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Ethical Principles and Governance Technology Development of AI in China 认领 引用 被引量:18
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作者 Wenjun Wu Tiejun Huang Ke Gong 《Engineering》 SCIE EI CAS 2020年第3期302-309,共8页
Ethics and governance are vital to the healthy and sustainable development of artificial intelligence(AI).With the long-term goal of keeping AI beneficial to human society,governments,research organizations,and compan... Ethics and governance are vital to the healthy and sustainable development of artificial intelligence(AI).With the long-term goal of keeping AI beneficial to human society,governments,research organizations,and companies in China have published ethical guidelines and principles for AI,and have launched projects to develop AI governance technologies.This paper presents a survey of these efforts and highlights the preliminary outcomes in China.It also describes the major research challenges in AI governance research and discusses future research directions. 展开更多
关键词 AI ethical principles AI governance technology Machine learning Privacy Safety Fairness
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Application of Electron-Shelving Detection via 423 nm Transition in Calcium-Beam Optical Frequency Standard 认领 引用 被引量:5
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作者 黄凯凯 张建伟 +3 位作者 于得水 陈振辉 庄伟 陈景标 《Chinese Physics Letters》 SCIE EI CAS 2006年第12期3198-3201,共4页
A new scheme of small compact optical frequency standard based on thermal calcium beam with application of 423 nm shelving detection and sharp-angle velocity selection detection is proposed. Combining these presented ... A new scheme of small compact optical frequency standard based on thermal calcium beam with application of 423 nm shelving detection and sharp-angle velocity selection detection is proposed. Combining these presented techniques, we conclude that a small compact optical frequency standard based on thermal calcium beam will outperform the commercial caesium-beam microwave dock, like the 5071 Cs clock (from Hp to Agilent, now Symmetricom company), both in accuracy and stability. 展开更多
关键词 SHARP ANGLE INCIDENCE PROBING LASER-BEAM SPECTROSCOPY ATOMS CLOCK
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The history, hotspots, and trends of electrocardiogram 认领 引用 被引量:5
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作者 Xiang-Lin YANG Guo-Zhen LIU +7 位作者 Yun-Hai TONG Hong YAN Zhi XU Qi CHEN Xiang LIU Hong-Hao ZHANG Hong-Bo WANG Shao-Hua TAN 《Journal of Geriatric Cardiology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2015年第4期448-456,共9页
The electrocardiogram (ECG) has broad applications in clinical diagnosis and prognosis of cardiovascular disease. Many researchers have contributed to its progressive development. To commemorate those pioneers, and ... The electrocardiogram (ECG) has broad applications in clinical diagnosis and prognosis of cardiovascular disease. Many researchers have contributed to its progressive development. To commemorate those pioneers, and to better study and promote the use of ECG, we reviewed and present here a systematic introduction about the history, hotspots, and trends of ECG. In the historical part, information including the invention, improvement, and extensive applications of ECG, such as in long QT syndrome (LQTS), angina, and myocardial infarction (MI), are chronologi- cally presented. New technologies and applications from the 1990s are also introduced. In the second part, we use the bibliometric analysis me- thod to analyze the hotspots in the field of ECG-related research. By using total citations and year-specific total citations as our main criteria, four key hotspots in ECG-related research were identified from 11 articles, including atrial fibrillation, LQTS, angina and MI, and heart rate variability. Recent studies in those four areas are also reported. In the final part, we discuss the future trends concerning ECG-related research. The authors believe that improvement of the ECG instrumentation, big data mining for ECG, and the accuracy of diagnosis and application will be areas of continuous concern. 展开更多
关键词 Electrocardiogram History Hotspots Review Trends
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High Field Seeking State Atom Laser and Properties of Flux 认领 引用 被引量:2
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作者 夏林 熊炜 +3 位作者 杨帆 伊林 周小计 陈徐宗 《Chinese Physics Letters》 SCIE EI CAS 2008年第7期2374-2377,共4页
We present an experimental study on the continuous atom laser. The experiments show that a high field seeking state atom laser with stable flux can be formed by increasing the strength of outcoupling before large dens... We present an experimental study on the continuous atom laser. The experiments show that a high field seeking state atom laser with stable flux can be formed by increasing the strength of outcoupling before large density fluctuations appear. It is easy to obtain a long length or high speed output with this kind of atom laser. 展开更多
关键词 the power-law exponents precipitation durative abrupt precipitation change
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Improvement of Laser Frequency Stabilization for the Optical Pumping Cesium Beam Standard 认领 引用 被引量:7
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作者 王青 段俊 +2 位作者 齐向晖 张胤 陈徐宗 《Chinese Physics Letters》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2015年第5期69-72,共4页
A method is presented to improve the laser frequency stabilization for the optical pumping cesium clock. By comparing the laser frequency stabilization of different schemes, we verify that the light angle is an import... A method is presented to improve the laser frequency stabilization for the optical pumping cesium clock. By comparing the laser frequency stabilization of different schemes, we verify that the light angle is an important factor that limits the long-term frequency stability. We minimize the drift of the light angle by using a fiber- coupled output, and lock the frequency of a distributed-feedback diode laser to the fluorescence spectrum of the atomic beam. The measured frequency stability is about 3.5 ×10^-11 at i s and reaches 1.5 × 10^-12 at 2000s. The Allan variance keeps going down for up to thousands of seconds, indicating that the medium- and long-term stability of the laser frequency is significantly improved and perfectly fulfills the requirement for the optical pumping cesium clock. 展开更多
关键词 Improvement of Laser Frequency Stabilization for the Optical Pumping Cesium Beam Standard
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Measurement of atmospheric nanoparticles:Bridging the gap between gas-phase molecules and larger particles 认领 引用 被引量:1
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作者 Chao Peng Chenjuan Deng +11 位作者 Ting Lei Jun Zheng Jun Zhao Dongbin Wang Zhijun Wu Lin Wang Yan Chen Mingyuan Liu Jingkun Jiang Anpei Ye Maofa Ge Weigang Wang 《Journal of Environmental Sciences》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2023年第1期183-202,共20页
Atmospheric nanoparticles are crucial components contributing to fine particulate matter(PM2.5),and therefore have significant effects on visibility,climate,and human health.Due to the unique role of atmospheric na... Atmospheric nanoparticles are crucial components contributing to fine particulate matter(PM2.5),and therefore have significant effects on visibility,climate,and human health.Due to the unique role of atmospheric nanoparticles during the evolution process from gas-phase molecules to larger particles,a number of sophisticated experimental techniques have been developed and employed for online monitoring and characterization of the physical and chemical properties of atmospheric nanoparticles,helping us to better understand the formation and growth of new particles.In this paper,we firstly review these state-of-the-art techniques for investigating the formation and growth of atmospheric nanoparticles(e.g.,the gas-phase precursor species,molecular clusters,physicochemical properties,and chemical composition).Secondly,we present findings from recent field studies on the formation and growth of atmospheric nanoparticles,utilizing several advanced techniques.Further-more,perspectives are proposed for technique development and improvements in measuring atmospheric nanoparticles. 展开更多
关键词 Nanoparticle Measurement techniques Size distributions Physical properties Chemical composition
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Strained and Piezoelectric Characteristics of Nitride Quantum Dots 认领 引用 被引量:3
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作者 吕燕伍 蔡琳 梁双 《Chinese Physics Letters》 SCIE EI CAS 2006年第4期956-959,共4页
The deformation potential and piezoelectric field in nitride GaN/AIN quantum dots (QDs) are investigated in the framework of effective mass approximation (EMA) and finite element method (FEM). The strained field... The deformation potential and piezoelectric field in nitride GaN/AIN quantum dots (QDs) are investigated in the framework of effective mass approximation (EMA) and finite element method (FEM). The strained fields and piezoelectric characteristics are studied by using FEM for GaN/AIN QDs (GaN embedded in AIN) in the shape of truncated hexagonal pyramids. We presented the calculated results of the electronic states, wave functions, QD strain field distribution and piezoelectric effects in the QDs. Effects of spontaneous and piezoelectric polarization are taken into account in the calculation. The theoretical results are dependent on QD shapes and sizes. Some of them make the GaN/AIN QDs interesting candidates in optoelectronic applications. 展开更多
关键词 WURTZITE
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Design and test of the microwave cavity in an optically-pumped Rubidium beam frequency standard 认领 引用 被引量:1
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作者 刘畅 王延辉 《Chinese Physics B》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2015年第1期190-194,共5页
We are developing a compact rubidium atomic beam frequency standard with optical pumping and detection. The cavity for microwave interrogation is an important part of the clock. The cavity in our design is a Ramsey-ty... We are developing a compact rubidium atomic beam frequency standard with optical pumping and detection. The cavity for microwave interrogation is an important part of the clock. The cavity in our design is a Ramsey-type, E-bend one, which is the same as the conventional method in most cesium beam clocks. Requirements for the design are proposed based on the frequency shift associated with the cavity. The basic structure of the cavity is given by theoretical analysis and detailed dimensions are determined by means of electromagnetic field simulation with the help of commercial software.The cavity is manufactured and fabricated successfully. The preliminary test result of the cavity is given, which is in good agreement with the simulation. The resonant frequency is 6.835 GHz, equal to the clock transition frequency of87 Rb, and the loaded quality factor is 500. These values are adjustable with posts outside the cavity. Estimations on the Ramsey line width and several frequency shifts are made. 展开更多
关键词 rubidium beam clock optical pumping microwave cavity frequency shift
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DESIGN OF BEAM-WAVE INTERACTION BASED ON HIGH EFFICIENCY OF A HIGH-POWER BROADBAND KLYSTRON 认领 引用
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作者 Qu Zhaowei Zhang Zhaochuan +2 位作者 Liu Pukun Zhang Rui Fan Junjie 《Journal of Electronics(China)》 2014年第2期151-158,共8页
The paper mainly presents the design of beam-wave interaction of a C-band high-peakpower high-efficiency broadband klystron.The beam-wave interaction section is designed based on considerations of efficiency and bandw... The paper mainly presents the design of beam-wave interaction of a C-band high-peakpower high-efficiency broadband klystron.The beam-wave interaction section is designed based on considerations of efficiency and bandwidth synthetically.As a part of beam-wave interaction section,buncher section is simulated by Particle-In-Cell(PIC) code to observe the bunching process of electron beam to achieve high conversion efficiency of electron beam and RF field.When it comes to the other part,output circuit is designed as a three-section filter by an output cavity loaded with Chebyshev filter,and the cold test results are given.The beam-wave interaction is simulated by EGUN code and Arsenal-MSU code respectively.The simulated results indicated that,the existence of power dips in the operating bandwidth is verified by Arsenal-MSU code,comparing proper results by EGUN code.Then,the method that design parameters are not adjusted except parameters of buncher cavities to remove potential power dips is described.What is more,the simulated results of electron optics system are given by EGUN code and Arsenal-MSU code respectively.The further hot test results of klystron prove that the whole design of beam-wave interaction is effective. 展开更多
关键词 Klystron Beam-wave interaction Considerations of efficiency and bandwidth Power dips Electron optics system
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Analysis of influence of RF power and buffer gas pressure on sensitivity of optically pumped cesium magnetometer 认领 引用
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作者 石荣晔 王延辉 《Chinese Physics B》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2013年第10期206-212,共7页
A further study is conducted on two factors which respectively influence the sensitivity of optically pumped cesium magnetometer (CsOPM). The influence of radio frequency (RF) power and the buffer gas pressure on ... A further study is conducted on two factors which respectively influence the sensitivity of optically pumped cesium magnetometer (CsOPM). The influence of radio frequency (RF) power and the buffer gas pressure on the sensitivity is theoretically analyzed, and some properties are predicted. Based on the established measurement system and the visible Zeeman spectrum, not only is the real influence of these factors studied, but also, under our experimental condition, optimum parameters based on the measured curves are ascertained. The properties of these measured curves match the theoretical result very well. Our research attempts to provide theory reference to help magnetometer designers determine optimum parameters under certain conditions. 展开更多
关键词 optically pumped cesium magnetometer buffer gas pressure sensitivity
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Collapse and Revival of an Atomic Beam Interacting with a Coherent State Light Field 认领 引用 被引量:1
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作者 李犇 陈景标 《Chinese Physics Letters》 SCIE EI CAS 2009年第12期87-90,共4页
We report on the phenomena of the periodic spontaneous collapse and revival in the dynamics of an atomic beam interacting with a single-mode and coherent-state light field. Conventional collapse and revival by Eberly ... We report on the phenomena of the periodic spontaneous collapse and revival in the dynamics of an atomic beam interacting with a single-mode and coherent-state light field. Conventional collapse and revival by Eberly et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 44(1980)1323 ] are presented in the case of the evolution with time of the population inversion. Here, we study the evolution with coupling strength of population inversion. We define the collapse and revival coupling strengths as characteristic parameters to describe the above collapse and revival. Furthermore, we present the analytic formulas for the population inversion, the collapse and revival coupling strengths. 展开更多
关键词 Atomic and molecular physics Optics quantum optics and lasers
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A Network Scheduling Strategy of Android-Based Virtual Reality System 认领 引用 被引量:3
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作者 SONG Xue-hui WANG Shao-rong +1 位作者 LAI Shun-nan WANG Guo-ping 《Computer Aided Drafting,Design and Manufacturing》 2015年第2期36-42,共7页
Mobile platform develops rapidly in recent years,with its performance and capacity increasing.A large number of virtual reality applications such as 3D simulation and visualization have appeared on mobile platform.How... Mobile platform develops rapidly in recent years,with its performance and capacity increasing.A large number of virtual reality applications such as 3D simulation and visualization have appeared on mobile platform.However,due to restrictions,such as the lack of computing resources and the limited network bandwidth,the virtual reality systems on mobile platform could not have comparable performance as their peers on desktop platform.Taking resource restrictions into consideration,trade-offs have been made regarding the display of virtual reality systems.We propose a unified network scheduling strategy based on asynchronous multi-thread,database cache,prioritization and elimination of overdue requests.This strategy has been tested on the prototype system of virtual reality system on Android.The results demonstrate higher network resource utilization and better user experience. 展开更多
关键词 virtual reality network dispatch Android
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ANALYSIS AND SIMULATION OF QSP BEAMFORMER 认领 引用
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作者 Shi Shuangning Shang Yong +1 位作者 Liang Qinglin Liang Bin 《Journal of Electronics(China)》 2007年第6期812-814,共3页
The real Direction Of Arrival (DOA) varies with time in mobile communication system. In such situation, the performance of conventional beamformers will be degraded obviously. Quantum Signal Processing (QSP) beamforme... The real Direction Of Arrival (DOA) varies with time in mobile communication system. In such situation, the performance of conventional beamformers will be degraded obviously. Quantum Signal Processing (QSP) beamformer is insensitive to DOA errors, thus it can achieve stable output performance in such circumstance. This letter verified the effectiveness and feasibility of the QSP beamformer by simulation results. 展开更多
关键词 Beamforming DOA error Quantum Signal Processing (QSP) Impact factor
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Analysis of Laser-Diode and Lamp Optical Pumping for a Rubidium Beam 认领 引用
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作者 GUO Jian WANG Yan-Hui 《Chinese Physics Letters》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2013年第2期69-73,共5页
The time evolution of populations of the ground state hyperfine Zeeman levels of 87Rb atoms is analyzed using the Runge-Kutta method for the case that a rubidium beam is optically pumped,under different conditions ... The time evolution of populations of the ground state hyperfine Zeeman levels of 87Rb atoms is analyzed using the Runge-Kutta method for the case that a rubidium beam is optically pumped,under different conditions of polarization,with a weak monochromatic laser and an 87R lamp.On the base of the results above,the least estimated laser and 87R lamp power for the best population inversion is obtained,aiding further investigations. 展开更多
关键词 polarization pumped laser
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Design and Implementation of a Real Time Wireless Monitor System for Urinary Incontinence 认领 引用
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作者 Xuhui Nie Zongyu Song +4 位作者 Jinsong Yang Ziwei Dengyun Mingxi Yin Xiaohui Duan Bingli Jiao 《International Journal of Communications, Network and System Sciences》 2017年第5期252-263,共12页
Urinary incontinence is the most common health problem in aged people. Leaving incontinence events unmanaged will make a negative influence on the aged and the patient both mentally and physically. This paper presents... Urinary incontinence is the most common health problem in aged people. Leaving incontinence events unmanaged will make a negative influence on the aged and the patient both mentally and physically. This paper presents a design and implementation of a real time wireless monitor system for urinary incontinence, which has been applied in two nursing homes in Beijing and Shanghai. We collect real time moisture information by using non-contact humidity sensor designed and manufactured by us. When urinary incontinence, the sensor will send alert to mobile device via Bluetooth. If got the alert, the mobile device will send the alert to relatives of the aged or disabled people and cloud computing platform, through which we can make this information managed and displayed and the paramedic can be informed about the alarm. This paper gives a brief introduction to the framework of this system, the design of the non-contact sensor, the transmission of wireless data and the results of tests. 展开更多
关键词 Urinary Incontinence Non-Contact Sensor Real-Time Apps Cloud Computing Platform Communication Protocol
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A review:Photonics devices,architectures,and algorithms for optical neural computing 认领 引用 被引量:18
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作者 Shuiying Xiang Yanan Han +15 位作者 Ziwei Song Xingxing Guo Yahui Zhang Zhenxing Ren Suhong Wang Yuanting Ma Weiwen Zou Bowen Ma Shaofu Xu Jianji Dong Hailong Zhou Quansheng Ren Tao Deng Yan Liu Genquan Han Yue Hao 《Journal of Semiconductors》 EI CAS CSCD 2021年第2期64-79,共16页
The explosive growth of data and information has motivated various emerging non-von Neumann computational approaches in the More-than-Moore era.Photonics neuromorphic computing has attracted lots of attention due to t... The explosive growth of data and information has motivated various emerging non-von Neumann computational approaches in the More-than-Moore era.Photonics neuromorphic computing has attracted lots of attention due to the fascinating advantages such as high speed,wide bandwidth,and massive parallelism.Here,we offer a review on the optical neural computing in our research groups at the device and system levels.The photonics neuron and photonics synapse plasticity are presented.In addition,we introduce several optical neural computing architectures and algorithms including photonic spiking neural network,photonic convolutional neural network,photonic matrix computation,photonic reservoir computing,and photonic reinforcement learning.Finally,we summarize the major challenges faced by photonic neuromorphic computing,and propose promising solutions and perspectives. 展开更多
关键词 photonics neuron photonic STDP photonic spiking neural network optical reservoir computing optical convolutional neural network neuromorphic photonics
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3D Geometry-Based UAV-MIMO Channel Modeling and Simulation 认领 引用 被引量:15
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作者 Rubing Jia Yiran Li +1 位作者 Xiang Cheng Bo Ai 《China Communications》 SCIE CSCD 2018年第12期64-74,共11页
A more general narrowband regular-shaped geometry-based statistical model(RS-GBSM) combined with the line of sight(LoS) and single bounce(SB) rays for unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV) multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO) ... A more general narrowband regular-shaped geometry-based statistical model(RS-GBSM) combined with the line of sight(LoS) and single bounce(SB) rays for unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV) multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO) channel is proposed in this paper. The channel characteristics, including space-time correlation function(STCF), Doppler power spectral density(DPSD), level crossing rate(LCR) and average fade duration(AFD), are derived based on the single sphere reference model for a non-isotropic environment. The corresponding sum-of-sinusoids(SoS) simulation models including both the deterministic model and statistical model with finite scatterers are also proposed for practicable implementation. The simulation results illustrate that the simulation models well reproduce the channel characteristics of the single sphere reference model with sufficient simulation scatterers. And the statistical model has a better approximation of the reference model in comparison with the deterministic one when the simulation trials of the stochastic model are sufficient. The effects of the parameters such as flight height, moving direction and Rice factor on the characteristics are also studied. 展开更多
关键词 UAV-MIMO geometry-based model channel characteristics simulation model
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Toward the Next Generation of Retinal Neuroprosthesis: Visual Computation with Spikes 认领 引用 被引量:6
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作者 Zhaofei Yu Jian K.Liu +4 位作者 Shanshan Jia Yichen Zhang Yajing Zheng Yonghong Tian Tiejun Huang 《Engineering》 SCIE EI CAS 2020年第4期449-461,共13页
A neuroprosthesis is a type of precision medical device that is intended to manipulate the neuronal signals of the brain in a closed-loop fashion,while simultaneously receiving stimuli from the environment and control... A neuroprosthesis is a type of precision medical device that is intended to manipulate the neuronal signals of the brain in a closed-loop fashion,while simultaneously receiving stimuli from the environment and controlling some part of a human brain or body.Incoming visual information can be processed by the brain in millisecond intervals.The retina computes visual scenes and sends its output to the cortex in the form of neuronal spikes for further computation.Thus,the neuronal signal of interest for a retinal neuroprosthesis is the neuronal spike.Closed-loop computation in a neuroprosthesis includes two stages:encoding a stimulus as a neuronal signal,and decoding it back into a stimulus.In this paper,we review some of the recent progress that has been achieved in visual computation models that use spikes to analyze natural scenes that include static images and dynamic videos.We hypothesize that in order to obtain a better understanding of the computational principles in the retina,a hypercircuit view of the retina is necessary,in which the different functional network motifs that have been revealed in the cortex neuronal network are taken into consideration when interacting with the retina.The different building blocks of the retina,which include a diversity of cell types and synaptic connections-both chemical synapses and electrical synapses(gap junctions)-make the retina an ideal neuronal network for adapting the computational techniques that have been developed in artificial intelligence to model the encoding and decoding of visual scenes.An overall systems approach to visual computation with neuronal spikes is necessary in order to advance the next generation of retinal neuroprosthesis as an artificial visual system. 展开更多
关键词 Visual coding Retina Neuroprosthesis Brain-machine interface Artificial intelligence Deep learning Spiking neural network Probabilistic graphical model
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Construction of LDPC Codes for the Layered Decoding Algorithm 认领 引用 被引量:4
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作者 Wang Da Dong Mingke +2 位作者 Chen Chen Jin Ye Xiang Haige 《China Communications》 SCIE CSCD 2012年第7期99-107,共9页
Abstract: The layered decoding algorithm has been widely used in the implementation of Low Density Parity Check (LDPC) decoders, due to its high convergence speed. However, the pipeline operation of the layered dec... Abstract: The layered decoding algorithm has been widely used in the implementation of Low Density Parity Check (LDPC) decoders, due to its high convergence speed. However, the pipeline operation of the layered decoder may introduce memory access conflicts, which heavily deteriorates the decoder throughput. To essentially deal with the issue of memory access conflicts, 展开更多
关键词 LDPC codes construction algorithm PEG algorithm layered decoding algorithm memory access conflicts
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Realization of Optical Phase Locked Loop at 9.2 GHz between Two Independent Diode Lasers 认领 引用 被引量:5
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作者 李路明 唐文倬 +1 位作者 胡振燕 郭弘 《Chinese Physics Letters》 SCIE EI CAS 2008年第9期3253-3256,共4页
The optical-phase-locked-loop (OPLL) at 9.2 GHz between two independent narrow linewidth diode lasers is realized. Ultrabroad servo bandwidth at 4 MHz is first achieved and it is guaranteed that the full spectral ch... The optical-phase-locked-loop (OPLL) at 9.2 GHz between two independent narrow linewidth diode lasers is realized. Ultrabroad servo bandwidth at 4 MHz is first achieved and it is guaranteed that the full spectral characteristics of the master laser can be transferred to the slave laser. The experimental results prove that the coherence between two lasers is about 99%. This offers a new method to study the interaction between lasers and atoms based on the ground hyperfine structure of caesium atoms. 展开更多
关键词 the power-law exponents precipitation durative abrupt precipitation change
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