Programmable metasurfaces have shown exceptional potentials in wireless communications due to their capability to manipulate electromagnetic(EM)waves dynamically and flexibly.However,the large-scale application and fl...Programmable metasurfaces have shown exceptional potentials in wireless communications due to their capability to manipulate electromagnetic(EM)waves dynamically and flexibly.However,the large-scale application and flexible deployment of programmable metasurfaces still face challenges of high communication capacity requirements and stringent energy constraints.Here,we report an ambient-energy-driven space-time-coding metasurface to address these issues.On one hand,the metasurface can achieve efficient space-frequency-division multiplexing manipulations by dynamically controlling multiple frequencies and the spatial propagation directions of reflection EM waves.On the other hand,the shared-aperture ambient solar energy harvesting capability and low power consumption characteristic of the metasurface enable it to be self-powered without relying on any external power supply.To demonstrate these remarkable features,a four-channel wireless communication system prototype is built using the programmable metasurface.Experimental results confirm that four distinct images can be transmitted to four user terminals simultaneously,independently,and in real time with remarkably low energy consumption per bit.Such innovative metasurface provides a simple and effective approach for integrating ambient energy harvesting,multidimensional microwave manipulation,and direct information modulation on a single physical platform,which will advance the wireless communications in cost-effectiveness,enhanced capacity,energy efficiency,and environmental friendliness.展开更多
Intelligent devices have significantly improved our daily lives,but have engendered security and privacy concerns.To mitigate these issues,a real-time intelligent sensing system with privacy protection is proposed bas...Intelligent devices have significantly improved our daily lives,but have engendered security and privacy concerns.To mitigate these issues,a real-time intelligent sensing system with privacy protection is proposed based on a space-timecoding metasurface antenna.The employed metasurface antenna has a low profile,fast programmability,and flexible wavefront reconfiguration capability,enabling single-beam steering across a±60°range with 15°resolution over distances of 0.6-2 m.Through rapid beam steering,timely signal processing,and synchronization optimization,the system achieves precise and realtime target tracking with an ultralow latency of 0.01 s.Crucially,the system is configured to solely detect the presence and movement of individuals without capturing visual images,thus avoiding the privacy risks inherent in video surveillance.This research holds great potential for advancement in smart homes,healthcare systems,and cognitive radars,providing a viable solution to alleviate visual privacy concerns.展开更多
Simultaneous wireless information and power transfer(SWIPT)architecture is commonly applied in wireless sensors or Internet of Things(IoT)devices,providing both wireless power sources and communication channels.Howeve...Simultaneous wireless information and power transfer(SWIPT)architecture is commonly applied in wireless sensors or Internet of Things(IoT)devices,providing both wireless power sources and communication channels.However,the traditional SWIPT transmitter usually suffers from cross-talk distortion caused by the high peak-to-average power ratio of the input signal and the reduction of power amplifier efficiency.This paper proposes a SWIPT transmitting architecture based on an asynchronous space-time-coding digital metasurface(ASTCM).High-efficiency simultaneous transfer of information and power is achieved via energy distribution and information processing of the wireless monophonic signal reflected from the metasurface.We demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed method through theoretical derivations and experimental verification,which is therefore believed to have great potential in wireless communications and the IoT devices.展开更多
Programmable metasurfaces(PMs)have significantly advanced electromagnetic(EM)wave manipulation by enabling real-time and digital reconfigurability.However,the current PM designs encounter challenges in achieving indep...Programmable metasurfaces(PMs)have significantly advanced electromagnetic(EM)wave manipulation by enabling real-time and digital reconfigurability.However,the current PM designs encounter challenges in achieving independent multi-band controls while keeping structural simplicity.Here,we propose a novel single-layer,dual-band PM based on staggered subwavelength structures.The design enables simultaneous and independent 1-bit phase controls in both the X-and Ku-bands within a simplified single-layer architecture.Both simulations and experimental results verify that the proposed PM exhibits minimal inter-band coupling.A prototype of PM is fabricated,demonstrating dual-band EM wave manipulation in both spatial and temporal domains through space-coding and space-time-coding strategies.We construct a space-frequency multiplexing wireless communication system using the proposed PM.This system is capable of establishing concurrent dual-band wireless links between distributed transceivers.The system enables selective disconnection of one frequency band while maintaining reliable connectivity on the other,as validated by the indoor experiments.The proposed design offers promising potential for next-generation reconfigurable wireless communication and radar systems that require simultaneous multi-frequency operations.展开更多
基金supported by the National Science Foundation of China(U23B2015,62288101,62501149)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20251323)+2 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2242023K5002)the 111 Project(111-2-05)the Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(GZB20250145).
摘要Programmable metasurfaces have shown exceptional potentials in wireless communications due to their capability to manipulate electromagnetic(EM)waves dynamically and flexibly.However,the large-scale application and flexible deployment of programmable metasurfaces still face challenges of high communication capacity requirements and stringent energy constraints.Here,we report an ambient-energy-driven space-time-coding metasurface to address these issues.On one hand,the metasurface can achieve efficient space-frequency-division multiplexing manipulations by dynamically controlling multiple frequencies and the spatial propagation directions of reflection EM waves.On the other hand,the shared-aperture ambient solar energy harvesting capability and low power consumption characteristic of the metasurface enable it to be self-powered without relying on any external power supply.To demonstrate these remarkable features,a four-channel wireless communication system prototype is built using the programmable metasurface.Experimental results confirm that four distinct images can be transmitted to four user terminals simultaneously,independently,and in real time with remarkably low energy consumption per bit.Such innovative metasurface provides a simple and effective approach for integrating ambient energy harvesting,multidimensional microwave manipulation,and direct information modulation on a single physical platform,which will advance the wireless communications in cost-effectiveness,enhanced capacity,energy efficiency,and environmental friendliness.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.U2241243,52372101)the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.JQ22010)+2 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.2023ZCJH03)the Teaching Reform Projects at Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications(BUPT)(Grant No.2024Y010)the Fund of State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications(IPOC)(BUPT),China(Grant Nos.IPOC2022ZZ03,IPOC2024ZT13)。
摘要Intelligent devices have significantly improved our daily lives,but have engendered security and privacy concerns.To mitigate these issues,a real-time intelligent sensing system with privacy protection is proposed based on a space-timecoding metasurface antenna.The employed metasurface antenna has a low profile,fast programmability,and flexible wavefront reconfiguration capability,enabling single-beam steering across a±60°range with 15°resolution over distances of 0.6-2 m.Through rapid beam steering,timely signal processing,and synchronization optimization,the system achieves precise and realtime target tracking with an ultralow latency of 0.01 s.Crucially,the system is configured to solely detect the presence and movement of individuals without capturing visual images,thus avoiding the privacy risks inherent in video surveillance.This research holds great potential for advancement in smart homes,healthcare systems,and cognitive radars,providing a viable solution to alleviate visual privacy concerns.
基金supported by the Program of Song Shan Laboratory(included in the management of Major Science and Technology Program of Henan Province)(Nos.221100211300-03 and 221100211300-02)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2018YFA0701904)+5 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.62288101,61731010,62201139,and U22A2001)the 111 Project(No.111-2-05)the Jiangsu Province Frontier Leading Technology Basic Research Project(No.BK20212002)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.2242022k60003)the National Natural Science Foundation(NSFC)for Distinguished Young Scholars of China(No.62225108)the Southeast University-China Mobile Research Institute Joint Innovation Center(No.R207010101125D9).
摘要Simultaneous wireless information and power transfer(SWIPT)architecture is commonly applied in wireless sensors or Internet of Things(IoT)devices,providing both wireless power sources and communication channels.However,the traditional SWIPT transmitter usually suffers from cross-talk distortion caused by the high peak-to-average power ratio of the input signal and the reduction of power amplifier efficiency.This paper proposes a SWIPT transmitting architecture based on an asynchronous space-time-coding digital metasurface(ASTCM).High-efficiency simultaneous transfer of information and power is achieved via energy distribution and information processing of the wireless monophonic signal reflected from the metasurface.We demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed method through theoretical derivations and experimental verification,which is therefore believed to have great potential in wireless communications and the IoT devices.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2023YFB3811504)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.62288101,62101123,U22A2001,and 62201136)+1 种基金the Jiangsu Province Frontier Leading Technology Basic Research Project(Grant No.BK20212002)the 111 Project(Grant No.111-2-05).
摘要Programmable metasurfaces(PMs)have significantly advanced electromagnetic(EM)wave manipulation by enabling real-time and digital reconfigurability.However,the current PM designs encounter challenges in achieving independent multi-band controls while keeping structural simplicity.Here,we propose a novel single-layer,dual-band PM based on staggered subwavelength structures.The design enables simultaneous and independent 1-bit phase controls in both the X-and Ku-bands within a simplified single-layer architecture.Both simulations and experimental results verify that the proposed PM exhibits minimal inter-band coupling.A prototype of PM is fabricated,demonstrating dual-band EM wave manipulation in both spatial and temporal domains through space-coding and space-time-coding strategies.We construct a space-frequency multiplexing wireless communication system using the proposed PM.This system is capable of establishing concurrent dual-band wireless links between distributed transceivers.The system enables selective disconnection of one frequency band while maintaining reliable connectivity on the other,as validated by the indoor experiments.The proposed design offers promising potential for next-generation reconfigurable wireless communication and radar systems that require simultaneous multi-frequency operations.