The civil aviation service etiquette course is a core curriculum for cultivating frontline service personnel in the civil aviation industry at the secondary vocational level.However,it currently faces practical challe...The civil aviation service etiquette course is a core curriculum for cultivating frontline service personnel in the civil aviation industry at the secondary vocational level.However,it currently faces practical challenges,including a disconnect between course content and the development of smart civil aviation,rigid teaching methods,and an evaluation mechanism that is detached from job practice.Guided by the high-quality development of vocational education and leveraging school-based practical achievements such as the“Civil Aviation Service Etiquette Scenario Script Textbook”developed by our institution,the unique“Five Virtues Dimensions”evaluation system,and student etiquette growth portfolios,this study proposes a three-dimensional optimization path integrating“teaching innovation,industry-education integration,and evaluation feedback.”By incorporating core modules on intelligent services and cross-cultural communication,innovating a scenario simulation teaching model centered on scripts,and constructing a school-enterprise collaborative“Five Virtues Dimensions”multivariate evaluation and feedback mechanism,this approach significantly enhances students’professional etiquette literacy and job adaptability.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the effectiveness of standardized patient scenario simulation teaching in geriatric medicine clinical education and provide references for improving teaching methods in geriatrics.Methods:Sixt...Objective:To investigate the effectiveness of standardized patient scenario simulation teaching in geriatric medicine clinical education and provide references for improving teaching methods in geriatrics.Methods:Sixty-five clinical physicians from other departments who rotated into the Geriatric Medicine Department for training between August 2024 and July 2025 were randomly divided into a control group(n=32)and an observation group(n=33).The control group received traditional centralized theoretical lectures combined with instructor-led clinical mentoring,while the observation group underwent standardized patient scenario simulation training.The two groups were compared on post-rotation examination scores and teaching satisfaction metrics.Results:The observation group achieved significantly higher post-rotation examination scores(88.37±3.04)than the control group(80.17±3.29)(p<0.01).Teaching satisfaction surveys revealed that trainees in the observation group demonstrated significantly higher satisfaction than the control group(p<0.05)regarding the teaching method’s effectiveness in enhancing learning interest,independent learning ability,comprehensive clinical problem-solving skills,patient communication skills,teamwork capabilities,and research conceptualization abilities.Conclusion:Standardized patient scenario simulation teaching effectively improves clinical teaching quality in geriatric medicine,enhances trainees’comprehensive clinical competencies,and holds value for broader application.展开更多
Based on the logical causal relationship and taking Liaoning Province, China, which is the Chinese traditional industrial base and is in the stage of accelerated urbanisation, as a case study, this study builds the '...Based on the logical causal relationship and taking Liaoning Province, China, which is the Chinese traditional industrial base and is in the stage of accelerated urbanisation, as a case study, this study builds the 'Urbanisation-Energy Consumption-COn Emissions System Dynamics (UEC-SD)' model using a system dynamics method. The UEC-SD model is applied to analyse the effect of the ar- banisation process on the regional energy structure and CO2 emissions, followed by simulation of future production and living energy consumption structure as well as the evolutionary trend of CO2 emissions of three urbanisation scenarios (low speed, intermediate speed and high speed) under the assumed boundary conditions in urban and rural areas of Liaoning Province, China. The results show that the urbanisation process can alter production and the living energy consumption structure and thereby change regional CO2 emissions. An increase in the urbanisation rate in case area will lead to regional COz emissions rising in the short term, but when the urbanisation rate approaches 80%, CO2 emissions will reach a peak value and then decrease. Comparison of different urbanisation rates showed that pro- duction and living energy consumption exhibit different directions of change and rules in urban and rural areas. The effect of urbanisa- tion on CO2 emissions and energy structure is not direct, and urbanisation can increase the differences in energy and CO2 emissions between urban and rural areas caused by the industrial structure, technical level and other factors.展开更多
Explicitly identifying the spatial distribution of ecological transition zones(ETZs)and simulating their response to climate scenarios is of significance in understanding the response and feedback of ecosystems to glo...Explicitly identifying the spatial distribution of ecological transition zones(ETZs)and simulating their response to climate scenarios is of significance in understanding the response and feedback of ecosystems to global climate change.In this study,a quantitative spatial identification method was developed to assess ETZ distribution in terms of the improved Holdridge life zone(iHLZ)model.Based on climate observations collected from 782 weather stations in China in the T0(1981–2010)period,and the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Coupled Model Intercomparison Project(IPCC CMIP5)RCP2.6,RCP4.5,and RCP8.5 climate scenario data in the T1(2011–2040),T2(2041–2070),and T3(2071–2100)periods,the spatial distribution of ETZs and their response to climate scenarios in China were simulated in the four periods of T0,T1,T2,and T3.Additionally,a spatial shift of mean center model was developed to quantitatively calculate the shift direction and distance of each ETZ type during the periods from T0 to T3.The simulated results revealed 41 ETZ types in China,accounting for 18%of the whole land area.Cold temperate grassland/humid forest and warm temperate arid forest(564,238.5 km~2),cold temperate humid forest and warm temperate arid/humid forest(566,549.75 km~2),and north humid/humid forest and cold temperate humid forest(525,750.25 km~2)were the main ETZ types,accounting for 35%of the total ETZ area in China.Between 2010 and 2100,the area of cold temperate desert shrub and warm temperate desert shrubhorn steppe ETZs were projected to increase at a rate of 4%per decade,which represented an increase of 3604.2,10063.1,and 17,242 km~2 per decade under the RCP2.6,RCP4.5,and RCP8.5 scenarios,respectively.The cold ETZ was projected to transform to the warm humid ETZ in the future.The average shift distance of the mean center in the north wet forest and cold temperate desert shrubhorn grassland ETZs was generally larger than that of other ETZs,with the mean center moving to the northeast and the shift distance being more than 150 km during the periods from T0 to T3.In addition,with a gradual increase of temperature and precipitation,the ETZs in northern China displayed a shifting northward trend,while the area of ETZs in southern China decreased gradually,and their mean center moved to high-altitude areas.The effects of climate change on ETZs presented an increasing trend in China,especially in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.展开更多
Mountainous area makes up 22% of global land, and rational land use in this area is important for sustainable development. Mentougou district has been positioned as an ecological conservation development zone of Beiji...Mountainous area makes up 22% of global land, and rational land use in this area is important for sustainable development. Mentougou district has been positioned as an ecological conservation development zone of Beijing and significant land use changes have taken place since 2004. With the combination of GIS and Dinamica EGO(Environment for Geoprocessing Objects) model, the quantitative structure and spatial distribution of land use in Mentougou from 2006 to 2014 are analyzed in this paper. Considering topography has influence on the action mode of driving factors, the research area is divided into two parts based on elevation, mountainous area above 300 m, plain and shallow mountainous area below 300 m. Based on cellular automata theory, the probability of land use change is calculated by Weights of Evidence method and the spatial distribution of land use is simulated by means of two complementary spatial transition functions: Expander and Patcher. Land use pattern of Menougou in 2030 for three kinds of scenarios: trend development, rapid development and ecological protection are simulated. The comparison shows that the trend development scenario is more reasonable based on social, economic and environmental considerations and other scenarios provide a reference for improving irrational land use.展开更多
Objective: To explore the effectiveness of applying patient simulators combined with Internet Plus scenario simulation teaching models on intravenous (IV) infusion nursing education, and to provide scientific evidence...Objective: To explore the effectiveness of applying patient simulators combined with Internet Plus scenario simulation teaching models on intravenous (IV) infusion nursing education, and to provide scientific evidence for the implementation of advanced teaching models in future nursing education. Methods: Enrolled 60 nurses who took the IV infusion therapy training program in our hospital from January 2022 to December 2023 for research. 30 nurses who were trained in traditional teaching models from January to December 2022 were selected as the control group, and 30 nurses who were trained with simulation-based teaching models with methods including simulated patients, internet, online meetings which can be replayed and scenario simulation, etc. from January to December 2023 were selected as the experimental group. Evaluated the learning outcomes based on the Competency Inventory for Nursing Students (CINS), Problem-Solving Inventory (PSI), comprehensive learning ability, scientific research ability, and proficiency in the theoretical knowledge and practical skills of IV infusion therapy. Nursing quality, the incidence of IV infusion therapy complications and nurse satisfaction with different teaching models were also measured. Results: The scientific research ability, PSI scores, CINS scores, and comprehensive learning ability of the experimental group were better than those of the control group (P 0.05), and their assessment results of practical skills, nursing quality of IV infusion therapy during training, and satisfaction with teaching models were all better than those of the control group with statistical significance (P < 0.05). The incidence of IV infusion therapy complications in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group, indicating statistical significance (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Teaching models based on patient simulators combined with Internet Plus scenario simulation enable nursing students to learn more directly and practice at any time and in any place, and can improve their proficiency in IV infusion theoretical knowledge and skills (e.g. PICC catheterization), core competencies, problem-solving ability, comprehensive learning ability, scientific research ability and the ability to deal with complicated cases. Also, it helps provide high-quality nursing education, improve the nursing quality of IV therapy, reduce the incidence of related complications, and ensure the safety of patients with IV therapy.展开更多
Objective: to apply scenario simulation training under the guidance of PBL concept to nursing teaching, and to explore the application effect of its practice. Methods: the 72 nursing students of the 2019 class were di...Objective: to apply scenario simulation training under the guidance of PBL concept to nursing teaching, and to explore the application effect of its practice. Methods: the 72 nursing students of the 2019 class were divided into a control group (n=36) and an experimental group (n=36) by using the random grouping method of the digital table, and the control group implemented the traditional teaching mode and the experimental group implemented PBL under the guidance of the concept, the scenario simulation teaching method is compared, and the application effect of the two teaching methods is compared. Results: compared with the control group, the experimental group scored better theory, practice and comprehensive scores, and the learning enthusiasm, subjective initiative, coordination ability, coping ability, active thinking ability and communication ability were also better, P<0.05. Conclusion: compared with the traditional teaching method, and the PBL combined scenario simulation teaching method can more effectively improve the theoretical and skill operation level of nursing intern students, and has high application value.展开更多
Under the influence of the new era and the new situation, the teaching level of enterprise consulting management courses has become a hot topic in the society. The rapid development of economy and society makes the co...Under the influence of the new era and the new situation, the teaching level of enterprise consulting management courses has become a hot topic in the society. The rapid development of economy and society makes the competition of enterprises more intense, enterprises want to occupy a place in such a fierce market competition, it is necessary to constantly solve their own problems in the process of development, constantly pay attention to the important role of enterprise management consulting can play. This paper introduces the scenario simulation method and can play to the advantage of, on the basis of the main enterprise management consulting curriculum design idea of the scene simulation teaching method and the design process, and the scene simulation teaching method system of process simple boils down to "knowledge is the foundation, implementation is the core, feedback and summary is critical,". The paper also focuses on the application of scenario simulation method in enterprise consulting management diagnosis, thus providing a good reference for relevant courses in the application and operation of scenario simulation teaching method.展开更多
Objective To explore the application effect of SBAR scenario simulation training in urological nursing teaching and its impact on nursing students’ core competence, and analyze relevant influencing factors, so as to ...Objective To explore the application effect of SBAR scenario simulation training in urological nursing teaching and its impact on nursing students’ core competence, and analyze relevant influencing factors, so as to provide evidence for optimizing standardized urological nursing teaching. Methods A total of 140 clinical intern nursing students were enrolled and randomly divided into control group and research group, with 70 cases in each group. The control group received conventional internship teaching, while the research group received SBAR scenario simulation training on the basis of conventional teaching. Baseline conditions, core nursing competence, clinical performance, communication and critical thinking ability, and training satisfaction were compared between the two groups. Multivariate regression analysis was applied to screen influencing factors of core competence improvement. Results Baseline age, gender and theoretical scores showed no significant differences between groups (P>0.05). After intervention, the research group obtained significantly higher scores in professional operation, clinical communication, emergency response, critical thinking and humanistic care (P<0.001), with lower clinical error rate, higher nursing compliance rate and better teacher evaluation (P<0.05). Training mode, simulation frequency, SBAR mastery and autonomous learning initiative were independent influencing factors for competence improvement (P<0.05). Conclusion SBAR scenario simulation training can effectively improve urological nursing students’ comprehensive core competence, standardize clinical nursing behaviors and reduce nursing errors. Training effect is affected by multiple teaching and individual factors, and targeted teaching optimization can further improve the quality of urological nursing internship teaching.展开更多
With industrialization,urbanization,and rapid changes in urban–rural human settlements,threats to sustainable development have raised global concerns.Human settlements are composed of“production–living–ecological...With industrialization,urbanization,and rapid changes in urban–rural human settlements,threats to sustainable development have raised global concerns.Human settlements are composed of“production–living–ecological”spaces(PLESs),where changes result from the combined influence of natural and socioeconomic factors.Currently,the spatiotemporal patterns of PLES and their driving factors,along with their compatibility with sustainable development goals(SDGs),remain unclear.This study focuses on the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei Urban Agglomeration and Beijing as case studies,constructing a quality evaluation system for human settlements to reveal the driving factors behind PLES changes.We established a linkage between PLES,ecosystem service value,and SDGs and conducted multi-scenario simulations to assess future possibilities.From 1980 to 2020,we observed a marked shrinkage in production space(2,035.46 km2)and an expansion of living space(1,926.78 km2).The primary driving factors of PLES expansion included highways,population growth,and elevation,contributing 16.5%,29.6%,and 36.4%to production,living,and ecological spaces,respectively.The ecosystem service value and SDG values gradually increased,displaying a clustering pattern of northern highs and southern lows.Among the various SDGs,SDG8(decent work and economic growth)had the lowest value,while SDG15(life on land)had the highest value.The production priority zone was primarily located in the southern urban fringe,whereas the central area and northern region prioritized living and ecological needs,respectively.The highest SDG values(1.40 to 1.63 yuan/m2)will be reached under an optimal scenario,highlighting the urgent need for differentiated policies for sustainable development in various contexts.展开更多
With rapid urban expansion and frequent natural disasters,green infrastructure(GI)networks are highly susceptible to disturbances and impacts.Improving the resilience of Gl networks is important for maintaining specie...With rapid urban expansion and frequent natural disasters,green infrastructure(GI)networks are highly susceptible to disturbances and impacts.Improving the resilience of Gl networks is important for maintaining species migration,improving ecological efficiency,and realizing sustainable development.Therefore,an effective GI network resilience measure must be constructed to measure it more accurately.展开更多
Compared with traditional energy sources,wind power has a lower environmental impact.However,emissions are still generated across the life cycle of wind turbines,from production to recycling.As wind power rapidly deve...Compared with traditional energy sources,wind power has a lower environmental impact.However,emissions are still generated across the life cycle of wind turbines,from production to recycling.As wind power rapidly develops and deployment increases,these impacts are becoming increasingly evident.A comprehensive understanding of these impacts is crucial for sustainable development.Based on the harmonization of previous detailed life cycle assessment(LCA)studies,this study develops a simplified LCA model that estimates the life cycle environmental impacts of wind turbines based on their nominal power.Using this simplified LCA model,we assess the global warming potential(GWP),acidification potential(AP),and cumulative energy demand(CED)of wind power at the regional scale for 2022 and under three future scenarios(high-power wind turbine promotion,reduced wind curtailment,and a comprehensive development scenario).The results indicate that in 2022,the life cycle GWP,AP,and CED of wind power in western China were 10.76 g CO2 eq/kWh,0.177 g SO2 eq/kWh,and 17.6 kJ/kWh,respectively.Scenario simulations suggest that reducing wind curtailment is the most effective approach for reducing emissions in Inner Mongolia,Gansu,Qinghai,Ningxia,and Xinjiang,producing average decreases of 8.64%in GWP,8.39%in AP,and 9.26%in CED.In contrast,for Guangxi,Chongqing,Sichuan,Guizhou,Yunnan,Xizang,and Shaanxi,the promotion of high-power wind turbines provides greater environmental benefits than reducing curtailment,producing average decreases of 3.45%,3.09%,and 4.29%in GWP,AP,and CED,respectively.These findings help clarify the environmental impact of wind power across its life cycle at the regional scale and provide theoretical references for the direction of future wind power development and the formulation of related policies.展开更多
Model simulation and scenario change analysis are the core contents of the future land-use change(LUC) study. In this paper, land use status data of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region(TGRR) in 1990 was used as base...Model simulation and scenario change analysis are the core contents of the future land-use change(LUC) study. In this paper, land use status data of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region(TGRR) in 1990 was used as base data. The relationship between driving factors and land-use change was analyzed by using binary logistic stepwise regression analysis, based on which land use in 2010 was simulated by CLUE-S model. After the inspection and determination of main parameters impacting on driving factors of land use in the TGRR, land use of this region in 2030 was simulated based on four scenarios, including natural growth, food security, migration-related construction and ecological conservation. The results were shown as follows:(1) The areas under ROC curves of land-use types(LUTs) were both greater than 0.8 under the analysis and inspection of binary logistic model. These LUTs include paddy field, dryland, woodland, grassland, construction land and water area. Therefore, it has a strong interpretation ability of driving factors on land use, which can be used in the estimation of land use probability distribution.(2) The Kappa coefficients, verified from the result of land-use simulation in 2010, were shown of paddy field 0.9, dryland 0.95, woodland 0.97, grassland 0.84, construction land 0.85 and water area 0.77. So the results of simulation could meet the needs of future simulation and prediction.(3) The results of multi-scenario simulation showed a spatial competitive relationship between different LUTs, and an influence on food security, migration-related construction and ecological conservation in the TGRR, including some land use actions such as the large-scale conversion from paddy field to dryland, the occupation on cultivated land, woodland and grassland for rapid expansion of construction land, the reclamation of woodland and grassland into cultivated land, returning steep sloping farmland back into woodland and grassland. Therefore, it is necessary to balance the needs of various aspects in land use optimization, to achieve the coordination between socio-economy and ecological environment.展开更多
This study investigated and simulated land use patterns in Beijing for the year 2000 and the year 2005 from the actual land use data for the year 1995 and the year 2000,respectively,by combining spatial land allocatio...This study investigated and simulated land use patterns in Beijing for the year 2000 and the year 2005 from the actual land use data for the year 1995 and the year 2000,respectively,by combining spatial land allocation simulation using the CLUE-S model,and numerical land demand prediction using the Markov model.The simulations for 2000 and 2005 were confirmed to be generally accurate using Kappa indices.Then the land-use scenarios for Beijing in 2015 were simulated assuming two modes of development:1) urban development following existing trends;and 2) under a strict farmland control.The simulations suggested that under either mode,urbanized areas would expand at the expense of land for other uses.This expansion was predicted to dominate the land-use conversions between 2005 and 2015,and was expected to be accompanied by an extensive loss of farmland.The key susceptible to land-use changes were found to be located at the central urban Beijing and the surrounding regions including Yanqing County,Changping District and Fangshan District.Also,the simulations predicted a considerable expansion of urban/suburban areas in the mountainous regions of Beijing,suggesting a need for priority monitoring and protection.展开更多
Modeling land use/cover scenario changes and its potential impacts on structure and functions of ecosystem in typical regions are helpful to understanding the interactive mechanism between land use/cover system and ec...Modeling land use/cover scenario changes and its potential impacts on structure and functions of ecosystem in typical regions are helpful to understanding the interactive mechanism between land use/cover system and ecosystem.Based on the analysis of the existing land use/cover simulation and forecast models,a land use/cover scenario dynamics model by the integration of System Dynamics(SD)model,Back Propagation Neural Network(BPNN)and Cellular Automata(CA)model is developed with land use/cover scenario changes in northern China in the next 30 years and simulated in this paper.The model is to simulate the land use/cover scenario demands by using a SD model at first,and then allocating the land use scenario patterns at the local scale with the considerations of land use/cover suitability,inheritance ability and neighborhood effect by using BPNN-CA model to satisfy the balance between land use/cover scenario demands and supplies.It integrates the advantages of SD,BPNN and CA.Macro-driving factors and the micro-spatial pattern are also fully taken into account.The BPNN simplifies the identification of the factors’weights used in CA model and improves the reliability of the simulation results.The simulation accuracy of the model developed in this paper was found to be about 74%.It suggests that the model has the ability to reflect the complexity of land use/cover system at different scales to some extent and it is a useful tool for assessing the potential impacts of land use system on ecosystem.The simulated results also indicate that the urban land,water area and forest will increase significantly,and farmland and unable land will decrease gradually.Obvious land use/cover changes will take place in the farming-pastoral zone and the southeast area of northern China.展开更多
Simulations of land use/land cover(LULC)and ecosystem services(ES),which integrate national land policies,reflect the development of land and ecological functions under different scenarios and are crucial for accurate...Simulations of land use/land cover(LULC)and ecosystem services(ES),which integrate national land policies,reflect the development of land and ecological functions under different scenarios and are crucial for accurately predicting and optimizing urban ecosystem sustainable development.展开更多
Land use/cover change(LUCC)is a major factor affecting net primary production(NPP).According to the LUCC of the Loess Plateau from 2005 to 2015,the LUCC patterns in 2025 in three scenarios were predicted by using the ...Land use/cover change(LUCC)is a major factor affecting net primary production(NPP).According to the LUCC of the Loess Plateau from 2005 to 2015,the LUCC patterns in 2025 in three scenarios were predicted by using the Future Land Use Simulation(FLUS)model.Furthermore,taking the average NPP of various land use/cover types in 16 years as the reference scale,the changes in NPP in multi-scenario simulations are predicted and analyzed,and the impact of different land use/cover transfers on NPP is quantified.The results are as follows:(1)The land use/cover changes greatly in the baseline and fast development scenarios,and changes relatively little in the ecological protection scenarios.(2)The changes in NPP in different scenarios reflected the significant difference in the ecological protection effect.All the three scenarios promote an NPP increase,but the ecological protection scenario can promote NPP increases the most.(3)The changes in NPP caused by LUCC in the three scenarios reflected the significant difference in the various land use/cover types protection effect.Analyzing and predicting NPP changes in multi-scenario LUCC simulations in the future can provide a theoretical basis for decision makers to judge the future changes in ecological environments and ecological protection effects against different policy backgrounds.展开更多
Flood regulation service(FRS)stands as one of the key benefits that people get from the ecosystem.Under the influence of climate change and human activities,the relationship between supply and demand of FRS would incr...Flood regulation service(FRS)stands as one of the key benefits that people get from the ecosystem.Under the influence of climate change and human activities,the relationship between supply and demand of FRS would increasingly affect regional flood risk and sustainable development.However,there was currently a lack of systematic study on the future supply-demand relationship of FRS in the flood-vulnerable area undergoing rapidly development in China.This study integrated the Scenario Model Intercomparison Project(ScenarioMIP)with the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways(SSPs)datasets and climate model data to quantify the supply-demand ratio(SDR)of FRS in the Yangtze River Delta(YRD),China from 2020 to 2050.Trend analyses were conducted using linear regres-sion,Theil-Sen median estimation,and Hurst exponent analysis,while key drivers of SDR changes were identified and quantified through the Lindeman-Merenda-Gold(LMG)method between 2021 and 2050.Results show that the supply of FRS in the YRD was generally insufficient to meet the demand.The imbalanced subbasins covered 88.24%of the total study area,with 34.48%of this imbal-anced area concentrated in the Southeastern Basin in China.During 2021 and 2050,the imbalance of FRS supply-demand relationship would largely aggravate in the YRD,of which the aggravated area would account for 77.23%.Under different scenarios,the SDR for FRS would decrease significantly,with rates ranging from-5.45×10-4 to-2.06×10-4(P<0.05).Especially,the decline rate of SDR in the YRD Basin(DeltaB)reached 2.92 times that the average of YRD.Human activities were the primary factors that exacerbated the imbalance in FRS supply-demand relationship,of which the relative contribution rate exceeds 75%.Particular attention should be direc-ted toward critical regions like the Southeast Basin in China(SEB)and DeltaB where substantial aggravation of supply-demand imbal-ances of FRS is projected.展开更多
Simulation-based learning(SBL)in medical education utilizes technology to simulate medical scenarios within controlled environments[1].This method enables healthcare professionals to hone their skills and make decisio...Simulation-based learning(SBL)in medical education utilizes technology to simulate medical scenarios within controlled environments[1].This method enables healthcare professionals to hone their skills and make decisions effectively,all without posing any immediate risk to patients[2].In the context of acute disease care,characterized by sudden onset conditions such as myocardial infarctions,strokes,seizures,or traumatic injuries,SBL builds confidence,sharpens decision-making abilities,and enhances overall patient safety.Moreover,SBL can be particularly advantageous for non-medical caregivers by helping them identify signs of sudden health deterioration,recognize early symptoms of emergencies such as sudden chest pain,shortness of breath that are suggestive of myocardial infarctions or altered mental status pointing towards seizures,and detect critical warning signs like intracranial bleeding following head injuries at home.展开更多
The nature reserves have covered one third of the total area of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau(QXP),which play a core role in sustaining regional ecological security.However,there is lack of quantitative evidence on compa...The nature reserves have covered one third of the total area of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau(QXP),which play a core role in sustaining regional ecological security.However,there is lack of quantitative evidence on comparing the contribution of nature reserves on the changes of landcover and vegetation coverage for both past and future in QXP.Based on two new datasets,we compared the changes of landcover and vegetation coverage during 2000-2020 inside and outside the nature reserves in QXP.Based on Patch-generating Land Use Simulation model and Pixel-by-pixel Multiple Linear Regression,we spatialized the future landcover and vegetation coverage during 2030-2050 under SSP245 and SSP585 scenarios.The results showed the grassland increased 17.7%inside the nature reserves during 2000-2020,larger than the 12.4%rate of increase outside the nature reserves.Under the SSP245 scenario during 2030-2050,the grassland will increase 12.0%inside and 9.9%outside the nature reserves,and the bare land will decrease 16.9%inside and 19.6%outside the nature reserves.During 2000-2020,the increases of fraction vegetation coverage(FVC)were 0.0015 a−1inside and 0.0013 a−1outside the nature reserve.The FVC increases were not mostly positively correlated with temperature and precipitation,neither inside nor outside the nature reserves.Under the SSP585 scenario during 2030-2050,the increases of FVC were 0.0020 inside and 0.0016 outside the nature reserve.These findings highlight the positive contribution of nature reserves on the ecological security in QXP for both past and future under the fast climate change and increasing human activity.展开更多
基金2025 Education Science Planning Project of Chengdu Panmerit Aviation Tourism Secondary Vocational and Technical School。
摘要The civil aviation service etiquette course is a core curriculum for cultivating frontline service personnel in the civil aviation industry at the secondary vocational level.However,it currently faces practical challenges,including a disconnect between course content and the development of smart civil aviation,rigid teaching methods,and an evaluation mechanism that is detached from job practice.Guided by the high-quality development of vocational education and leveraging school-based practical achievements such as the“Civil Aviation Service Etiquette Scenario Script Textbook”developed by our institution,the unique“Five Virtues Dimensions”evaluation system,and student etiquette growth portfolios,this study proposes a three-dimensional optimization path integrating“teaching innovation,industry-education integration,and evaluation feedback.”By incorporating core modules on intelligent services and cross-cultural communication,innovating a scenario simulation teaching model centered on scripts,and constructing a school-enterprise collaborative“Five Virtues Dimensions”multivariate evaluation and feedback mechanism,this approach significantly enhances students’professional etiquette literacy and job adaptability.
摘要Objective:To investigate the effectiveness of standardized patient scenario simulation teaching in geriatric medicine clinical education and provide references for improving teaching methods in geriatrics.Methods:Sixty-five clinical physicians from other departments who rotated into the Geriatric Medicine Department for training between August 2024 and July 2025 were randomly divided into a control group(n=32)and an observation group(n=33).The control group received traditional centralized theoretical lectures combined with instructor-led clinical mentoring,while the observation group underwent standardized patient scenario simulation training.The two groups were compared on post-rotation examination scores and teaching satisfaction metrics.Results:The observation group achieved significantly higher post-rotation examination scores(88.37±3.04)than the control group(80.17±3.29)(p<0.01).Teaching satisfaction surveys revealed that trainees in the observation group demonstrated significantly higher satisfaction than the control group(p<0.05)regarding the teaching method’s effectiveness in enhancing learning interest,independent learning ability,comprehensive clinical problem-solving skills,patient communication skills,teamwork capabilities,and research conceptualization abilities.Conclusion:Standardized patient scenario simulation teaching effectively improves clinical teaching quality in geriatric medicine,enhances trainees’comprehensive clinical competencies,and holds value for broader application.
基金Under the auspices of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41301637,41101117,41271186)Key Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.71133003)
摘要Based on the logical causal relationship and taking Liaoning Province, China, which is the Chinese traditional industrial base and is in the stage of accelerated urbanisation, as a case study, this study builds the 'Urbanisation-Energy Consumption-COn Emissions System Dynamics (UEC-SD)' model using a system dynamics method. The UEC-SD model is applied to analyse the effect of the ar- banisation process on the regional energy structure and CO2 emissions, followed by simulation of future production and living energy consumption structure as well as the evolutionary trend of CO2 emissions of three urbanisation scenarios (low speed, intermediate speed and high speed) under the assumed boundary conditions in urban and rural areas of Liaoning Province, China. The results show that the urbanisation process can alter production and the living energy consumption structure and thereby change regional CO2 emissions. An increase in the urbanisation rate in case area will lead to regional COz emissions rising in the short term, but when the urbanisation rate approaches 80%, CO2 emissions will reach a peak value and then decrease. Comparison of different urbanisation rates showed that pro- duction and living energy consumption exhibit different directions of change and rules in urban and rural areas. The effect of urbanisa- tion on CO2 emissions and energy structure is not direct, and urbanisation can increase the differences in energy and CO2 emissions between urban and rural areas caused by the industrial structure, technical level and other factors.
基金National Key R&D Program of China,No.2018YFC0507202,No.2017YFA0603702National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.41971358,No.41930647+1 种基金Strategic Priority Research Program(A)of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,No.XDA20030203Innovation Research Project of State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environment Information System,CAS。
摘要Explicitly identifying the spatial distribution of ecological transition zones(ETZs)and simulating their response to climate scenarios is of significance in understanding the response and feedback of ecosystems to global climate change.In this study,a quantitative spatial identification method was developed to assess ETZ distribution in terms of the improved Holdridge life zone(iHLZ)model.Based on climate observations collected from 782 weather stations in China in the T0(1981–2010)period,and the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Coupled Model Intercomparison Project(IPCC CMIP5)RCP2.6,RCP4.5,and RCP8.5 climate scenario data in the T1(2011–2040),T2(2041–2070),and T3(2071–2100)periods,the spatial distribution of ETZs and their response to climate scenarios in China were simulated in the four periods of T0,T1,T2,and T3.Additionally,a spatial shift of mean center model was developed to quantitatively calculate the shift direction and distance of each ETZ type during the periods from T0 to T3.The simulated results revealed 41 ETZ types in China,accounting for 18%of the whole land area.Cold temperate grassland/humid forest and warm temperate arid forest(564,238.5 km~2),cold temperate humid forest and warm temperate arid/humid forest(566,549.75 km~2),and north humid/humid forest and cold temperate humid forest(525,750.25 km~2)were the main ETZ types,accounting for 35%of the total ETZ area in China.Between 2010 and 2100,the area of cold temperate desert shrub and warm temperate desert shrubhorn steppe ETZs were projected to increase at a rate of 4%per decade,which represented an increase of 3604.2,10063.1,and 17,242 km~2 per decade under the RCP2.6,RCP4.5,and RCP8.5 scenarios,respectively.The cold ETZ was projected to transform to the warm humid ETZ in the future.The average shift distance of the mean center in the north wet forest and cold temperate desert shrubhorn grassland ETZs was generally larger than that of other ETZs,with the mean center moving to the northeast and the shift distance being more than 150 km during the periods from T0 to T3.In addition,with a gradual increase of temperature and precipitation,the ETZs in northern China displayed a shifting northward trend,while the area of ETZs in southern China decreased gradually,and their mean center moved to high-altitude areas.The effects of climate change on ETZs presented an increasing trend in China,especially in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under(Grant No.41877533)Beijing Social Science Foundation(Grant No.18GLB014)
摘要Mountainous area makes up 22% of global land, and rational land use in this area is important for sustainable development. Mentougou district has been positioned as an ecological conservation development zone of Beijing and significant land use changes have taken place since 2004. With the combination of GIS and Dinamica EGO(Environment for Geoprocessing Objects) model, the quantitative structure and spatial distribution of land use in Mentougou from 2006 to 2014 are analyzed in this paper. Considering topography has influence on the action mode of driving factors, the research area is divided into two parts based on elevation, mountainous area above 300 m, plain and shallow mountainous area below 300 m. Based on cellular automata theory, the probability of land use change is calculated by Weights of Evidence method and the spatial distribution of land use is simulated by means of two complementary spatial transition functions: Expander and Patcher. Land use pattern of Menougou in 2030 for three kinds of scenarios: trend development, rapid development and ecological protection are simulated. The comparison shows that the trend development scenario is more reasonable based on social, economic and environmental considerations and other scenarios provide a reference for improving irrational land use.
摘要Objective: To explore the effectiveness of applying patient simulators combined with Internet Plus scenario simulation teaching models on intravenous (IV) infusion nursing education, and to provide scientific evidence for the implementation of advanced teaching models in future nursing education. Methods: Enrolled 60 nurses who took the IV infusion therapy training program in our hospital from January 2022 to December 2023 for research. 30 nurses who were trained in traditional teaching models from January to December 2022 were selected as the control group, and 30 nurses who were trained with simulation-based teaching models with methods including simulated patients, internet, online meetings which can be replayed and scenario simulation, etc. from January to December 2023 were selected as the experimental group. Evaluated the learning outcomes based on the Competency Inventory for Nursing Students (CINS), Problem-Solving Inventory (PSI), comprehensive learning ability, scientific research ability, and proficiency in the theoretical knowledge and practical skills of IV infusion therapy. Nursing quality, the incidence of IV infusion therapy complications and nurse satisfaction with different teaching models were also measured. Results: The scientific research ability, PSI scores, CINS scores, and comprehensive learning ability of the experimental group were better than those of the control group (P 0.05), and their assessment results of practical skills, nursing quality of IV infusion therapy during training, and satisfaction with teaching models were all better than those of the control group with statistical significance (P < 0.05). The incidence of IV infusion therapy complications in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group, indicating statistical significance (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Teaching models based on patient simulators combined with Internet Plus scenario simulation enable nursing students to learn more directly and practice at any time and in any place, and can improve their proficiency in IV infusion theoretical knowledge and skills (e.g. PICC catheterization), core competencies, problem-solving ability, comprehensive learning ability, scientific research ability and the ability to deal with complicated cases. Also, it helps provide high-quality nursing education, improve the nursing quality of IV therapy, reduce the incidence of related complications, and ensure the safety of patients with IV therapy.
摘要Objective: to apply scenario simulation training under the guidance of PBL concept to nursing teaching, and to explore the application effect of its practice. Methods: the 72 nursing students of the 2019 class were divided into a control group (n=36) and an experimental group (n=36) by using the random grouping method of the digital table, and the control group implemented the traditional teaching mode and the experimental group implemented PBL under the guidance of the concept, the scenario simulation teaching method is compared, and the application effect of the two teaching methods is compared. Results: compared with the control group, the experimental group scored better theory, practice and comprehensive scores, and the learning enthusiasm, subjective initiative, coordination ability, coping ability, active thinking ability and communication ability were also better, P<0.05. Conclusion: compared with the traditional teaching method, and the PBL combined scenario simulation teaching method can more effectively improve the theoretical and skill operation level of nursing intern students, and has high application value.
摘要Under the influence of the new era and the new situation, the teaching level of enterprise consulting management courses has become a hot topic in the society. The rapid development of economy and society makes the competition of enterprises more intense, enterprises want to occupy a place in such a fierce market competition, it is necessary to constantly solve their own problems in the process of development, constantly pay attention to the important role of enterprise management consulting can play. This paper introduces the scenario simulation method and can play to the advantage of, on the basis of the main enterprise management consulting curriculum design idea of the scene simulation teaching method and the design process, and the scene simulation teaching method system of process simple boils down to "knowledge is the foundation, implementation is the core, feedback and summary is critical,". The paper also focuses on the application of scenario simulation method in enterprise consulting management diagnosis, thus providing a good reference for relevant courses in the application and operation of scenario simulation teaching method.
摘要Objective To explore the application effect of SBAR scenario simulation training in urological nursing teaching and its impact on nursing students’ core competence, and analyze relevant influencing factors, so as to provide evidence for optimizing standardized urological nursing teaching. Methods A total of 140 clinical intern nursing students were enrolled and randomly divided into control group and research group, with 70 cases in each group. The control group received conventional internship teaching, while the research group received SBAR scenario simulation training on the basis of conventional teaching. Baseline conditions, core nursing competence, clinical performance, communication and critical thinking ability, and training satisfaction were compared between the two groups. Multivariate regression analysis was applied to screen influencing factors of core competence improvement. Results Baseline age, gender and theoretical scores showed no significant differences between groups (P>0.05). After intervention, the research group obtained significantly higher scores in professional operation, clinical communication, emergency response, critical thinking and humanistic care (P<0.001), with lower clinical error rate, higher nursing compliance rate and better teacher evaluation (P<0.05). Training mode, simulation frequency, SBAR mastery and autonomous learning initiative were independent influencing factors for competence improvement (P<0.05). Conclusion SBAR scenario simulation training can effectively improve urological nursing students’ comprehensive core competence, standardize clinical nursing behaviors and reduce nursing errors. Training effect is affected by multiple teaching and individual factors, and targeted teaching optimization can further improve the quality of urological nursing internship teaching.
基金financially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(grant no.2024YFD2200900)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(no.BLX202207)+2 种基金the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(no.2023M740274)the Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of CPSF(no.GZC20230245)the Beijing Forestry University National Training Program of Innovation and Entrepreneurship for Undergraduates(202410022047)
摘要With industrialization,urbanization,and rapid changes in urban–rural human settlements,threats to sustainable development have raised global concerns.Human settlements are composed of“production–living–ecological”spaces(PLESs),where changes result from the combined influence of natural and socioeconomic factors.Currently,the spatiotemporal patterns of PLES and their driving factors,along with their compatibility with sustainable development goals(SDGs),remain unclear.This study focuses on the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei Urban Agglomeration and Beijing as case studies,constructing a quality evaluation system for human settlements to reveal the driving factors behind PLES changes.We established a linkage between PLES,ecosystem service value,and SDGs and conducted multi-scenario simulations to assess future possibilities.From 1980 to 2020,we observed a marked shrinkage in production space(2,035.46 km2)and an expansion of living space(1,926.78 km2).The primary driving factors of PLES expansion included highways,population growth,and elevation,contributing 16.5%,29.6%,and 36.4%to production,living,and ecological spaces,respectively.The ecosystem service value and SDG values gradually increased,displaying a clustering pattern of northern highs and southern lows.Among the various SDGs,SDG8(decent work and economic growth)had the lowest value,while SDG15(life on land)had the highest value.The production priority zone was primarily located in the southern urban fringe,whereas the central area and northern region prioritized living and ecological needs,respectively.The highest SDG values(1.40 to 1.63 yuan/m2)will be reached under an optimal scenario,highlighting the urgent need for differentiated policies for sustainable development in various contexts.
基金supported by the Major Project of Key Research Bases for Humanities and Social Sciences funded by the Ministry of Education of China(grant number 22JJD790015)Taishan Scholars Project Special Funding(grant number tstp20240821)
摘要With rapid urban expansion and frequent natural disasters,green infrastructure(GI)networks are highly susceptible to disturbances and impacts.Improving the resilience of Gl networks is important for maintaining species migration,improving ecological efficiency,and realizing sustainable development.Therefore,an effective GI network resilience measure must be constructed to measure it more accurately.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2022YFF1303405).
摘要Compared with traditional energy sources,wind power has a lower environmental impact.However,emissions are still generated across the life cycle of wind turbines,from production to recycling.As wind power rapidly develops and deployment increases,these impacts are becoming increasingly evident.A comprehensive understanding of these impacts is crucial for sustainable development.Based on the harmonization of previous detailed life cycle assessment(LCA)studies,this study develops a simplified LCA model that estimates the life cycle environmental impacts of wind turbines based on their nominal power.Using this simplified LCA model,we assess the global warming potential(GWP),acidification potential(AP),and cumulative energy demand(CED)of wind power at the regional scale for 2022 and under three future scenarios(high-power wind turbine promotion,reduced wind curtailment,and a comprehensive development scenario).The results indicate that in 2022,the life cycle GWP,AP,and CED of wind power in western China were 10.76 g CO2 eq/kWh,0.177 g SO2 eq/kWh,and 17.6 kJ/kWh,respectively.Scenario simulations suggest that reducing wind curtailment is the most effective approach for reducing emissions in Inner Mongolia,Gansu,Qinghai,Ningxia,and Xinjiang,producing average decreases of 8.64%in GWP,8.39%in AP,and 9.26%in CED.In contrast,for Guangxi,Chongqing,Sichuan,Guizhou,Yunnan,Xizang,and Shaanxi,the promotion of high-power wind turbines provides greater environmental benefits than reducing curtailment,producing average decreases of 3.45%,3.09%,and 4.29%in GWP,AP,and CED,respectively.These findings help clarify the environmental impact of wind power across its life cycle at the regional scale and provide theoretical references for the direction of future wind power development and the formulation of related policies.
基金Chongqing University Innovation Team for 2016,No.CXTDX201601017Chongqing Research Program of Basic Research and Frontier Technology,No.cstc2017jcyjB0317
摘要Model simulation and scenario change analysis are the core contents of the future land-use change(LUC) study. In this paper, land use status data of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region(TGRR) in 1990 was used as base data. The relationship between driving factors and land-use change was analyzed by using binary logistic stepwise regression analysis, based on which land use in 2010 was simulated by CLUE-S model. After the inspection and determination of main parameters impacting on driving factors of land use in the TGRR, land use of this region in 2030 was simulated based on four scenarios, including natural growth, food security, migration-related construction and ecological conservation. The results were shown as follows:(1) The areas under ROC curves of land-use types(LUTs) were both greater than 0.8 under the analysis and inspection of binary logistic model. These LUTs include paddy field, dryland, woodland, grassland, construction land and water area. Therefore, it has a strong interpretation ability of driving factors on land use, which can be used in the estimation of land use probability distribution.(2) The Kappa coefficients, verified from the result of land-use simulation in 2010, were shown of paddy field 0.9, dryland 0.95, woodland 0.97, grassland 0.84, construction land 0.85 and water area 0.77. So the results of simulation could meet the needs of future simulation and prediction.(3) The results of multi-scenario simulation showed a spatial competitive relationship between different LUTs, and an influence on food security, migration-related construction and ecological conservation in the TGRR, including some land use actions such as the large-scale conversion from paddy field to dryland, the occupation on cultivated land, woodland and grassland for rapid expansion of construction land, the reclamation of woodland and grassland into cultivated land, returning steep sloping farmland back into woodland and grassland. Therefore, it is necessary to balance the needs of various aspects in land use optimization, to achieve the coordination between socio-economy and ecological environment.
基金Under the auspices of National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 70903061,41171440)National Public Benefit (Land) Research Foundation of China (No. 201111014)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. 2011YXL055)
摘要This study investigated and simulated land use patterns in Beijing for the year 2000 and the year 2005 from the actual land use data for the year 1995 and the year 2000,respectively,by combining spatial land allocation simulation using the CLUE-S model,and numerical land demand prediction using the Markov model.The simulations for 2000 and 2005 were confirmed to be generally accurate using Kappa indices.Then the land-use scenarios for Beijing in 2015 were simulated assuming two modes of development:1) urban development following existing trends;and 2) under a strict farmland control.The simulations suggested that under either mode,urbanized areas would expand at the expense of land for other uses.This expansion was predicted to dominate the land-use conversions between 2005 and 2015,and was expected to be accompanied by an extensive loss of farmland.The key susceptible to land-use changes were found to be located at the central urban Beijing and the surrounding regions including Yanqing County,Changping District and Fangshan District.Also,the simulations predicted a considerable expansion of urban/suburban areas in the mountainous regions of Beijing,suggesting a need for priority monitoring and protection.
基金Supported by the Science&Technology Research Project of Chongqing Municipal Education Commission(Grant No.KJ070811)the Doctor Startup Fund of Chongqing Normal University(Grant No.06XLB004)the National Key Project for Basic Sciences of China(Grant No.2006CB400505)
摘要Modeling land use/cover scenario changes and its potential impacts on structure and functions of ecosystem in typical regions are helpful to understanding the interactive mechanism between land use/cover system and ecosystem.Based on the analysis of the existing land use/cover simulation and forecast models,a land use/cover scenario dynamics model by the integration of System Dynamics(SD)model,Back Propagation Neural Network(BPNN)and Cellular Automata(CA)model is developed with land use/cover scenario changes in northern China in the next 30 years and simulated in this paper.The model is to simulate the land use/cover scenario demands by using a SD model at first,and then allocating the land use scenario patterns at the local scale with the considerations of land use/cover suitability,inheritance ability and neighborhood effect by using BPNN-CA model to satisfy the balance between land use/cover scenario demands and supplies.It integrates the advantages of SD,BPNN and CA.Macro-driving factors and the micro-spatial pattern are also fully taken into account.The BPNN simplifies the identification of the factors’weights used in CA model and improves the reliability of the simulation results.The simulation accuracy of the model developed in this paper was found to be about 74%.It suggests that the model has the ability to reflect the complexity of land use/cover system at different scales to some extent and it is a useful tool for assessing the potential impacts of land use system on ecosystem.The simulated results also indicate that the urban land,water area and forest will increase significantly,and farmland and unable land will decrease gradually.Obvious land use/cover changes will take place in the farming-pastoral zone and the southeast area of northern China.
基金The Special Fund for the Basic Research and Development Program at the Central Non-profit Research Institutes of China(no.CAFYBB2020ZB008)provided financial support for this study
摘要Simulations of land use/land cover(LULC)and ecosystem services(ES),which integrate national land policies,reflect the development of land and ecological functions under different scenarios and are crucial for accurately predicting and optimizing urban ecosystem sustainable development.
基金The Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi Province,No.2020NY-166Project of Special Investigation on Basic Resources of Science and Technology,No.2019FY202501。
摘要Land use/cover change(LUCC)is a major factor affecting net primary production(NPP).According to the LUCC of the Loess Plateau from 2005 to 2015,the LUCC patterns in 2025 in three scenarios were predicted by using the Future Land Use Simulation(FLUS)model.Furthermore,taking the average NPP of various land use/cover types in 16 years as the reference scale,the changes in NPP in multi-scenario simulations are predicted and analyzed,and the impact of different land use/cover transfers on NPP is quantified.The results are as follows:(1)The land use/cover changes greatly in the baseline and fast development scenarios,and changes relatively little in the ecological protection scenarios.(2)The changes in NPP in different scenarios reflected the significant difference in the ecological protection effect.All the three scenarios promote an NPP increase,but the ecological protection scenario can promote NPP increases the most.(3)The changes in NPP caused by LUCC in the three scenarios reflected the significant difference in the various land use/cover types protection effect.Analyzing and predicting NPP changes in multi-scenario LUCC simulations in the future can provide a theoretical basis for decision makers to judge the future changes in ecological environments and ecological protection effects against different policy backgrounds.
基金Under the auspices of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42101251)。
摘要Flood regulation service(FRS)stands as one of the key benefits that people get from the ecosystem.Under the influence of climate change and human activities,the relationship between supply and demand of FRS would increasingly affect regional flood risk and sustainable development.However,there was currently a lack of systematic study on the future supply-demand relationship of FRS in the flood-vulnerable area undergoing rapidly development in China.This study integrated the Scenario Model Intercomparison Project(ScenarioMIP)with the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways(SSPs)datasets and climate model data to quantify the supply-demand ratio(SDR)of FRS in the Yangtze River Delta(YRD),China from 2020 to 2050.Trend analyses were conducted using linear regres-sion,Theil-Sen median estimation,and Hurst exponent analysis,while key drivers of SDR changes were identified and quantified through the Lindeman-Merenda-Gold(LMG)method between 2021 and 2050.Results show that the supply of FRS in the YRD was generally insufficient to meet the demand.The imbalanced subbasins covered 88.24%of the total study area,with 34.48%of this imbal-anced area concentrated in the Southeastern Basin in China.During 2021 and 2050,the imbalance of FRS supply-demand relationship would largely aggravate in the YRD,of which the aggravated area would account for 77.23%.Under different scenarios,the SDR for FRS would decrease significantly,with rates ranging from-5.45×10-4 to-2.06×10-4(P<0.05).Especially,the decline rate of SDR in the YRD Basin(DeltaB)reached 2.92 times that the average of YRD.Human activities were the primary factors that exacerbated the imbalance in FRS supply-demand relationship,of which the relative contribution rate exceeds 75%.Particular attention should be direc-ted toward critical regions like the Southeast Basin in China(SEB)and DeltaB where substantial aggravation of supply-demand imbal-ances of FRS is projected.
摘要Simulation-based learning(SBL)in medical education utilizes technology to simulate medical scenarios within controlled environments[1].This method enables healthcare professionals to hone their skills and make decisions effectively,all without posing any immediate risk to patients[2].In the context of acute disease care,characterized by sudden onset conditions such as myocardial infarctions,strokes,seizures,or traumatic injuries,SBL builds confidence,sharpens decision-making abilities,and enhances overall patient safety.Moreover,SBL can be particularly advantageous for non-medical caregivers by helping them identify signs of sudden health deterioration,recognize early symptoms of emergencies such as sudden chest pain,shortness of breath that are suggestive of myocardial infarctions or altered mental status pointing towards seizures,and detect critical warning signs like intracranial bleeding following head injuries at home.
基金supported by the Second Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program(2019QZKK0405)the Natural Science Research Projects of Dezhou University(2021xjrc106).
摘要The nature reserves have covered one third of the total area of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau(QXP),which play a core role in sustaining regional ecological security.However,there is lack of quantitative evidence on comparing the contribution of nature reserves on the changes of landcover and vegetation coverage for both past and future in QXP.Based on two new datasets,we compared the changes of landcover and vegetation coverage during 2000-2020 inside and outside the nature reserves in QXP.Based on Patch-generating Land Use Simulation model and Pixel-by-pixel Multiple Linear Regression,we spatialized the future landcover and vegetation coverage during 2030-2050 under SSP245 and SSP585 scenarios.The results showed the grassland increased 17.7%inside the nature reserves during 2000-2020,larger than the 12.4%rate of increase outside the nature reserves.Under the SSP245 scenario during 2030-2050,the grassland will increase 12.0%inside and 9.9%outside the nature reserves,and the bare land will decrease 16.9%inside and 19.6%outside the nature reserves.During 2000-2020,the increases of fraction vegetation coverage(FVC)were 0.0015 a−1inside and 0.0013 a−1outside the nature reserve.The FVC increases were not mostly positively correlated with temperature and precipitation,neither inside nor outside the nature reserves.Under the SSP585 scenario during 2030-2050,the increases of FVC were 0.0020 inside and 0.0016 outside the nature reserve.These findings highlight the positive contribution of nature reserves on the ecological security in QXP for both past and future under the fast climate change and increasing human activity.