen-Dazs's market share to 1%.The findings argue that MNEs must integrate macro-environmental analysis with RBV to navigate diverse markets.This research advances international business theory by bridging RBV's internal focus with external contingencies,offering strategic insights for MNEs expanding globally.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42371482)。
摘要High temperatures negatively impact thermal comfort and public health.Understanding the relationship between urban morphology and thermal variation is crucial for mitigating excessive heat.In this study,we propose a framework that uses the sky view factor(SVF),building view factor(BVF),and green view factor(GVF)to represent street-level spatial morphology,computed from Baidu street view images using semantic segmentation and fisheye transformation.The framework also integrates local climate zones(LCZs)classification with summer Landsat thermal data to explore the relationships between SVF,BVF,GVF,and intra-urban thermal variation.An empirical study is conducted in the core built-up area of Fuzhou.Key findings include:(1)Strong urban thermal intensity is characterized by high openness(SVFmean=0.60)and low vegetation(GVFmean=0.15).(2)In general,SVF(r=0.27)is positively associated with street thermal intensity,whereas BVF(r=-0.15)and GVF(r=-0.21)exhibit negative correlations,based on the entire study area.(3)Within LCZ classes(e.g.,LCZs 1-5),SVF(54.57%of the grids)is mostly positively correlated with temperature difference,while GVF(61.30%of the grids)is predominantly negatively correlated with temperature difference.(4)BVF shows the greatest uncertainty in its relationship with thermal variation,as it effectively quantifies exposure to heat-trapping building surfaces that dominate the local energy balance.The above findings imply that there is spatial heterogeneity in the relationship between view factors and intra-urban thermal variation.These results aid in developing street renewal strategies for urban heat mitigation.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42375192).
摘要The calculation of viewing and solar geometry angles is a critical first step in retrieving atmospheric and surface variables from geostationary satellite observations.Whereas the viewing angles for geostationary satellites are not timevarying,a primary source of inaccuracy in solar positioning is the use of a single timestamp.Since pixel scanning times can differ significantly across the field-of-view disk(e.g.,by approximately 13 min for Fengyun-4B),this practice leads to errors of up to±2°in solar zenith angle,which translates to±50 W m−2 in extraterrestrial irradiance;the errors in solar azimuth angle can exceed±100°.Beyond scanning time,this work also quantifies the impact of other inputs—including altitude,surface pressure,air temperature,difference between Terrestrial Time and Universal Time,and atmospheric refraction—on the resulting angles.A comparison of our precise calculations with the official National Satellite Meteorological Center L1_GEO product shows an accuracy within 0.1°,confirming its utility for most retrieval tasks.To facilitate higher precision when required,this work releases the corresponding satellite and solar positioning codes in both R and Python.
基金supported by the Research Grants Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region(Grant No.11104922)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.61805102)。
摘要Photoacoustic computed tomography(PACT)integrates optical excitation with ultrasound detection to deliver high-resolution imaging in deep tissues.A persistent limitation is the restricted angular coverage in linear array clinical systems,which results in image loss of vascular detail.Deep learning approaches have been investigated,yet models trained only on PACT data often fail to reconstruct vessels that are poorly represented due to incomplete angular sampling and low signal-to-noise ratio.A Doppler-enhanced photoacoustic network(DEPANet)is introduced that fuses co-registered ultrasound power Doppler with multiwavelength PACT to generate enhanced structural and functional images.Ultrasound power Doppler,less sensitive to the limited-view problem,is acquired interleaved and spatially co-registered with PACT without additional hardware modifications.Validation is conducted in simulations,phantoms,small animals,and a human feasibility study.In phantom experiments,DEPANet expands the effective angular coverage more than10-fold.In rats,DEPANet reconstructs obliquely oriented vessels,increases contrast-to-noise ratio by over7 dB,and stabilizes hemoglobin oxygenation estimates.In human anterior interosseous artery and superior thyroid vasculature imaging,DEPANet recovers vessel morphology and provides physiologically consistent blood oxygen saturation maps.These findings demonstrate that DEPANet enables high-quality vascular and functional imaging using standard linear-array PACT systems.
基金Supported by Science and Technology Project of Hainan Provincial Department of Transportation(Grant No.HNJTT-KXC-2024-3-22-02)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.62272018,62206184).
摘要3D Gaussian splatting(3DGS)has gained significant attention for its real-time,photorealistic rendering in novel view synthesis.However,its performance degrades severely when applied to real-world scenes with transients that break cross-view consistency.Existing methods typically attempt to identify and mask out these transients,but inherent masking errors often leave behind incoherent floating Gaussians,resulting in spotted artifacts that degrade the final scene quality.To address these limitations,we propose CleanSplat,a curriculum structural Gaussian splatting method that purifies the scene Gaussians through curriculum 3DGS optimization for transient removal and structural pruning of spotted artifacts.We introduce a curriculum-guided masking paradigm that generates coarse-to-fine transient masks from multi-scale features.The progressive optimization is driven by modulating the masking supervision based on current training state.To clear the spots,we propose a structure-aware handling strategy that employs a superpoint graph(SPG)partitioning of the Gaussians to perform principled identification and hierarchical pruning.This allows for the filtering of both intra-superpoint outliers and entire spurious superpoints based on local 3D coherence instead of only simple photometric consistency.By integrating curriculum 3DGS optimization and structural pruning,our method effectively separates the transients and purifies the static scene Gaussians.Extensive experiments on challenging datasets demonstrate that CleanSplat significantly outperforms state-of-the-art methods,delivering more detailed and cleaner novel view synthesis.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFF0607802)。
摘要Rotational computed laminography(CL)has broad application potential in three-dimensional imaging of plate-like objects because it only requires X-rays to pass through the tested object in the thickness direction during the imaging process.In this study,a rectangular cross-section field-of-view rotational CL(RC-CL)is proposed for circuit board imaging.Compared to other rotational CL systems,the field of view is the largest and most suitable for rectangular circuit boards.Meanwhile,as the imaging geometry of RC-CL is significantly different from that of cone-beam CT,the Feldkamp-Davis-Kress(FDK)reconstruction algorithm cannot be used directly.However,transferring the projection data to fit into the CBCT geometry using two-dimensional interpolation introduces interpolation errors.Therefore,an FDK-type analytical reconstruction algorithm applicable to RC-CL was developed.The effectiveness of the method was validated through numerical experiments,and the influence of the tilt angle on the reconstruction results was analyzed.Finally,the RC-CL technique was applied to real defect detection research on circuit boards.
基金supported by the Key Research and Development Program of Zhejiang Province(Grant No.2025C01026)the National College Students Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China(Grant No.202410336024)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.62206082,62402152,62472133 and 62422204)the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(Grant Nos.LDT23F02025F02,LQN25F020017 and LRG26F020001)。
摘要Open-vocabulary 3D querying based on 3D Gaussian splatting(3DGS)shows great promise in facilitating accurate 3D query capabilities of AI systems.These methods typically rely on pre-captured multi-view images to enable natural language interactions with 3D scenes.In practice,when embodied AI encounters unexplored scenes,it is difficult to obtain observations from different viewpoints beforehand.This challenge highlights the importance of exploring natural language-driven 3D scene querying from a single current viewpoint.This paper proposes single view language Gaussian splatting(SVLGaussian)for the novel task:Open-vocabulary 3D querying based on the input single view.By leveraging multi-round inference of multimodal large language models,SVLGaussian efficiently generates pixel-level semantic probabilities and rapidly embeds them into a 3D Gaussian field,enabling real-time language-guided semantic querying.To verify our model,we annotated three datasets:Lerf_ovs and 3D-OVS,which are tailored for open-vocabulary 3D querying,and RE10K,which is adapted for single-view 3D reconstruction.Both quantitative and qualitative results show that our method effectively supports open-vocabulary 3D querying from a single view.
基金Advanced Materials-National Science and Technology Major Project(2025ZD0616000)National Natural Science Foundation of China(62575070,62175032,U25A20522,12534017)+2 种基金Natural Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of Fujian Province(2024J010046)Fujian Provincial Foreign Cooperation Project(2025I1002)Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Commission(KJZD20240903103807010)。
摘要Waveguide technology stands as the cornerstone of augmented reality(AR)displays.The polarization volume grating(PVG),with strong refractive index modulation and distinctive polarization selectivity,has exhibited great potential to achieve the two core prerequisites[full-color vision and wide field of view(FOV)]of current wave-guide-based AR displays.However,the development of single-layer full-color PVG waveguides remains stagnant,primarily hindered by severe chromatic dispersion.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(62427803,62031018,U23A20283)Jiangsu Provincial Key Research and Development Program(BE2022391)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(30924010812)。
摘要Non-line-of-sight(NLOS)imaging aims to reconstruct objects beyond line-of-sight view,offering potential applications in various fields.However,conventional transient NLOS methods are constrained by the detection region,preventing the reconstruction of targets outside its normal space and thereby limiting practical applicability.In this paper,a computational imaging method for super-field-of-view(Super-FoV)reconstruction based on spatial encoding of a translated point spread function(PSF)is proposed.
摘要Monitoring cardiac function is a fundamental component of the diagnosis and management of critically ill patients.While pulmonary artery catheterization has long served as the standard for hemodynamic assessment,its invasive nature and associated risks have shifted clinical practice toward non-invasive modalities.[1] Among these methods,point-of-care ultrasound(POCUS) has gained widespread acceptance,offering real-time bedside evaluation of cardiac function.
摘要Background:Adolescents are highly exposed to digital food-related content,including mukbang videos,yet the psychological consequences of such exposure remain insufficiently understood.This study aimed to examine the association between mukbang viewing and anxiety among adolescents and to investigate the mediating roles of high-caffeine beverages and sugar-sweetened beverages intake.Methods:Data from 51,850 adolescents were drawn from the 2022 Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey.Parallel mediation analyses were conducted using PROCESS Model 4 with 5000 bootstrap samples to assess whether the frequency of high-caffeine beverages and sugar-sweetened beverages consumption mediated the association between mukbang viewing and anxiety.Analyses were adjusted for academic record,household economic level,grade,and gender.Results:Mukbang viewing was positively associated with anxiety(p<0.001).Watching mukbang significantly predicted higher high-caffeine beverages(B=0.0363,p<0.001)and sugar-sweetened beverages(B=0.0663,p<0.001).In the mediation model,both high-caffeine beverages intake(B=0.4064,p<0.001)and sugar-sweetened beverages intake(B=0.2457,p<0.001)were significantly associated with increased anxiety.The total effect of mukbang viewing on anxiety was significant(B=0.1053),with both a direct effect(B=0.0743)and a significant indirect effect through the two mediators(B=0.0311).Bootstrapped confidence intervals confirmed significant indirect pathways via high-caffeine beverages(B=0.0148,95%CI[0.0120,0.0175])and sugar-sweetened beverages(B=0.0163,95%CI[0.0136,0.0192]).Conclusions:Mukbang viewing is associated with higher anxiety among adolescents,and this relationship is partially mediated by increased high-caffeine beverages and sugar-sweetened beverages intake.These findings suggest that dietary behaviors represent important behavioral pathways linking digital food content exposure to adolescent mental health.
摘要BACKGROUND Situs inversus totalis(SIT)is a rare congenital anomaly characterized by complete mirror-image transposition of thoracic and abdominal organs.The presence of gallstone disease in these patients represents a diagnostic and technical challenge,particularly when laparoscopic cholecystectomy is indicated.CASE SUMMARY We report two cases of symptomatic gallstone disease in patients with SIT.The first case involved a 27-year-old female diagnosed with cholelithiasis following radiological evaluation,while the second case involved a 45-year-old male presenting with cholelithiasis and choledocholithiasis requiring preoperative endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography.Cases were identified retrospectively from institutional surgical records.Data were collected from clinical charts,imaging studies,operative reports,and follow-up visits.In both patients,laparoscopic cholecystectomy was successfully performed using a mirror-image port placement strategy.No intraoperative or postoperative complications occurred,and both patients were discharged on the first postoperative day.CONCLUSION Laparoscopic cholecystectomy in patients with SIT is safe and feasible when meticulous preoperative imaging and careful adaptation of surgical technique are employed.Awareness of mirror-image anatomy and strict adherence to the critical view of safety are essential to minimize the risk of iatrogenic injury.
基金supported by the start-up funding from Westlake University under Grant Number 041030150118the scientific research project of Westlake University“Theoretical Research and Demonstration Application of Complex Systems and Deep-Sea Technology(Phase I)”under Grant Number WU2025A006.
摘要With holism,dynamics,interconnectedness,and emergence as its core characteristics,the Unified Complex Systems Theory(UCST)focuses on the evolutionary laws and intrinsic mechanisms of multi-element,multi-level,and multi-dimensional systems,providing a scientific analytical framework for accurately judging the existence and development of various complex phenomena.The core philosophical views of Marx and Engels,including historical materialism,dialectics,alienation theory,and communism theory,have sparked extensive debates since their proposal-garnering numerous adherents while also facing sharp criticisms-and continue to exert a certain influence on the global intellectual and political arenas.Based on the perspective of the UCST,this paper draws on both the interpretations and developments of their views by proponents such as Lenin,Lukács,and Habermas,as well as the doubts and reflections raised by critics like Popper,Russell,and Hayek.From the dual dimensions of theoretical logic and practical verification,it comprehensively analyzes the theoretical value and inherent limitations of Marx and Engels’core philosophical views.Incorporating practical cases from multiple countries and academic research findings,this study aims to provide a neutral,objective,and pluralistic reference for the rational understanding of Marxist philosophy.
基金Under the auspices of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41571152,41201160,41601124,41201159,71541021)the Knowledge Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.KSZD-EW-Z-021)the Key Consulting Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.Y02015005)
摘要This paper develops a conceptual model and an indicator system for measuring economic resilience of resource-based cities based on the theory of evolutionary resilience and the related concepts of persistence, adaptation, and transformation. Nineteen resource-based cities in Northeast China were analyzed using the indicator system. The results showed that Liaoning and Jilin provinces had higher economic resilience than Heilongjiang Province. Panjin, Benxi, and Anshan in Liaoning Province were the top three cities, while Shuangyashan and other coal-based cities in Heilongjiang Province ranked last. Metals-and petroleum-based cities had significantly higher resilience than coal-based cities. The differences in persistence, adaptability, transformation, and resilience among resource-based cities decreased since the introduction of the Northeast Revitalization Strategy in 2003. Forestry-based cities improved the most in terms of resilience, followed by metals-based and multiple-resource cities; however, resilience dropped for coal-based cities, and petroleum-based cities falling the most. The findings illustrate the importance and the way to develop a differentiated approach to improve resilience among resource-based cities.
基金supported by the Chongqing Social Science Planning Fund,China(2023BS034)the Science and Technology Project of Chongqing Jiaotong University,China(F1230069).
摘要Green transformation is an unavoidable choice for resource-based cities(RBCs)that face resource depletion and environmental pollution.Existing research has focused primarily on specific RBCs,making it challenging to apply green transformation strategies universally across cities.The fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis(fsQCA)is a combination of qualitative and quantitative analyses that can handle multiple concurrent causality problems and determine how different conditions combine into configurations and generate an outcome.Thus,to address this gap,in this study,we established a research framework for green transformation and utilized the fsQCA to examine the configurations of 113 RBCs in China.By incorporating the element of time,this study explored the dynamic evolution of solutions in 2013,2016,and 2019.The main findings indicate that individual elements do not constitute the necessary conditions for improving the green transformation efficiency(GTE),and the systematic combination of multiple conditions is an effective path for realizing the improvement of the GTE in RBCs.Green transformation paths of RBCs exhibit the same destination through different paths.Additionally,the combination of system environment elements and system structure elements is both complementary and alternative.Differences in RBCs have led to various factor combinations and development paths,but there are some similarities in the key elements of the factor combinations at different stages.Economic environment,government support,and technological innovation are key factors that universally enhance the GTE in RBCs.These insights can assist city managers in formulating policies to drive green transformation and contribute to a better theoretical understanding of green transformation paths in RBCs.
摘要Countries face the risk of natural resource curse because of making their economic growth excessively dependent on natural resources.Although excessive resource dependence causes such a risk,it is inevitable that resource-rich countries will need resource rent up to a certain level of economic maturity.On the other hand,transferring the wealth achieved after this maturity level to productive investment areas also reduces the resource dependency levels of countries.In this context,countries that capture the possible inverted U-shaped relationship between economic growth and resource dependence can escape the curse.Based on this,the aim of this research is to determine the validity of the Kuznets type relationship between resource dependence and economic growth for the first time in the literature.Nine nations that rely heavily on natural resources are used as a sample for this.The countries with a share of total resource rent in national revenue greater than 25%are taken into consideration throughout the selection process for these countries.Using novel panel data methodologies,the effects of capital accumulation,public spending,foreign direct investment,and economic growth on the dependence on natural resources is examined from 1993 to 2021.The results reveal that capital accumulation reduces resource dependency while foreign investments and government size increases it.In addition,the Resource-Based Kuznets curve concept is supported by empirical data demonstrating an inverted-U-shaped relationship between economic growth and resource dependence for these nations.The thresholds derived from the parameters show that Saudi Arabia and Kazakhstan are well beyond this cutoff.The Democratic Republic of the Congo and the Republic of the Congo,on the other hand,remain a long way from this threshold.Furthermore,Iraq,Mongolia,Iran,and Azerbaijan have national incomes that are close at the threshold.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.42171455The Hong Kong RGC Research Impact Fund,No.R5011-23The Hong Kong General Research Fund,No.15204121。
摘要Urban environments offer a wealth of opportunities for residents to respite from their hectic life.Outdoor running or jogging becomes increasingly popular of an option.Impacts of urban environments on outdoor running,despite some initial studies,remain underexplored.This study aims to establish an analytical framework that can holistically assess the urban environment on the healthy vitality of running.The proposed framework is applied to two modern Chinese cities,i.e.,Guangzhou and Shenzhen.We construct three interpretable random forest models to explore the non-linear relationship between environmental variables and running intensity(RI)through analyzing the runners'trajectories and integrating with multi-source urban big data(e.g.,street view imagery,remote sensing,and socio-economic data)across the built,natural,and social dimensions,The findings uncover that road density has the greatest impact on RI,and social variables(e.g.,population density and housing price)and natural variables(e.g.,slope and humidity)all make notable impact on outdoor running.Despite these findings,the impact of environmental variables likely change across different regions due to disparate regional construction and micro-environments,and those specific impacts as well as optimal thresholds also alter.Therefore,construction of healthy cities should take the whole urban environment into account and adapt to local conditions.This study provides a comprehensive evaluation on the influencing variables of healthy vitality and guides sustainable urban planning for creating running-friendly cities.
基金supported by the CCF-NSFOCUS‘Kunpeng’Research Fund(CCF-NSFOCUS2024012).
摘要In recent years,with the rapid development of software systems,the continuous expansion of software scale and the increasing complexity of systems have led to the emergence of a growing number of software metrics.Defect prediction methods based on software metric elements highly rely on software metric data.However,redundant software metric data is not conducive to efficient defect prediction,posing severe challenges to current software defect prediction tasks.To address these issues,this paper focuses on the rational clustering of software metric data.Firstly,multiple software projects are evaluated to determine the preset number of clusters for software metrics,and various clustering methods are employed to cluster the metric elements.Subsequently,a co-occurrence matrix is designed to comprehensively quantify the number of times that metrics appear in the same category.Based on the comprehensive results,the software metric data are divided into two semantic views containing different metrics,thereby analyzing the semantic information behind the software metrics.On this basis,this paper also conducts an in-depth analysis of the impact of different semantic view of metrics on defect prediction results,as well as the performance of various classification models under these semantic views.Experiments show that the joint use of the two semantic views can significantly improve the performance of models in software defect prediction,providing a new understanding and approach at the semantic view level for defect prediction research based on software metrics.
基金Under the auspices of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41471111)China’s Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2017M621191)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.2412017QD020)
摘要A key target of the overall strategy implementation for regional development since the 18th Party Congress of China has involved taking measures to narrow regional disparities. This is because resource-based cities' economic development has fallen below general levels due to resource exhaustion and an unbalanced industrial structure, among other factors. Further, an economic gap has long existed between Northeast China's large number of resource-based cities and non-resource-based cities. This article comprehensively studies the economic convergence of Northeast China's resource-based cities and non-resource-based cities from 1996 to 2015 by using a dynamic panel to analyze not only the economic development of different industries and types of cities, but also the main factors that influence economic development. The empirical results demonstrate that economic convergence exists in both resource-based and non-resource-based cities, but the economic gap between them has clearly narrowed since the implementation of a strategy to revitalize the Northeast's old industrial base. Shrinking cities are the fastest to converge, as mature cities are slower and regenerating cities are the slowest; regarding industry structure, the secondary industry dominates the economy in mature and shrinking cities, and the tertiary industry in regenerating cities. The primary stimulus in resource-based cities' economic development involves upgrading the industrial structure and investing in human capital. As China faces a ‘new normal' economy, resource-based cities in Northeast China should restructure the economy and perfect their market system to avoid again widening the economic gap.