1.Introduction Sustainable development is widely regarded as a crucial way for human civilization to survive.To operationalize sustainability across social,economic,and environmental dimensions,the United Nations adop...1.Introduction Sustainable development is widely regarded as a crucial way for human civilization to survive.To operationalize sustainability across social,economic,and environmental dimensions,the United Nations adopted the 17 Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)and 169 targets as part of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development in 2015(United Nations,2015).Until 2025,with the joint efforts of the world,SDGs have made significant progress in social resource allocation,disease prevention and control,and energy transformation,but the current rate of change remains insufficient to achieve all SDGs in 2030(United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs,2025).How to accelerate the high-quality implementation of SDGs,with only four years left until 2030,is one of the core issues in current sustainable development research.展开更多
1.Background The United Nations(UN)2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development,adopted in 2015,established the Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)as a comprehensive framework to address global challenges through interconn...1.Background The United Nations(UN)2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development,adopted in 2015,established the Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)as a comprehensive framework to address global challenges through interconnected social,economic,and environmental targets.展开更多
The Qilian Mountains(QLMs),a critical transitional zone between China's cold and arid regions,serve as a vital ecological security barrier and water conservation area.Their sustainable development is essential for...The Qilian Mountains(QLMs),a critical transitional zone between China's cold and arid regions,serve as a vital ecological security barrier and water conservation area.Their sustainable development is essential for achieving regional ecological civilization and coordinated socio-economic progress.This study,grounded in ecological carrying capacity theory,established a comprehensive evaluation index system for the QLMs,delineated ecological functional zones using natural and socioeconomic data from 2001–2020,and then explored six sustainable development modes.Results revealed significant spatial heterogeneity in ecological carrying capacity in QLMs from 2001 to 2020,based on which ecological red line(32.02%),yellow line(40.30%),and green line(27.68%)zones were designated.The red,yellow,and green line zones correspond to priority conservation,conservation-development coordination,and appropriate development areas,respectively.For different zones,six differentiated development modes were proposed,the ecological conservation mode emphasized strict protection and systematic restoration to secure key ecological functions.The ecological compensation mode used institutionalized compensation to offset conservation costs and improve both protection performance and livelihoods.The ecological tourism mode leveraged natural and cultural resources to generate green income.The aboriginal integration mode strengthened resilience through livelihood transition and cultural continuity.The community co-management mode enhanced local governance through shared rights,responsibilities,and benefits.The social participation mode reinforced regional governance via multi-actor collaboration and resource integration.Overall,ecological red line zones emphasized conservation and compensation,yellow line zones balanced social participation,while green line zones integrated all six modes.This study provided actionable solutions to resolve the conflict between ecological protection and economic development in the QLMs,and offered a replicable‘assessment-zoning-modeling'framework for sustainable development in other ecologically fragile and barrier regions in China.展开更多
Pursuing sustainable growth of Farmland Green Production Efficiency(FGPE)is crucial for achieving multiple Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs),particularly SDG2(Zero Hunger),SDG 12(Responsible Consumption and Producti...Pursuing sustainable growth of Farmland Green Production Efficiency(FGPE)is crucial for achieving multiple Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs),particularly SDG2(Zero Hunger),SDG 12(Responsible Consumption and Production),SDG13(Climate Action),and SDG 15(Life on Land)in ecologically fragile basins.However,the dynamics,drivers,and challenges of FGPE remain underexplored within the SDGs framework,especially at finer spatial scale and across coupled“society-economy-policy-climate”(SEPC)drivers.This study develops an FGPE assessment framework through SDGs lens,utilizing“elements-processes-functions-drivers”paradigm and data from 447 counties in the Yellow River Basin(YRB)from 2000 to 2022.We apply super-efficiency Slacks-Based Measure and Malmquist-Luenberger(SBM-ML),spatial correlation analysis,and geographically and temporally weighted regression models to assess FGPE growth challenges.Results reveal a“U-shaped”trend in the number of high-FGPE counties,with a rapid increase after 2016.Specifically,FGPE across the YRB increased by 97.6%from 2000 to 2022,though spatial correlation declined by 44.7%,indicating weakening spatial spillover effect.Despite the overall progress,the YRB still faces multiple challenges,including uneven regional development,weakening spatial correlation,climate sensitivity,economic structural shift,and weak policy effect.The findings highlight that FGPE improvement align with key SDGs targets,including enhancing food security(SDG 2),promoting sustainable production(SDG 12),increasing climate resilience(SDG 13),and conserving land ecosystems(SDG 15).Region-specific strategies are recommended:enhancing climate resilience and ecological conservation in the upper reaches,promoting technological diffusion via urban-industrial transformation in the middle reaches,and advancing green agricultural technologies with more local financial support in the lower reaches.展开更多
Floodplain wetlands are invaluable ecosystems providing numerous ecological benefits,yet they face a global crisis necessitating sustainable preservation efforts.This study examines the depletion of floodplain wetland...Floodplain wetlands are invaluable ecosystems providing numerous ecological benefits,yet they face a global crisis necessitating sustainable preservation efforts.This study examines the depletion of floodplain wetlands within the Hastinapur Wildlife Sanctuary(HWLS)in Uttar Pradesh.Encroachment activities such as grazing,agriculture,and human settlements have fragmented and degraded critical wetland ecosystems.Additionally,irrigation projects,dam construction,and water diversion have disrupted natural water flow and availability.To assess wetland inundation in 2023,five classification techniques were employed:Random Forest(RF),Support Vector Machine(SVM),artificial neural network(ANN),Spectral Information Divergence(SID),and Maximum Likelihood Classifier(MLC).SVM emerged as the most precise method,as determined by kappa coefficient and index-based validation.Consequently,the SVM classifier was used to model wetland inundation areas from 1983 to 2023 and analyze spatiotemporal changes and fragmentation patterns.The findings revealed that the SVM clas-sifier accurately mapped 2023 wetland areas.The modeled time-series data demonstrated a 62.55%and 38.12%reduction in inundated wetland areas over the past 40 years in the pre-and post-monsoon periods,respectively.Fragmentation analysis indicated an 86.27%decrease in large core wetland areas in the pre-monsoon period,signifying severe habitat degradation.This rapid decline in wetlands within protected areas raises concerns about their ecological impacts.By linking wetland loss to global sustainability objectives,this study underscores the global urgency for strengthened wetland protection measures and highlights the need for integrating wetland conservation into broader sustainable development goals.Effective policies and adaptive management strategies are crucial for preserving these ecosystems and their vital services,which are essential for biodiversity,climate regulation,and human well-being.展开更多
The core of the dual circulation mutual promotion strategy of the Loess Plateau and the greening Yellow River Basin(YRB)in China is sustainable green and high-quality development.Gully agricultural production greening...The core of the dual circulation mutual promotion strategy of the Loess Plateau and the greening Yellow River Basin(YRB)in China is sustainable green and high-quality development.Gully agricultural production greening transformation(GAGP)is vital to this,and can be achieved by escaping gully-related social-ecological traps and moving towards a more sustainable Loess Plateau.This study investigated the spatiotemporal pattern of GAGP in the Loess Plateau,and analyzed its transformation stage,process characteristics,and greening trend by using emergy analysis and improved human impact population affluence technology model(IPATM).The results show the following.1)From 2000 to 2020,the structure of GAGP in the Loess Plateau experienced cascading transitions.The main results show that total output emergy(amount of energy consumed in direct and indirect transformations to make a product or service)of GAGP in the Loess Plateau increased from 2.76E+22 sej in 2000 to 1.38E+23 sej in 2020,with 42.79%growth in input emergy and 71.33%growth in non-renewable emergy.In general,gully agricultural production in the Loess Plateau has entered a new development stage of balanced structural adaptation adjustments.2)Over 20 years of monitoring,the degree of GAGP development in the Loess Plateau gradually increased.The lower emergy sustainability index(ESI)indicates that GAGP sustainability is not yet close to sustainable development.3)IPATM analysis indicates that rapid urbanization and technological innovation have led to an increase in the total amount of energy utilization.The study highlights the policy insight that implementing GAGP could improve the efficiency and optimize the structure of the gully agricultural regional function by applying geographic engineering practices.The research results provide insights about gully-focused rural transformation,crop planting adjustments,improvements in gully living environments,and ways to move to sustainable development of China's Loess Plateau.展开更多
1.Background Following the concept of Ecosystem Services(ES),the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services(IPBES)developed the principle of nature’s contributions to people(NCP)...1.Background Following the concept of Ecosystem Services(ES),the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services(IPBES)developed the principle of nature’s contributions to people(NCP),defined as“all the positive and negative contributions of living nature to people.”展开更多
Challenges to the sustainable development of polymeric materials,Thanks to their advantageous properties,which include low density,processability,and chemical resistance,organic polymers have become indispensable mate...Challenges to the sustainable development of polymeric materials,Thanks to their advantageous properties,which include low density,processability,and chemical resistance,organic polymers have become indispensable materials in modern society,with widespread applications across the packaging,consumer-product,textile,electrical,transportation,building-and-construction,industrial machinery,agriculture,healthcare,and other industries.Global polymer production currently exceeds 500 million tonnes annually.However,this massive scale of manufacturing and consumption has created critical sustainability challenges in terms of resource consumption and environmental impact.展开更多
Reconciling biodiversity conservation with economic advancement represents a defining challenge of the Anthropocene epoch.Although ecotourism is widely promoted as a strategy capable of delivering both environmental a...Reconciling biodiversity conservation with economic advancement represents a defining challenge of the Anthropocene epoch.Although ecotourism is widely promoted as a strategy capable of delivering both environmental and developmental benefits,empirical evidence regarding its ecological and socioeconomic impacts remains limited.This study critically examined the Hide-in-Bird Pond(HIBP)model,a rapidly expanding,community-based avitourism framework in China that integrates targeted wildlife provisioning with concealed infrastructure for bird observation,simultaneously establishing a novel income source for economically marginalized rural regions through ecotourism.Semi-structured online interviews were conducted with 98 HIBP operators,and thematic analysis was applied to evaluate current developmental patterns,spatial distribution,and conservation outcomes.A total of 251 HIBP sites were identified across China,predominantly located in biodiversity-rich but economically marginalized regions.These sites collectively supported 524 bird species—36%of China's avifauna—including 148 species classified as nationally protected or threatened(38%of nationally listed bird taxa).These findings suggest that HIBP can serve as an integrative socio-ecological platform that aligns conservation objectives with sustainable rural development.However,the absence of standardized governance frameworks and ecological safeguards poses significant risks to biodiversity an d long-term sustainability.Implementation of science-based adaptive management systems,incorporating systematic biodiversity monitoring,inclusive stakeholder coordination,and certified sustainable tourism protocols,is critical to ensure ecological integrity and sectoral resilience.These findings offer novel insights into aligning conservation objectives with economic development across regions characterized by high biodiversity and persistent economic disadvantage.展开更多
Urban agglomerations,representing a high-level organizational form of urbanization,play an increasingly vital role in promoting sustainable development.These regions attract substantial population inflows due to their...Urban agglomerations,representing a high-level organizational form of urbanization,play an increasingly vital role in promoting sustainable development.These regions attract substantial population inflows due to their robust economic foundations and advanced public service facilities.To assess this dynamic,an evaluation index system for urban sustainable development goals(SDGs)was constructed based on the United Nations SDGs framework.Using three representative urban agglomerations of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei(BTH),Yangtze River Delta(YRD),and Chengdu-Chongqing(CY)in China as case studies,this research explores the realization of SDGs since the construction of the urban agglomerations and its coupling with population changes by combining multifactorial analysis and the coupling coordination degree model.Results reveal that SDG scores in these cities have increased by an average of 25.33%since 2005.Scores in central cities are significantly higher than the average,and the gap between cities is narrowing.However,there are still trade-offs among some of the goals.Additionally,the process of SDGs realization in core cities with large populations is largely coordinated with population growth.The findings provide a reference for urban agglomerations to adopt cross-regional collaborative governance measures to achieve the SDGs.展开更多
As the pivotal component of the innovation-driven strategy, green innovation has been increasingly recognized as a viable pathway to achieve harmony among economy, society,and ecological environment. Therefore, it hol...As the pivotal component of the innovation-driven strategy, green innovation has been increasingly recognized as a viable pathway to achieve harmony among economy, society,and ecological environment. Therefore, it holds significant guiding implications to investigate how green innovation drives the improvement in urban sustainable development efficiency. Employing China's prefecture-level panel dataset (excluding Xizang Autonomous Region, Hong Kong Special Administration Region, Macao Special Administration Region,and Taiwan Province due to missing data) during 2004-2022, this study evaluated the direction and extent of the impact of green innovation on urban sustainable development efficiency through adopting combining super-efficiency Slack Based Measure (SBM) model and Driving-Pressure-State-Impact-Response (DPSIR)framework. The results indicated that green innovation could make improvements in urban sustainable development efficiency through improving energy efficiency and driving industrial structure upgrading. In addition, compared with utility model green innovation,invention-based green innovation exerted a more pronounced role in urban sustainable development efficiency. Heterogeneity tests demonstrated that large cities and cluster cities enable themselves to enhance urban sustainable development efficiency through green innovation more than small to medium-sized cities and non-cluster cities. Spatial analysis revealed that green innovation imposes a significant spillover effect. Specifically,supported by the pollution haven hypothesis and siphon effect, the increased green innovation level in the neighboring cities may inhabit the local city's sustainable development efficiency to certain degree. Based on these findings, the government can regularly hold cross-city seminars to share green technology case studies and provide financial and technological compensation to surrounding areas that have sacrificed development opportunities for the sake of protecting the environment, so as to better promote China's green innovation capability and sustainable development efficiency.展开更多
Expanding economic potential and protecting the environment,while facing mounting climate and biodiversity stress,is becoming the challenge of environmental resource management.This review explores developments and on...Expanding economic potential and protecting the environment,while facing mounting climate and biodiversity stress,is becoming the challenge of environmental resource management.This review explores developments and ongoing obstacles in six areas of resource of the Sustainable Development Goal(SDG)that include water;land,soils,and food systems;forests and terrestrial carbon biodiversity governance;oceans,coasts,and fisheries;biodiversity connectivity;and extractives and energy-transition supply chains.Most of the interventions continue to ignore ecological thresholds,accruing effects,and cross-system feedbacks,whereas monitoring systems focus on measures of activity rather than confirmed results.Conversely,sustained improvement is most frequently associated with integrated governance,which incorporates open measurement,implementation,rights-based participation,and fair distribution of benefits.Local conservation is often overwhelmed by market forces of demand and structural forces,including subsidies,supply chains,and investment in infrastructure,which fail to stop leakage or war,unless accountability mechanisms are in place.Climate change also aggravates set baselines and puts forward the importance of adaptive regulation,spatial planning,and diversified portfolios,which combine engineered reliability with ecosystem resilience.The review brings out current SDG priorities,which include outcome-based indicators,causal evaluation,governance structures that enhance legitimacy,and transition planning that harmonizes the mineral sourcing,renewable deployment,biodiversity,and water limits.Combined,these observations indicate that striking the balance between ecology and economy is possible when ecological boundaries are under consideration as binding constraints and equity is perceived as a source of sustainability.展开更多
The development of remote sensing has seen the creation of a global measurement infrastructure of sustainable development due to growing multipolar archives,rising revisit frequency,and the availability of cloud-acces...The development of remote sensing has seen the creation of a global measurement infrastructure of sustainable development due to growing multipolar archives,rising revisit frequency,and the availability of cloud-accessible platforms of Earth observation.This review summarizes how remote sensing big data is being organized into decision-grade sustainability intelligence,the new approaches to analytics,and how Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)-oriented application pathways inter-relate action pathways that bridge observations with action.The terminologies like new data ecosystem,data readiness and interoperability,changing economics of scalable computation,and detailing the functions of diversity of modalities(optical,Synthetic Aperture Radar—SAR,thermal,Light Detection and Ranging—LiDAR,hyperspectral)have been defined.These themes of analytics,which are transforming the practice of operational analytics,are then condensed:foundations and self-supervised learning of transferable representations,multi-modal fusion to gap fill and richer inference,spatiotemporal intelligence to trend of early warning,physics-aware hybrid methods to enhance robustness and meaning under non-stationary conditions.Across the climate risk,food systems,water resources,sustainable cities,ecosystems and biodiversity,energy transitions,and health exposure pathways,the roles of Earth Observation(EO)products as direct measures and proxies,and concepts of validating,semantic comparability,and communicating uncertainties play a key role in EO products becoming credible when faced with high-stakes deployment decisions.Lastly,we chart world ways of implementation via monitoring services,early warning systems,and systems of multiple regimes,and previously underline cross-cutting priorities,scalable structures in validation,performance,so that domains of shift,agreeable governance,and Dual-use risk safeguards,and sustainable lifecycle support of EO services.These priorities form a realistic set of priorities on the alignment of remote sensing innovation with quantifiable SDGs progress.展开更多
This research discusses the core concepts,evolutionary trajectories,inherent differences and intrinsic interconnections between carbon-based and silicon-based life forms.On this basis,we further analyze the potential ...This research discusses the core concepts,evolutionary trajectories,inherent differences and intrinsic interconnections between carbon-based and silicon-based life forms.On this basis,we further analyze the potential risks brought by the unbalanced development of carbon and silicon economies.Then we point out a critical reality:although silicon-based life still depends on the assistance of carbon-based life for its evolution at present,the unconstrained growth of the silicon-based economy may ultimately undermine the survival and development of carbon-based economies and carbon-based life itself.We also give the solutions under our new theory,using the revenue and time saved from the silicon-based economy to subsidize the carbon-based economy,and producing more ecological products.The study proposes 6 strategic recommendations:(1)human society should establish a carbon-based life community;(2)environmental institutions produce more essential ecological products for the community,not only for human life;(3)all stakeholders take advantage of silicon-based life while also restricting its unlimited development;(4)countries and industries give full play to the positive role of the silicon-based economy in climate change mitigation and carbon-based life health;(5)relevant governance bodies enable AI to Participate in politics,assist in formulating policies and implement them fairly.(6)regions and economic entities develop diverse carbon-based economies based on the non-monetary trading system.展开更多
Mature exploration and development areas constitute the core foundation for safeguarding national energy security.However,prolonged development has given rise to a range of increasingly prominent challenges,including ...Mature exploration and development areas constitute the core foundation for safeguarding national energy security.However,prolonged development has given rise to a range of increasingly prominent challenges,including declining production capacity,shrinking profit margins,and tightening environmental constraints,all of which have become significant impediments to achieving sustainable development in these areas.Grounded in the theoretical evolution of sustainable development and drawing on the core framework of ESG evaluation,this study defines the essential connotations of sustainable development for oil fields,constructs a threedimensional evaluation system encompassing sustainable production capacity,sustainable profitability,and environmental management capability,and establishes a corresponding set of key indicators.On this basis,the study systematically analyzes the development challenges confronting mature exploration and development areas across these three dimensions,and proposes targeted implementation strategies at the levels of technological innovation,cost control,and coordinated environmental governance.The findings of this study provide theoretical grounding and practical reference for mature exploration and development areas in China to overcome development bottlenecks and establish replicable sustainable development modes,thereby supporting the coordinated advancement of national energy security and the maritime power strategy.展开更多
China is carving out a distinctive development path which features urban-rural integration.This approach has not only yielded tangible results domestically but also drawn the attention of other countries.
The last three years have seen activities towards developing a new international development framework to succeed the Millennium Development Goals(MDGs)in 2015.In September 2014,the UN Open Working Group[OWG]on Sustai...The last three years have seen activities towards developing a new international development framework to succeed the Millennium Development Goals(MDGs)in 2015.In September 2014,the UN Open Working Group[OWG]on Sustainable Development Goals[SDGs]presented the Final Outcome Document containing 17 Goals to the UN General Assembly[UNGA].A final document is expected to be adopted at a meeting of Heads of States and Governments in September 2015.In many developing countries,spatial patterns of poverty,food insecurity,maternal health and child mortality highly correlate with remoteness and lack of transport.According to the World Bank,transport puts development goals within reach through its enabling role to other sectors of a nation’s economy(World Bank,2008).Achievement of many development targets such as the ones proposed in the SDG are highly dependent on the availability,reliability and affordability of transport.The SDG framework that is now in its final stages of negotiations does not make explicit recognition of transport as a key enabler in achievement of many of the proposed Goals.This paper argues that for sustainable development to be achieved,the profile of transport as an enabler of inclusive growth and a key to poverty eradication should be strengthened in the SDG framework.展开更多
The 17 Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)for 2030,adopted by all United Nations member states in 2015,are facing a range of challenges.Factors such as climate change,regional conflicts and economic recession are havi...The 17 Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)for 2030,adopted by all United Nations member states in 2015,are facing a range of challenges.Factors such as climate change,regional conflicts and economic recession are having a significant impact,particularly on global poverty governance.As a platform for dialogue,exchange and technical cooperation,the 2025 International Seminar on Global Poverty Reduction Partnerships was held in Beijing on 10 December 2025.展开更多
With the advancement of the global sustainable development agenda,interdisciplinary research on Education for Sustainable Development(ESD)has gained increasing attention.Through a bibliometric analysis of 529 articles...With the advancement of the global sustainable development agenda,interdisciplinary research on Education for Sustainable Development(ESD)has gained increasing attention.Through a bibliometric analysis of 529 articles in the Web of Science Core Collection,this study analyzes the current status of the research and the trends in the area of the intersection of ESD and art education.Findings indicate that the increase in publications is significant after 2013.Co-citation and co-word analyses indicate that existing studies mainly focus on macro-level themes such as conceptual evolution,policy discourse,ecological ethics,and action competence,while art education remains weakly connected and lacks an independent research cluster.This is an indicator that the current research in art education on ESD remains in its early years with significant structural deficiencies.However,there are also new interdisciplinary connections,which show the potential for significant growth.By mapping the knowledge structure of the field,this study identifies theoretical foundations,research gaps,and future directions,offering insights for the systematic integration of ESD into art education.展开更多
Each spring,China’s largest political gathering,the Two Sessions,brings together the National People’s Congress and the National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference to set the nation...Each spring,China’s largest political gathering,the Two Sessions,brings together the National People’s Congress and the National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference to set the nation’s broad policy direction for the year.展开更多
基金supported by the Key Special Project of“Intergovernmental International Scientific and Technological Innovation Cooperation”in the National Key Research and Development Program(Grant No.2025YFE0111302)the Ningbo Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.2024J013)the Natural Science Foundation of Xiamen,China(Grants No.3502Z202573087 and 3502Z202572040)。
摘要1.Introduction Sustainable development is widely regarded as a crucial way for human civilization to survive.To operationalize sustainability across social,economic,and environmental dimensions,the United Nations adopted the 17 Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)and 169 targets as part of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development in 2015(United Nations,2015).Until 2025,with the joint efforts of the world,SDGs have made significant progress in social resource allocation,disease prevention and control,and energy transformation,but the current rate of change remains insufficient to achieve all SDGs in 2030(United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs,2025).How to accelerate the high-quality implementation of SDGs,with only four years left until 2030,is one of the core issues in current sustainable development research.
摘要1.Background The United Nations(UN)2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development,adopted in 2015,established the Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)as a comprehensive framework to address global challenges through interconnected social,economic,and environmental targets.
基金Under the auspices of Ecological Civilization Special Project of Key Research&Development Program in Gansu Province(No.24YFFA009)Gansu Provincial Science and Technology Planning Project(No.24ZD13FA004)+3 种基金Top Talent Project of Gansu province(No.GS202307)Gansu Provincial Science and Technology Program for Leading Talents in Science and Technology Innovation(No.25RCKA026)Gansu Province Youth Talent Program(Individual Project)(No.2025QNGR53)Lanzhou TalentDriven City Development Initiative(No.LZ202401)。
摘要The Qilian Mountains(QLMs),a critical transitional zone between China's cold and arid regions,serve as a vital ecological security barrier and water conservation area.Their sustainable development is essential for achieving regional ecological civilization and coordinated socio-economic progress.This study,grounded in ecological carrying capacity theory,established a comprehensive evaluation index system for the QLMs,delineated ecological functional zones using natural and socioeconomic data from 2001–2020,and then explored six sustainable development modes.Results revealed significant spatial heterogeneity in ecological carrying capacity in QLMs from 2001 to 2020,based on which ecological red line(32.02%),yellow line(40.30%),and green line(27.68%)zones were designated.The red,yellow,and green line zones correspond to priority conservation,conservation-development coordination,and appropriate development areas,respectively.For different zones,six differentiated development modes were proposed,the ecological conservation mode emphasized strict protection and systematic restoration to secure key ecological functions.The ecological compensation mode used institutionalized compensation to offset conservation costs and improve both protection performance and livelihoods.The ecological tourism mode leveraged natural and cultural resources to generate green income.The aboriginal integration mode strengthened resilience through livelihood transition and cultural continuity.The community co-management mode enhanced local governance through shared rights,responsibilities,and benefits.The social participation mode reinforced regional governance via multi-actor collaboration and resource integration.Overall,ecological red line zones emphasized conservation and compensation,yellow line zones balanced social participation,while green line zones integrated all six modes.This study provided actionable solutions to resolve the conflict between ecological protection and economic development in the QLMs,and offered a replicable‘assessment-zoning-modeling'framework for sustainable development in other ecologically fragile and barrier regions in China.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants No.42171267 and 42201291)the Innovation Capability Support Program of Shaanxi in China-Youth Science and Technology Star Project(Grant No.2024ZC-KJXX-052)+1 种基金the Social Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province(Grant No.2023R032)and the Northwest A&F University Doctoral Candidates’Independent Innovation Research Project Funding(Grant No.2025KYCXZ28).
摘要Pursuing sustainable growth of Farmland Green Production Efficiency(FGPE)is crucial for achieving multiple Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs),particularly SDG2(Zero Hunger),SDG 12(Responsible Consumption and Production),SDG13(Climate Action),and SDG 15(Life on Land)in ecologically fragile basins.However,the dynamics,drivers,and challenges of FGPE remain underexplored within the SDGs framework,especially at finer spatial scale and across coupled“society-economy-policy-climate”(SEPC)drivers.This study develops an FGPE assessment framework through SDGs lens,utilizing“elements-processes-functions-drivers”paradigm and data from 447 counties in the Yellow River Basin(YRB)from 2000 to 2022.We apply super-efficiency Slacks-Based Measure and Malmquist-Luenberger(SBM-ML),spatial correlation analysis,and geographically and temporally weighted regression models to assess FGPE growth challenges.Results reveal a“U-shaped”trend in the number of high-FGPE counties,with a rapid increase after 2016.Specifically,FGPE across the YRB increased by 97.6%from 2000 to 2022,though spatial correlation declined by 44.7%,indicating weakening spatial spillover effect.Despite the overall progress,the YRB still faces multiple challenges,including uneven regional development,weakening spatial correlation,climate sensitivity,economic structural shift,and weak policy effect.The findings highlight that FGPE improvement align with key SDGs targets,including enhancing food security(SDG 2),promoting sustainable production(SDG 12),increasing climate resilience(SDG 13),and conserving land ecosystems(SDG 15).Region-specific strategies are recommended:enhancing climate resilience and ecological conservation in the upper reaches,promoting technological diffusion via urban-industrial transformation in the middle reaches,and advancing green agricultural technologies with more local financial support in the lower reaches.
基金support through the“Trans-Disciplinary Research”Grant(No.R/Dev/IoE/TDRProjects/2023-24/61658),which played a crucial role in enabling this research endeavor.
摘要Floodplain wetlands are invaluable ecosystems providing numerous ecological benefits,yet they face a global crisis necessitating sustainable preservation efforts.This study examines the depletion of floodplain wetlands within the Hastinapur Wildlife Sanctuary(HWLS)in Uttar Pradesh.Encroachment activities such as grazing,agriculture,and human settlements have fragmented and degraded critical wetland ecosystems.Additionally,irrigation projects,dam construction,and water diversion have disrupted natural water flow and availability.To assess wetland inundation in 2023,five classification techniques were employed:Random Forest(RF),Support Vector Machine(SVM),artificial neural network(ANN),Spectral Information Divergence(SID),and Maximum Likelihood Classifier(MLC).SVM emerged as the most precise method,as determined by kappa coefficient and index-based validation.Consequently,the SVM classifier was used to model wetland inundation areas from 1983 to 2023 and analyze spatiotemporal changes and fragmentation patterns.The findings revealed that the SVM clas-sifier accurately mapped 2023 wetland areas.The modeled time-series data demonstrated a 62.55%and 38.12%reduction in inundated wetland areas over the past 40 years in the pre-and post-monsoon periods,respectively.Fragmentation analysis indicated an 86.27%decrease in large core wetland areas in the pre-monsoon period,signifying severe habitat degradation.This rapid decline in wetlands within protected areas raises concerns about their ecological impacts.By linking wetland loss to global sustainability objectives,this study underscores the global urgency for strengthened wetland protection measures and highlights the need for integrating wetland conservation into broader sustainable development goals.Effective policies and adaptive management strategies are crucial for preserving these ecosystems and their vital services,which are essential for biodiversity,climate regulation,and human well-being.
基金Under the auspices of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.T2261129477,42101202)Chongqing Social Science Planning Project(No.2025NDYB075)。
摘要The core of the dual circulation mutual promotion strategy of the Loess Plateau and the greening Yellow River Basin(YRB)in China is sustainable green and high-quality development.Gully agricultural production greening transformation(GAGP)is vital to this,and can be achieved by escaping gully-related social-ecological traps and moving towards a more sustainable Loess Plateau.This study investigated the spatiotemporal pattern of GAGP in the Loess Plateau,and analyzed its transformation stage,process characteristics,and greening trend by using emergy analysis and improved human impact population affluence technology model(IPATM).The results show the following.1)From 2000 to 2020,the structure of GAGP in the Loess Plateau experienced cascading transitions.The main results show that total output emergy(amount of energy consumed in direct and indirect transformations to make a product or service)of GAGP in the Loess Plateau increased from 2.76E+22 sej in 2000 to 1.38E+23 sej in 2020,with 42.79%growth in input emergy and 71.33%growth in non-renewable emergy.In general,gully agricultural production in the Loess Plateau has entered a new development stage of balanced structural adaptation adjustments.2)Over 20 years of monitoring,the degree of GAGP development in the Loess Plateau gradually increased.The lower emergy sustainability index(ESI)indicates that GAGP sustainability is not yet close to sustainable development.3)IPATM analysis indicates that rapid urbanization and technological innovation have led to an increase in the total amount of energy utilization.The study highlights the policy insight that implementing GAGP could improve the efficiency and optimize the structure of the gully agricultural regional function by applying geographic engineering practices.The research results provide insights about gully-focused rural transformation,crop planting adjustments,improvements in gully living environments,and ways to move to sustainable development of China's Loess Plateau.
基金funded by the European Union NextGeneration EU through the National Recovery and Resilience Plan, Component 9. I8, grant number 760104/May 23, 2023, code CF 245/November 29, 2022supported by the project “Sensing, Mapping, Interconnecting: Tools for soil functions and services evaluation” supported by the Romanian Government, Ministry of the Innovation and Digitization through the National Recovery and Resilience Plan (PNRR) PNRR-IIIC9-2022-I8, contract no. CF245/29.11.2022+2 种基金supported by the 111 Project of China (Grant No. B23027)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of Chinacontributes to the Global-DEP II (Global Dryland Ecosystem Program Phase 2)
摘要1.Background Following the concept of Ecosystem Services(ES),the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services(IPBES)developed the principle of nature’s contributions to people(NCP),defined as“all the positive and negative contributions of living nature to people.”
基金supported by the Science and Technology Project of China National Petroleum Corporation(CNPC)(2023DQ0709 and 2025DQ0731)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22575164,22293063,and 52442308)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2020SCUNL205)the 111 Center(B20001)。
摘要Challenges to the sustainable development of polymeric materials,Thanks to their advantageous properties,which include low density,processability,and chemical resistance,organic polymers have become indispensable materials in modern society,with widespread applications across the packaging,consumer-product,textile,electrical,transportation,building-and-construction,industrial machinery,agriculture,healthcare,and other industries.Global polymer production currently exceeds 500 million tonnes annually.However,this massive scale of manufacturing and consumption has created critical sustainability challenges in terms of resource consumption and environmental impact.
基金supported by the Gaoligong Mountain Ecological Function Enhancement and Sustainable Development Technology Research(202303AC1000120303)Gaoligong Mountain Ecological Function Enhancement and Invasive Plant Species Prevention and Control Technology Project(2022YFF130240304)National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFC2602500)。
摘要Reconciling biodiversity conservation with economic advancement represents a defining challenge of the Anthropocene epoch.Although ecotourism is widely promoted as a strategy capable of delivering both environmental and developmental benefits,empirical evidence regarding its ecological and socioeconomic impacts remains limited.This study critically examined the Hide-in-Bird Pond(HIBP)model,a rapidly expanding,community-based avitourism framework in China that integrates targeted wildlife provisioning with concealed infrastructure for bird observation,simultaneously establishing a novel income source for economically marginalized rural regions through ecotourism.Semi-structured online interviews were conducted with 98 HIBP operators,and thematic analysis was applied to evaluate current developmental patterns,spatial distribution,and conservation outcomes.A total of 251 HIBP sites were identified across China,predominantly located in biodiversity-rich but economically marginalized regions.These sites collectively supported 524 bird species—36%of China's avifauna—including 148 species classified as nationally protected or threatened(38%of nationally listed bird taxa).These findings suggest that HIBP can serve as an integrative socio-ecological platform that aligns conservation objectives with sustainable rural development.However,the absence of standardized governance frameworks and ecological safeguards poses significant risks to biodiversity an d long-term sustainability.Implementation of science-based adaptive management systems,incorporating systematic biodiversity monitoring,inclusive stakeholder coordination,and certified sustainable tourism protocols,is critical to ensure ecological integrity and sectoral resilience.These findings offer novel insights into aligning conservation objectives with economic development across regions characterized by high biodiversity and persistent economic disadvantage.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.32471745。
摘要Urban agglomerations,representing a high-level organizational form of urbanization,play an increasingly vital role in promoting sustainable development.These regions attract substantial population inflows due to their robust economic foundations and advanced public service facilities.To assess this dynamic,an evaluation index system for urban sustainable development goals(SDGs)was constructed based on the United Nations SDGs framework.Using three representative urban agglomerations of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei(BTH),Yangtze River Delta(YRD),and Chengdu-Chongqing(CY)in China as case studies,this research explores the realization of SDGs since the construction of the urban agglomerations and its coupling with population changes by combining multifactorial analysis and the coupling coordination degree model.Results reveal that SDG scores in these cities have increased by an average of 25.33%since 2005.Scores in central cities are significantly higher than the average,and the gap between cities is narrowing.However,there are still trade-offs among some of the goals.Additionally,the process of SDGs realization in core cities with large populations is largely coordinated with population growth.The findings provide a reference for urban agglomerations to adopt cross-regional collaborative governance measures to achieve the SDGs.
基金We are grateful for support from the fund projects,including the Major Project of Philosophy and Social Science Research in Colleges and Universities of Jiangsu Province,China(2025SJZD122)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(72074107)the Nanjing University of Finance and Economics Key Research and Innovation Project(XKYC2202505).
摘要As the pivotal component of the innovation-driven strategy, green innovation has been increasingly recognized as a viable pathway to achieve harmony among economy, society,and ecological environment. Therefore, it holds significant guiding implications to investigate how green innovation drives the improvement in urban sustainable development efficiency. Employing China's prefecture-level panel dataset (excluding Xizang Autonomous Region, Hong Kong Special Administration Region, Macao Special Administration Region,and Taiwan Province due to missing data) during 2004-2022, this study evaluated the direction and extent of the impact of green innovation on urban sustainable development efficiency through adopting combining super-efficiency Slack Based Measure (SBM) model and Driving-Pressure-State-Impact-Response (DPSIR)framework. The results indicated that green innovation could make improvements in urban sustainable development efficiency through improving energy efficiency and driving industrial structure upgrading. In addition, compared with utility model green innovation,invention-based green innovation exerted a more pronounced role in urban sustainable development efficiency. Heterogeneity tests demonstrated that large cities and cluster cities enable themselves to enhance urban sustainable development efficiency through green innovation more than small to medium-sized cities and non-cluster cities. Spatial analysis revealed that green innovation imposes a significant spillover effect. Specifically,supported by the pollution haven hypothesis and siphon effect, the increased green innovation level in the neighboring cities may inhabit the local city's sustainable development efficiency to certain degree. Based on these findings, the government can regularly hold cross-city seminars to share green technology case studies and provide financial and technological compensation to surrounding areas that have sacrificed development opportunities for the sake of protecting the environment, so as to better promote China's green innovation capability and sustainable development efficiency.
基金supported by the Scientific Research Basic Ability Improvement Project for Young and Middleaged Teachers in Guangxi Universities,China,“Research on Digital Marketing of Characteristic Agricultural Products in Western Guangxi”(Grant No.2024KY0740)Scientific Research Basic Ability Improvement Project for Young and Middle-aged Teachers in Guangxi Universities,China:“Research on Industrial Revitalization Promoting High-Quality Development of Rural Economy in Guangxi under the Concept of Transportation-Tourism Integration”(Grant No.2024KY0743)+1 种基金Guangxi Higher Education Undergraduate Teaching Reform Project:“Reform and Practice of a‘Three-Line Five-Step’Virtual Simulation Teaching Mode for the Financial Sharing Course Based on Inquiry-Based Learning”(Grant No.2024JGB355)Guangxi Philosophy and Social Sciences Research Annual Project:“Research on the Mechanism and Path of Service Talent Team Building for Guangxi Community Elderly Care Service Complexes”(Grant No.24GLF012).
摘要Expanding economic potential and protecting the environment,while facing mounting climate and biodiversity stress,is becoming the challenge of environmental resource management.This review explores developments and ongoing obstacles in six areas of resource of the Sustainable Development Goal(SDG)that include water;land,soils,and food systems;forests and terrestrial carbon biodiversity governance;oceans,coasts,and fisheries;biodiversity connectivity;and extractives and energy-transition supply chains.Most of the interventions continue to ignore ecological thresholds,accruing effects,and cross-system feedbacks,whereas monitoring systems focus on measures of activity rather than confirmed results.Conversely,sustained improvement is most frequently associated with integrated governance,which incorporates open measurement,implementation,rights-based participation,and fair distribution of benefits.Local conservation is often overwhelmed by market forces of demand and structural forces,including subsidies,supply chains,and investment in infrastructure,which fail to stop leakage or war,unless accountability mechanisms are in place.Climate change also aggravates set baselines and puts forward the importance of adaptive regulation,spatial planning,and diversified portfolios,which combine engineered reliability with ecosystem resilience.The review brings out current SDG priorities,which include outcome-based indicators,causal evaluation,governance structures that enhance legitimacy,and transition planning that harmonizes the mineral sourcing,renewable deployment,biodiversity,and water limits.Combined,these observations indicate that striking the balance between ecology and economy is possible when ecological boundaries are under consideration as binding constraints and equity is perceived as a source of sustainability.
摘要The development of remote sensing has seen the creation of a global measurement infrastructure of sustainable development due to growing multipolar archives,rising revisit frequency,and the availability of cloud-accessible platforms of Earth observation.This review summarizes how remote sensing big data is being organized into decision-grade sustainability intelligence,the new approaches to analytics,and how Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)-oriented application pathways inter-relate action pathways that bridge observations with action.The terminologies like new data ecosystem,data readiness and interoperability,changing economics of scalable computation,and detailing the functions of diversity of modalities(optical,Synthetic Aperture Radar—SAR,thermal,Light Detection and Ranging—LiDAR,hyperspectral)have been defined.These themes of analytics,which are transforming the practice of operational analytics,are then condensed:foundations and self-supervised learning of transferable representations,multi-modal fusion to gap fill and richer inference,spatiotemporal intelligence to trend of early warning,physics-aware hybrid methods to enhance robustness and meaning under non-stationary conditions.Across the climate risk,food systems,water resources,sustainable cities,ecosystems and biodiversity,energy transitions,and health exposure pathways,the roles of Earth Observation(EO)products as direct measures and proxies,and concepts of validating,semantic comparability,and communicating uncertainties play a key role in EO products becoming credible when faced with high-stakes deployment decisions.Lastly,we chart world ways of implementation via monitoring services,early warning systems,and systems of multiple regimes,and previously underline cross-cutting priorities,scalable structures in validation,performance,so that domains of shift,agreeable governance,and Dual-use risk safeguards,and sustainable lifecycle support of EO services.These priorities form a realistic set of priorities on the alignment of remote sensing innovation with quantifiable SDGs progress.
基金supported by the Fund of China Scholarship Council(Grant No.202404180010).
摘要This research discusses the core concepts,evolutionary trajectories,inherent differences and intrinsic interconnections between carbon-based and silicon-based life forms.On this basis,we further analyze the potential risks brought by the unbalanced development of carbon and silicon economies.Then we point out a critical reality:although silicon-based life still depends on the assistance of carbon-based life for its evolution at present,the unconstrained growth of the silicon-based economy may ultimately undermine the survival and development of carbon-based economies and carbon-based life itself.We also give the solutions under our new theory,using the revenue and time saved from the silicon-based economy to subsidize the carbon-based economy,and producing more ecological products.The study proposes 6 strategic recommendations:(1)human society should establish a carbon-based life community;(2)environmental institutions produce more essential ecological products for the community,not only for human life;(3)all stakeholders take advantage of silicon-based life while also restricting its unlimited development;(4)countries and industries give full play to the positive role of the silicon-based economy in climate change mitigation and carbon-based life health;(5)relevant governance bodies enable AI to Participate in politics,assist in formulating policies and implement them fairly.(6)regions and economic entities develop diverse carbon-based economies based on the non-monetary trading system.
摘要Mature exploration and development areas constitute the core foundation for safeguarding national energy security.However,prolonged development has given rise to a range of increasingly prominent challenges,including declining production capacity,shrinking profit margins,and tightening environmental constraints,all of which have become significant impediments to achieving sustainable development in these areas.Grounded in the theoretical evolution of sustainable development and drawing on the core framework of ESG evaluation,this study defines the essential connotations of sustainable development for oil fields,constructs a threedimensional evaluation system encompassing sustainable production capacity,sustainable profitability,and environmental management capability,and establishes a corresponding set of key indicators.On this basis,the study systematically analyzes the development challenges confronting mature exploration and development areas across these three dimensions,and proposes targeted implementation strategies at the levels of technological innovation,cost control,and coordinated environmental governance.The findings of this study provide theoretical grounding and practical reference for mature exploration and development areas in China to overcome development bottlenecks and establish replicable sustainable development modes,thereby supporting the coordinated advancement of national energy security and the maritime power strategy.
摘要China is carving out a distinctive development path which features urban-rural integration.This approach has not only yielded tangible results domestically but also drawn the attention of other countries.
摘要The last three years have seen activities towards developing a new international development framework to succeed the Millennium Development Goals(MDGs)in 2015.In September 2014,the UN Open Working Group[OWG]on Sustainable Development Goals[SDGs]presented the Final Outcome Document containing 17 Goals to the UN General Assembly[UNGA].A final document is expected to be adopted at a meeting of Heads of States and Governments in September 2015.In many developing countries,spatial patterns of poverty,food insecurity,maternal health and child mortality highly correlate with remoteness and lack of transport.According to the World Bank,transport puts development goals within reach through its enabling role to other sectors of a nation’s economy(World Bank,2008).Achievement of many development targets such as the ones proposed in the SDG are highly dependent on the availability,reliability and affordability of transport.The SDG framework that is now in its final stages of negotiations does not make explicit recognition of transport as a key enabler in achievement of many of the proposed Goals.This paper argues that for sustainable development to be achieved,the profile of transport as an enabler of inclusive growth and a key to poverty eradication should be strengthened in the SDG framework.
摘要The 17 Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)for 2030,adopted by all United Nations member states in 2015,are facing a range of challenges.Factors such as climate change,regional conflicts and economic recession are having a significant impact,particularly on global poverty governance.As a platform for dialogue,exchange and technical cooperation,the 2025 International Seminar on Global Poverty Reduction Partnerships was held in Beijing on 10 December 2025.
摘要With the advancement of the global sustainable development agenda,interdisciplinary research on Education for Sustainable Development(ESD)has gained increasing attention.Through a bibliometric analysis of 529 articles in the Web of Science Core Collection,this study analyzes the current status of the research and the trends in the area of the intersection of ESD and art education.Findings indicate that the increase in publications is significant after 2013.Co-citation and co-word analyses indicate that existing studies mainly focus on macro-level themes such as conceptual evolution,policy discourse,ecological ethics,and action competence,while art education remains weakly connected and lacks an independent research cluster.This is an indicator that the current research in art education on ESD remains in its early years with significant structural deficiencies.However,there are also new interdisciplinary connections,which show the potential for significant growth.By mapping the knowledge structure of the field,this study identifies theoretical foundations,research gaps,and future directions,offering insights for the systematic integration of ESD into art education.
摘要Each spring,China’s largest political gathering,the Two Sessions,brings together the National People’s Congress and the National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference to set the nation’s broad policy direction for the year.